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Moldova State University Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literatures English Linguistics Department

David Leavitt (*+ ,-.,)


/ove ist and short story writer )avid 1eavitt is one of the brightest stars of the gay iterary wor d today. 1eavitt was born on 2une 23& 13*1& in 4ittsburgh& the son of Haro d 2ack 1eavitt& a professor who ater taught at Stanford 5niversity& and 0 oria ,osentha 1eavitt& a housewife and ibera po itica activist. He grew up in 4a o . to& 6a ifornia& and attended 7a e 5niversity. Whi e sti a student& he pub ished short stories& 89erritory8& 8:ut Here8 which a ong with seven others formed his first co ection& Family Dancing %13;"'& which was nominated for the /ationa $ook 6ritics 6irc e .ward and for the 4-/<=au kner .ward. 1eavitt has produced fiction of >ua ity and inte igence that are The Lost Language of Cranes %13;*'& Equal Affections %13;3'& A Place I've Never Been %133?'& hile Englan! "lee#s %1333' and others.

Selection of units for 2 year students (I sem)


nd

Unit 2 !"#I$%
I&$!'DU($I'& 1. How often do you have to make a choice? What does it concern? 2. Is it easier to choose when the choice is big? Why? 3. Sometimes it happens that peop e can!t make a choice. What do you think are the reasons for that? What do you do when you can!t make a choice? ". Have you ever had to make a hard choice? How did you fee ? What was the resu t? #. $efore choosing something %a house to ive in& a name for a chi d& a fie d to invest money in'& and not make a bad choice& some peop e consu t horoscopes& visit fortune te ers and even ook for the omens such as so ar( unar ec ipse& weather conditions etc. )o you think it!s a good idea? Why? *. Have you ever made a bad choice? )id you regret about it? What did you do to fi+ the situation? ,-.)I/0 $hin) "head 1. 1ook at the tit e of the te+t. What do you think it!s going to be about? 2. What kind of gravity do you consider the author is ta king about? !eading ,ead the te+t to find out whether your guess was correct.

ravity
9heo had a choice between a drug that wou d save his sight and a drug that wou d keep him a ive& so he chose not go b ind. He stopped the pi s and started the in@ections A these re>uired the imp antation of an unp easant and painfu catheter @ust above his heart A and within a few days the c ouds in his eyes started to c ear up& he cou d see again. He remembered going into /ew 7ork 6ity to a show with his mother& when he was twe ve and didn!t want to admit he needed g asses. B6an you read that?C she!d shouted& pointing to a $roadway mar>uee& and when he!d s>uinted& making out on y one or two etters& she!d taken off her own g asses A har e>uins with tiny rhinestones in the corners A and shoved them into his face. 9he wor d came into the focus& and he gasped& astonished at the precision around the eag es of things& the egibi ity& the hard& sharp& co orfu andscape. Sy via had to s>uint through Fi!!ler on the $oof that day& but for 9heo& his face masked by his mother!s huge g asses& everything was as bright and vivid as a comic book. -ven though peop e stared at him& and muttered things& Sy via didn!t care& he cou d see. $ecause he was dying again& 9heo moved back to his mother!s house in /ew 2ersey. 9he )H40 in@ections she took in stride A she!d seen her own mother through her dying& after a . =our times a day& with the e>uanimity of a nurse& she c eaned out the p astic tube imp anted in his chest& inserted a steri iDed hypodermic and s ow y dripped the bag of sight<giving i>uid into the veins. 9hey endured this procedure si ent y& Sy via sitting on the side of the hospita bed she!d rented for the duration of 9heo!s stay A his ife& he sometimes thought < watching reruns of I Love Lucy or the news& whi e he 1

tried not to think about the hard piece of pipe stuck into him& even though it was a constant reminder of how wide and unswimmab e the gu f was becoming between him and the ever<receding shore ine of the we . .nd Sy via was intricate y cheerfu . -ach day she urged him to go out with her somewhere A to the ibrary& or the itt e museum with the dinosaur rep icas he!d been fond of a s chi d A and when his thinness and the cane drew stares& she!d maneuver him around the peop e who were staring& determined to shie d him from whatever they might say or do. It had been the same that afternoon so many years ago& when she!d pushed him through a obbyfu of curious and aughing faces& determined that nothing shou d interfere with the spectac e of his seeing. What a pair they must have made& a boy in ug y g asses and a mother daring the wor d to say a word about itE 9his warm& breeDy afternoon in Fay they were shopping for revenge. B7our cousin Howard!s engagement party is ne+t monthC& Sy via e+p ained in the car. B. very nice gir from 1ivingston. I met her a few weeks ago& and rea y& she!s a superior person.C BI!m g ad& B9heo said. B6ongratu ate Howie for me.C B)o you think you! be up to going to the party?C BI!m not sure. Wou d it be okay for me @ust to give him a gift?C B7ou a ready have. . ove y si ver tray& if I say so myse f. 9he thank< you note!s in the iving room.C BFom& B& 9heo said& Bwhy do you a ways have to A B Sy via honked her horn at a truck making an i ega eft turn. B$etter they shou d get something than no present at a & is what I sayC& she said. B$ut now& the prob em is& I have to give Howie something& to be from me& and it better be good. It better be very& very good. B BWhy?C B)on!t you remember that cheap itt e nothing $ibi gave you for your graduation? It was disgusting.C BI can!t remember what she gave me.C G:f course you can!t. It was a tacky pen<penci set. /ot even a rea eather bo+. So natura y& it stands to reason that I have to get something tru y spectacu ar for Howard!s engagement. Something that wi make $ibi b anch. .nyway& I think I!ve found @ust the thing& but I need your advice. B B.dvice? We & when my o d roommate /ick got married& I gave him a gar ic press. It cost five do ars and ref ected e+act y how much I fe t& at that moment& our friendship was worth.B

