Topic 1 Shedding Mechanisms vs F bi Fabrics

What does shedding do

Shedding is one of the 5 loom motions
The others are weft insertion, beat-up, take-up, and let-off

Shedding separate the yarn sheet delivered from the weavers beam into two levels to form a space (shed) to allow a pick of weft yarn to be inserted. y the warp p sheet is separated p depends p The way on the weave design of the fabric.

General requirements on shed

S Smallest ll t possible ibl : lowest l t possible ibl additional warp tension Clear enough : preventing faults Proper shed dwelling : convenient for weft insertion Smooth movement of the heald frames (mechanism dependent) : low noise, low parts damage, damage and less fabric fa faults, lts this also affects the loom speed

Types of shedding mechanisms

F Four different diff t types t of f shedding h ddi mechanisms are available for looms:
Crank shedding mechanism (simplest) Tappet pp shedding g mechanism Dobby shedding mechanism Jacquard shedding mechanism (most complex)

Choice of shedding mechanisms determines the scope of fabrics that can be made

How does crank mechanism work

Features of crank shedding

The simplest No need for maintenance Does not put limit on loom speed Controlling only 2 heald frames plain ea e (a (and d weft e t bac backed ed weaves) ea es) o only y weave No shed dwelling, working width of loom limited to 200 cm

How does tappet mechanism work

N Negative ti

Tappet is also known as cams cams. Basic principle: p p Cam followers follow the cam p profiles

How does tappet mechanism work

Positive - 1

How does tappet mechanism work

Positive - 2

Features of tappet shedding

Simple principle, easy maintenance Low installation cost Mechanism robust and reliable No limit on loom speed Controlling 2 2-8 8 heald frames frames, thus only suitable for fabric with simple weaves Inconvenience for frequent pattern changes

D bb Dobby

How does dobby mechanism work

Negati e Negative

How does dobby mechanism work

How does dobby mechanism work

Positive

Features of dobby shedding

Controlling large number (2-36) of heald , therefore suitable for weaving g wide frames, range of fabrics
Plain and simple weaves Weaves with medium complexity

Convenient for pattern change Posing limit on loom speed Occasional shedding errors (early versions)
5 October. Next time jacquard mechanism

Jacquard

Types of Jacquard
Coarse pitch (English pitch)
200, , 400, , 600, , 800 needles

Fine pitch (French pitch)

Vincenzi: Vi i 880, 880 1320 needles dl Verdol: 896, 1344, 2688 needles

How does a j jacquard q work

English E li h y type

How does a j jacquard q work

How does a j jacquard q work

French type

Harness management g

Features of jacquard shedding

Capable of weaving all types of fabrics, p to the most complex p from the simplest fabrics
Mostly used for weaving complex fabrics Not economical for weaving simple fabrics

Posing speed limit on loom Complex mechanism

Mechanical and electronic jacquard

Electronic jacquard

Comparison of the 4 mechanisms

Crank Mechanism Installation cost Yarn control Fabric types Simplest Low Tappet Simple Low Dobby Quite complex Medium Jacquard Most complex High

2 ends 2-8 ends 2-36 ends 2-1000s Collective Collective Collective Individual Plain w fabrics Simple w Fancy fabrics fabrics Complex fabrics

Shed geometry

Equal tension

Unequal tension

Unequal tension

Shed timing
90

180

Late shedding 270

Early shedding

Effect shed timing

Early shedding
larger shed angle at beatup helpful in weaving fabrics with high weft density clear shed better fabric hand (fullness) more likely to produce end breaks used for plain fabrics

Late shedding
small shed angle at beatup small resistance to beatup lower end breakage clear weave pattern on fabric less likely to achieve higher weft density used for twill and satin fabrics