Type of Aphasia Anomic Aphasia

Fluent or Nonfluent fluent

Conversational Speech Fluent, normal utterance length and well-formed sentences Fluent with normal utterance length !ut has paraphasias

Auditory comprehension Good for everyday conversation, difficulty with complex syntax Good for casual conversation, difficult with complex syntax

Repetition preserved

Naming Impairment is hallmark

Lesion Location Acute outside perisylvian zona (angular gyrus or inferior temporal region), chronic- perisylvian area, posterior tempolateral region "osterior perisylvian lesions affecting supramarginal gyrus in parietal lo!e and arcuate fasciculus

onduction Aphasia

fluent

#ranscortical sensory aphasia (#c$A) )ernic*e+s aphasia

fluent

Fluent

#ranscortical motor aphasia (#c-A) 0roca+s aphasia

.onfluent

Fluent with normal utterance length, !ut semantic paraphasias, anomia Fluent, easily articulated speech of normal utterance length, semantic and phonemic paraphasias, ver!al output excessive and rapid !ut empty ,ittle attempt to produce spontaneous speech, mute, speech is reduced in length $low, halting speech production, utterances are of reduced length with simple grammar Conversational Speech

Significantly impaired

Impairment is hallmark, good spontaneous speech, paraphasias during repetition "reserved

Always impaired

$everely impaired

Severely impaired at single-word level, difficulty with complex syntax and multi-step commands, unaware of ina!ility to produce coherent speech Good for most conversational interaction, difficulty with complex syntax Good for conversational speech, difficulty with complex syntax Auditory comprehension

$ignificantly defective, cannot even repeat single words

"araphasic and severe anomia

%xtrasylvian regions involving "&# 'unction region( posterior and deep to )ernic*e+s area( sensory info doesn+t reach language areas ,arge posterior perisylvian lesions encompassing )ernic*e+s area and extending superiorly into inferior parietal region

"reserved, !ut a!sence of spontaneous speech ,imited to single words and short phrases

/elatively preserved

.onfluent

Type of Aphasia

Fluent or Nonfluent

Repetition

1mpaired to some degree, especially for low fre2uency words Naming

%xtrasylvian regions of left frontal lo!e( dorsolateral frontal lesions located anterior or superior to 0roca+s area, supplementary motor areas, cingulate gyrus 0roca+s area causes transient disruption of speech production and fluency( persistent 0roca+s aphasia from larger perisylvian lesions encompassing more of the left frontal lo!e Lesion Location

-ixed transcortical aphasia (-#cA), isolation syndrome perisylvian zone disconnected from extrasylvian regions

nonfluent

-eaningful ver!al expression is severely limited or a!sent, inappropriate repetition of what other say

-ar*edly impaired at single-word level

"reserved, although repetition occurs without comprehension

$ignificantly impaired

3iffuse4mulitfocal lesions resulting in anatomic isolation of perisylvian language from surrounding cortical areas (periphery of middle cere!ral artery distri!ution)

Other Aphasias - su cortical regions include thalamic aphasia, !asal ganglia aphasia, surrounding white matter aphasia ! associated with dementia( Al"heimer#s disease language deterioration follows progressive course !eginning with anomic aphasia transcortical sensory aphasia )ernic*e+s aphasia glo!al aphasia - primary progressive aphasia $%%A& progressive language deterioration without significant dementia