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20 mg i lozenge TID November 20, 2013s Po Expectorant Indications Mechanism of Action Adverse Effects Nursing considerations
Symptomatic relief of respiratory condition characterized by dry, nonproductive cough and in the presence of mucus in the respiratory tract.
Enhances the output of respiratory tract fluid by reducing the adhesiveness and surface tension of the fluid, facilitating the removal of viscous mucus.
1. Caution the patient not to use the medicati on for more than 1 week and to seek medical attention if the cough still persists. 2. Advise to eat in small frequent meals to alleviate
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Benzodiazepi ne
Acts in the limbic system and reticular formation to potentiate effects of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter; may act in spinal cord and supraspinal sites for sites to produce muscle relaxation
Mild dizziness Depressio n Lethargy Apathy Fatigue Restlessn ess Bradycard ia Incontinec e
some of the GI discomfo rt associat ed with these drugs. 1. Do not mix IV drug solution with any other drugs to avoid potential drugdrug interacti ons. 2. Maintain patients who receive parenter al benzodi azepine in bed for at
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least 3 hours. 3. Monitor patient respons e to drug. Epoetin Alfa November 20, 2013 600 IU 2x Weekly SC Erythropoetin Treatment of anemia associated with chronic renal failure; to reduce the need for allogenic blood transfusions Natural Glycoprotein that stimulates RBC production in the bone marrow Headache Arthralgia s Fatigue Asthenia Dizziness Hypertens ion Edema Chest pain Nausea Vomitin Diarrhea 1. Confirm the diagnosi s of the patient to ensure the proper use of medicati on 2. Do not mix with other drug solution, to avoid incompa tibilities 3. Arrange for hematoc
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rit reading before the drug administ ration to determin e the correct dosage. 4. Maintain seizure precauti on on standby. 5. Monitor for adverse effects. Folic Acid Itab OD November 19, 2013 po Folic Acid Derivatives Treatment of megaloblastic anemia due tosprue, nutritional deficiency Reduced form of folic acid, required for nucleoprotein synthesis and maintenance of normal erythropoiesis Allergic reaction Pain Discomfor t
1. Monitor
readings before and periodic ally during treatmen t. 3. Monitor for adverse effects. Furosemide November 19, 2013 40 mg itab IV q 12 Loop Diuretic Treatment of edema associated with CHF, acute pulmonary edema and hypertension Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the proximal and distal renal tubules and the loop of Henle, leading to a sodium-rich diuresis Dizziness Vertigo Paresthesi as Blurred vision Hypotensi on Phlebitis Urticarial Nausea Vomiting Urinary bladder spasm 1. Continuo usly monitor urinary output, cardiac respons e and heart rhythm. 2. Monitor the dose carefully and reduce the dosage if given
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with antihype rtensive agents. 3. Monitor patients respons e to drug (BP, Urinary output, weight, serum electrolyt e) to evaluate effective ness of the drug and monitor adverse effects. 4. Provide potassiu m-rich diet to maintain electrolyt e balance.
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Itab TID Po
Maintain acidbase balance, is otonicity, and electrophysiologi c balance of the cell. Activator in many enzymatic reactions; essential to transmission of nerve impulses; contraction of cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle; gastric secretion; renal function; tissue synthesis; and carbohydrate metabolism.
1. Monitor pulse, blood pressure , and ECG periodic ally. 2. Monitor serum potassiu m before and periodic ally during therapy. 3. Monitor renal function, serum bicarbon ate, and pH. 4. Administ er with or after meals to decreas
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e GI irritation. 5. Report dark, tarry, or bloody stools; weaknes s; unusual fatigue; or tingling of extremiti es. 6. Notify healthca re professi onal if nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or stomach discomfo rt persists. 7. Monitor for
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Itab TID Po
Ketoanalogue Prevention and s treatment of conditions Essential caused Amino Acids bymodified or insufficient protein metabolism in chronic renal failure
Normalizes metabolic process, promotes recycling product exchange.Reduc es ion concentration of potassium, magnesium and phosphate.
1.
2.
3.
4.
hyperkal emia. Take drug as prescrib ed Warn the patient about possible side effects and how to recog nize them Give with food if GI upset occurs Frequent ly assess for hypercal cemia
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Gastrointestin Relief of acute al stimulants and chronic diabetic gastroparesis; short-term treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disorder in adults who cannot tolerate standard therapy
Stimulates movement of the upper GI tract without stimulating gastric, pancreatic, or biliary secretions; appears to sensitize tissues to the effects of acetylcholine
1. Monitor blood pressure carefully to detect sudden drop in blood pressure 2. Monitor diabetic patients in order to arrange alteratio n in insulin dose or timing as appropri ately. 3. Monitor for adverse effects.
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Used for treatment of metabolic acidosis, certain drug intoxications, to minimize uric acid crystallization; Symptomatic relief of upset stomach from hyperacidity; prophylaxis for GI bleeding and stress ulcers;
Neutralizes or reduces gastric acidity, resulting in an increase gastric pH, which inhibits the proteolytic activity of pepsin
Gastric rupture Systemic alkalosis Hypokale mia Gastric acid rebound Weaken Irritability Tetany confusion
1. have patients to chew tablets thorough ly and follow with water to ensure therapeu tic levels reach the stomach to decreas e acid 2. Periodic ally monitor serum electrolyt e to evaluate drug effects. 4. Assess patient
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Electrolyte
Chloride deficiency due to dieresis or salt restrictions; prevention or treatment of extracellular volume depletion
Sodium is the major cation of the bodys extracellular fluid. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the fluid and electrolyte balance.
Hypernatr emia hypopotas semia, acidosis CHF, overhydrat ion, acute pulmonary edema
1.
2.
3.
4.
for any signs of acidbase or electrolyt e imbalanc e. Monitor electrolyt es, ECG, liver and renal function studies Note level of consciou sness. Assess the heart and lung sound. Observe S&S of hypernat remia, flushed skin, elevated
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5.
3.
100 mg I tab OD Po
Replacement/ Substitution in diminished or absent function. Replacement in deficiency states with restored hormonal imbalance.
6.
7.
temperat ure, rough dry tongue, and edema Monitor V/S and I&O. Assess urine specific gravity and serum sodium levels Confirm diagnosi s of the patient to ensure proper use of medicati on. Monitor patient for any
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