Foreign language teaching methods and approaches

Reviewing the principles GRAMMAR TRANSLATION 1. - what are the goals of teachers? Grammar is studied in a mechanical process. 2. - What is the role of the teacher? What is the role of the students? The role of the teacher is control the class, only teach grammar rules. Students are passive and only memorize the grammar rules. They are not the main protagonist. 3. - What are some characteristic of the teaching/learning process? It is a mechanical process. Teacher explains the theory and asks students do the exercises and those do it. 4. - What is the nature of student-teacher interaction? What is the nature of studentstudent interaction? There was unidirectional interaction. Doesnt exist any type of interaction because students are not the main protagonist and teacher doesnt create real opportunities to speak in class. 5. - How are the feelings of the students dealt with? Students feel unable to develop oral communicative skills and also there is no attention to affective aspects. 6. - How is the language viewed? How is culture viewed? Language is viewed as a mechanical process (grammar accuracy is very important). No attention to culture with this particular method. 7. - What areas of language are emphasized? What language skills are emphasized? Grammar rules and vocabulary. And also reading and writing skills. There is not attention to oral communicative skills. 8. - What is the role of the students native language? They translate every word in order to communicate 9. - How is evaluation accomplished? Evaluation is through exercises they do in class (filling in the blanks) 10. - How does the teacher respond to student errors? Teacher responds students errors in a direct way.

DIRECT METHOD 1. - what are the goals of teachers? The main goal is promote oral communicative skills in order to learn L2 2. - What is the role of the teacher? What is the role of the students? Teacher plays a second role on this particular method. Students should think in the L2 as much as possible 3. - What are some characteristic of the teaching/learning process? The native language shouldnt be used in the classroom 4. - What is the nature of student-teacher interaction? What is the nature of studentstudent interaction? Both interactions are bidirectional 5. - How are the feelings of the students dealt with? Children feel motivated because they use English and they are able to communicate in the second language. 6. - How is the language viewed? How is culture viewed? Language as the main vehicle to communicate They dont pay attention to culture 7. - What areas of language are emphasized? What language skills are emphasized? Vocabulary and oral communicative skills 8. - What is the role of the students native language? Native language plays a significant role because develop communicative concepts 9. - How is evaluation accomplished? The evaluation is focus on the progress of language learner (filling in the blank) 10. - How does the teacher respond to student errors? Students self-correct, they dont overcorrect

AUDIO-LINGUAL METHOD 1. - what are the goals of teachers? Oral practices in order to develop oral communicative skills (how to use language in order to communicate) 2. - What is the role of the teacher? What is the role of the students? Teacher is a controller what Ss produce in class Ss are passive learners because they answer questions 3. - What are some characteristic of the teaching/learning process? Bidirectional process, dialogues and conversational practices have an enormous importance. 4. - What is the nature of student-teacher interaction? What is the nature of studentstudent interaction? Bidirectional process. Teacher makes questions and Ss have to answer Doesnt exist any type of interaction between S-S 5. - How are the feelings of the students dealt with? No attention is given to their feelings 6. - How is the language viewed? How is culture viewed? Language is seeing as an instrument for communication Culture is 7. - What areas of language are emphasized? What language skills are emphasized? Pronunciation, vocabulary and no attention to grammar. First oral communicative skills and then grammar. 8. - What is the role of the students native language? Ss native language should be avoid, I mean, doesnt make any sense 9. - How is evaluation accomplished? Evaluation is mainly carry out through drill, dialogues, conversational practice and so on 10. - How does the teacher respond to student errors? In direct way, immediate correction

