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APPLICATIONS
By: Eng. Mostafa Kamal Salem Under Supervision Of: Prof. Dr.-Eng. Peter Zacharias Prof. Dr.-Eng. Adel Khalil Prof. Dr.-Eng. Amr Adly Dr.-Eng. Stefan Kempen
19.03.2013
Acknowledgment
I would like to thank all the people who helped me in achieving this thesis. Very special thanks to my supervisors: Prof. Dr. Adel Khalil, Prof. Dr. Peter Zacharias, and Prof. Dr. Amr Adly for their supervision and support. I would like to
thank the examining committee for their time. I would like to express my appreciation to AEG Power Solutions for giving me the opportunity to work on my master thesis in the company with its quality service provisions. Special thanks to Dr.Ing Kempen, M.Sc.-Ing Ammar Salman, and Mr. John Kuhne for their support and guidance. Also, I would like to thank the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) for supporting REMENA master program and for providing me the financial and moral support. Special thanks to Ms. Anke Stahl and Ms. Janique Bikomo for supporting and care. I would
like to express my appreciation to the University of Kassel and Cairo University for hosting me in the master course.
Special thanks to Prof. Adel Khalil, Prof. Sayed Kaseb, Prof. Dirk Dahlhaus, and Ms. Anke Aref for the support and guidance during the whole program.
Outlines
1.Introduction 2.Methodology & Procedure 3. Review of Literature Battery Types Battery Models 4. Model in Power Factory
2 Min. 1 Min. 2 Min.
4 Min.
8 Min. 5. Simulations & Results BESS TEST Public Grid with and without BESS BESS with AEG Grid BESS with PV
1. Introduction
Motivation:
The major challenge now days is to store the excess energy from the renewable energy that generated when demand is low, and reuse this energy in later time or in the high demand times.
Battery Energy Storage System BESS
Source: www.renewableenergyworld.com
1. Introduction
Aim of work:
To Build comprehensive model of the battery energy storage system that simulates the real reactions that happens inside the battery, and to be able to analyze different grid scenarios using Power Factory DIgSILENT.
Battery Energy Storage System BESS
Source: www.newavenergy.com
1. Introduction
Battery Energy Storage System is composed of a combination of electrical part and chemical part.
Battery Energy Storage System BESS
AEG Converter
1. Introduction
BESS Advantages: 1. Active power output/input (support grid frequency). 2. Reactive power output/input (voltage control). 3. Pure phase shift operation is possible. 4. Charge and discharge at any desired cos.
Battery Energy Storage System BESS
the most updated theoretical data in this area. Power Factory Support service provided this thesis with the suitable Model. The available PV data in AEG Power Solutions Company were used.
3. Review of Literature
Batteries have been used a long time ago. Earthen containers were used as galvanic cells dating from 250 BC have been found in Baghdad (Iraq). Alessandro Volta is the first person in the modern times to build an actual battery in year 1800, then Mr. Michael Faraday derived the laws of electrochemistry based on Voltas work. Battery Types:
Table (1): Battery Types [6] Rechargeable Alkaline NiMH NiCd Li-ion Lead Acid 1.5 V CD/MD/MP3 players, toys, electronic games, cameras, flash lights, remote controls, solar lighting Digital cameras, remote controlled racing toy cars Power Tools Notebook computers, PDAs, mobile phones, camcorders, digital cameras Car starter battery, lift trucks, golf charts, marine, standby power, UPS, solar lighting and renewable energy storage
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3. Review of Literature
Lead acid battery is the cheapest and the most commercially used battery nowadays.
Figure (3): Comparison of Life Cycle Costs per Delivered kWh for A Typical Peak- Shaving Application [8]
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3. Review of Literature
Battery Models: 1. Simple Model.