Sy via aughed. B6 ever. $ut my idea is much more bri iant& because it makes it possib e for me to get back at $ibi and give Howard the nice gift he and his gir deserve.C She smi ed& c ear y p eased with herse f. B.h& you ive and earn.C B7ou iveC& 9heo said. Sy via b inked. BWe & ook& here we are.C She pu ed the car into a handicapped A parking p ace on Forris .venue and got out to he p 9heo& but he was a ready hoisting himse f up out of his seat& using the door hand e for everage. BI can manage myse f&C he said with some irritation. Sy via stepped back. B6 ear y one advantage to a this for you&C 9heo said& ba ancing on his cane& Bis that it!s sudden y so much easier to get a parking p ace.C B:h 9heo& p ease& BSy via said. B1ook& here!s where we!re going.C She eaned him into a gift fi ed with porce ain statuettes of Snow White and a seven the dwarves& music bo+es which& when you opened them& p ayed B9he Shadow of 7our Smi e&C comp icated<sme ing potpourris in purp e wa papered bo+es& and stuffed snakes you were supposed to push up against drafty windows and doors. BFrs. 0reenman& Bsaid an e+pansive& gray<haired man in a cream< co ored cardigan sweater. B1ook who!s here& .rchie& it!s Frs. 0reenman.! .nother man& this one thinner and ba ding& but dressed in an identica cardigan& peered out from the back of the shop. BHe o thereEC he said& smi ing. He ooked at 9heo& and his e+pression changed. BFr. Sherman& Fr. $aker. 9his is my son& 9heo.C BHe o&C Fr. Sherman and Fr. $aker said. 9hey didn!t offer to shake hands. B.re you here for that item we discussed ast week?C Fr. Sherman asked. B7es&C Sy via said. BI want advice from my son here.C She wa ked over to a arge ridged crysta bow & a very fifties sort of bow & sta wart and s>uare<@awed. BWhat do you think? $eautifu & isn!t it?C BFom& to te the truth& I think it!s kind of ug y.C B=our hundred and twenty<five do ars&C Sy via said admiring y. B7ou have to fee it.C 9hen she picked up the big bow and tossed it to 9heo& ike a footba . 9he gent emen in the cardigan sweaters gasped and did not e+ha e. When 9heo caught it& it sank his hands. His cane ratt ed as it hit the f oor. 2

B9hat!s heavy&C Sy via said& observing with satisfaction how the bow had weighted 9heo!s arms down. B.nd where crysta is concerned& heavy is impressive.C She took the bow back from him and carried it to the corner. Fr. Sherman was mopping his brow. 9heo ooked at the f oor& sti surprised not to see shards of g ass around his feet. Since no one e se seemed to be vo unteering& he bent over and picked up the cane. B=our hundred and fifty<five& with ta+&C Fr. Sherman said& his voice sti a bit shaky& and a ook of re ish came over Sy via!s face as she pu ed out her checkbook to pay. $ehind the counter& 9heo cou d see Fr. $aker put his hand on his forehead and cast his eyes to the cei ing. It seemed Sy via had been ooking a ong time for something ike this& something heavy enough to eave an impression& yet so fragi e it cou d make you sorry. 9hey headed back out to the car. BWhere can we go now?C Sy via asked& as she got in. B9here must be somep ace e se to go. B BHome&C 9heo said. BIt!s a most time for my medicine.C B,ea y? :h. . right.B She pu ed on her seat be t& inserting the car key in the ignition and sat there. =or @ust a moment& but perceptib y& her face broke. She s>ueeDed her eyes shut so tight the b ue shadow on ids cracked. . most as >uick y she was back to norma again& and they were driving. BIt!s getting better&C Sy via said. BSha I put on the air?C BSure&B 9heo said. He was thinking about the bow & or more specifica y& about how surprising its weight had been& pu ing his hands down. =or a whi e now he!d been worried about his mother& worried about what damage his i ness might secret y be doing to her of course she wou d never admit. :n the surface things seemed a right. She sti broi ed herse f a skinned chicken breast for dinner every night& sti swam a mi e and ha f a day& sti kept used teabags wrapped in foi in the refrigerator. 7et she had a so& at about three o!c ock one morning& woken him up to te him she was going to the twenty<four<hour supermarket& and was there anything he wanted. 9hen there was the gift shopH She had itera y pitched that bow toward him& pitched it ike a ba & and as that great g eam of ight and potentia regret came sai ing his direction& it had occurred to him that she was trusting his two feeb e hands& out of the who e wor d& to keep it from shattering. What was she trying to test? Was it his new y regained vision?

Was it the assurance that he was there& a ive& that he hadn!t yet s ipped past a her caring& a itt e ost boy in rhinestone<studded g asses? 9here are certain things you!ve a ready done before you even think how to do them A a chi d pu ed from in front of a car& for instance& or the bow & which 9heo was ho ding before he cou d even begin to ca cu ate its brief tra@ectory. It had pu ed his arms down& and from that apish posture he!d ooked at his mother& who smi ed broad y& as if& in the war heaviness and shattering& he!d @ust he ped her win some sma but sustaining victory. #'("/UL"!% &'$ES ,+ drug0 n 1' an i ega substance that some peop e smoke& in@ect& etc. for the physica and menta effects it hasH e.g. He does not smoke or take drugs. I found out Steve was on drugs %I regu ar y used drugs'. . hard %I very harmfu ' drug such as heroin& a soft drug %I one that is not considered very harmfu ' She was a drug addict %I cou d not stop using drugs'. He was charged with pushing drugs %I se ing them'. %informa ' I don!t do drugs %I use them'. 2' a substance used as a medicine or used in a medicine. prescri*ed drugs. e.g. 9he doctor put me on a course of pain<ki ing drugs. 9he drug has some bad side effects drug dealer0 n <a person who se s i ega drugs 2+ sight0 n 1' the abi ity to see S7/ eyesightH to lose your sight %I to become b ind' e.g. She has very good sight. 2' sight of sb(sth the act of seeing sb(sth e.g. .fter ten days at sea& we had our first sight of and. I have been known to faint at the sight of b ood. 9he so diers were given orders to shoot on sight %I as soon as they saw sb'. 3' the area or distance within which sb can see or sth can be seen e.g. 9here was no one in sight. 9he end is in sight %I wi happen soon'. Jeep out of sight %I stay where you cannot be seen'. 0et out of my sight1 %I 0o awayE' "' sights Kp .L the interesting p aces& especia y in a town or city& that are often visited by touristsH e.g. We!re going to 4aris for the weekend to see the sights. I)I:FS at first 2sight 1' when you first begin to consider sthH e.g. .t first sight& it may ook ike a generous offer& but a ways read the sma print. 3

