1.

SELECTION OF THE TANK

( ) 0.8 1.2
c w
H D =
0.6 0.75
w c w
H H H s s
2
1.27
c
c
w
V
H
D

=
Select a tank according to BN-64/2221-09 (1)


2. SELECTION OF THE AGITATOR opened turbine mixer acc. to BN-75/2225-06 (2)

The type of agitator depends on the physical and chemical parameters of the mixed liquids, in
particular
Acc. to tab. 22.1 i 22.2 [1] (3) - mixer type X, XI
( ) 0.3 0.33
m w
d D =
0.5
m m
H d =

3. CALCULATION OF THE AGITATOR POWER

Power on the shaft:
1 2 3 s m
N k k k N =
k
1
coefficient taking into account the fill up ratio
w
c
D
H
k =
1

k
2
coefficient taking into account the increase of the power requirement during the startup
and under the change of density
k
3
coefficient taking into account the baffles and other structures causing resistance inside
the tank
N
m
Power of mixing [W]
( ) g , , , n , d f N
m m

q =
n [1/s] rotations of the agitator

m n
m
Fr Re C Mi =
Mi=f(Re
m
, type of the agitator)


=
3 5
n d
N
Mi
m
m
;
q

=
n d
Re
m
m
2


m
d
w
n

=
t
[1/s]
w [m/s] optimum tangential velocity acc. to table 22.2. (3)
for X, XI type and viscosity = 0,001-5 Pa
.
s w=4,27 m/s
n
m
- select from table 22.6 acc. to BN-62/2201-03 (3)

Power number Mi - read from the chart fig. 22.1 (3)

Power of mixing:
5 3
m m
N Mi d n =



4. STRENGTH CALCULATIONS OF THE AGITATOR SHAFT
Calculation of shaft diameter based on the shaft torsion condition (torsional stress)
s
o
s
s
k
W
M
s = t
k
s
[Pa] allowable torsional stress
s
e
s
X
R
k = [Pa]
R
e
[Pa] material yield point fig. 2.1 (4) [1-cz II]
X
s
- safety factor X
s
= (3,54)

W
o
torsional strength index (modulus)
16
3
w
o
d
W

=
t
[m
3
]
M
s
[N
.
m] torsional momentum
2
s
s
m
N
M
n t
=

[N
.
m] lub m] [N 163 0
m
w
s
n
N
, M =



Shaft diameter
c
k
M
d
s
s
w
+

>
3
16
t
[m] or c
k
M
, d
s
s
w
+ >
3
71 1 [m]

Select nominal shaft diameter based on table 22.7 [1] (3)

Check calculations of selected diameter for the allowable angle of the shaft torsion
lim
l l
| | | | | |
s
| |
\ . \ .
, where
dop
l
|
.
|

\
|
=1/m
t
180

=
|
.
|

\
|
o
s
I G
M
l

32
4
w
o
d
I

=
t
[m
4
] polar momentum of inertia
G [Pa] modulus of lateral elasticity (Kirchoffs)


Check calculations of selected diameter for transverse vibrations acc. to modified method
(0.55 0.8)
cr
A
e
e <


0,7 0,9
1 0.025
m
o w
d
A
D
q
q
| | | |
= +
| |
\ . \ .

[rad/s] vibrations in the system, angular velocity of the system

kr
[rad/s] critical vibrations, critical angular velocity

c
[Pa s] liquid viscosity

o
[Pa s] water viscosity at 20C
d
m
, D [m] - diameters of agitator and apparatus, respectively

2 n e t =

n - [1/s] - normalised roattion of the mixer
2
2
E I

cr
w
l m
o
e

=

w st s
m F =

l [m] - total length of the shaft
m
w
[kg/m] unit Wight of the shaft (the mass of 1 m long shaft)
E Young modulus
I [ m
4
] axial momentum of inertia
64
4
w
d
I

=
t

) m , a f ( = o

a relative length of the shaft segment a=l
1
/l
l
1
length of the shaft inside the tank

l m
m
m
w

=
- relative mass of vibrating assembly
m [kg] - agitator (propeller) mass (2)
read from the chart fig. 22.24. 2 (3)

5. POWER OF THE MOTOR DRIVING THE AGITATOR
[W]
d
o w
s
N N
N
q
+
=

2
2 exp0.1 1
o s c
c
h
N nd s p
s
| |
=
|
\ .