THE SILENT WAY 1. - what are the goals of teachers? The main goal is discovery learning (learning on their own, in an independent way) 2. - What is the role of the teacher? What is the role of the students? Teacher only speaks when is necessary, they only observe what happen in the class Ss need to learn to listen from themselves, they became the main protagonist 3. - What are some characteristic of the teaching/learning process? Silent is a tool. Teacher keep in silent and speak when is necessary and they have to build their Ss knowledge making use of they already know. 4. - What is the nature of student-teacher interaction? What is the nature of studentstudent interaction? Doesnt exist interaction between teacher and Ss Ss are bidirectional 5. - How are the feelings of the students dealt with? Teacher dont use anything to encourage their feelings 6. - How is the language viewed? How is culture viewed? Teacher dont make use of language, language is use for self-expression Little or no attention is given to culture 7. - What areas of language are emphasized? What language skills are emphasized? Oral skills (pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar) but this doesnt necessary mean that we dont pay attention to written skills. 8. - What is the role of the students native language? Doesnt exist 9. - How is evaluation accomplished? Teacher have to look the progress, observation play a significant role 10. - How does the teacher respond to student errors? Errors are important; they show to the teacher things that are unclear.

SUGGESTOPEDIA 1. - what are the goals of teachers? To create a relaxing atmosphere in class 2. - What is the role of the teacher? What is the role of the students? Teacher have to promote the relax atmosphere through music, dramatizations and movement 3. - What are some characteristic of the teaching/learning process? Ss have to feel relaxed and have to feel positive emotions 4. - What is the nature of student-teacher interaction? What is the nature of studentstudent interaction? They do what they want to do, teacher gives instructions to them and they carry out activities. Ss work in a cooperative way 5. - How are the feelings of the students dealt with? Feel positive, relaxed and less anxiety 6. - How is the language viewed? How is culture viewed? The language is learning through the power of the brain through a relaxing atmosphere. Language is learning through games. No attention is given to culture 7. - What areas of language are emphasized? What language skills are emphasized? Pronunciation, vocabulary over grammar is learn in unconscious way. Oral and written skills. 8. - What is the role of the students native language? Doesnt exist 9. - How is evaluation accomplished? Their tool for assessment for linguistic is through daily systematic observation 10. - How does the teacher respond to student errors? Indirect way. Errors are corrected gently, non-threatening

COMMUNITY LANGUAGE LEARNING 1. - what are the goals of teachers? The goal of the teacher control the class and should 2. - What is the role of the teacher? What is the role of the students? Teacher has to control the class and Ss have to learn from each other 3. - What are some characteristic of the teaching/learning process? Cooperation between students in order to reinforce the self-esteem and self-confident 4. - What is the nature of student-teacher interaction? What is the nature of studentstudent interaction? In depend on the task S-S bidirectional because the most important thing is cooperation through conversations 5. - How are the feelings of the students dealt with? Self-confidence; self-esteem 6. - How is the language viewed? How is culture viewed? Language as the main vehicle for communication Culture depend on the task 7. - What areas of language are emphasized? What language skills are emphasized? Oral communicative skills, pronunciation, vocabulary over grammar 8. - What is the role of the students native language? Doesnt exist 9. - How is evaluation accomplished? Teacher looks the progress 10. - How does the teacher respond to student errors? Peer correction

TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE 1. - what are the goals of teachers? The main goal is create a relax atmosphere in which SS can learn the new language 2. - What is the role of the teacher? What is the role of the students?

The role of the teacher is instruct the language learning (active role) Ss have to perform (do what teacher says) 3. - What are some characteristic of the teaching/learning process? Learning through movements and games and also learn in unconscious way. 4. - What is the nature of student-teacher interaction? What is the nature of studentstudent interaction? T-Ss Bidirectional, teacher explain what have they do and Ss have to perform the action S- S bidirectional (e-g Follow the leader) 5. - How are the feelings of the students dealt with? Positive attitudes and feel motivated because children love games 6. - How is the language viewed? How is culture viewed? Unconsciously. The oral dimension is emphasized over written skills. I dont know how is culture viewed but It would be why not? 7. - What areas of language are emphasized? What language skills are emphasized? Pronunciation, vocabulary over grammar (grammar is learn unconsciously) 8. - What is the role of the students native language? Doesnt exist 9. - How is evaluation accomplished? Through observation 10. - How does the teacher respond to student errors? Correction in a very flexible manner