Sweeden - Technical Guide Lines - Design of 400 OHTL

TECHNICAL GUIDELINES
FOR 400 kV AND 220 kV OH-LINES

SvK TR 5:104 CONDUCTORS
14 September, 2000
CONDUCTORS
2
14 September, 2000
Contents
Page
4.1
REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 5
4.2
SCOPE ............................................................................................................................. 7
4.3
DEFINITIONS................................................................................................................... 7
Creep................................................................................................................................ 7
4.4
DESCRIPTION................................................................................................................. 7
4.4.1
Steel wire conductors .................................................................................................... 7
4.4.2
Aluminium conductors .................................................................................................. 7
4.4.3
Aluminium conductors steel reinforced ...................................................................... 7
4.4.4
4.4.2.1
4.4.2.2
Conductors made from aluminium alloy...................................................................... 7

AlMgSi conductors............................................................................................................ 7
Al 59 conductors............................................................................................................... 7
4.5
REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................ 8
4.5.1
4.5.1.1
4.5.1.2
4.5.1.3
4.5.1.4
4.5.1.5
Steel wire conductors .................................................................................................... 8

Wire .................................................................................................................................. 8
Dimensions....................................................................................................................... 8
Design .............................................................................................................................. 8
Breaking load.................................................................................................................... 8
Resistance........................................................................................................................ 8
4.5.2
4.5.2.1
4.5.2.2
4.5.2.3
4.5.2.4
4.5.2.5
4.5.2.6
Aluminium conductor .................................................................................................... 8

Wire .................................................................................................................................. 8
Dimensions....................................................................................................................... 8
Design .............................................................................................................................. 8
Breaking load.................................................................................................................... 8
Resistance........................................................................................................................ 8
Greasing ........................................................................................................................... 8
4.5.3
4.5.3.1
4.5.3.2
4.5.3.3
4.5.3.4
4.5.3.5
4.5.3.6
Aluminium conductors steel reinforced ...................................................................... 9

Wire .................................................................................................................................. 9
Dimensions....................................................................................................................... 9
Design .............................................................................................................................. 9
Breaking load.................................................................................................................... 9
Resistance........................................................................................................................ 9
Greasing ........................................................................................................................... 9
4.5.4
4.5.4.1
4.5.4.2
4.5.4.3
4.5.4.4
4.5.4.5
4.5.4.6
AlMgSi conductor........................................................................................................... 9
Wire .................................................................................................................................. 9
Dimensions....................................................................................................................... 9
Design .............................................................................................................................. 9
Breaking load.................................................................................................................. 10
Resistance...................................................................................................................... 10
Greasing ......................................................................................................................... 10
4.5.5
4.5.5.1
Al 59 conductor ............................................................................................................ 10
Wire ................................................................................................................................ 10
3
14 September, 2000
4.5.5.2
4.5.5.3
4.5.5.4
4.5.5.5
4.5.5.6
Dimensions..................................................................................................................... 10
Design ............................................................................................................................ 10
Breaking load.................................................................................................................. 10
Resistance...................................................................................................................... 10
Greasing ......................................................................................................................... 10
4.6
TYPE TEST.................................................................................................................... 10
4.6.1
General .......................................................................................................................... 10
4.6.2
Joints in wires before stranding ................................................................................. 11
4.6.3
Stress strain curve .................................................................................................... 11
4.6.4
Breaking load................................................................................................................ 11
4.6.5
Creep ............................................................................................................................. 11
4.7
SAMPLE TEST .............................................................................................................. 11
4.7.1
General .......................................................................................................................... 11
4.7.2
Tests on wires before stranding ................................................................................. 12
4.7.3
Cross-sectional area .................................................................................................... 12
4.7.4
Conductor diameter ..................................................................................................... 12
4.7.5
Mass per unit length .................................................................................................... 12
4.7.6
Breaking load of wires obtained from conductors ................................................... 12
4.7.7
Surface condition ......................................................................................................... 12
4.7.8
Lay ratio and direction of lay ...................................................................................... 12
4.7.9
Grease content ............................................................................................................. 12
4.8
CERTIFICATE OF DELIVERY....................................................................................... 12
4.8.1
General .......................................................................................................................... 12
4.8.2
4.8.2.1
4.8.2.2
4.8.2.3
4.8.2.4
4.8.2.5
Documentation ............................................................................................................. 13
Assembly drawing .......................................................................................................... 13
List of material ................................................................................................................ 13
Manufacturing process ................................................................................................... 13
Quality system ................................................................................................................ 13
Type test report .............................................................................................................. 13
4.9
INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................. 13
TABLES
15
Table 1
Steel wire conductors .................................................................................................. 15
Table 2
Aluminium conductors ................................................................................................ 16
Table 3
Aluminium conductors steel reinforced (A1/S1A)..................................................... 17
Table 4
AlMgSi conductors....................................................................................................... 18
Table 5
Al 59-Conductors.......................................................................................................... 19
FIGURES
........................................................................................................................................ 20
4
14 September, 2000
Figure 1
Figure 1a
Figure 1b
Steel wire conductors .................................................................................................. 20