Battery Energy Storage System BESS
12
3. Review of Literature
1. Simple Model:
Battery Energy Storage System BESS
Current I
Impedance Z (S,SOC)
E (S,SOC)
Figure (6): Simple Equivalent Circuit for the Lead Acid Battery [11]
13
3. Review of Literature
R2 R1 Em
+ -
Ip, VPN
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3. Review of Literature
15
(t) = init +
(Battery Capacity)
C = f (I,)
Depth of Discharge Depth of Discharge = Q/ C
Depth of Discharge =
of Discharge f (OpenDepth Circuit Voltage (Ue)) State of Charge
Ucell = Ue+Urs
State of Charge
Battery Outputs
16
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Outlines
1.Introduction 2.Methodology & Procedure 3. Review of Literature Battery Types Battery Models 4. Models in Power Factory 5. Simulations & Results BESS TEST Public Grid with and without BESS BESS with AEG Grid BESS with PV 6. Conclusion 7. Future Recommendations 8.Summary 9. References
Battery Energy Storage System BESS
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BESS TEST:
Battery Energy Storage System BESS
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EVENTS:
Active Power (MW)
0,80
Load_1
0,60
0,40 0,20
0,00
0,40
-0,20 2000,0
2000,0 Load Step: Active Power in MW Load_1: Active Power in MW Load_Ramp: Active Power in MW
2000,0
2000,0
2000,0
[s]
2000,0
At 2000 sec.
Load _Step
0,20
0,00
120 sec.
Load_Ramp
-0,20 -3.00E-1
3.00E+3 Load Step: Active Power in MW Load_1: Active Power in MW Load_Ramp: Active Power in MW
6.00E+3
9.00E+3
1.20E+4
[s]
1.50E+4
Time (seconds)
1,00
0,98
1,02
1,60
DIgSILENT
120 sec.
1,10
0,94
1,20
0,90
1,00
0,86
0,80
At 2000 sec.
0,82 -3.00E-1 3.00E+3 6.00E+3 9.00E+3 1.20E+4 [s]
1.50E+4
0,60 -3.00E-1
3.00E+3
6.00E+3
9.00E+3
1.20E+4
[s]
1.50E+4
Time (seconds)
Time (seconds)
21
2,10
1,90
1.62 p.u.
1,70
Switch is open
1,50
1.41 p.u.
1,30
1,10 -3.00E-1
3.40E+3
6.80E+3
1.02E+4
1.36E+4
[s]
1.70E+4
Time (seconds)
22
2,15
1,90
Switch is closed
1,40
1,15
0,90 -3.00E-1
3.40E+3
6.80E+3
1.02E+4
1.36E+4 [s]
1.70E+4
Time (seconds)
23
1,03
1,00
Battery Discharging
0,60
DIgSILENT
Battery Discharging
0,40
0,98
0,93
0,20
0,00
0,83
Battery Charging
0,78 -3.00E-1
-0,20
Battery Charging
1.02E+4 1.36E+4 [s]
1.70E+4
6.80E+3
-0,40 -3.00E-1
3.40E+3
6.80E+3
1.02E+4
1.36E+4
[s]
1.70E+4
Time (seconds)
Advanced Battery: I
Time (seconds)
24
25
1,02
DIgSILENT
Discharge
0,75
0,50
Idle mode
0,98
Charging
0,96
0,00
0,94
3.60E+3
7.20E+3
1.08E+4
1.44E+4
[s]
1.80E+4
Time (seconds)
Time (seconds)
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Figure (25): Electric Grid with Synchronous Generator, BESS, and PV System
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Events:
Active Power (MW)
0,40
0,30
0,20
300 sec.
1000 sec.
0,10
0,00
-0,10 -0,1000
575,94
863,96
1152,0
[s]
1440,0
Time (seconds)
28
1,50
1,00
0,50
0,00
-0,50 -0,1000
575,94
863,96
1152,0
[s]
1440,0
Time (seconds)
29
0,99985
0,21
0,99960
300 sec.
0,18
0,99935
PV production increased
0,15
0,99910
1000 sec.
0,12
0,99885
PV production decreased
0,09
0,99860 -0,1000
287,92
575,94
863,96
1152,0 [s]
287,92
575,94
863,96
1152,0
[s]
1440,0
Time (seconds)
Time (seconds)
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6. Conclusion
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6. Conclusion
Figure (33): External Grid Active Current with and without BESS
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7. Future Recommendations
7.2. CASE STUDY IN EGYPT. 7.3 INTEGRATION THE BATTERY LIFE TIME IN THE MODEL.
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7. Future Recommendations
Source: www.aegypten-berater.de
El Gouna
It is recommended to integrate BESS with the PV and another power source to be used in day time or in emergency cases. As a recommendation for future work, the implementation of the analyzed BESS can be studied including the sizing, energy yield, and economical evaluation of the plant in El Gouna.
