NEBOSH NEBOSH INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMA IN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

Unit IA: International management of health and safety

TUESDAY 2 JULY 2013 3 hours, 0930 to 1230
10 minutes reading time is allowed before the start of this examination. You may not write anything during this period.

Answer both Section A and Section B

SECTION A
This section contains six questions. Answer ALL SIX questions. All questions carry equal marks. The maximum marks for each question, or part of a question, are shown in brackets. You are advised to spend about 15 minutes on each question. Start each answer on a new page.

Outline ways in which health and safety practitioners could evaluate AND develop their own competence.

(10)

In relation to health and safety monitoring systems, outline the differences between: (a) (b) active and reactive performance measures; qualitative and quantitative performance measures. (6) (4)

Train drivers may spend long periods of time in the cab of a train and may, as a result, experience loss of alertness. This can increase the risk of human error. Outline a range of measures that could reduce loss of alertness in train drivers. (10)

ID-A/S/1307 NEBOSH 2013 page 1 of 3 please turn over This question paper MUST be returned to NEBOSH after the examination and must NOT be copied

The consequences of human failure can be immediate or delayed. (a) (b) Explain the differences between active failures and latent failures. (i) (ii) Give TWO examples of an active failure. Give TWO examples of a latent failure. (6) (2) (2)

(a)

Outline the factors that would influence the development of a worker consultation programme. Outline TWO formal methods of consulting with the workforce. Outline TWO informal methods of consulting with the workforce.

(6) (2) (2)

(b) (c)

(a) (b)

Explain the meaning of the term motivation. Outline ways in which workers can be motivated to work safely.

(2) (8)

SECTION B
This section contains five questions. Answer THREE questions only. All questions carry equal marks. The maximum marks for each question, or part of a question, are shown in brackets. You are advised to spend about 30 minutes on each question. Start each answer on a new page.

(a)

In relation to the improvement of health and safety within organisations, describe what is meant by: (i) (ii) (iii) corporate probation; adverse publicity orders; punitive damages. (2) (2) (3)

(b)

Outline how the International Labour Organisation can influence health and safety standards in different countries. Outline how legislation may improve health and safety in the workplace.

(7) (6)

(c)

As the Health and Safety Adviser to a large organisation, you have decided to develop and introduce an in-house auditing programme to assess the effectiveness of the organisations health and safety management system. Describe the organisational and planning issues to be addressed in the development of the audit programme. You do not need to consider the specific factors to be audited. (20)

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A large warehousing and distribution facility uses contractors for many of its maintenance activities. Contractors make up approximately 5% of the total workforce. However, an analysis of the accident statistics for the previous two years has shown that accidents involving contractor personnel, or arising from work undertaken by contractors, account for 20% of the lost-time accidents on site. (a) Assuming that the accident statistics are correctly recorded, outline possible reasons for the disproportionate number of accidents involving contract work. Describe the organisational and procedural measures that should be in place to provide effective control of risks from the contract work.

(6) (14)

(b)

10

(a)

An organisation has decided to introduce a permit-to-work system for maintenance and engineering work at a manufacturing plant that operates continuously over three shifts. Outline key issues that will need to be addressed in introducing and maintaining an effective permit-to-work system in these circumstances. (10)

(b)

A year after the introduction of the permit-to-work system an audit shows that many permits-to-work have not been completed correctly or have not been returned. Outline possible reasons why the system is not being properly adhered to. (10)

11

A manufacturing organisation with major on and off site hazards is analysing the risks and controls associated with a particular process and containment failure. Following process containment failure, a failure detection mechanism should detect the release. Once detected, an alarm should sound and a suppressant should be discharged. Additionally, in order to prevent an uncontrolled release, an operator is required to activate manual control measures following the discharge of the suppressant. The organisation has decided to analyse the risks associated with an uncontrolled release from the process using an event tree based on the table below:
Activity Process containment failure and release Failure and release detection Alarm sounders Release suppression Manual control measures activated

(a)

From the information provided in the table, construct an event tree that shows the sequence of events following the process containment failure AND indicate where an uncontrolled release may occur. Outline the benefits and limitations of event tree analysis. Outline the methodology for a cost benefit analysis for the process described. Outline the factors that should be considered to determine whether the frequency of an uncontrolled release would be tolerable.

(6) (6) (3) (5)

(b) (c) (d)

ID-A/S/1307 NEBOSH 2013 page 3 of 3 This question paper MUST be returned to NEBOSH after the examination and must NOT be copied