Phase conductors........................................................................................................... 20
Shield wires .................................................................................................................... 20
Figure 2
Aluminium, aluminium alloy conductors ................................................................... 20
Figure 3
Figure 3a
Figure 3b
Aluminium conductors steel reinforced .................................................................... 21

Phase conductors........................................................................................................... 21
Shield wires .................................................................................................................... 21
Figure 4
Greased Conductors.................................................................................................... 22
5
14 September, 2000
4.1
REFERENCES
-
Note that standards, regulations etc. which are referred to in these guidelines
are subject to continuous change and can be withdrawn, revised or replaced.
The contractor shall immediately inform the client of such changes.
IEC 1089
Round wire concentric lay overhead electrical stranded

conductors
SS IEC 888
Frzinkad stltrd fr linor fr friledningar
SS IEC 889
Hrddragen aluminiumtrd fr linor fr friledningar
SS ISO 5455
Ritningsregler - Skalor
SS ISO 9002
Kvalitetssystem - Krav vid produktion och installation
SS 11 23 18
Aluminium och stl - Linor fr friledning - Kontinuerlig

krypprovning
SS 424 01 65
Berkning av kortslutningsstrmmars mekaniska och termiska

verkningar
SS 424 08 02
Aluminiumlinor fr friledningar
SS 424 08 06
Linor av hrd frzinkad stltrd fr luftledningar - Fe140-linor
SS 424 08 07
Stlaluminiumlinor fr friledningar - FeAl-linor
SS 424 08 11
Trd av aluminiumlegering fr linor fr friledningar AlMgSi-trd
SS 424 08 12
Linor av aluminiumlegering fr friledningar - AlMgSi-linor
SS 424 08 13
Trd av aluminiumlegering fr linor fr friledningar - Al 59-trd
SS 424 08 14
Linor av aluminiumlegering fr friledningar - Al 59-linor
SS 424 08 50
Infettningsmedel fr linor av aluminium och stl fr friledningar
6
14 September, 2000
SvK TR 5:107
Tekniska bestmmelser - Skarvar
SvK TR 5:109
Tekniska bestmmelser - Vibrationsdmpare
SvK TR 5:113
Teknisk bestmmelse - Jordningar
7
14 September, 2000
4.2
SCOPE
These guidelines are applicable to steel, aluminium, steel reinforced aluminium
and aluminium alloy conductors for overhead lines and comprise design and
testing.
The intention of the specification is to guarantee satisfactory performance of the
conductors during the calculated technical lifetime of the overhead line.
For conductors to be buried underground refer to SvK TR 5:113.
4.3
DEFINITIONS
Technical terms and definitions used in these guidelines:
Creep
Permanent elongation under constant stress over a period of time.
4.4
DESCRIPTION
4.4.1
STEEL WIRE CONDUCTORS

Conductors consisting of several layers of wires made from hot-dip galvanised
steel. See figures 1a and 1b.
4.4.2
ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS
Conductors consisting of several layers of wires made from aluminium. See figure
2.
4.4.3
ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS STEEL REINFORCED

