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Bordeaux counts for one third of the good quality french wine (AO ! crus bourgeois! crus class"s#. $he wines are so good there that a Bordeaux ranking is needed to classify the best of the best. %ome of them are uni&ersal' (argaux! )quem! *"trus! he&al Blanc! +aut Brion and all the others. Bordeaux has about ,!--- chateaux . $he most basic information on the wine of Bordeaux are' Location: Size: Size of the vineyards: Grapes in Bordeaux: In the south west of France, near the Atlantic coast, around the city of Bordeaux 10 725 km2 (si
e of the !ironde de"artment# !ironde $ where Bordeaux is $ is the %i&&est de"artment in France
(erlot (50) of Bordeaux wines# *a%ernet$+au,i&non (2-)# *a%ernet$Franc (10)# +.millon (/)# +au,i&non (0)# /50 million %ottles
25) of all A1* in France
Full$%ody red wine ("omerol# (edium$%ody red wine (%ordeaux aoc# 2ry white wine (entre deux mers# +weet white wine (%arsac and sauternes# Bordeaux Wine and food: 1ysters 3auillac 4am% 2uck with mushrooms
Mdoc $he Mdoc is situated north of the town of Bordeaux! on the left bank of the /ironde. Mdoc is di&ided in two parts! the HautMdoc in the south! near the town! and the north part traditionally called Mdoc.0ines from Mdoc are red. $hey are delicate!
medium colored! they are fine and elegant1 often tannic when young! harmonious and splendid when matured./rands crus class"s in ("doc count for 234 of the &ineyards! 2-4 of the production and about 3-4 of the sales. +owe&er none sells under the ("doc appellation but +aut-("doc! *auillac! (argaux! %aint 5ulien! %aint6st7phe and hateau +aut-Brion in *essac 8"ognan.
5 to 10 years 200', 2000, 188/, 1885 1ak :ed fruits +"ices 9anilla :ed meat :oasted %eef ;am :a%%it in mustard sauce
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Haut-Mdoc Haut-Mdoc is actually south of the the ("doc region. 3 /rands rus lass"s (/reat /rowths# are based in +aut-("doc. All the others are in the ad9acent and smaller in si:e appellations' *auillac! (argaux! %aint 5ulien! %aint 6st7phe. Haut-Mdoc - such as in ("doc - is a land of red wine. $hey are generous! not too powerful red wines with a delicate bouquet of &anilla and black fruits.
Appellation:
A""ellation ;aut$(.doc *ontrol.e 5 !rands *rus *lass.s in ;aut$(.doc (any *rus Bour&eois +outh of (.doc
+aint 4aurent du (.doc, A,ensan, (acau, +aint +eurin de *adourne, etc
!ra,els, clay *layey$limestone 0,270 ha (10,500 acres# A%out 000 ,ine &rowers= '- million %ottles *a%ernet +au,i&non, (erlot, *a%ernet Franc, 3etit 9erdot, (al%ec
5 to 10 years and more 200', 2000, 188/, 1885 2ried cherry Berry fruits Barnyard
Aro$as:
9anilla &ood: 9eal 3oultry :a%%it *antal Fourme d>Am%ert +aint 6ectaire
'heese:
Margaux Margaux lays on a soil of white gra&es - a special kind of gra&el brought from the mountains by the ri&er . Margaux (also a female name in France# is the quintessence of the terroir and of the winemaker;s work. $hat is probably the reason why the best ch<teaux produce also the best wines.=n Margaux! h<teau (argaux produces the most delicate wine of the ("doc. $hey are >? /rands rus lass"s (great growths# in (argaux. Margaux wines ha&e a full-fla&ored bouquet and a magnificent elegance.