2' when you see sb(sth for the first timeH e.g. It was love at first sight %I we fe in ove the first time we saw each other'. hate0 *e sic) of0 etc+ the sight of s*3sth < %informa ' to hate& etc. sb(sth very muchH e.g. I can!t stand the sight of himE out of sight0 out of mind < %saying' used to say sb wi >uick y be forgotten when they are no onger with you a sight for sore eyes 4 %informa ' a person or thing that you are p eased to seeM something that is very p easant to ook at S7/ 9hese are a words for the area or distance that you can see from a particu ar position. sight the area or distance that you can see from a particu ar positionH e.g. He ooked up the street& but there was no one in sight. vie5 %rather forma ' the area or distance that you can see from a particu ar positionH e.g. 9he ake soon came into view. vision the area that you can see from a particu ar positionH e.g. 9he coup e moved outside her fie d of vision %I tota area you can see from a particu ar position'. sightseeing0 n < the activity of visiting interesting bui dings and p aces as a touristH e.g. to go sightseeing sightseer0 n S7/ tourist e.g. :+ford attracts arge numbers of sightseers 6+ re7uire0 v %not usua y used in the progressive tenses' %forma ' < to need sthM to depend on sb(sthH e.g. 9hese pets re>uire a ot of care and attention. 9rue marriage re>uires us to show trust and oya ty. re7uirement& n %forma ' 1' %usua y re>uirements' Kp .L something that you need or wantH e.g. the basic re>uirements of ife 2' something that you must have in order to do sth e seH e.g. to meet 3 fulfill 3 satisfy the re7uirements+ e.g. What is the minimum entrance re>uirement for this course? 8+ stare0 v 4 stare %at sb(sth' to ook at sb(sth for a ong timeH e.g. I stared b ank y at the paper in front of me. He sat staring into space %I ooking at nothing'. 4H,.S.1 N-,$S stare s* out %$r-' < to ook into sb!s eyes for a ong time unti they fee embarrassed and are forced to ook away

S7/ stare3ga9e3peer3glare stare to ook at sb(sth for a ong time& especia y with surprise or fear& or because you are thinkingH e.g. I screamed and everyone stared. ga9e %rather forma ' to ook steadi y at sb(sth for a ong time& especia y with surprise or ove& or because you are thinkingH e.g. We a gaDed at Farco in amaDement. peer to ook c ose y or carefu y at sth& especia y when you cannot see it c ear y glare to ook angri y at sb(sth for a ong timeH e.g. I ooked at her and she g ared stoni y back. :+ s7uint0 v 1' to ook at sth with your eyes part y shut in order to keep out bright ight or to see better e.g. She was s>uinting through the keyho e. 2' %$r-' %of an eye' to ook in a different direction from the other eyeH e.g. His eft eye s>uints a itt e. 3' to have eyes that ook in different directions s7uint0 n < a condition of the eye musc es which causes each eye to ook in a different directionH e.g. He was born with a s>uint. .+ point0 n 1' a thing that sb says or writes giving their opinion or stating a factH She made severa interesting points in the artic e. I ta)e your point %I understand and accept what you are saying'. He!s @ust saying that to prove a point %I to show his idea is right'. 2' %usua y the point' the main or most important idea in sth that is said or doneH e.g. 9he point is you shou dn!t have to wait so ong to see a doctor. I wish he wou d get to the point %I say it >uick y'. )o you see my point %I understand'? I think I missed the point %I did not understand'. 7ou have a point %I your idea is right'Oit wou d be better to wait ti this evening. G9here won!t be anywhere to park.! G:h& that;s a (good) point.! %I I had not thought of that'. It @ust isn!t true. 9hat!s the 5hole point %I the on y important fact'. GHe!s been married before.! G9hat!s *eside the point! %I not important'. I know it won!t cost very much but that;s not the point %I not the important thing'. 3' a particu ar >ua ity or feature that sb(sth hasH 9act is not one of her strong points. "

I)I:FS if35hen it comes to the point < used when you have to decide sth or say what you rea y thinkH e.g. When it comes to the point& he a ways changes his mind. in point of fact < used to say what is true in a situationH as a matter of fact& e.g. In point of fact& she is their adopted daughter. point0 v 1' Kno passiveL point %at ( to ( towards sb(sth' to stretch out your finger or sth he d in your hand towards sb(sth in order to show sb where a person or thing isH e.g. It!s rude to pointE 2' point sth %at sb(sth' to aim sth at sb(sthH e.g. He pointed the gun at her head. 4H,.S.1 N-,$S point out (to s*) < point sth out (to s*) < to mention sth in order to give sb information about it or make them notice itH e.g. She tried in vain to point out to him the unfairness of his actions. =+ admit& v 1' admit %to sth ( to doing sth' P admit %to sb' %that Q ' to agree& often unwi ing y& that sth is true S7/ confessH e.g. She admits to being strict with her chi dren. 2' admit sb(sth %to ( into sth' to a ow sb(sth to enter a p aceH e.g. -ach ticket admits one adu t. S7/ admit3ac)no5ledge3concede3confess3allo53grant 9hese words a mean to agree& often unwi ing y& that sth is true. admit to agree& often unwi ing y& that sth is trueH e.g. It was a stupid thing to do& I admit. ac)no5ledge %rather forma ' to accept that sth e+ists& is true or has happenedH e.g. She refuses to acknow edge the need for reform. concede %rather forma ' to admit& often unwi ing y& that sth is true or ogica H e.g. He was forced to concede %that' there might be difficu ties. confess %rather forma ' to admit sth that you fee ashamed or embarrassed aboutH e.g. She was re uctant to confess her ignorance. allo5 %forma ' to agree that sth is true or correctH e.g. He refuses to a ow that such a situation cou d arise.