Conductors having a core consisting of a wire, or several layers of wires, made
from hot-dip galvanised steel and with one or several outer layers of wires made
from aluminium. See figures 3a and 3b.
4.4.4
CONDUCTORS MADE FROM ALUMINIUM ALLOY
4.4.2.1
AlMgSi conductors
Conductors consisting of several layers of wires made from AlMgSi. See figure 2.
4.4.2.2
Al 59 conductors
Conductors consisting of several layers of wires made from Al 59. See figure 2.
8
14 September, 2000
4.5
REQUIREMENTS
4.5.1
4.5.1.1
Wire
Wires shall be manufactured from high strength steel in accordance with Swedish
Standard SS IEC 888, and hot-dip galvanised to Class 1.
4.5.1.2
Dimensions
Conductors shall have measurements in accordance with Swedish Standard SS
424 08 06, see table 1.
4.5.1.3
Design
Conductors shall comply with the requirements of IEC 1089.
4.5.1.4
Breaking load
Conductors shall comply with the breaking load requirements of table 1.
4.5.1.5
Resistance
Conductors shall comply with the resistance requirements of table 1.
4.5.2
ALUMINIUM CONDUCTOR
4.5.2.1
Wire
Wires shall be manufactured in accordance with Swedish Standard SS IEC 889.
4.5.2.2
Dimensions
424 08 02, see table 2.
4.5.2.3
Design
4.5.2.4
Breaking load
4.5.2.5
Resistance
4.5.2.6
Greasing
When greasing of conductors is requested they shall be greased in accordance with
IEC 1089 Annexure C, Case 4, see figure 4.
9
14 September, 2000
Grease shall comply with the requirements of Swedish Standard SS 424 08 50.
4.5.3
4.5.3.1
Wire
Steel wires shall be manufactured from regular steel in accordance with Swedish
Standard SS IEC 888, and hot-dip galvanised to Class 1.
Aluminium wires shall be manufactured in accordance with Swedish Standard SS
IEC 889.
4.5.3.2
Dimensions
424 08 07, see table 3.
4.5.3.3
Design
Conductors shall comply with the requirements of IEC 1089. A core consisting of
only one steel wire shall have no joints.
4.5.3.4
Breaking load
4.5.3.5
Resistance
4.5.3.6
Greasing
When greasing of the steel core of conductors is requested it shall be greased in
accordance with IEC 1089 Annexure C, Case 4, see figure 4.
4.5.4
ALMGSI CONDUCTOR
4.5.4.1
Wire
Wires shall be manufactured in accordance with Swedish Standard SS 424 08 11
4.5.4.2
Dimensions
424 08 12, see table 4.
4.5.4.3
Design
10
14 September, 2000
4.5.4.4
Breaking load
4.5.4.5
Resistance
4.5.4.6
Greasing
4.5.5
AL 59 CONDUCTOR
4.5.5.1
Wire
Wires shall be manufactured in accordance with Swedish Standard SS 424 08 13.
4.5.5.2
Dimensions
424 08 14, see table 5.
4.5.5.3
Design
4.5.5.4
Breaking load
4.5.5.5
Resistance
4.5.5.6
Greasing
4.6
TYPE TEST
4.6.1
GENERAL
Type tests are to be performed in accordance with IEC 1089 as stated in clauses
4.6.2 4.6.4 below. In addition for conductors made from Al 59 tests in
accordance with clause 4.6.5 shall be performed.
11
14 September, 2000
4.6.2
JOINTS IN WIRES BEFORE STRANDING

This test is to be performed in accordance with IEC 1089 clause 6.5.4
4.6.3
STRESS STRAIN CURVE

