N

tf tf ti

N di

e1 e2

Fig. 12.1 Bolted CHS flange plate connection

Yield lines

A-A

mp

mp

Bolt failure

Yield mechanisms with prying force

Fig. 12.2 Failure modes for bolted CHS flange plate connections

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Bolts on two sides only

Four and eight bolt configurations Fig. 12.3 Bolted RHS flange plate connections

a' Bolt hole diameter = d'

b'

bi 2 ti

Typical location of hogging plastic hinges

Fig. 12.4 RHS flange plate connection with bolts at two sides

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e Fig. 12.5 Bolted shear end connections

Weld along RHS at 4 corners with weld length bi

Cut-out to facilitate bolting Shim if required

a) Simple shear splice

b) Modified shear splice

Fig. 12.6 Some examples of bolted gusset plate connections

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g 2 g1 g 2

s
A Tension segment Inclined segments A

Allowance for diameter = d' Shear segments

Effective net area for critical section A-A is the sum of the individual segments : for tension segment : (g1 - d'/2)t for shear segments : 0.6(L - 2.5d')t s2 ) }t for each inclined segment : (g2 - d')t + {( 4g2

Fig. 12.7 Calculation of effective net area for a gusset plate

Ni

30

30
g p 15 1. g +

First bolt row

f yp

Last bolt row

Fig. 12.8 Whitmore criterion for gusset-plate yielding

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Fig. 12.9 Bolted splice connection for CHS

t1 t1 2 x t1 = t2 Fig. 12.10 Hidden bolted splice connection

t2

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Fig. 12.11 Bolted connections for lattice girder supports

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Cleat for assembly purpose

Plate

IPE

IPE or HE offcut

Fig. 12.12 I-section beam to CHS-column connections

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1/2 IPE

for a ssem bly

IPE

Plate C hannel or R H S offcut

Fig. 12.13 I-section beam to RHS column simple shear connections

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flange Channel shim plate, if needed

Fig. 12.14 Moment connections between open section beams and CHS or RHS columns

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L plate

Fig. 12.15 Hollow section cross members connected to I-section columns

Fig. 12.16 Knee joint assemblies for portal frames

Fig. 12.17 Bracket connections

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welded stud

b Z section bent strip IPE strip

Fig. 12.18 Purlin connections

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