(6 10)
c
h s =
2
4.4 10
c s
s d

=

N
o
lost power acc. to [1] (3) pp. 442.
q
d
- driver efficiency (0.90,95)


6. CALCULATION OF THE TANK WALL THICKNES (5) [1]
C g g
o
+ =

Computational thickness of cylindrical shell under the internal pressure
ow
ow z
ow
ow w
o
p z k
a
,
p D
p z k
a
,
p D
g


=
+

=
3 2 3 2

D
w
, D
z
[m] - internal diameter, external diameter of cylindrical shell
p
ow
[Pa] - computational pressure (internal)
a - shell thickness factor (grubocienno)
k [Pa] - allowable tensile stress
z - weld strength coefficient

- Computational pressure
int ow h
p p p = +
p
rw
[Pa] - operational pressure (internal)
p
h
[Pa] - hydrostatic pressure

g H p
c h

= [Pa]
H [m] - the height of the liquid column acting on the wall
g

- acceleration of the gravity force

c
[kg/m
3
]

- liquid density

Computational/design pressure, acc. to standard PN-62/C-60011 are normalised and equal to:
p
o
= 0.07, 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 1.0, 1.6, 2.0, 2.5, 3.2, 4.0, 5.0, 6.4, 8.0 i 10.0 [MPa]
or acc. to standard PN-89/H-02650 p
o
= 0.1, 0.16, 0.25, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.25, 1.6 i
2.0 [MPa].

- shell thickness factor
( ) | f a = ,
w
z
D
D
= | - from table 2.6 [1]; dla <1,4 a=1
- allowable ten sile stress
m
e
R
k
X
=
t
o
- computational/design temperature
Nominal design temperatures, acc. to standard BN-75/2201-07 [4.2], are equal to:
:
t
o
= 20, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 275, 300, 325, 350, 375, 400, 425, 450, 500,
525, 550, 575 i 600 [C]
R
e,to
[Pa] field point at design temperature (4)
X
e
safety factor acc. to table 1.7 [1]

- weld strength coefficient acc. to table 2.7 [1]
where z
dop
=(0,7-1,0)

Allowances
3 2 1
C C C C + + = [m]
C
1
technological allowance (for negative deviation of the metal plate) acc. to table 2.9 [1]
C
2
operation allowance (corrosion)

t = s C
2
[m]
s [m/year] corrosion rate (assume 0,001 m/year)
expected operation time (assume 1015 years)

C
3
additional stress allowance


The nominal thickness of the Wall should be selected from table 2.11 [1]


7. SELECTION OF THE NOZZLES (6)
Volumetric flowrate of tank fill up and surge:

| | /s m
3
t
V
V =

V [m
3
] - liquid volume
[s] - tank fill up (surge) time

(~ 90150 s)


Internal diameter of the nozzle pipe:

| | m
4
w
V
d
w

=
t


w [m/s] - linear velocity of liquid in the nozzle (w~1,0 m/s)

calculated value d
w
should be round off up to the closest, higher nominal diameter of the pipe
Select flat flanges acc. to PN-87/H-74731 (6)
Specify for each flange: D
n
, p
n
, pipe size, basic dimensions of the flange, number of the bolts and bolt
sizes (6)


8. CALCULATION OF WALL THISCKNESS OF ELIPSOIDAL BOTTOM (7) [1]

Bottoms acc. to standard PN-66/M-35412
C g g
o
+ =

C allowances acc. to point no. 6.

Computational/design wall thickness of the bottom under internal pressure
z k
y p D
g
w ow z
o


=
4

D
z
[m] - external diameter of the bottom
p
ow
[Pa] - design pressure (internal)
y
w
- strength coefficient (dished bottom round)
k [Pa] - allowable tensile stress as in section 6.
z - weld strength coefficient (for stamped bottoms z=1)

Design pressure
- for the lid/head p
ow
=p
rw
- for the bottom p
ow
=p
rw
+p
h

Design pressure should be normalised acc. to section 6.

Strength coefficient of dished bottom round
|
|
.
|

\
|
= e ,
D
H
f y
z
z
w

y
w
taken from table 3.1 [1] or chart fig. 3.3 [1]
H
z
[m] - height of rounded part of bottom read form the standard for bottoms
- attenuation/weakening coefficient
g D
d
z
otw

= e

d
otw
[m] - diameter of the nozzle opening
g [m] - wall thickness of the bottom

1. assume g
2. calculate
3. read y
w

4. calculate g
o
i g
5. verify if the assumed g is correct

Thickness of the steel sweet to be used for bottom manufacturing should be selected from table
2.11 [1]







9. SELECTION OF THE SUPPORT ARMS (8) [1]

Mass of the apparatus

2
c d w m r k u
m m m m m m m m = + + + + + +

m
c
[kg] weight of cylindrical part of the tank
m
d
[kg] weight of bottom (bottom area can be calculated as F
d
=1,16 D
2
or read from relevant
standard)

m
w
[kg] weight of the shaft
m
m
[kg] weight of the agitator
m
r
[kg] weight of the solution in the tank
m
k
[kg] weight of nozzles
m
u
[kg] weight of auxiliary equipment (assume m
u
= (100200) kg)

Size of the support arm should be taken from table 14.4 [1]
The size of support arm elements acc. to (8) [1]


10. LITERATURA:
[1] J. Piko Podstawy konstrukcji aparatury chemicznej cz I i II, PWN, Warszawa 1979
[2] F. Strk Mieszanie i mieszalniki, WNT, Warszawa 1981
[3] J. Piko Aparatura chemiczna, PWN, Warszawa 1978
[4] Praca zbiorowa pod redakcj J. Pikonia Atlas konstrukcji aparatury chemicznej, PWN,
Warszawa 1981