HINDUISM

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INTRODUCTION
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Hinduism is the oldest religion in the world. Hinduism is the third largest religion. Hinduism is also known as Sanatana Dharma and Vaidika Dharma. Hinduism belie es in idol worshi!!ed. Hinduism ha e numbers o" sa#red books.

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INTRODUCTION #ont$
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ORI%IN&
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The origin was dated ba#k to '((( or more )ears. Hindu is deri ed "rom the name o" ri er Indus.

*+CTS&
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It is the oldest sur i ing religion in the world. Hinduism belie e in the #on#e!t o" ,arma.
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TR+DITIONS

Hindus is #entered to de otion o" %od. There are three !ossible !aths to liberation

,armamarga

-nanamarga

.haktimarga

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Hinduism gods and goddess are the !ersoni"i#ation o" the #osmi# strength. Hinduism belie es in #aste s)stem. Hinduism belie es in one and all !er asi e Su!reme .eing. Hinduism belie es in ,arma. Hinduism belie es in rein#arnation o" the soul until it attain moksha.
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/1ICS OR ITIH+S

There are 2 e!i#s or Itihas& 3

The Rama)ana Mahabharata

The

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The Main shruti te4ts

The

*our Vedas 5(6 U!anishads Vedanta Sutra

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The

The

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The Main smriti te4ts

The

Itihasas 7histories or e!i#s8 .haga ad3gita 7!hiloso!h)8 1uranas 7stories and histories8 Dharma Shastra 7law books8
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The

The

The

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Others
The

Vedangas 7limbs o" the Vedas8 U!a edas 7"ollowing the Vedas8 te4ts 7e.g. agamas9 tantras8 literature
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The

Se#tarian

Verna#ular

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V/D+S

The edas #ontain h)mns9 in#antations9 and rituals "rom an#ient India The *our Vedas

The Rig Veda :;Ro)al ,nowledge< The Sama Veda 3 ;,nowledge o" Chants< The =a>ur Veda 3 ;,nowledge o" Sa#ri"i#ial Rituals< The +thar a Veda 3 ;,nowledge o" In#arnations<
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U1+NISH+DS
U!anishads There

were so #alled be#ause the) were taught to those who sat down besides their tea#her. are 5(6 e4tant U!anishads o" whi#h 5? are most im!ortant&

Isa9

,ena9

,atha

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1rashna9

Mundaka9

Manduk)a9

Taitiri)a9

+itare)a9

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Chandog)a9

.rihadaran)aka9

,aushitaki9

Sh

etash atara9

Maitri. 4/14/12

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Vendata Sutra
It

is also #alled the .rahma Sutras.

There

are a total o" ''( a!horisms di ided between "our #ha!ters.

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The .H+%+V+D %IT+

It

is #alled as the @Song o" the +dorable One<. .haga ad %ita is a #entral te4t o" Hinduism.

The

It

dis#uss the di""erent threads o" Hindu !hiloso!h).

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The 1uranas
The

!uranas deals with the later deities3 .rahma9 Vishnu and Shi a. !uranas deals with the m)ths.

The

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The Dharma Shastra

The

Dharma Shastras in#lude the law #odes o" Hinduism. deal with three main sub>e#ts&
o" #ondu#t9

The)

#odes #i

il and #riminal law9 and

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!unishment and atonement.

D/ITI/S
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HINDUISM %ODS
Brahma
.rahma

is the #reator.

.rahma

made a goddess out o" himsel" #alled %a)atri. dail) alternation o" light and dark attributed to the a#ti it) o" .rahma.
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The

is

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Vishnu

Vishnu

is the !reser er and the #reation. has 5( in#arnations to in#arnate human "orm to set balan#ed and wrong.

!rote#tor o"

Vishnu

in a between right

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Vishnu

is shown with "our attributes or wea!ons&

In one hand Vishnu holds the #ou#h Sankha. se#ond hand o" Vishnu holds the Vai>ra. third hand o" Vishnu holds the #lub.

or

The

dis# or

The

The

"orth hand Vishnu holds the lotus 4/14/12 1adma.

or

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The 10 Avtars of Vishnu are:

Matsya

or the !ish incarnation

"ur#a

or the Turtle incarnation or the $oar incarnation or the 'ion incarnation

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Varaha

%arasin&ha

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*arasura#a

+a#

"rishna

$uddha

"alki

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Shiva

Shi

a is the god o" the )ogis9 sel"3 #elibate. shi a is the destro)er o" the world.

#ontrolled and

0ord

Shi

a has man) "orms9 whi#h are isible 1an#ha aktra "orm.

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in his

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Balrama

.alrama

is a s)mbol o" strength9 son9 an ideal brother and and god. is a !rote#tor "rom desires9 the strength9 s)mboliAing dut)9 sim!li#it).

an obedient husband9 an ideal man

He

di init) o" honest) and

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Dhanwantari

Dhanwantari

is the !h)si#ian o" the

gods. who taught

He

is also #onsidered as a great surgeon +)ur edi# surger) to Susrutha

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Ganesha

The

Hindu tradition begins with the o" lord %anesha. be#ame the 0ord 7Isha8 o" all e4isting beings.

in o#ation

%anesha

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Garuda

%aruda

is the king o" the birds.

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Hanuman

Hanuman

is the monke) deit) "or his #ourage9 !ower and ser i#e.

renowned "aith"ul9 sel"less

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Indra
Indra

is the god o" thunder and rain and a great warrior9 a s)mbol o" #ourage and strength. mount is the ele!hant +ira ata and he also has a golden #hariot drawn b) ten thousands horses. is as Cui#k as the wind and #arries a hook9 sword9 #on#h9 noose9 a rainbow and mu#h "eared magi# wea!on Vai>ra.