This test is to be performed in accordance with IEC 1089 Annexure B. All
measurements taken shall be recorded and submitted to the client. The stressstrain curves stipulated in IEC 1089 Annexure B and their formulae shall be
included. The stress-strain curve shall be obtained by drawing a third degree curve
through the points of reading. This is an additional requirement to IEC 1089.
4.6.4
BREAKING LOAD
This test is to be performed in accordance with IEC 1089 clause 6.5.3.
4.6.5
CREEP
This test is to be performed in accordance with Swedish Standard SS 11 23 18 the
parameters being in accordance with Swedish Standard SS 424 08 14 clause 6.
The creep is to be measured at intervals of time evenly logarithmically distributed
over the entire testing time. All readings of temperature, strain and time are to be
shown in tabular form. The linear regression is to be calculated for all the
measured strain readings. It shall also be calculated for the measured strain
readings from 50 hours after start to the end of the test.
When calculating the linear regression, the value z shall be added to every reading
such that, at the time t=87600 hours (10 years), the creep H will be equal for the
two regression curves. Calculated values for k and b, in addition to the calculated
creep from fifty hour to ten years, are to be presented to the client.
The creep shall be calculated according to the formula:
H 10k * t b
where H = conductor creep during time t
k = point of intersection between the line and the y-axis
b = line slope
t = time for which creep is to be calculated
4.7
SAMPLE TEST
4.7.1
GENERAL
The sample test is to be performed in accordance with IEC 1089 clause 6.2.2.
12
14 September, 2000
4.7.2
TESTS ON WIRES BEFORE STRANDING

The tests shall show that wires comply with the requirements of clauses 4.5.1.1,
4.5.2.1, 4.5.3.1, 4.5.4.1 and 4.5.5.1.
4.7.3
CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA
4.7.4
CONDUCTOR DIAMETER
4.7.5
MASS PER UNIT LENGTH

4.7.6
BREAKING LOAD OF WIRES OBTAINED FROM CONDUCTORS

4.7.7
SURFACE CONDITION
The test is to be performed in accordance with IEC 1089 clause 6.6.5.
4.7.8
LAY RATIO AND DIRECTION OF LAY

4.7.9
GREASE CONTENT
4.8
CERTIFICATE OF DELIVERY
4.8.1
GENERAL
The client shall, according to these guidelines, approve the conductor before
delivery. For approval the manufacturer shall show that the conductor conforms
with the guidelines.
The manufacturer shall provide documentation in accordance with clauses 4.8.2.14.8.2.5 for approval.
The approval of drawings by the client does not release the manufacturer from his
obligation regarding the conductor complying with the guidelines.
13
14 September, 2000
All documentation shall be written in Swedish or English.
4.8.2
DOCUMENTATION
A summary of documentation requirements is contained in chapter 14.
4.8.2.1
Assembly drawing
The assembly drawing is to have an appropriate scale in accordance with Swedish
Standard SS ISO 5455. On the drawing shall be given:
x
Type
Cross-sectional area and stranding
Mass per km
Resistance
Conductor length per drum
4.8.2.2
List of material
Description of material for included parts.
4.8.2.3
Manufacturing process
Description of the manufacturing process
4.8.2.4
Quality system
Quality system in accordance with ISO 9002.
4.8.2.5
Type test report

Type test report in accordance with clause 4.6
4.9
INSTALLATION
Conductors shall be run-out under tension using pilot wires.
The conductor shall be clamped-in within 48 hours after it has been sagged.
Vibration dampers in accordance with SvK TR 5:109 Vibration dampers, shall be
installed if this cannot be done
Sheaves of running out blocks for the conductor shall be rubber lined with a
diameter at least 15 times the conductor diameter.
14
14 September, 2000
Joints for conductors shall be installed in accordance with SvK TR 5:107. The
conductor ends shall be free from dirt and undamaged when the joint is installed.
Conductor adjacent to the joint shall not have protruding strands.
15
14 September, 2000
TABLES
TABLE 1