A"e:
5 to 25 years
Vinta"es:
#reco$$ended%
200', 2000, 188/, 1885, 1880, 18/8, 18/-, 18/2 :ed fruits @oast *offee @ruffle :oasted duck !ame 3artrid&e and feathered &ame +"are ri%s
Aro$as:
Saint-Estphe Saint-Estphe is a true @terroir@ wine. $he influence of the soil! gra&els as usual and more clays than in ("doc! can be experienced when tasting a Saint-Estphe wine. Although *auillac is 9ust closeby! %aint-6st7phe wines are different. Saint-Estphe wines are &ery colored! earthy! firm! robust and tannic. $hey reach their maturity slower than other ("doc wines.Saint-Estphe hosts 3 /rands rus lass"s (great growths# such as h<teau (ontrose and h<teau os d;6stournel
Appellation:
5 !rands *rus *lass.s A""ellation +aint$<stA"he *ontrol.e A%out 50 crus %our&eois 6orth "art of (.doc, close to 3auillac +aint$<stA"he !ra,el *lay +and 1,200 ha (',000 acres# 155 ,ine &rowers
Location: Places:
Soil:
Size: Vineyards:
5 to '0 years and e,en more B 200', 2000, 188-, 1885, 1880, 18/-, 18/', 1870 Black currant :ed fruits @oast :ed meat !ame
Aro$as:
Pauillac Pauillac is maybe the best appellation of Bordeaux with three premiers grands crus class"s (>st great growth# out of 3. *auillac has >? grands crus class"s in total. $he great ch<teaux of Pauillac are h<teau 8afite! h<teau 8atour and h<teau (outonAothschild.Pauillac wines generally ha&e a lot of body! tannic and acid when they are young1 they ha&e an opulent bouquet with aromas of blackcurrant and cedar when they age.
115 ,ine &rowers /=5 million %ottles *a%ernet +au,i&non, (erlot, *a%ernet Franc, 3etit 9erdot
10 to 25 years 200', 2000, 188/, 1885, 1880, 18/8, 18/-, 18/2 Black currant *edar :ed meat :ed meat &ame Foie &ras (ushroom dishes
Aro$as:
Saint- ulien 5ust a little bit less powerful than *auillac and rustic than %aint6st7phe! Saint- ulien wines are &ery aromati:ed. $hey are harmonious and well balanced red wines. %aint-5ulien is the right balance between *auillac and (argaux.Saint- ulien has >> /rands rus lass"s (great growths#. $he quality is so good in %aint-5ulien! that second wines from those ch<teaux are &ery attracti&e.
800 ha (2,200 acres# 2- ,ineyards -=5 million %ottles *a%ernet +au,i&non, (erlot, *a%ernet Franc
10 to 15 years 200', 2000, 188/, 1885, 1880, 18/8 Black currant *ocoa *edar %ox 4am% !ame ;am :a%%it in mustard sauce <dam !ouda
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'heese:
!istrac !istrac is more distant from a ri&er and from the ocean than any other Bordeaux appellations. At the beginning of the last century! 8istrac was one of the largest appellation in ("doc. $he traditional link between !istrac and (oulis should not pre&ail. Actually! the wine is closer to %aint-6st7phe. 8istrac produces &igorous and tannic red wines.
A""ellation 4istrac *ontrol.e 22 crus %our&eois in 4istrac In the (.doc, 6orth of (oulis 4istrac$(.doc
4imestone *layey$limestone 700 ha 80 domains and chateaux 5 million %ottles *a%ernet +au,i&non and (erlot, *a%ernet Franc
u" to 10 years 200', 2000, 188/, 1885 Black currant ?oody 4icorice :oasted duck :umsteak, @ournedos +"are ri%s +aint 6ectaire <dam !ouda
Aro$as:
&ood:
Moulis Moulis name is coming from @moulin@ (french word for windmill#. =ndeed nowadays! three ancient mills are still &iewable in (oulis. Moulis produces a &el&ety red wine! less tannic than 8istrac. (oulis is ready to drink sooner than other ("doc wines.
A""ellation (oulis *ontrol.e *rus Bour&eois *loser to the Atlantic, in the west "art of ;aut$(.doc (oulis en (.doc !ra,els
*layey$limestone Size: Vineyards: Production: Grapes in Moulis: 550 ha (1,'00 acres# 02 "ro"erties 0=2 million %ottles *a%ernet +au,i&non, (erlot, *a%ernet Franc
' to / years and more 200', 2000, 188/ Black currant :ed fruits 9iolet 4icorice :oasted &uinea fowl Feathered &ame
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Moulis Wine *amem%ert and 'heese: +aint 6ectaire <dam !ouda "ra#es $he area of "ra#es gets its name from the soil. /ra&es are a mix of gra&els! clay and sand carried out by the ri&er. /ra&es appellation is located 9ust outside the town of Bordeaux. $he red wines of "ra#es are recogni:able by their garnet-red color! rich! attracti&e and more robust than the other ("doc wines. $wo third of "ra#es wines are white. Among the best white wines in Bordeaux! they are generally fresh! fruity and dry (some time half-dry#. $he appellation of @/ra&es sup"rieurs@ is strictly reser&ed to sweet white wines.