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7. Future Recommendations
[16]
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8. Summary
The main purpose of the study is to simulate the effect of the battery temperature, on the different battery parameters and develop battery model that simulates the real reactions happens inside the battery ,then integrate this model with different grids with different power sources.
Battery Energy Storage System BESS
Source: principlesofedu.wikispaces.com
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9. References
1 2 Kenrik, V., 2012, Clean Power and Renewable Energy Growth in MENA Region, http://www.environmentalleader.com. Goikoetxea1, A., Barrena1, J.A., Rodrguez, M.A., and Abad,G., March 2010, Grid manager design using Battery Energy Storage Systems in weak power systems with high penetration of wind energy, Proceedings of the tenth International Conference on Renewable Energies and Power Quality, Granada, Spain. Kottick, D., Blau, M.,and Edelstein,D., 1993, Battery Energy Strorage for Frequency Regulation in an Island Power System, vol.8, 3rd edition, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. Tsang, M.W., and Sutanto,D., 1998, Control Strategies to Damp Inter-Area Oscillations Using a Battery Energy Storage System, Department of Electrical Engineering, university of Hong Kong Polytechnic , Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
Electricity Storage Association web site, 2012, http://www.electricitystorage.org
3 4
6 7 8 9
Hageman, S.C., 1993 Simple PSpice models let you simulate common battery types, EDN, Oct. 28, 1993, pp.117-132. Barak, M. (Ed.), Dickinson, T., Falk, U.,Sudworth, J.L.,Thirsk, H.R., Tye F.L., 1980, Electrochemical Power Sources: Primary & Secondary Batteries, IEE Energy Series 1, A. Wheaton &Co, Exeter. Energiespeicher in Stromversorgungssystemen mit hohem Anteil erneuerbarer Energietrger VDE- Studie 2009. Tammineedi,C., May2011, Modelling Battery-Ultra-capacitor Hybrid Systems For Solar And Wind Applications, The Graduate School, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, USA.
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9. References
11 DIgSILENT PowerFactory Version 14.1 Battery Energy Storing Systems in PowerFactory. Application Manual Gomaringen, Germany, May 2011. 12 Idlbi,B., 2012, Dynamic Simulation Of A PV-Diesel-Battery Hybird Plant For Off Grid Electricity Supply, MSc. Thesis, Faculty of Engineering Cairo University, Giza, Egypt, Faculty Of Electrical Engineering And Computer Science, Kassel, Germany, March, 2012. 13 Medora, N.K., and Kusko A., Sept. 2005 Dynamic Battery Modeling of Lead-Acid Batteries using Manufacturers, Proceedings of the 27th, Telecommunications Conference, Berlin, Germany. 14 Ceraolo, M., 2000, New Dynamical Models of LeadAcid Batteries, Department of Electrical Systems and Automation, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, IEEE Transections On Power Systems, VOL. 15, NO. 4, Nov. 2000. 15 Jackey, R.A., 2007, A Simple, Effective Lead-Acid Battery Modeling Process for Electrical System Component Selection, The MathWorks, Inc. 16 Lambert T., Homer Energy Software, [Online], May 2005, tom@homerenergy@.com.
17 Grid Code, High and extra high voltage, E-ON Netz GmbH, Bayreuth, 1 April 2006. 18 DIgSILENT PowerFactory, Version 14.1, Users Manual,Volume I, Users Manual,Volume II, Edition 1, DIgSILENT GmbH, Gomaringen, Germany, May 2011. Jrgens, F., July 2012, Modeling of a Micro grid at an industrial production site with a high percentage of regenerative electrical energy 19 and with innovative energy storage technologies, BSc. Thesis, University of Wilhelmshaven, Wilhelmshaven, Germany. 20 Orascom Development Holding AG web site, 2008, www.orascomdh.com. 21 New and Renewable Energy Authority web site, 2013, www.nrea.gov.eg.
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Thank
You
for
Your
Attention
2002 Stefan R. Mller .www.blinde-kuh.de
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Harmonic analysis:
0,015
0,012
0,009
0,006
0,003
0,000 1,00 5,00 9,00 13,0 17,0 21,0 25,0 29,0 33,0 37,0 41,0 45,0 49,0 [-] PWM Converter/1 DC-Connection: Current, Magnitude/Terminal AC in p.u.
Figure (15): Harmonic Distortion (Current/ Terminal AC in p.u) For the Converter
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Ucell=Uc-UR
Battery Energy Storage System BESS
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