grant to admit that a statement or c aim is true& usua y whi e denying that a greater c aim is a so trueH SheRs an inte igent woman& I grant you& but sheRs no genius. >+ urge0 v 1' to advise or try hard to persuade sb to do sthH e.g. She urged him to stay. 9he report urged that a chi dren be taught to swim. 2' urge sth %on ( upon sb' to recommend sth strong yH e.g. 9he situation is dangerous and the 5/ is urging caution. urge0 n < a strong desire to do sthH I had a sudden urge to hit him. urgent0 ad? 4 that needs to be dea t with or happen immediate y S7/ pressingH e.g. G6an I see you for a moment?! GIs it urgent?! urgency0 n e.g. 9his is a matter of some urgency. urgently0 adv e.g. I need to speak to her urgent y. -+ pull0 v 1' to ho d sth firm y and use force in order to move it or try to move it towards yourse fH e.g. 7ou push and I! pu . 4u your chair nearer the tab e. 2' to move your body or a part of your body in a particu ar direction& especia y using forceH e.g. He tried to kiss her but she pu ed away. I)I:FS pull s*;s leg < %informa ' to p ay a @oke on sb& usua y by making them be ieve sth that is not true pull sth3a ra**it out of the hat < %informa ' to sudden y produce sth as a so ution to a prob em pull the rug (out) from under s*;s feet < %informa ' to take he p or support away from sb sudden y pull your soc)s up < %$r-& informa ' to try to improve your performance& work& behaviour& etc.H e.g. 7ou!re going to have to pu your socks up. 4H,.S.1 N-,$S pull s*3sth apart < to separate peop e or anima s that are fighting pull sth do5n < to destroy a bui ding comp ete y S7/ demolish pull through < pull 2through sth 1' to get better after a serious i ness& operation& etc.H e.g. 9he doctors think she wi pu through.( to succeed in doing sth very difficu tH e.g. It!s going to be tough but we! pu through it together. #

pull together < to act& work& etc. together with other peop e in an organiDed way and without fighting pull yourself together < to take contro of your fee ings and behave in a ca m wayH e.g. Stop crying and pu yourse f togetherE S7/ pull3drag3dra53haul3to53tug 9hese words a mean to move sth in a particu ar direction& especia y towards or behind you. pull to ho d sth and move it in a particu ar directionM to ho d or be attached to a vehic e and move it a ong behind youH e.g. 4u the chair nearer the tab e. drag to pu sb(sth in a particu ar direction or behind you& usua y a ong the ground& and especia y with effortH e.g. 9he sack is too heavy to iftOyouR have to drag it. dra5 %forma ' to move sb(sth by pu ing them ( it gent yM to pu a vehic e such as a carriageH I drew my chair c oser to the fire. haul to pu sb(sth to a particu ar p ace with a ot of effortH e.g. =ishermen were hau ing in their nets. to5 to pu a car& boat or ight p ane behind another vehic e& using a rope or chainH :ur car was towed away by the po ice. tug to pu sb(sth hard in a particu ar directionH She tried to escape but he tugged her back. ,@+ handicap& n 1' %becoming o d<fashioned& sometimes offensive' a permanent physica or menta condition that makes it difficu t or impossib e to use a particu ar part of your body or mind S7/ disa*ilityH e.g. )espite her handicap& 2ane is ab e to ho d down a fu <time @ob. mental 3 physical 3 visual handicap 2' something that makes it difficu t for sb to do sth S7/ o*stacleH e.g. /ot speaking the anguage proved to be a bigger handicap than I!d imagined. handicapped0 ad? %becoming o d<fashioned& sometimes offensive' 1' suffering from a menta or physica handicap S7/ disa*ledH e.g. a visua y handicapped chi d 9he accident eft him physica y handicapped 2' the handicapped noun Kp .L peop e who are handicappedH e.g. a schoo for the physica y handicapped ,,+ manage0 v 1' to succeed in doing sth& especia y sth difficu tH e.g. disappointment& he managed a weak smi e. In spite of his

2' %with ( without sb(sth' to be ab e to so ve your prob ems& dea with a difficu t situation& etc. S7/ copeH e.g. I don!t know how she manages on her own with four kids. 3' to keep sb(sth under contro M to be ab e to dea with sb(sthH e.g. It!s ike trying to manage an unru y chi d ,2+ rattle0 v %informa ' 1' to make a series of short oud sounds when hitting against sth hardM to make sth do thisH e.g. -very time a bus went past& the windows ratt ed. 2' to make sb nervous or frightened S7/ unnerveH e.g. He was c ear y ratt ed by the >uestion. 4H,.S.1 N-,$S rattle sth off < to say sth from memory without having to think too hardH e.g. She can ratt e off the names of a the presidents of the 5S. rattle on (a*out sth) < %informa ' to ta k continuous y about sth that is not important or interesting& especia y in an annoying way rattle0 n 1' %a so ratt ing' a series of short oud sounds made when hard ob@ects hit against each otherH e.g. =rom the kitchen came a ratt ing of cups and saucers 2' a baby!s toy that makes a series of short oud sounds when it is shaken rattlesna)e %a so informa rattler'& n < a poisonous .merican snake that makes a noise ike a ratt e with its tai when it is angry or afraid ,6+ toss& v 1' to throw sth ight y or care ess yH e.g. I tossed the book aside and got up. 2' to move your head sudden y upwards& especia y to show that you are annoyed or impatientH e.g. She @ust tossed her head and wa ked off. 3' toss a pancake %$r-' to throw a pancake upwards so that it turns over in the air and you can fry the other side toss0 n 1' an act of throwing a coin in the air in order to decide sthH e.g. 9he fina resu t was decided on 3 *y the toss of a coin. to 5in 3 lose the toss %I to guess correct y ( wrong y which side of a coin wi face upwards when it ands on the ground after it has been thrown in the air' 2' toss of your head an act of moving your head sudden y upwards& especia y to show that you are annoyed or impatientH e.g. She dismissed the >uestion with a toss of her head. *