+outh of Bordeaux Illats, (a Ares, 3ortets, etc !ra,es5 &ra,els, clay and sand from the mountains carried out
%y the ri,er
22 million %ottles
:ed5 (erlot, *a%ernet +au,i&non, *a%ernet Franc ?hite5 +.millon, +au,i&non, (uscadelle
:o%ust medium to full$%ody red wine Type of !ine: <le&ant dry white wine
Also a sweet white wine
A"e:
:ed5 - to 20 years ?hite5 ' to 12 years :ed5 200', 2000, 188/, 1885, 1880, 18/8, 18/-, 18/5 ?hite5 200', 2001, 1888, 188-, 1885 :ed5 :ed fruits *innamon Black currant
Vinta"es:
#reco$$ended%
Aro$as: ?hite5 Flowery (lime$flower# 3assion fruits A"ricot :ed5 :oasted "ork (edallion of ,eal :oasted duck ?hite5 4o%ster 'heese and Graves !ines: :ed5 Beaufort :o7uefort ?hite5 *antal *rottin de *ha,i&nol
&ood:
:o7uefort 9alencay Pessac !ognan $he famous @clairets@ wine was made first in Pessac !ognan. Pessac !ognan was detached from the /ra&es appellation. Borth of the /ra&es! *essac 8"ognan tends to get closer and closer to ("doc. $he terroir in *essac 8"ognan is quite exclusi&e. Aed wines from Pessac !ognan ha&e a powerful bouquet. $hey are among the best in Bordeaux. )ou will find +aut-Brion in *essac 8"ognan. 0hite wines are well-structured and can age in a cellar. After 3 years they begin to express rich aromas.
Type of !ine:
:ed5 200', 2000, 188/, 1885, 1880, 18//, 18/5 ?hite5 2001, 188/, 188-, 1885, 1880 :ed5 :ed fruits :i"en fruits *ocoa ?hite5
Aro$as:
1ran&e "ills Boxwood 3assion fruits :ed wine5 :oast lam% 3oultry ?hite wine5 Fish :ed wine5 Beaufort ?hite wine5 *antal *rottin de *ha,i&nol :o7uefort 9alencay
Sauternes Sauternes is famous for sweet wines such as )quem! Aaymond8afon and Aieussec. $hey are among the best dessert wines in the world. Sauternes is made with noble rot (also called botrytis! a moisture co&ering the grape#! Because soils are so di&erse! and each house has its own way of making the golden wine! %auternes is a &ery personali:ed wine. Sauternes are often delicious! golden! unctuous and delicate. $he famous roasted note comes when %auternes is a little bit older. Sauternes has its own ranking shared with Barsac.
Soil:
Size: Production:
Grapes:
A"e: Vinta"es:
#reco$$ended%
5 to '5 years
sometimes more than 100 years
200', 2001, 1880, 18/8, 18//, 18/-, 18/', 18/1, 187;oney 2ried "inea""le 6uts Foie !ras As"ara&us 4o%ster @rout Bleu d>Au,er&ne Fourme d>Am%ert 4i,arot :o7uefort
Aro$as:
Barsac =n the southern part of the Bordeaux region! Barsac is famous for outstanding sweet wines such hateau limens and hateau outet. Barsac is among the best dessert wines in the world. =n Barsac! wine growers ha&e the choice to market their wine under the Barsac AO or %auternes AO . =t means that all Barsac wines could also be %auternes wines while %auternes wines cannot wear Barsac on their label. Barsac is maybe a little bit less liquorous and more fruity than %auternes.