IndraBs

Indra

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Kartikay

,artika)

%anesha.

is the son o" Shi a and brother to

,artika)

is the s#ientist o" the gods. the

,artika)

is the #ommander o" the arm) o" gods and slew the demon taraka.
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Krishna

,rishna

is usuall) regarded as the eight o" lord Vishnu . ,rishna is the embodiment o" lo e >o) that destro)s all !ain and sin.

in#arnation

0ord

and di ine

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Kurma

,urma

7or the ,oorm + atar8 is the tortoise3in#arnation o" lord

se#ond9 Vishnu.

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Maya
The

literal meaning o" the word @Ma)a< illusion. #reates the ignoran#e o" the

is

Ma)a

indi idual sel".

Ma)a

shakti is the di ine !ower whi#h brings out the e olution o" this !resent world.
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Ram

Ram is the Dth in#arnation o" Vishnu and the #entral "igure o" the Rama)ana 7Rama)an8 e!i#. took birth to "ree the earth "rom the #ruelt) and sins o" the demon ,ing Ra ana7Ra an8.

Ram

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Vamana

Vanama is the 'th in#arnation o" Vishnu9 born as a dwar" into the household o" a .rahmin !riest. de"eated the demon king .ali .

Vanama

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HINDUISM %ODD/SS
Annapurna

+nna!urna

#ooking.

is the hindu goddess o" "ood

and

+nna!urna

is em!owered with the abilit) su!!l) "ood to an unlimited amount o"

!eo!le.

to

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+nna!urna

1ar ati.

is the in#arnation o" the Hindu

%oddess

+nna!urna

also s)mboliAes the di ine as!e#t o" nourishing #are.

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Bhuvaneshwari

.hu

aneshwari is the Eueen7Ish ari8 !henomenal world 7.hu an8. is interested in the wel"are o" her resides in the hearth #hakra. aneshwari is one o" the 5(

o" the

She

sub>e#ts and

.ha

Maha id)as.
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Dhumavati

Dhuma She She

ati is the smok) "orm o" Shakti.

is also known as the eternal widow.

is #alled +lakshmi9 the one who is without lakshmi or radian#e. ati is the Di ine Mother at the time o" the deluge9 when the earth is under water. ati is one o" the ten Maha id)as.
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Dhuma Dhuma

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Durga

The

name @Durga< in Sanskrit means @in in#ible<. is an in#arnation o" De i or the Mother %oddess9 a uni"ied s)mbol o" "or#es. Hindu goddess Durga mani"ested e il "or#es threatened the er) gods. all di ine when e4isten#e o" the

Durga

The

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The

s)llable @du< is s)non)mous with the F de ils o" !o ert)9 su""ering9 "amine and e il habits. The @r< re"ers to diseases and the @ga< is the destro)er o" sins9 in>usti#e9 irreligion9 #ruelt) and laAiness.

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Ganga

The

goddess ganga in#arnated as the 7%anges8 ri er. was born "rom the water in kamandula. was er) !rett) and dan#ed hea ens to the delight o" all.

%anga .rahmaBs in the

%anga %anga

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Kali
,ali ,ali ,ali

is a "ero#ious "orm o" the Di ine

Mother. trans"ormation

is the goddess o" time and o" the that is death 7kala8.

is the ,undalini energ) that !aral)ses the atta#hments !rodu#ed b) the solar and lunar #urrents. Hindu goddess ,ali is the "irst o" Maha id)as. There"ore ,ali is the "irst born. the ten known as +d)a

The

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Lakshmi

0akshmi

is the daughter o" the sage and took re"uge in the o#ean o" gods were sent into e4ile. hand was gi en to Vishnu.

.hrigu milk when the

0aksmhi

0akshmi

was reborn as his #onsort ea#h Vishnu in#arnate.

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time when

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0akshmi

is the goddess o" light9 beaut)9 "ortune and wealth. also signi"ies lo e and gra#e.

good

0akshmi

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Matangi

Matangi

is the Dark one9 a "orm o" in#arnated as the daughter

Saraswati o" Matang Rishi.

Matangi

is one o" the ten maha id)as.

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Matangi

resides in the throat #hakra and radiant like the moon.

is

Matangi

is in oked to a#hie e #ommand o er s!ee#h9 #reati it) and knowledge among others.

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Saraswati

Saraswati

is the Hindu goddess o" musi# and all the #reati e arts. is #alled as the Mother o" the and the re!ositor) o" brahmaBs intelligen#e.

knowledge9

Saraswati

edaBs #reati e

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Saraswati

is also #alled Vak de i9 the

goddess o"

s!ee#h.
Dressed

in white9 Saraswati holds a mala !almlea" s#roll indi#ating knowledge.

and a

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Shakti

Shakti

is the di ine "or#e9 mani"esting to destro) demoni# "or#es and restore balan#e. is the mother goddess9 the sour#e o" all the uni ersal !rin#i!le o" energ)9 !ower or #reati it).

Shakti

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Sita

Sita

s)mboliAes an ideal daughter9 wi"e9 and Cueen. re!resents all that is great and noble womanhood. is re ered as the in#arnation o" the 0akshmi9 the di ine #onsort

mother

Sita

in

She

goddess o" 0ord Vishnu.

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CONC0USION

0induis# is a vast reli&ion1 There is no s2ecific ori&in and founder1 0induis# )orshi2 different deities as 2er their )ishes1 0induis# have #ore than 33 crore deities1 0induis# is still follo)in& the caste syste# until date1
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