PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.

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PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

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PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator

Introduction The Power W orld Transmission Line Paramete r Calculator is a tool designed to compute characteristic line parameters given the type of the conductor and the tower configuration of a threephase overhead transmission line. The parameters computed are the resist ance R, reactance X, susceptance B, and conductance G. These values are computed as distributed (per unit of distance), lumped or total (for a s pecific line distance), and in per-unit. Calculations The following controls are part of the calculat ions section: Parameters Calculation This section is to enter the necessary data to compute the characteristic line parameters that are shown in the Results panel. Input Data Conductor Type: This is the combo box that lists al l the conductor types available in the Conductors t able. To add, remove or edit a specific conductor and its characteristics, see Conductor Type section below. Tower Configuration: This combo box lists all the tower configurations available in the Tower Confi gurations table. To add, remove or edit a specific tower configuration, please go to the Tower Confi guration section below. Line Length:
http://www.powerworld.com/files/TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf[25-03-2013 11:25:20]

PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

This is the value of the distance of the transmission line. The units are miles when us ing English system, or kilometers when using the Metric (SI) system. Line Length Units: The line length uni ts specify the measurement system to use when entering the line length. The options are English system or Metric (S Power I) Wsystem. The final and intermediate orld Transm results will also be s hown Line in the system ission Param e specified here. ter Calculator Page 1 of 13 v.1.0 Power Base: The system voltamp e re base in MVA. Voltage Base: The lineline voltage base in KV. Impedance Base: The impedance base in Ohms. This value is automatically computed w hen the power base and the voltage bas e are entered or modified. Admittance Base: The admittance base in Siemens. It is also automatically computed as the inverse of the impedance base. Final Results When all the input data is entered, the resu l t s automati c ally will be displaye d. The values for R, X, B and G are shown in three different se ctions, each section corresponding to Distributed, Lumped or Total, and Per Unit values , respectively. The Power Surge Impedance Loading is calc ulated only for the lumped section. Intermediate Results The intermediate values calculat

http://www.powerworld.com/files/TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf[25-03-2013 11:25:20]

PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

ed to co mpute the R, X, B, and G values are displayed here. The computed geom etric mean radius and geome t ric mean distance are shown in the Distributed values section. The characteristic impedance and propagation factor are displa yed in the Lumped values section. Note: To see the specific calculations used in this program, see the Calculations Power section, at the end of this document. W Ampere to MVA Limit Conversion orld ThisTransm section converts the ission Line Param limits of the transmission line from Amperes to MVAs, e given the voltage bas ter Calculator v.1.0 e, and vice versa. Conductor Page 2 of 13 Ty pe This section is used to add, remove, r ename, and edit the information related to the conductor types. This can be done in two ways: using the form for an indiv i dual conductor type, or using the tabl e for all the conductor types available. Edit By Form Conductors are identified by a unique code word. All the available c o nductors are listed in the Conductor Code Word co mbo box. By selecting one conductor, all its properties are displayed in the form. There, the user is able to modify any of those values. After m odification of any value, the user has to save the changes by clicking on the button Save before changing tabs, otherwise the changes will be lost. By clicking on New , a message prompting for a name for a new conductor will be shown. By clicking on Rename
http://www.powerworld.com/files/TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf[25-03-2013 11:25:20]

PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

, a new name for the current conductor type is required. In order to save the current conductor type wi th a different name is necessary to click on Save As . Finally, to remove the current conductor the user can do so by clicking on the Delete button. Edit By Table In this tab, all the conductor types are shown as records in a table, where every field is a characteristic of the conductor. In order to edi t the records in this table, Power use the Database button described in the W Database section. While editing the orld Transm table, the user can not change of t ission Line Param are posted or discarded. ab until changes e Conductor ter Calculator v.1.0 Properties Aluminum layers: The available properties of t Number he conductors are the following: of aluminum layers. Code Word: External diameter: Code nam Outside diamet e for the type er of the conductor in inches. of conductor. The names of GMR: bird species are typically used. Code Word has to be Geometric Mean Radius in feet. unique. DC Res Area: i The area of aluminum conductor in circular mils. A stance: circular mil is the cross-se DC resistanc ctional area of a circular e of the conductor at 20 conductor having a diameter of 1 mil. One mil is one C per 1 mileof inan inch (0.001). thousandth Ohms. Aluminum strands: AC Resistance 25: Number AC resistanc s of aluminum e of the conductor at 60 Hz and 25 t rands. C per layer Steel 1 s mile in Ohms. AC : Resistance 50: AC resistanc Number of steel strands. e of conductor at 60 Hz and 50 Pagethe 3 of 13

C per 1 mile in Ohms. AC Resistance 75: AC resistanc

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PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

e of the conductor at 60 Hz and 75

C per 1 mile in Ohms. Inductive Reactance: Inductive reactanc e per conductor at 1 foot spacing at 60 Hz in Ohms/mile. Capac itive Reactance: Capac itive react ance per conduc tor at 1 foot spacing at 60 Hz in MegaOhms/mile. Page 4 of 13