Appellation:
Location: Places:
50 km ('1 miles# south$east of Bordeaux, alon& the left %ank of the !aronne ri,er Barsac
!ra,els, red sand *layey$limestone /'0 ha (2,050 acres# 1=/ million %ottles +au,i&non +.millon (uscadelle
more than 50 years 200', 2001, 1887, 1885, 1880, 18/8, 18//, 18/', 187-, 18-1 ;oney 2ried fi& Acacia Foie !ras As"ara&us 4o%ster @rout Bleu d>Au,er&ne Fourme d>Am%ert 4i,arot :o7uefort
Aro$as:
Premires $%tes de Bordeaux &'irst $%tes of Bordeaux( O&erlooking the /aronne ri&er! Premires $%tes de Bordeaux starts %outh of Bordeaux city to adillac. *remi7res Ctes de Bordeaux is more and more a red wine appellation although all kind of wines are produced there. $he best dry white wine are sold under the Bordeaux AO label. $he best sweet wine under the adillac appellation. $he red wines of *remi7res Ctes de Bordeaux are colorful and strong. %ome of them are excellent.
Places:
Soil:
20 million %ottles
:ed5 *a%ernet +au,i&non, *a%ernet Franc and (erlot, 3etit 9erdot, (al%ec, *armenAre ?hite5 +.millon, +au,i&non, (uscadelle
A"e: Vinta"es:
#reco$$ended%
' to 7 years
(red wine#
200', 2000 :ed fruits Black fruits +"ices :ed meat Beefsteak ?hite5 *heddar
Aro$as:
&ood: 'heese:
ontrol"e#
$he Bordeaux AO appellation alone counts for about 234 of the total AO wine production in France. Bordeaux AO wines are coming from e&erywhere in the Bordeaux wine region. $he appellation roughly co&ers /ironde department. $he quality of both red and white wine depends &ery much on the wine maker talent and on the quality of the grapes. =t means that the quality &aries from &ery disappointing wines to excellent bargain chateaux. $he Bordeaux sup"rieur appellation grow on the same soils. Aed wines may ha&e a higher quality and can age better.
9arious 58,000 ha (150,000 acres# :ed5 000 million %ottles ?hite5 75 million %ottles
:ed wine5 (erlot, *a%ernet +au,i&non, *a%ernet Franc and (al%ec, *armenAre, 3etit 9erdot ?hite wine5 +au,i&non, +.millon, (uscadelle and G&ni %lanc, *olom%ard, (erlot %lanc, (au ac, 1ndenc
?ell$%alanced red wine to drink youn& 6er,ous and fruity dry white wine
Fresh and fruity ros. wine
2 to 5 years :ed5 200', 2000 ?hite5 200', 2001, 2000 :ed fruits 9anilla !rilled Bread :ed5 :ed meat 3at. ?hite5 1nion tart (ussels
Aro$as:
@omme de +a,oie 9alencay Entre-+eux-Mers &,et-een-t-o-seas( Entre +eux Mers is not exactly between two seas but actually between two ri&ers' Dordogne and /aronne. Entre-+eux-Mers produce a &ery good dry white wine. 0ine makers prefer to keep their best grapes for 6ntre-Deux-(ers instead of Bordeaux AO . +owe&er because of the compact soil! this is not the best place to grow &ines in Bordeaux.
Type of !ine: Fresh and fruity dry white wine A"e: Vinta"e:
#reco$$ended%
1 to ' years 2rink youn& 200' !ra"efruit 4itchi 3each 1ysters (recommended# +hellfish
Aro$as:
As"ara&us A,ocado Fro& le&s +ole (euniAre 'heese: :o7uefort Saint-Emilion Saint-Emilion is the oldest wine area of the Bordeaux region. The UNESCO organization recognized the great terroir of Saint Emilion and put the site on the World eritage !ist. Saint Emilion wines are considered the most ro"ust of the Bordeaux. The# are generous$ %er# colored$ and reach their maturit# &uic'er than other red Bordeaux. $he classification in %t-6milion is complex. Do not confuse %t.-6milion-/rand- ru and %t.-6milion-/rand- ru- lass" fewer and much better.