$EA$ ('MB!ECE&SI'& I+ Find out 5hether the sentences are $!UE or F"LSE+ 1. 9heo started taking pi s and in some days the c ouds in his eyes began to c ear up. 2. 9heo and his mother went to /ew 7ork to a show. 3. Sy via was wearing g asses. ". 9heo!s mother worried that peop e around stared at 9heo in g asses. #. Sy via!s son had a tube imp anted in his chest. *. 9heo!s mother invited him to see dinosaur rep icas. S. 9he afternoon in Fay was windy. ;. 9he gir friend of 9heo!s cousin isn!t from 1ivingstone. 3. 9heo didn!t want to go to the engagement party. 1?. Sy via didn!t know what present to give Howie. 11. /ick used to be 9heo!s roommate and they didn!t have good re ationships. 12. 9heo cou d get out of the car himse f. 13. .rchie was ba ding and was wearing a cream<co oured cardigan sweater. 1". Fr. Sherman and Fr. $aker worked in a gift shop. 1#. 9heo rea y iked the big bow his mother had chosen. 1*. Sy via tossed a footba to his son. 1S. Shop<assistants he d their breath when they saw Sy via tossing the thing. 1;. 9heo!s mother was rea y g ad that he caught the present. 13. 9heo cou d see a ot of g ass around his feet. 2?. 9heo worried a ot about the troub e his i ness brought to his mother. 21. Sy via iked a chicken for dinner. 22. In the car 9heo tried to find the reasons his mother tossed him a bow in the gift shop. "ns5er the follo5ing 7uestions 1. How does the story begin? What fee ings does the beginning evoke? 2. Who are the characters of the story? )escribe them in detai .

3. What!s the theme and message of the story? ". Is the tit e appropriate to the contents of the story? Why? What other tit e wou d you suggest? Why? #. 6omment on the p ot structure %pro og& e+position& comp ications& c ima+& denouement& ending& epi og A if any' *. What can you say about the anguage of the story? 1. Why didn!t 9heo at the age of twe ve want to admit he needed g asses? 2. What did 9heo fee when he put his mother!s g asses on? 3. Why do you think the narrator gives us a detai ed description of 9heo!s first e+perience to see the wor d through g asses? What effect do you think it has on the reader? ". 6omment on the fo owing& %&&he trie! not to thin' a(out the har! #iece of #i#e stuc' into him) even though it *as a constant remin!er of ho* *i!e an! uns*imma(le the gulf *as (ecoming (et*een him an! the ever+rece!ing shoreline of the *ell.C What does he mean by the Bthe we C? What!s the meaning of Bever<recedingC? What!s the other word for Bever< receding shore ineC? What fee ings do you think he has about his i ness? Why do you think he says that Bthe gu f is wide and unswimmab eC? Is he optimistic or pessimistic? #. What choice did 9heo have to make? Was it a hard choice? Why? *. What choice did Sy via have to make? Was it a hard choice? Why? S. Why did 9heo think that his mother was intricate y cheerfu ? ;. Why did Sy via know tried to take 9heo everywhere instead of staying home? 3. Why didn!t 9heo want to go to Howie!s party? 1?. )id Si via know that 9heo wou d refuse to go to the engagement party? 11. Was 9heo happy that his mother wanted to he p him get out of the car? Why? 12. What!s the advantage of having a car for the disab ed& according to 9heo? 13. What cou d 9heo and Sy via see in a gift shop? S

II+

1". Why didn!t Fr. Sherman and Fr. $aker shake hands with 9heo? 1#. Why do you think Sy via tossed a big bow to her son? What did she want to show? )o you consider she did the right thing? Why? 1*. Want was the reaction of the shop<assisstants? )escribe it. 1S. What did 9heo do when Sy via tossed him a bow ? 1;. Why did Sy via!s face break after 9heo!s words that it was time to go home? 13. 6omment on 9heo!s thoughts in the car. III+ wa k. a' tray b' cane c' horn d' hand e 2. .fter the heavy rain& the sky began to Q.. a' c ear up b' c ean out c' bend over d' peer out 3. In hard times& she showed everybody her Q..and the abi ity to contro the situation. a' engagement b' revenge c' cardigan d' e>uanimity ". Fs Hungry is Q.Q.some meat in the kitchen. a' broi ing b' b anching c' b inking d' sticking #. Q.is abso ute y necessary in e+act science. a' 1everage b' Ignition c' 4recision d' .ssurance *. 9he tab e isQQQ< 4robab y& someone spi ed sweet tea on it. a' studded b' ridged c' vivid d' tacky S. I!m the on y person in my fami y who thinks that gar ic is a perfect QQ. for this dish. a' re ish b' shard c' g eam d' id ;. QQis a sma funny creature. a' 4osture b' )warf c' Fob d' =oi 3. I!ve got to make a confession. 7esterday I dropped a cup and it Q.. a' eaned b' pitched c' cracked d' s ipped 1?. 9he wind has QQ..our windows and now we have to order new windows. a' stuffed b' shattered c' studded d' stuck (hoose the 5ord that *est completes the sentence+ 1. Fr 1ame used to carry hisQQhim because it was hard for him to

