Deutsch Touring- Part 9

2013
: Fion Chang ,

2552-4411

9 09/28() 37 40 POTSDAM118 1.5 LUBBENAUSpreewald

95 1 20

Lbbenau Lehde Haus

10 kg
Nuovo Mario

5Berlin Kempinski Bristol, Berlin

26

Palaces of Sanssouci :

Brandenburger Tor

Palaces of Sanssouci ( )

Palaces of Sanssouci ( )

Potsdam Conference Brandenburg

Havel

Palaces of Sanssouci
(Weinberggartenterrassen)

Schloss Sanssouci

( Palaces of Sanssouci )
sans souci

Hohenzollern1745~47
Georg Wenzeslaus
von Knobelsdorff
500 150 1730~1916

(Berlin-Zehlendorf )( River Havel)

( Lake Glienicke )(Sans-Souci Palace) 1745~47 Frederick II

1840~42 Ludwig Persius
Ferdinand von Arnim
1990

The ensemble of the chateaux and parks of Potsdam is an exceptional artistic achievement whose eclectic and evolutionary features
reinforce its uniqueness: from Knobelsdorff to Schinkel and from Eyserbeck to Lenn, a series of architectural and landscaping masterpieces
were built within a single space, illustrating opposing and reputedly irreconcilable styles without detracting from the harmony of a general
composition, designed progressively over time.
Potsdam, mentioned first in the 10th century, acquired some importance when the Great Elector of Brandenburg, Frederick William (1620-88)
established his residence there. Potsdam housed a small garrison from 1640 onwards; the site's military function was strengthened by the
young Prussian monarchy.
Under Frederick II the Great (1712-86) Potsdam was radically changed. The new king wished to establish next to the garrison town and
settlement colony of the 'Sergeant King' a 'Prussian Versailles', which was to be his main residence. In 1744 Frederick II ordered a vineyard to

be planted on six terraces on the southern side of a hill, Bald Mountain. Sanssouci, a name which reflects the king's desire for intimacy and
simplicity, translates the theme of a rustic villa into the marble, mirrors and gold of a Rococo-style palace.
Postdam-Sanssouci is the crystallization of a great number of influences from Italy, England, Flanders, Paris and Dresden. A synthesis of
art trends in European cities and courts in the 18th century, the castle and the park offer new models that greatly influenced the development of
the monumental arts and the organization of space east of the Oder. The one-storey palace included a rotunda with a projected axis and, on
either side, a suite of five rooms. The east suite was the royal apartment; the west suite, guest rooms. The architect Georg Wenzeslaus von
Knobelsdorff, for whom the king was both friend and patron, owed to Frederick II his training in Rome, Venice, Florence, Dresden and Paris.
The iconographic programme evokes a winegrower's house; the southern facade was punctuated with 36 bacchantes by the sculptor
Christian Glume. They are arranged as caryatids which support the cornice under the roofs of the wings and the cupola of the axial rotunda.
The 290 ha park was laid out around several buildings. Symmetrically flanking the castle to the east and west there were, first, the picture
gallery and the old orangery, which was redesigned as a guest house in 1771-74. During this first stage a number of constructions were built,
the most remarkable of which are Neptune Grotto, the last work by Knobelsdorff, which was begun during his lifetime but completed after his
death, and the Chinese Tea House, built under the supervision of the architect Bering.
After the Seven Years War (1756-63) Frederick the Great ordered the construction of the New Palace, a huge Rococo-style construction
with over 200 rooms, including the famous Shell Room. Other buildings were constructed in the park, including the Antique Temple, the
Friendship Temple, Belvedere and the Dragon Pavilion. Frederick William IV (1795-1861) devoted himself to enlarging the park of Sanssouci; as
Crown Prince he bought a domain to the south. He commissioned Karl-Friedrich Schinkel to build the small neoclassical Chateau of
Charlottenhof and Peter Josef Lenn to design a romantic park. Lenn also designed the Sicilian Garden and the Nordic Garden, north of the
Hauptallee. New constructions continued to be built until 1860. The orangery transposes the elevation of the Villa Medicis in Rome and the
Friedenskirche that of the San Clemente Basilica.
The World Heritage site covers two other ensembles that include parks, chateaux and buildings, in the middle of which stands the Marble
Palace, the king's summer residence built by C. von Gontard and fitted out by K. G. Langhaus. At the northern end of the park, the Chateau of
Cecilienhof, a pastiche of an English cottage, was chosen in August 1945 as the site of the signing of the Potsdam Agreements.

The Sacrow estate includes the 18th century seigneurial residence (converted from a 14th century castle), the Church of St Saviour, built to the
designs of the architect Ludwig Persius in 1841-44, and the park, created for Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia by Persius and the gardener Peter
Joseph Lenne. This was integrated into the overall landscape of chateaux and gardens of Potsdam and Babelsberg, most of which survives
relatively intact.
The estate stood until recently on the boundary between the former German Democratic Republic and the territory of West Berlin and was in
consequence seriously neglected. Access to the church was prohibited and the building was abandoned. It was only following the intervention of
the West Berlin authorities, strongly supported by the press, who demanded that restoration work be carried out and supplied the necessary
funding, that work began to put at least the roof of the church into repair in 1981-82. Work is continuing in the interior of the church, the chateau
and the gardens, under the management of the Berlin- Potsdam chateaux and parks administration.

1744 Friedrich der Groe ( King Frederick the Great )

1918 Prussian

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Christian Glume 36 bacchantes

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Friedrich der Groe ( King Frederick the Great )

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17

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Bornstedt
1744 8 10
1900

168
120 132
1745 1748
1750

Jean Baptiste Pigalle

Lambert Sigisbert Adam Francois Gaspard Adam

1764

, 1715 mein Marly

Marly-le-Roi

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290 1745
300

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 The Sanssouci Palace (Schloss Sanssouci), 1). The Orangery Palace (Orangerieschloss),

2).

1763 ~69

The New Palace (Neues Palais). 200 400

3). 1826 Karl Friedrich Schinkel The Charlottenhof Palace (Schloss
Charlottenhof),
Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff
1750 1763~69 Johann Gottfried Buring Carl von Gontard
420

12

The Roman Baths (Rmische Bder),

4). 1829~40 Karl Friedrich Schinkel and Ludwig Persius

5). 18 The Chinese Tea House (Chinesisches Teehaus).

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1763 (
)

11

46

1991 8

1770 Potsdam's Brandenburg Gate

( )
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The Old Market Square (Alter Markt) 1662 City Palace(Stadtschlo)1837 Karl Friedrich
Schinkel Friedrich August Stler and Ludwig Persius St. Nicholas' Church (Nikolaikirche), 1837 Jan Bouman
Old City Hall (Altes Rathaus), 1750 Boumann French Church (Franzsische Kirche),
1734~42 Jan Bouman 150 Dutch Quarter (Hollndisches Viertel), Fortuna Gate (Fortunaportal)
2002
1999 UNESCO Russian colony of Alexandrowka 1825
1786 New Garden (Neuer Garten) Palaces of Cecilienhof 1945 7 Potsdam Conference
1789 Marmorpalais (Marble Palace)

Babelsberg

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( Lbbenau)

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, ,
, 2 1991 UNESCO

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( )
( UNESCO )?
( )

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( )

( Lbbenau)
Lbbenau 475Km2 (Spreewald) - '91 ,
.

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Lehde -

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( )

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( Lbbenau)

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Kiss

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