Thermally driven water chillers :

Market status andnew developments

Daniel Mugnier
TECSOL SA
Aix les Bains
25/04/2006
Introduction
The chiller is one the key element of the
closed solar cooling systems.
! Absorption chillers :
! H2O/LiBr
!H2O/LiCl
!NH3/H2O
! Adsorption chillers :
!Zeolithe/H2O
!Silica gel/H2O
What are the main technologies and the market actors ??
Market situation
Thermally driven chiller share : 71%
DEC
29%
Absorption
63%
Adsorption
8%
Source : Task 38 survey ; 75 existing installations with detailed informations (chiller manuf.)
Adsorption
! 2 commercial systems (Japanese manufacturers)
! Nishyodo (70-500 kW) => GBU GmbH
! Maekawa (50-350 kW) => Mycom
From 70 kW to several hundred kW...
Historical actors
Source : UniklinikumFreiburg
New development
Sortech (Germany) : 10 kW
Nom. capacity : 10 kW - COP : 0,6
Generator temp. : 80/75C
Evaporator temp. : 6/12C
Condensor temp. : 30/35C
Weight in operation : 180 kg
Silicagel => Zeolith
H
2
O
/
Z
e
o
l
i
t
h
H
2
O
/
S
i
l
i
c
a
g
e
l
Source : Sortech
Absorption
Single effect
absorption chillers
! Lot of products > 100 kW (Carrier,MacQuay,
Toshiba,Hitachi, Ebara, Sulzer Escher Wyss, Trane, LG,
Mitsubishi, Entropie,York, Colibri)
! Main chillers used in solar cooling systems :
YAZAKI WFC SC 10 (35 kW) / Thermax (Spain)
! New machines available on the market :
! EAW (Westenfeld) : 15 kW
! Sonnenklima (Berlin): 10 kW
! Rotartica (Bilbao) : 4,5 kW
! Climatewell (Sweden/Spain) : 10 kW
! Pink (Austria) : 10 kW
! Other developments
FH Stuttgart/Ge, SolarFrost/Au, Aosol/Port, ...
Absorption
Solar cooling chiller market share
Thermax
6%
Broad
6%
Pink
2%
Climatewell
2%
Others (Trane,
LG)
10%
Rotartica
8%
Sonnenklima
4%
EAW
22%
YAZAKI
40%
Source : Task 38 survey ; 75 existing installations with detailed informations (chiller manufacturer)
Historical actor
! YAZAKI WFC SC 10 : 35 kW
And a new 17 kW chiller within the end of the year...
H
2
O
/
L
i
B
r
Source : Yazaki
Historical actor
! Thermax : 35 kW
H
2
O
/
L
i
B
r
Source : Thermax
New actor
! EAW (Westenfeld) : 15 kW
Nom. capacity : 15 kW - COP : 0,71
Generator temp. : 80/90C
Evaporator temp. : 11/17C
Condensor temp. : 30/36C
Electric consump. : 300 W
Weight in operation : 700 kg
H
2
O
/
L
i
B
r
Source : EAW
! EAW (Westenfeld) : 15 kW
T recooling: 40C
H
2
O
/
L
i
B
r
New actor
Source : EAW
! Sonnenklima (former Phnix Sonnenwrme, Berlin): 10 kW
Nom. capacity : 10 kW - COP : 0,7
Generator temp. : 95/85C
Evaporator temp. : 12/16C
Condensor temp. : 27/35C
Electric consump. : 120 W
Weight in operation : 550 kg
H
2
O
/
L
i
B
r
New actor
Source : Sonnenklima
! Sonnenklima (Berlin): 10 kW
H
2
O
/
L
i
B
r
New actor
Source : Sonnenklima
! Rotartica (Bilbao) : 4,5 kW
H
2
O
/
L
i
B
r
New actor
Source : Rotartica
! Climatewell (Sweden) : 10 kW
2000 -> 2007
H
2
O
/
L
i
C
l
New actor
Source : Climatewell
! Climatewell (Sude) : 10 kW
H
2
O
/
L
i
C
l
New actor
Source : Climatewell
! Climatewell (Sude) : 10 kW
H
2
O
/
L
i
C
l
New actor
Source : Climatewell
Pink (Austria) :
Nom. capacity : 6 - 20 kW
2 first commerical installations in
Sweden & Austria
Contact with SolarNext
N
H
3
/
H
2
O
New actor
Source : Pink
Aosol (Portugal)
Not yet commercialised
Few information on the technical features
New developments
Source : Aosol
N
H
3
/
H
2
O
Solar Frost (Austria) : 2 kW
New developments
N
H
3
/
H
2
O
Source : Solarfrost
Not yet commercialised
Robur (Italy) :
New developments
N
H
3
/
H
2
O
NOMINAL HEATING PERFORMANCES
(1)

Nominal heating output
(hot water outlet temp. 50C)
kW 35.3
Outside air temperature dry/wet bulb C 7/6
G.U.E. heating efficiency based on gas consumption % 140
Outside air temperature dry bulb min/max C -20/35
Hot water inlet temperature min/max C 2/50
Maximum hot water outlet temperature
(T=50C)
C 60
COOLING PERFORMANCES
(2)

Nominal cooling output
(chilled water outlet temp. 7C)
kW 16.9
Outside air temperature C 35
G.U.E. cooling efficiency based on gas consumption % 67
Outside air temperature min/max C 0/45
Chilled water inlet temperature min/max C 6/45
Minimal chilled water outlet temperature C 3
GENERAL DATA
Nominal thermal input (burner) kW 25.7
Nominal electrical wattage drawn (230V-50Hz) kW 0.9

Source : Robur
Broad double effect chiller : R&D
New developments
H
2
O
/
L
i
B
r
Future demo installation in France (Cartech/CNRS), Perpignan
Hot water BCT chiller
Direct gas BZH chiller
New developments
Broad double effect chiller R&D
H
2
O
/
L
i
B
r
Machine & system
distribution
Conclusion
* A growing marketwith several actors
* Next steps:
-organisation of the sector?
-reduction of costs, adaptation to technical specificity of solar cooling
* Interesting developments and concepts
* Thermallydrivenchillers: central position in solar cooling systems
w
w
w
.
i
e
a
-
s
h
c
-
t
a
s
k
3
8
.
o
r
g
* To know further on these new actors of the solar cooling world.
THE NEXT FRENCH EVENT
DERBI Renewable Energy conference : Perpignan, 31
st
2
nd
June 2007
Solar cooling Workshop : Friday1
st
June, 11. am
Content : Solar cooling market data and future trends
Per Olofson, CEO
Participants :
-Arsenal Research(Austria)
-Spain(Aiguasol)
-Climatewell (Sweden/Spain)
-Schco(Germany/France)
-Sonnenklima (Germany/France)
-TECSOL (France)