Power W orld Transm ission Line Param e ter Calculator v.1.0 Tow e r Configuration This part is used to add, remove, rename, and edit the information related to the tower configurations. This can be done in two ways: using the form for an indiv i dual tower configuration, or using the table for a ll the tower configurations available. Edit By Form Tower configurations are identified by a unique name. All the available tower configurations are listed in the Tower Configuration Name combo box. By selecting one specific tower configuration, all its characteristics are displayed in the form. There, the user can modify any of those characteristics. After modification of any value, the user has to save the changes by clicking on the button

http://www.powerworld.com/files/TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf[25-03-2013 11:25:20]

PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

Save before changing tabs, otherwise the changes will be lost. By clicking on New , a message prompting for a name for a new tower configuration will be s hown. By clicking on Rename , a new name for the current tower configuration is required. In order to save the current tower configuration with a different name is necessary to click on Save As . Finally, to remove the current tow e r configuration the us er can do so by clicking on the Delete button. Edit By Table Power In this tab, all the tower configurations W are shown as records in a table, where orld Transm every field is a value of the tower configur ission Line Param ation. In order to e edit the records in ter Calculator v.1.0 this table, use the Database button descr Conductors ibed in the Database section. While per bundle: editing the table, the user can not This section s change of tab until changes are posted or pecifies the number of conductors discarded. (either single conductor or a bundle of conductors) Tow per phase. The maximum number of conductors per e bundle allowed is 4. r Configuration Values Use regular spacing: The values When using of the tower conf a bundle of conductors, checking the iguration are the following: Use Name: Regular Spacing of Name for the tower configuration. Name has to be check box will use the specified unique. value as a regular spacing Phase spacing: among the conductors. If x and y coordinates the of phases A, B and C positions. Use Regular Spacing of Values are in feet for Englis check box is not h system and me checked, then the custom conductors spacing section ters fo has to be used. r Conductors Metric (SI) system. When t spacing: hese values are modified, x and y coordinates the phase spacing gr of the conductors in the bundle.
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PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

aph is Values are in feet for Englis automatically updated. h system and me Draw ters fo axis r has to be checked fo Metric (SI) system. When t r x and y axis to be hese values are modified, drawn in the graph. the bundle spacing gr Page 5 of 13 aph is automatically updated. Draw axis has to be checked fo r x and y axis to be drawn in the graph. Temperature: Assumed temperat ure in Fahrenheit degrees for English system and Celsius degrees for Me tric (SI) system. Frequency: Frequency of the system in Hertz. System of units: The system of units used to specify the values of the tower configuration. The options are English system Power or Metric (SI) syste W m orld Transm . The units specified here not ission Line Param necessarily e have to math the units specified in the ter Calculator v.1.0 Input Data Database section. The conductor type and tower configuratio Page 6 of 13 ns tables are read by default from the file conductors.mbd , which is a MS Access databas e. This database can be read from another *.mdb file by clicking on the Select Conductors and Configurations Database button. Note: The conductors.mdb file can also be viewed and edited in MS Access. In order to edit a record in the databas e tables, the user can use the toolbar designed to do that. Fo llowing there is a figure showing this toolbar: The

http://www.powerworld.com/files/TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf[25-03-2013 11:25:20]

PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

First , Prior , Next , and Last buttons are used to move among records. The Insert , Delete and Edit buttons are used to i n sert, delete or edit the current record, respectively. While editing a re cord, the user can not change of tab until modifications are posted through the Post edit button or canceled with the Cancel edit button. The Refresh data button just refres hed the data of the entire table. Page 7 of 13 Power W orld Transm ission Line Param e ter Calculator v.1.0 Calculations Distribute d Parameters Resistance

()
N t R R R R
t

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PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

+ = 25 50 25
50 25 25

0 t 50

()
N t R R R R
t

Power W orld Transm ission Line Param e ter Calculator v.1.0 The geom etric mean radius between conductors of one phase is defined as: GMR D
SL

= For 1 stranded conductor r e + D = SL 4 50

/

http://www.powerworld.com/files/TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf[25-03-2013 11:25:20]

PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

75 50 75 = 50 For 1 solid cylindric 50 50conductor al 2 1 11 t N N Where: k N R m

1

t km SL

AC resistance at temperature d t D per phase per 1 mile in Ohms t Assumed temperature in Celsius degrees R
25

AC resistance of the conductor at 60 Hz and 25

C per 1 mile in Ohms R 50 = AC resistance of the conductor at 60 Hz and 50

==

C per 1 mile in Ohms For more then 1 conductor bundle R Where: 75 SL AC D resistance of the conductor at 60 Hz and 75 Geometric mean radius in meters C per 1 mile in Ohms r N External radius of conductor in meters Number of conductors per phase GMR Inductive Reactance Geometric mean radius given in SL tables for one stranded conductor eq
L km