Appellation:
+aint <milion !rand *ru *lass. A""ellation +aint <milion !rand *ru *ontrol.e A""ellation +aint <milion *ontrol.e 2ordo&ne ,alley +aint <milion and / ,illa&es around 4imestone *layey$limestone !ra,els (in *he,al Blanc# 5,500 ha (1',-00 acres# '- million %ottles
1nly red wine
Location: Places:
Soil:
Type of !ine: Full$%ody red wine Best a"e for a Saint )$ilion Wine: Vinta"es:
Saint()$ilion A-'5 ' to / years Saint()$ilion Grand 'ru5 5 to 12 years Saint()$ilion Grand 'ru 'lass 5 15 to 25 years and more
#reco$$ended%
Aro$as:
(ushrooms Bird &ame Saint )$ilion +almon and &ood: +auerkraut +"are ri%s :oasted lam% Saint )$ilion *antal and 'heese: *omt. 1ssau$Iraty :e%lochon @omme de +a,oie $%tes de $astillon $his recent appellation is rising. $%tes de $astillon gi&es an excellent priceEquality ratio as new wine makers are settling down to make among the most interesting wines in the Bordeaux region today. All wines from Ctes de astillon may also carry the regional appellations of @Bordeaux@ or @Bordeaux sup"rieur@.
:i&ht %ank of the 2ordo&ne ri,er +t (a&ne de *astillon, *astillon la Batille and 7 other ,illa&es +andy &ra,els and clay *layey$limestone 2,800 ha (7,500 acres#
(ost of the domains are less than 10 ha
(25 acres#
22 million %ottles
6o white wine
Aro$as:
'/tes de !rilled red meat 'astillon and +"are ri%s &ood: @urkey 4e& of lam% '/tes de 'astillon and *antal 'heese: +alers @omme de +a,oie $%tes de 'rancs lose to %aint 6milion and Ctes de astillon! $%tes de 'rancs is one of the highest &ineyard in Bordeaux. Ctes de Francs takes ad&antage of the lowest rain in the area and a soil rich in clay and limestone. Ctes de Francs is a full-fla&ored red wine.
Francs, +aint *i%ard, @ayac *layey$limestone 080 ha (1,200 acres# '=- million %ottles
Almost 100) red wine
'/tes de &rancs:
0 to / years 200', 2000, 188/ Black currant 4icorice :ed meat *antal +alers
Pomerol 0ith ?-- ha (less than 2!--- acres# Pomerol is the smallest wine producing area in the Bordeaux region. Actually! *omerol is more a community where the &ineyards are family-shared. A ranking is not warmly welcome. )ou will not find typical huge Bordeaux chateaux as in the ("doc area. +owe&er *omerol hosts one of the most famous of all' *"trus. $he *omerol wine can be more robust than others in Bordeaux. $hey ha&e an exclusi&e &el&ety quality. *omerol is at its &ery best when the bottle reaches the age of >3.
Alon& the Isle ri,er 3omerol, 4i%ourne, etc 9ery di,erse from &ra,els to clay (in 3.trus# /00 ha
less than 2,000 acres
+tron& %ou7uet
A"e: Vinta"es:
#reco$$ended%
200', 2000, 188/, 1885, 1880, 18/8, 18/5 ?ell$ri"en red fruits 4icorice 2ried fruits !ame 3artrid&e 9eal :oasted turkey 3ears in wine *antal *omt. (aroilles 1ssau$Iraty +aint$6ectaire 4an&res
Aro$as:
'ronsac 'ronsac wine region is a lo&ely area of hills along the Dordogne and l;=sle ri&ers! west of %aint Fmilion. Gntil the >Hth centuries! 'ronsac wine was one of the most popular in the region. (erlot is the most important grape gi&ing to the wine body and richness although the wine keeps a strong personality.
;ills alon& 2ordo&ne and l>Isle ri,ers Fronsac, +t (ichel de Fronsac, +aillans, etc *lay I 4imestone 1,200 ha (',000 acres# - million %ottles
*anon$Fronsac5 2 million %ottles
Grapes in &ronsac:
2 to10 years 200', 2000, 188/, 1885 ?oody :ed fruits 9anilla !rilled red meat Feathered &ame :a%%it in mustard sauce ?hite meat 3ears with wine *antal *omt. (aroilles :e%lochon +aint$6ectaire 4an&res
Aro$as:
$%tes de Bourg $%tes de Bourg is located on the right bank of the Dordogne at the point where it meets the /ironde ri&er. %outh of Blaye! the small appellation around the &illage of Bourg produces a better mediumbody red wine than its neighbor. $he wine from $%tes de Bourg is quite tannic with strong aromas of red fruits.
A"e: Vinta"es:
#reco$$ended%
2 to 5 years 200', 2000 :ed fruits !rilled red meat 9eal, @urkey +ausa&e, 3at. *omt. 4a&uiole (or%ier :e%lochon
Aro$as:
&ood: