PHY126 HW Set 1 (Chap.

10)
Problem 10.46
Description: You rev your car's engine and watch the tachometer climb steadily from 1200 rpm to 5500 rpm in 27 s. (a) What is the angular acceleration of the engine? (b) What is the tangential acceleration of a point on the edge of the engine's 3.5cm-diameter... to 5500 in 2.7 You rev your car's engine and watch the tachometer climb steadily from 1200 . Solution (a)

av = / t = (5500 1200) rpm/27 s = 1590 rpm/s = 167 s -1 = , if angular acceleration is

assumed to be constant (see Eq.10.4.)
(b)

a t = r = (167 s -2 )(3.5 cm/2) = 2.92 m/s 2 (see Eq.10.5.)

(c)

= (1 / 2)( 0 + f )t = (1 / 2)(1200 + 5500) rmp(2.7/60 ) min = 151 rev (see Eq.10.6.)

Problem 10.49
Description: A pulley 12 cm in diameter R is free to rotate about a horizontal axle. A 220-g mass (m2) and a 470-g mass (m1) are tied to either end of a massless string, and the string is hung over the pulley. If the string does not slip, what torque must be applied to keep the pulley from rotating? Solution If the pulley and string are not moving (no rotation and no slipping) the net torque on the pulley is zero, and the tension in the string on either side are equal to the weights tied on either end. The torques due to the tensions have a magnitude TR=mgR but are in opposite directions. Therefore,

net = m1 gR m 2 gR = (0.47 kg - 0.22 kg)(9.8 m/s 2 )(0.06 m) = 0.147 N m.

Problem 10.55
Description: A space station is constructed in the shape of a wheel 22 in diameter, with essentially mass at the rim. Once the station is completed, it is set rotating at a rate that all of its 5.0105 requires an object at the rim to have radial acceleration , thereby simulating Earth's surface gravity. This is accomplished using two small rockets, each with 100 the station. Part A How long will it take to reach the desired spin rate? Express your answer using two significant figures. thrust, that are mounted on the rim of

Part B How many revolutions will the station make in this time? Express your answer using two significant figures.

Solution (a) The angular acceleration of the ring about the axis perpendicular to the ring and through its center is

= / I = 2 FR /( MR 2 ) = 2 F /( MR). Starting from rest (0=0), it would take time

t = / = g / R [MR /( 2 F )] = 9.8 m/s 2 / 11 m (5 10 5 kg)(11 m)/2/(100 N) = 2.60 10 4 s = 7.21 h
2

to reach a final angular speed (we used g = R.) (b) The angular displacement during this time interval may be obtained by using Eq.10.8:

= 0 + 0 t + (1 / 2 )t 2 . Therefore

0 = (1 / 2)t 2 = (1 / 2)t = (1 / 2) g / Rt = 1.23 10 4 rad = 1953 rev.

Problem 10.62
Description: A hollow ball is rolling along a horizontal surface at 3.7 m/s when it encounters an upward incline. If it rolls without slipping up the incline, what maximum height will it reach?

Solution If the ball rolls without slipping and we define potential energy to be zero at the inclines base, then the purely kinetic initial energy is (1 / 2) I cm + (1 / 2) Mv cm . The final energy is all potential at the highest
2 2

point on the incline with a value of Mgh. Setting the two equal gives:
2 Mgh = (1 / 2) I cm 2 + (1 / 2) Mv cm . With I cm = ( 2 / 3) MR 2 and = vcm / R , this

becomes Mgh = (1 / 2)( 2 / 3) MR (v cm / R ) + (1 / 2) Mv cm = (5 / 6) Mv cm . With v cm = 3.7 m/s

2 2 2 2

h = 1.16 m.

Problem 10.68
Description: A solid marble starts from rest and rolls without slipping on the loop-the-loop track shown in the figure. Find the minimum starting height of the marble from which it will remain on the track through the loop. Assume the marble radius is small compared with R.

. Solution

The CM of the marble travels in a circle of radius R-r inside the loop-the-loop, so at the top, mg + n = mv 2 /( R r ). To remain in contact with the track n 0 or v 2 g ( R r ). If we assume that energy is conserved between the initial position of the marble (A) and 2 , we the top of the loop-the-loop (B), and use K A = 0 and K B = (1 + 2 / 5)(1 / 2)mv B 2 find U A + K A = mg (h + r ) = U B + K B = mg (2 R r ) + (7 / 10)mv B 2 or h = 2( R r ) + 7 / 10(v B / g ) 2( R r ) + (7 / 10)( R r ) = 2.7( R r ).