Diameter
Designation
and
Calculated
Number of
Wire
Conductor
Mass
Breaking
load
wires
mm
mm
kg/km
kN
Crosssectional area
Direct current
resistance1)
Fault
current2)
:/km
kA
52
68
89
7
7
7
3,08
3,52
4,02
9,24
10,6
12,1
408
532
694
73,54
94,01
122,6
2,503
1,917
1,469
3,5
4,6
6,0
105
142
185
7
19
19
4,36
3,08
3,52
13,1
15,4
17,6
817
1110
1450
144,2
199,6
255,2
1,249
0,9254
0,7085
7,0
9,5
12,5
241
284
19
19
4,02
4,36
20,1
21,8
1890
2220
332,8
391,5
0,5432
0,4618
16,3
19,1
1)
The direct current resistance is calculated from the mean value 130.0 n:m
(13,3% IACS) of the individual wires
2)
The fault current is the calculated effective value with a duration of one
second at an initial conductor temperature of +30 qC and a final temperature of
+300 qC.
16
14 September, 2000
TABLE 2
ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS
Diameter
Designat
Number
ion and
of
Calculated
Wire
Conductor
Mass
Breaking
load
kN
Crosssectional
area
Wires
mm
mm
kg/km
454
593
61
61
3,08
3,52
27,7
31,7
1250
1640
774
910
61
61
4,02
4,36
36,2
39,2
2140
2510
74,99
94,98
123,9
145,7
Direct current
resistance2)
:/km
Continuous
Load
FaultCurrent4)
Current3)
A
kA
0,06304
0,04826
406
433
44,2
57,8
0,03700
0,03146
483
519
75,4
88,6
2)
(61.5 % IACS) of the individual wires
3)
The continuous load current is calculated with a conductor temperature of +50

qC, an ambient temperature of +30 qC, 50 Hz frequency, 0.00403 resistivity
temperature coefficient, 0.7 emission factor, 0.9 absorption factor, 0.6 m/s
wind velocity and at a latitude of 60 (N).
4)
+200 qC.
17
14 September, 2000
TABLE 3
ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS STEEL REINFORCED (A1/S1A)

Diameter
Designat
ion and
Crosssectional
area
Number of
wires
Al
Fe
Wire
Al
Fe
mm
mm
Phase conductors
54
7 3,08
54
7 3,52
454
593
774
910
54
54
Core
Conductor
Mm
mm
Continuous
Calculated
Direct
Fault
Breaking
current
load
Current3)
Mass
load
resistance1) current2)
kg/km
kN
:/km
kA
3,08
3,52
9,24
10,6
27,7
31,7
1520
1980
123,8
159,0
0,07130
0,05459
381
407
39,03)
51,13)
0,04186
0,03558
460
493
66,73)
78,23)

9,44)
16,04)
26,44)
7
19
4,02
4,36
4,02
2,62
12,1
13,1
36,2
39,3
2590
3030
207,4
245,8
Shieldwire
142 12
7
241 12
7
319 32
7
3,08
4,02
3,16
3,08
4,02
3,52
9,24
12,1
10,6
15,4
20,1
23,2
654
1115
1225
72,12 0,3205
122,1 0,1881
116,3 0,1143
1)
(61.5 % IACS) of the individual wires
2)

qC , an ambient temperature of +30 qC, 50 Hz frequency, 0.00403 resistivity
3)
+200 qC.
4)
second at an initial shield wire temperature of +30 qC and a final temperature
of +200 qC.
18
14 September, 2000
TABLE 4
ALMGSI CONDUCTORS
Diameter
Designat
Number
ion and
Cross-
Calculated
Wire
Conductor
Mass
Breaking
load
Direct
current
resistance1)
Continuous
load current2)
Fault
current3)
Of
sectional
Area
Wires
mm
mm
kg/km
kN
:/km
KA
454
593
61
61
3,08
3,52
27,7
31,7
1250
1640
125,0
157,3
0,06745
0,05164
393
419
43,8
57,1
774
910
61
61
4,02
4,36
36,2
39,2
2140
2510
197,4
232,2
0,03960
0,03366
471
503
74,5
87,7
1)
(57.5 % IACS) of the individual wires.
2)

3)
+200 qC.
19
14 September, 2000
TABLE 5
AL 59-CONDUCTORS
Diameter
DesigNumber
nation
and
Crossof
sectional
Calculated
Wire
Conductor
Mass
Breaking
load
Direct
current
resistance1)
Continuous
load current2)
Fault
Current3)
area
wires
mm
mm
kg/km
kN
:/km
KA
454
593
61
61
3,08
3,52
27,7
31,7
1250
1640
113,6
142,5
0,06532
0,05001
399
426
44,1
57,6
774
910
61
61
4,02
4,36
36,2
39,2
2140
2510
178,1
209,5
0,03834
0,03260
478
511
75,1
88,3
1)
(59.4 % IACS) of the individual wires.
2)