I#+

Match the ver*s 5ith their definitions+ #er* 1. to shove 2. to gasp 3. to mutter ". to drip #. to b ink *. to ean S. to shie d ;.to interfere 3. to honk 1?. to hoist Definition a' to bend or move from a vertica positionH b' to fa in sma drops c' to take a >uick deep breath with your mouth open& especia y because you are surprised or in pain d' to raise or pu sth up to a higher position& often using ropes or specia e>uipment e' to get invo ved in and try to inf uence a situation that does not concern you& in a way that annoys other peop e f' to speak or say sth in a >uiet voice that is difficu t to hear& especia y because you are annoyed about sth g' to push sb(sth in a rough way h' to protect sb(sth from danger& harm or sth unp easant i' shut and open your eyes >uick y @' to make a oud voice

#+ Fill in the *lan)s 5ith the phrasal ver*s from voca*ulary notes+ 1. When we were chi dren& weQQQQeach otherQQQ... unti one of us gave up because the eyes hurt. 2. Fr $oring oved QQQ..Q.to us our mistakes and got rea y furious we didn!t pay attention to it. 3. Fy brothers fought a ot. We even had to QQQQthem QQQ.. ". We decided to QQQQ..Q.our o d houseQQQQ..and bui d a new one. #. 7ou know& ast year proved to be hard but I QQQQQQ.Q.somehow. *. 1ookE We need everybody. 1et!s stop >uarre ing and QQQQQQ S. I had butterf ies in my stomach before speaking to the boss& but then I QQQQQQQQ.and spoke in a ca m way. ;. I wonder how you can QQQQphone numbers of a the peop e in our company. 3. .re they discussing anything curious? A /ot rea y. 9hey!re @ust QQQQQQQQQQnothing.

#I+ Baraphrase the follo5ing sentences using voca*ulary notes+ 1. We!re g ad that 2enny is getting back. She a ways used to be a #erson you,re #lease! to see. 2' 9hese s>uirre s nee! a ot of attention from us A there!re sma and week. 3' 4eterson!s chi d has eyes that loo' in !ifferent !irections. "' Sorry& I !on,t un!erstan! you. #' Jeeping hea thy is the only im#ortant fact right now. *' $eing kind is her #articular quality. S' 7ou can!t allo* any(o!y to enter the ha . ;' -ve has a strong !esire to earn cyc ing. 3' I hate when somebody is #laying a -o'e on me. 1?' I!m rea y upset because Sean @ust too' su##ort from me a*ay. 11' 6an anyone se#arate those cocks? 9hey!re going to ki each other. 12' 9he e+perts decided to !estroy the (uil!ing& 13' Sam has thro*n me the (all lightly an! carelessly& 1"' Fom& I!m afraid to go to the dentistE A We & ta'e control of your emotions& dear& everything is going to be fine& I promise. 1#' I consider your i!ea to (e right. #II+ Ma)e up a story using no less than 2@ 5ord units from voca*ulary notes+

. segment of orange . crumb of bread %cake' . grain %a pinch' of sa t . speck of dust . f ake of snow . scrap %a shred' of paper %c oth' . sp inter %a s iver' of g ass . chip %f ake& sp inter& si ver' of stone %wood' . drop of water %oi & wine' . dash %s>uint& s>ueeDe' of emon @uice %oi ' Shivers S ack )ebris =ragment Wreckage %of the aircraft& of the ship' II+ Fill in the *lan)s 5ith appropriate 5ords+ 1. 6ou d you pass QQQQof bread& p ease? 2. 9hat QQof stone ooks rea y pretty. 3. I need QQof oi to remove that stain. ". 9hey found the QQQof aircraft the ne+t day. #. 1ookE It!s Q.QQ.of snow. *. 7ou!re se+& and I!ve got on y five Q...of orange. What sha we do? S. Honey& don!t forget to buy my favourite Q.of soapE ;. I!d ike a QQQ.bacon& p easeE 3. 9hey searched among the QQQQ.. after the e+p osion for " days. 1?. 9here must be not a QQQ.dust by the time I come back. 11. How much sa t do we need? A I guess& I QQ.of it is enough. 12. 9his QQof choco ate is too much for me& I! take @ust a QQ.of it. 13. )o you think the birds wi eat a those QQ...of bread we put there for them? 1". =or making a toast& you need a QQ.... of bread. 1#. 9hey broke the window and many QQ.of g ass were a around.

#'("/UL"!% I+ In the teDt you came across such 5ords as Epiece of hard pipeF0 Eshards of glassF+ $hey denote part of something+ Cere;re some other eDamples+ . piece of bread %paper& wood& c ay' . chunk of stone %wood' . chunk(hunk of bread %meat' . ump of coa %earth& c ay' . c od of earth . wad of cotton . b ock of stone %wood' . s ab of stone . s ice of bread %cake& meat' . rasher of bacon . bar of bread %paper& wood& c ay' . s>uare of choco ate

III+
Idiom all ears

/ody Idioms. /ody is the *asis of a large num*er of idioms+


Meaning fu y istening EDample Sentence 0ive me a minute to finish my work and then IR be all ears to hear about your pro@ect. 9odayRs the big game& eh? /rea) a leg1 Fy sister didnRt get cold feet unti she put her wedding gown on. 9hese cakes are de icious& but they cost an arm and a leg. I cried my heart out when my best friend moved away. I stayed out a night. When I eventua y got home I had to face the music from my wife.

head over heels head start

deep y in ove an ear ier start

Fy brother is head over heels for his new gir friend. 9he kids gave .nthony a head start in the bicyc e race because he was the youngest. I was in over my head when I agreed to babysit the trip ets and the dogs. IR )eep an eye on the dinner whi e youRre on the phone. Geep your chin up. IRm sure youR make some friends soon. I earned my mu tip ication tab es *y heart in the fourth grade. 0o to the cottage and let your hair do5n this weekend. )onRt worry& I wonRt te your mother how much you spent. My lips are sealed. It ma)es my *lood *oil when peop e donRt tie up their dogs. I heard that they might be opening a post office in our nec) of the 5oods soon.

