Fall 2013 Chem 12A Nguyen

Introduction to Microscale

Part 1: Heating Methods In groups of three, come up with a method to compare and contrast the three different heating methods from the manual. Devise an experiment (must be approved by instructor first) in which you try to achieve the same temperature of your liquid inside the conical flask and thermometer from your kit so that you can compare the ease of heating liquids/solvents from the different methods. As your post lab discussion write-up, I want you to specify the details of your procedures exactly for each of the three experiments and explain the advantages and disadvantages of each of the three baths. Are baths easy to handle? Which heats up fastest? Which has better control maintaining desired temperature? List in the advantages the circumstances in which you might use each different heating bath.

Part 2: We will measure solids and liquids by analytical balance as needed, but will not be using automatic pipets in this course. We will have graduated plastic pipets, to be used on this occasion. We will do for Laboratory Exercise 1 option C only (water only no hexane). Do this three times. For your post lab discussion, calculate the density of water from your three results and calculate the average density as well as the Relative Average Deviation (% error of average deviation). Make comments about your RAD.

Part 3: Laboratory exercise 2---go on to calibrate for your group ONE glass Pasteur pipet with markings for .5 and 1.0 mL for the semester. Use black permanent sharpie pens to mark your .5mL and 1.0mL mark for your both pipets (and remember to keep re-inking it through semester as some organics may rinse off your markings). You will keep this as reference (never to be used in experiments) that you can place a different new Pasteur pipet next to it to mark .5 or 1.0mL to be used in your real experiments (as all pipets are accurate enough to be done in this manner). Sometimes it is better to use glass as it does not react with some organics as the plastic graduated pipets might. Additionally, after emptying your calibrated pipet, immerse in water and draw up to the 0.5mL mark and place into a preweigh vial. Record water weight of 0.5mL. For your post lab, determine weight of water (experimental)and compare it to the weight it is supposed to have(true value) through density calculations (look up in CRC) and determine percent error of your mark at 0.5mL as compared with expected value. Make comments about your error. Note: Extraction will be done at later date and other useful techniques with microspatulas will be taught in near future.