The fault current is the calculated effective value with a duration of one second at
an initial conductor temperature of +50 qC and a final temperature of +200 qC.
20
14 September, 2000
FIGURES
FIGURE 1
7 wires
19 wires
Figure 1a
Phase conductors
7 wires
19 wires
Figure 1b
FIGURE 2
Shieldwires
ALUMINIUM, ALUMINIUM ALLOY CONDUCTORS
61 wires
21
14 September, 2000
FIGURE 3
54/7 wires
Figure 3a
54/19 wires
Phase conductors
12/7 wires
Figure 3b
32/7 wires
Shieldwires
22
14 September, 2000
FIGURE 4
GREASED CONDUCTORS
Case 1
Case 4

Sweeden - Technical Guide Lines - Design of 400 OHTL

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TECHNICAL GUIDELINES

FOR 400 kV AND 220 kV OH-LINES

Steel wire conductors .................................................................................................... 7

Aluminium conductors .................................................................................................. 7

Aluminium conductors steel reinforced ...................................................................... 7

Conductors made from aluminium alloy...................................................................... 7

Steel wire conductors .................................................................................................... 8

Aluminium conductor .................................................................................................... 8

Aluminium conductors steel reinforced ...................................................................... 9

Joints in wires before stranding ................................................................................. 11

Stress strain curve .................................................................................................... 11

SAMPLE TEST .............................................................................................................. 11

Tests on wires before stranding ................................................................................. 12

Cross-sectional area .................................................................................................... 12

Conductor diameter ..................................................................................................... 12

Mass per unit length .................................................................................................... 12

Breaking load of wires obtained from conductors ................................................... 12

Surface condition ......................................................................................................... 12

Lay ratio and direction of lay ...................................................................................... 12

Grease content ............................................................................................................. 12

Steel wire conductors .................................................................................................. 15

Aluminium conductors ................................................................................................ 16

Aluminium conductors steel reinforced (A1/S1A)..................................................... 17

Steel wire conductors .................................................................................................. 20

Aluminium, aluminium alloy conductors ................................................................... 20

Aluminium conductors steel reinforced .................................................................... 21

Round wire concentric lay overhead electrical stranded

Frzinkad stltrd fr linor fr friledningar

Hrddragen aluminiumtrd fr linor fr friledningar

Kvalitetssystem - Krav vid produktion och installation

Aluminium och stl - Linor fr friledning - Kontinuerlig

Berkning av kortslutningsstrmmars mekaniska och termiska

Linor av hrd frzinkad stltrd fr luftledningar - Fe140-linor

Stlaluminiumlinor fr friledningar - FeAl-linor

Trd av aluminiumlegering fr linor fr friledningar AlMgSi-trd

Linor av aluminiumlegering fr friledningar - AlMgSi-linor

Trd av aluminiumlegering fr linor fr friledningar - Al 59-trd

Linor av aluminiumlegering fr friledningar - Al 59-linor

Infettningsmedel fr linor av aluminium och stl fr friledningar

Tekniska bestmmelser - Skarvar

Tekniska bestmmelser - Vibrationsdmpare

Teknisk bestmmelse - Jordningar

STEEL WIRE CONDUCTORS

ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS STEEL REINFORCED

CONDUCTORS MADE FROM ALUMINIUM ALLOY

STEEL WIRE CONDUCTORS

ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS STEEL REINFORCED

JOINTS IN WIRES BEFORE STRANDING

STRESS STRAIN CURVE

TESTS ON WIRES BEFORE STRANDING

MASS PER UNIT LENGTH

BREAKING LOAD OF WIRES OBTAINED FROM CONDUCTORS

LAY RATIO AND DIRECTION OF LAY

All documentation shall be written in Swedish or English.

Cross-sectional area and stranding

Conductor length per drum

Type test report

STEEL WIRE CONDUCTORS

The continuous load current is calculated with a conductor temperature of +50

ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS STEEL REINFORCED (A1/S1A)

The continuous load current is calculated with a conductor temperature of +50

The continuous load current is calculated with a conductor temperature of +50

The continuous load current is calculated with a conductor temperature of +50