RESEARCH PROPOSAL

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE MEMBERS STRENGTHENED WITH DIFFERENT EXTERNALLY BONDED MATERIALS

PROPOSED BY MUHAMMAD TAUSIF ARSHAD

Comparative Study of Reinforced Concrete Members Strengthened With Different Externally Bonded Materials

Purpose:
A lot of research work is carried throughout world on strengthening of RC members strengthened with different externally bonded materials like FRP sheets, steel plates,Ferrocement laminates, steel encasing, prestresed tendons,Jacketing etc.Data/parameters used for each is different from other,these parameters include size of member tested,mix proportions,steel ratio, type of steel , detailing,Loading pattern,yield strength of steel ,thickness of bonding agent, physical properties of bonding materials etc. So it is difficult for some one to make conclusion which material is more efficient for strengthening of particular RC member.Purpose of this study is to provide an effective comparison of different externally bonded materials used for strengthening of Rc members for the same parameters as described above. Related Knowledge and Training Studied a subject titled Repair, Maintenance and strengthening of RC Structures as a part master degree. In this course following topics were covered 1. Material behavior of RC i)Constituents Materials II)Effect of aggressive Environment and chemicals like chloride,sulfur attack,ASR,ACR,Acid attack and Salt weathering 2.Inspection and assessment 3.Different Repair Materials 4.Structural behavior in flexure, shear and torsion 5 .Detail study of draft report by K.M Anderson titledAssesment of the strength of reinforced concrete structures under repair for repair in tension zone,compression zone,shear ,side of beam and torsional member. 6.Interaction b/w old and new concrete
Muhammad Tausif Arshad

Comparative Study of Reinforced Concrete Members Strengthened With Different Externally Bonded Materials

7. Different strengthening techniques like over laying compressive and tensile with and without reinforcement. Strengthening with reinforcing bars at existing reinforcement level, raping the member with mesh of reinforcement as in case of jacketing of columns. 8. Strengthening with externally bonded plates i)Strengthening system ii) Behavior of different materials like plate material, steel, concrete, epoxy resin or adhesive material, anti-corrosive primer, anti-weathering paint iii) Effect of different conditions on bond like surface condition, adhesive thickness, plate thickness 9. Detail study of Research paper Structural behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by epoxy bonded steel plates R.N Swammy, R. Jones and J .W bloham Journal of structural engineering Vol 65/A Feb 1987 10. Behavior of externally bonded FRP Plates The handouts provided by instructor were from book Strengthening of reinforced concrete structures using externally bonded FRP composites in structural and civil engineering edited by LC Hollaway and MB Leeming with following topics i)FRP plate bonding ii)Composite Materials iii) Behavior of different fibers like glass fibers, carbon fibers and aramid fibers IV) Typical properties of different fibers v ) study of effect of GFRP,CFRP and AFRP on strength and stiffness,fatigue,creep and stress rupyure,Thermal expansion co-efficient . vi)Advantages and dis advantages 11. different case studies from book Concrete structures :materials,maintenance and repair by Dension Campbell allen and Harold Roper.
Muhammad Tausif Arshad

Comparative Study of Reinforced Concrete Members Strengthened With Different Externally Bonded Materials

Attended a training workshop on Vulnerability assessment of buildings subjected to earthquake arranged by NED UET Karachi under HEC-US aid project Building capacity in Pakistan to seismically essential structures

Research Methodology Phase-I

Literature review of existing workdone. Following data shall be extracted i)Enlist type of material used for strengthening of RC members ii)Enlist different parameters as described above iii)Different techniques used for each material and selection of best result oriented techniques. iv)Qualitative and quantative comparison of different materials

Phase-II
i) Selection of RC members for study.(of course due to limited time it is not possible to investigate each type of RC member. So for Study one type of member will be selected and it will be kicker for future.) ii)Selection of materials to be used for strengthening of selected Rc member. iii)Selection of the parameters for test specimens iv)Theoretical Analysis of Test members before strengthening

Phase-III
Experintal work Review of facilities available for desired testing.if deficiencies fulfill the requiremnts

Muhammad Tausif Arshad

Comparative Study of Reinforced Concrete Members Strengthened With Different Externally Bonded Materials

i)Casting of test specimens. For each type of material one controlled specimen and six specimens strengthened with material applied using best result oriented techniques. ii)Testing All specimens will be tested for same loading conditions and note first crack load ,service Load,ultimate load,deflection at suitable intervals.Compare these values with some standard like CP110 or ACI 318-08.

Phase-IV
Interpretation/analysis of Experimental results and to be proposed an efficient model for strengthening of Rc members using externally bonded materials.

Phase-V
Compilation of thesis and ready for defense

Benefit to Home Country

On 8th October 2005 a massive earthquake shook northern Pakistan and AJK territories jolting the residencies of cities and ruining the far apart areas, killing more than 73000 people, Injuring more than 70,000 and 3.5 million homeless. In addition to facilities earthquake damage infrastructure, about 6000 educational institutes were damaged or destroyed, as were 585 medical facilities and 4000 miles roads. After reviewing the technical reports it is revealed that i) Most of housing was non-engineered ii)Even designed buildings were capacity deficient It is said that this area may be affected by such earth quake after a long period but awaken the different stakeholders like planers, consultants and researchers.So there
Muhammad Tausif Arshad

Comparative Study of Reinforced Concrete Members Strengthened With Different Externally Bonded Materials

are a lot of activities during last 7 years. ERRA is established. New earthquake provisions 2007 based on UBC 97 and ACI 318-05 are added to Pakistan building code. New seismic zoning map is developed. Seismic zones of districts of Pakistan up to tehsil level are described. According to this map seismic zones of different area are changed. Karachi is placed in zone 2B.Karachi is the mega city of Pakistan. The buildings of Karachi have insufficient capacity to with stand expected major earth quake Experts say Half of Karachi will collapse in case an earth quake strikes Metropolis. Some other regions of country face same situation like affecttes of Mangla dam were settled in New Mirpur which is in Zone 2B, different areas of KPK are in zone3. Pakistan is developing country and cannot afford to demolish whole cities and set up new as per code provisions. So only solution is assessing the vulnerability and strengthening RC members as per codes where deficiencies exist, as RC is the mostly used and economical material for this region. Furthermore in last decade a lot of multistory buildings /commercial plazas were constructed. Now construction phase almost ended and phase of repair, maintenance and strengthening is at verge of kick. So my study will be use full for my country in this alarming situation and it will impact a lot on economy of my country.

Muhammad Tausif Arshad