D d D Distance between conductors f k X and ln m Power 10 in meters. W 4 Note: If orld Transm 7 k = Line Param ission m e = , then ter Calculator v.1.0 for one stranded or solid cylindrical Where: SC Where: conductor. km D X d = L Geometric mean radius in meters SL Inductive reactance in Ohms/meter r D f External radius of conductor in meters Susceptan km Frequency of the system in Hertz ce eq d D Distance between conductors Geometric mean distance bet k ween phases in meters and
SL

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PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

m D in meters. Geometric mean radius between c Note: If onductors of one phase in meters k= The m geom , then etric mean distance = between phases is defined as: r 3 ca . bc
km ab eq

d d Conductance d Assumed d G=0 D Where: = G Where: Conductance in Siem ab ens/meter d Lumped (Total) Para , meters , Resistance, Distances Inductiv = e between SC Reactan eq phases D ce, a-b,C b-c, c-a, respectively in meters bc D ondu d f ctance an ca B d Suscept d ln a Page 8 of 13 2 nce, using the 2 equivalent circuit (long line) Where: l B sinh Susceptance in Siem ens/meter c Z f X Frequency of the system in Hertz j R Constant permittivity = 8.85418 Z = 10 -12 Power eq + D W Geometric orld Transmmean distance bet = ission Param ween Line phases, defined as above SC e 2 D ter Calculator v.1.0 tanh Geometric mean radius betw zy 2 een conductors of one phase using = l external radius in meters The geometric mean radius between condu Where: c ctors of one phase using external z Z radius is defined Distributed seriesas: impedance in Ohms/meter B r j y
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PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

D G Distributed series admittance in Siemens/meter SC Y The = = distributed series impedance For 1 and + distributed conductor series admittance 2 1 are 11 = defined as: N N jB k N G Where: m y Z km SC jX Total series impedanc d R e of line in Ohms D z Y + Total series admittance of line in Siemens = R + Total series resistance of line in Ohms = X Where: Total series inductive reactance of line in Ohms R G Distributed resistance in Ohms/meter Total seriesseries conductance of line in Siemens X B Distributed inductivof line in Siemens Total seriesseries susceptance = Z reactance in Ohms/meter e c G == Characteris Distributed series conduc bundle For more then 1 conductor t tance Page 9in ofSiemens/meter 13 ic B impedance in Ohms Distributed series susceptance in Siemens/meter Propagation constant in meters Surge Impedance Loading -1 The surge impedance loading is defined as l the power delivered by a lossless line Line length in meters to a load resistance equal to the surge (or characteristic) impedance The Z characteristic impedance c and , and is propagation constant given by: C are defined as: N SIL y Z z V Z c P 2 = = Page 10 of 13 Where: P
SI L Power

Total surge impedanc W e loading in a three-phase line in VA orld Transm V ission Line Param N e Line-line nominal ter Calculator v.1.0 volt age inValu Volts Base Page 11 of 13 es Impedance Base

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PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

3 2

) (
B ll B B

S V Z = Where:
B

Z Impedance base in Ohms

3 B

S Power bas e in VA
ll B

V Line-line voltage base in Volts Admittance Base

B B

Z Y 1 = Where:
B

Y Admittance base in Siemens

B

Z Impedance base in Ohms Per Unit (P U) Parameters Resistance, Inductiv e Reactan ce, Condu ctance, Susceptance
B PU B PU B PU B PU

Y B B Y G Power G W Z orld Transm X ission Line Param X e Z ter Calculator v.1.0 R

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PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

X R Total series inductive reactance in Ohms X = PU Per unit conductance = G Total series conductance in Siemens = B PU Per = unit susceptance B Where: Total series susceptance in Siemens R Z PU B Per unit resistance Impedance base in Ohms R Y Total series resistance in Ohms B X Admittance base in Siemens PU MVA To Ampere Ampere To MVA Limits Conversion Per unit Inductiveand reactance MVA to of Ampere Limit Conversion Page 12 13
N MVA Amp

V Lim Lim 3 10
6

= Where: Lim
Amp

Limit in Amperes Lim

MVA

Limit in MVAs V
N

Nominal voltage in Volts Ampere to MVA Limit Conversion

6

10 3
N Amp MVA

V Lim Lim = Where: Lim

Amp

Limit in Amperes Lim More Information More Information

MVA

Less Information Less Information

Limit in MVAs Close Close V

N

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PowerWorld Transmission Line Parameter Calculator - TransLineCalcHelp1.pdf

Nominal voltage in Volts Reference s [1] J. D. Glover and M. S. Sarma, Power System s analys is and design , Brooks/Cole, 3
rd

edition, 2002. [2] A. R. Bergen and V. Vittal, Power System Analys is , Prentice Hall, 2
nd

edition, 2000. Page 13 of 13

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