*rea) a leg cold feet

good< uck nervous @ust before a big event

in over one2s head )eep an eye on )eep one2s chin up learn *y heart0 )no5 *y heart let one2s hair do5n (my) lips are sealed

taking on a task that you canRt hand e take care of& watch in order to protect try to be cheerfu memoriDe re a+& have fun promise to keep a secret makes me very angry nearby ocation or region

cost an arm and be very e+pensive a leg cry your heart out face the music cry very hard meet& stand up to unp easant conse>ences& for e+amp e criticism or punishment re ative te someone your prob ems he p %someone' do something be unaware or unrea istic about something

(my) flesh and *lood get something off one2s chest give a hand0 lend a hand have one2s head in the clouds

I have to hire Fia. SheRs my own flesh and *lood. 9hanks for istening to me comp ain about my boss. I @ust needed to get this off my chest. I can give you a hand when you move if you ike. .my has her head in the clouds if she thinks sheRs going to pass her e+ams without studying. ma)es my *lood *oil nec) of the 5oods (an) old hand over my dead *ody

an e+perienced person Fy unc eRs an old hand at car repair. HeR know what the prob em is. not un ess IRm dead and canRt stop you Fy daughter wants a tatoo. I to d her sheRd get one over my dead *ody.

1?

pat on the *ac) play something *y ear pull one2s leg rule of thum* see eye to eye (*y the) s)in of one2s teeth stic) your nec) out

recognition or a thank<you do something without a p an @oke or tease someone basic ru e %not a ways fo owed' agree @ust bare y he p someone a ot& with possib e bad conse>uences for onese f a ove of sugar or sweet things not very inte igent stop dea ing with an issue or prob em

9he party organiDers deserve a pat on the *ac) for a @ob we done. We donRt know if the weather wi be good enough for camping. WeR have to play it *y ear. I was @ust pulling your leg. IRm not rea y a po ice officer. 9he rule of thum* is that the students wear b ack pants and white shirts. 9he coup e donRt see eye to eye on how to train their pets. I passed my e+am *y the s)in of my teeth. I stuc) my nec) out for $essie when she was thrown out of her house.

2' I cut my own hair because the hairdresser costs QQQ. a' an arm and a eg b' an o d hand c' a ears d' neck of the woods 3' QQQQQI!m sure someone wi find your kitten. a' Fy ips are sea ed. b' See eye to eye. c' Stick your neck out. d' Jeep your chin up. "' I ove cotton candy. I have a sweetQ. a' taste b' mouth c' tongue d' tooth #' I!m @ust QQQ.your eg. I didn!t rea y dye my hair b ue. a' eating b' catching c' bringing d' breaking *' :n the weekends I ike to drink wine and Q. a' get a head start b' et my hair down c' keep an eye on d' get of my chest S' 1et!s get together in my Q.of the woods for once. a' head b' neck c' hand d' foot ;' We!re going away for the week. 6an you keep Q.on the house? a' a chin b' a neck c' an eye d' an ear 3' It makes my QQwhen peop e don!t c ear their snowy sidewa ks. a' hair grow b' teeth ache c' mouth drop d' b ood boi 1?' I wish his phone number by QQ a' mind b' nose c' heart d' eyes I#+ /eing In?ured+ In?uries can *e less or more serious+ a' 7our friend has a few marks on his body. Fatch the name of the mark with the e+p anation of its origin.
1. 9his $I9- on my eg 2. 9hese $1IS9-,S on my feet 3. 9his $,5IS- on my eye id ". 9his 659 on my thumb #. 9his 0,.T- on my knee *. 9his S6., on my be y S. 9his S6,.96H on my arm ;. 9his S4:9S on my cheeks 3.9his S9I/0 on my chin I got when I a' was operated on for appendicitis. b' went on a wa king tour in too tight shoes. c' was hit by my friend during our >uarre . d' fe down whi e running. e' suffered from meas es. f' was cutting onions with a sharp knife. g' was attacked by a fierce dog. h' was p aying with my cat. i' went to take some honey from

s5eet tooth thic) in the head 5ash one2s hands of something

I need three spoonfu s of sugar in my tea. I have a s5eet tooth. IRm a bit thic) in the head when it comes to reading a map. IRm 5ashing my hands of FaryRs addiction. She is going to have to get some professiona he p.

/ody Idioms Hui9 1. It was such a sad movie that I QQQQQ.. a' faced the music b' cried my heart out c' was in over my head d' got co d feet

11

the beehive.

b' Some in?uries can cause stopping your *ody from 5or)ing 5ell+ Co5 do you call a person 5hoI a) 5al)s in an uneven 5ay *ecause of in?uryJ *) is una*le to seeJ c) is una*le to hearJ #+ Khat;s the meaning of EeDpansiveFJ Khat;s the other 5ord that sounds the sameJ Find the difference *et5een the follo5ing 5ordsJ 1. ho e Awho e 2. oose A ose 3. human< humane ". mai Ama e #. pair A pare A pear A peer *. peace A piece S. >uiet A >uite ;. weather A whether 3. sai A sa e 1?. knead A need 11. witch A which 12. stea Asti <stee 13. suit A suite A sweet A sweat 1". rain A reign A rein 1#. vain A vane< vein A van Fill in the *lan)s 5ith appropriate 5ords+ 1. 9his huge QQQ..Qoccupies the QQ.Qwa . 2. QQQQ..chi d must be QQQQ. 3. 9his QQQ... is for the QQQQ....from .partment ". ". 9his shirt is Q..QQQ& don!t be afraid to Q.QQ. .it. #. . QQQ..of bandits QQQ. QQQ.. and QQ. in the windows. *. I need a QQQ.of wood to make QQQQQ. S. I!m not sure QQ..QQ.I ike this QQQQQQ.. ;. 9his QQis for QQQQQ. 3. 0randmothers QQQto QQQQQQ. 1?. 9he QQ.advised the king to make a QQQ. QQQ. not to QQ.. 11. I fe t in my QQ. that it wou d be QQ.to put a QQ.. on the QQQ.. 12. QQQ. QQQQ did you see? 13. Stephan and Stuard QQQ QQQ.. QQQ.

