Materials

Graduated cylinder Test Tubes Test Tube holders Bunsen Burner Wooden Splints Bic Lighter Drop Test Tube Stirring Rod Gas Line Safety Goggles Safety Gloves Lab Coat

Introduction
A chemical reaction is a process during which one or more original substances (reactants) are converted to one or more different substances (products). A chemical reaction may occur quickly (firecracker exploding) or slowly (iron rusting). Some chemical reactions occur spontaneously at normal temperatures and pressures, as soon as the reactants are brought into contact with each other. Other chemical reactions occur only if external energy is supplied in the form of heat, light, or an electrical spark. The purpose of the lab was to create a demonstration that presented five types of chemical reactions (synthesis, decomposition, single-displacement, and double-displacement and combustion). Each type of chemical reaction has different properties and has different indicators that a reaction has occurred. The experiment exposed other compounds to each other or put a compound against conditions that would cause a chemical reaction, such as a compound being exposed to heat. The lab was broken into six reaction experiments. Synthesis is a type of chemical reactions in which two compounds or elements are introduced to each other and produce a single product. The equation for synthesis is:

A + B AB _____________________________________________________________________________
Decomposition is the chemical process in which a compound breaks down into molecules or smaller compounds. Its essentially the opposite of synthesis. It is represented by the equation:

AB A + B
Single displacement reactions are when one element replaces another element in compound to form a new compound. In single displacement reactions the element that is being displaced is reduced. The single displacement formula is AX + B AB + X A double displacement reaction occurs often when solutions of two ionic compounds are mixed a precipitate (solid) is formed. The mixture may turn cloudy, or may separate, with the solid settling at the bottom of the container. Occasionally, the mixture may bubble as a gas is produced. Other times however, nothing happens and the two solutions will mix and remain clear. Double displacement reactions occur if ONE of the products is water, a gas or insoluble (a solid). AB + CD AC + BD

Combustion usually occurs when a hydrocarbon reacts with water to produce carbon dioxide and water. Combustion involves a reaction between any combustible material and an oxidizer to form an oxidized product. Combustion is an exothermic reaction, so it releases heat, but sometimes the reaction happens so slowly that you cant notice a change in temperature. Good signs that you are dealing with a combustion reaction include the presence of oxygen as a reactant and carbon dioxide, water and heat as products. Hydrocarbon + oxygen carbon dioxide + water

Observing Different Types of Chemical Reactions

Date: Monday October 21st, 2013 Class: Grade 11 University Chemistry Teacher: Mr. Weiss By: Cole Haggar, Trent Pora, and Justin Poitras