Fake up your own sentences with H storey A story& son A sun& weak A wek& right A write<rite& sin A scene A seen. What other words of the same kind do you know?

DIS(USSI'& :N-, 9: 7:5 1' What!re the reasons peop e have bad sight? 2' 4eop e of what profession(@ob wou d most probab y have prob ems with vision? Why? 3' When 9heo put on the g asses& the wor d came into focus& he cou d see precise y the edges of things& everything was co ourfu & sharp& bright and vivid. Have you %your friends& group mates etc.' ever e+perienced anything ike this? How did you fee ? Were your fee ings the same? "' .t twe ve& 9heo didn!t want to admit he needed g asses. Why do you think peop e %chi dren& teenagers& adu ts' sometimes aren!t fond of wearing g asses #' What!re the ways of correcting eye sight? Have you or anybody e se you know tried to correct her(his eye sight? How successfu was it? *' What can you advise a person having bad sight? S' Is there any diet peop e with bad vision shou d keep to? ;' )o you know any physica e+ercises for improving sight or making eyes re a+? 3' Shou d peop e with prob ems with sight drive a car? Why? 1?' What @obs re>uire near y idea eye vision? Why? 11' What do you know about $rai e a phabet? K!I$I& (omment on the follo5ing using specific reasons and eDamples to support your opinion+ 1. /one are as deaf as those who wi not hear. /one are as b ind as those who wi not see. 2. 1ove is a choice you make from moment to moment. %$arbara de .nge is' 3. $y the choices and acts of ours ives& we create the person that we are and the faces that we wear %Jenneth 4atton' 12

". What we ca the secret of happiness is no more a secret than our wi ingness to choose ife. %1eo $uscag ia' #. When choosing between two evi s& I a ways ike to try one I!ve never tried before. %Fae West'
/ody abdomen biceps e bow hip pa m thumb finger toe .dam!s app e bottom forearm knee shou der ank e breast groin nave thigh waist armpit ca f he nipp e throat wrist kidney ung iver heart brain intestine appendi+ tonsi s rib stomach @aw throat Diseases3Illnesses rheumatism rabies tetanus chicken po+ p ague food poisoning ptomaine poising whooping cough dysentery arthritis @aundice po io bronchitis coronary chi cancer diphtheria diabetes typhoid fever scar et fever eukemia stomachache(tummy<ache backache headache toothache earache eye ache sore throat a ergy u cer migraine anore+ia

.44-/)IU epi epsy se+ua y transmitted disease %S9)' venerea disease %N)' .ids HIN tumor ma ignant tumor comp ication epidemic outbreak infectious infection contagious acute a ergic chronic congenita fami ia metabo ic nutritiona psychosomatic immune immunity wipe out(eradicate %a disease' swe ing a fit shock para yDe curab e(incurab e %disease' bacteria germ unsanitary chi dbirth& de ivery& ying<in& confinement& accouchement In abour die in chi dbed

Drugs capsu es pi cream powder garg e serum @e y tab et otion vaccines oDenge ointment tonic in@ection remedy Kord EDpressions to fee smb!s pu se to write out a prescription %for pi s& etc. ' to go to a chemist!s %drugstore' to fo ow the doctor!s directions to catch %a' co d to have accident to be short of breath to e+amine a patient %smb!s throat& etc.' to breathe in deep y to consu t %see' a doctor to have a nervous breakdown to keep to a diet %of..'& to be on %go on'& fo ow a diet to have a prescription %medicine& mi+ture& tonic& etc. ' made up

13

to take medicine %a spoonfu of& etc. ' to be wrong with %one!s heart& ungs& etc. 'M to have smth. wrong with to be taken i %to fa i ' with to be aid up with to fee sick %and giddy' to fi smb!s tooth to have one!s tooth fi ed& to have a fi ing to pu %take' out a tooth A to have an e+traction to have one!s tooth pi ed out %taken ' out& e+tracted to be %have one!s teeth& chest& heart& etc. ' U<rayed to test smb!s b ood to have one!s b ood tested to test smb!s b ood pressure to have %to give' an in@ection %a need e' to have a heart attack to check smb!s heart& ungs& etc.M to sound smb.!s heart& ungs& etc. to be on sick eaveM to get sick eave to make an appointment with a doctor Hippocratic oath Hippocratic face !ecovery be(get better

get we recover %from smth' get over recovery cure recuperate conva esce recuperation conva escence fee up to make good progress be on the mend out of danger respond to smth Cospitals c inic maternity hospita menta hospita psychiatric hospita nursing home hospice ward casua ty%department' accident and emergency %department' %. and -' %operating' theatre intensive care mortuary(morgue

Specialists orthopedist pediatrician patho ogist gyneco ogist orthodontist ocu ist optician internist psychiatrist physiotherapist psycho ogist neuro ogist radio ogist dermato ogist cardio ogist geriatrician obstetrician Symptoms be ching co ic constipation cramp diarrhea diDDiness( to fee diDDy faint( to faint fatigue fever heartburn

hiccups indigestion inf ammation insomnia itch @aundice nausea neura gia pus rash to wheeDe <How did you break your arm? A)o you see those stairs over there? 7es We & I didn!t <)on!t you think& you!ve rather overcharged for attending 2immy when he had the meas es? < 7ou must remember& that it inc udes 22 visits. <7es& but you forget that he infected the who e schoo E

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