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Patel 1 Tanvi Patel Ms.Alogna EMR / 45B 9/22/11 Chapter 2 Workforce Safety and Wellness Key Terms 1.

. Denial First stage of grief reaction; when person rejects grief-causing event 2. Debriefing A meeting consisted of emergency responders and specially trained leader; purpose is to let out fears, feelings, and reactions to high stress situations 3. Hazardous Material Can be found almost anywhere, should not get close to them and should call appropriate agency for assistance 4. Respirator reduces transmission of airborne diseases 5. Sterilizing cleaning and disinfecting 6. Standard Precautions Infection control concept that treats all body fluids as infectious 7. Anger Second stage of grief reaction; when the person becomes angry or upset 8. BSI Body substance isolation is assuming that all body fluids are potentially infected thus making sure to isolate them and not to touch them. 9. Hepatitis B Bloodborne Pathogen that is spread through direct contact of infected blood 10. HEPA Respirator High-efficiency particulate air respirator 11. Pre-incident Stress Education Training about stress and stress reactions for public safety personnel before they are exposed to it. 12. Bargaining Third stage of grief reaction, person barters to change grief causing event 13. OSHA Stress counselors at the scene of stressful incidents to help reduce stress 14. Tuberculosis Airborne pathogen that spread by airborne droplets 15. AIDs Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, that results from the virus HIV 16. Depression Fourth stage of grief reaction; person expresses despair because of situation 17. Immunization Inoculation ; taking vaccines to protect or prevent 18. N95 19. Disinfecting Using special chemicals that kill pathogenic agents on equipment

Patel 2 Cognitive Objectives 1. Define the emotional aspects of emergency care encountered by patients, patients families, and first responders a. Patients, their families, and first responders all go through stress. Patients and their families deal with grief and stress from the severity of the situation. First responders experience stress because they witness a lot of suffering and some cases may remind them of their own family making it harder to stay calm and composed. 2. Define the five stages in the normal reaction to death and dying a. There are five stages of reactions to death. Usually, first is denial where the person is unable to accept the situation. Then is anger, followed by bargaining. Bargaining is trying to make a deal to stop the death. Next is depression where the person begins to retreat from the world and becomes really silent. The final step is acceptance which is understanding that nothing can be done now. 3. Explain at least six signs and symptoms of stress. a. Some signs of stress are, symptoms of stress can be inability to concentrate, guilt, isolation, loss of appetite, and anxiety. 4. Explain the types of actions a first responder can take to reduce or alleviate stress. a. To alleviate or reduce stress a first responder should, eat a well balanced diet, drink lots of water, and be happy. 5. Describe the three phases in critical incident stress reduction. a. The three phases of CISR are, pre-incident stress education, on-scene peer support, and critical incident stress debriefing (CISD). Pre-incident stress education is to infor personnel about the stresses they will face. On-scene peer support is to help reduce the stress on scene. CISD is to relieve people of their feelings after the incident. 6. Discuss the importance of the body substance isolation (BSI). a. BSI is important because it helps protect emergency responders from contracting potential diseases. Also it helps stop the spreading of a disease. 7. Describe the universal precautions for preventing infectious diseases from bloodborne and airborne pathogens. a. The universal precautions are wearing appropriate gloves, wearing a protective mask, eyewear or face shield. Also washing all exposed skin immediately and not reusing or

Patel 3 touching needles are very important precautions. Finally, it is important to immunize yourself when possible. 8. Describe three types of scene safety. a. Make sure that the scene is safe use dispatch to get information about how hazardous the scene will be. Also drive safely to the scene; when at the scene park the vehicle to block the scene is necessary and if not park to the side leaving room for other emergency vehicles. 9. Describe ten types of hazards to look for when assessing he scene for unsafe conditions. a. Ten hazards to look for are traffic, crime or violence, crowds, electrical hazards, fire, hazardous materials, unstable objects, sharp objects, animals, and environmental conditions. 10. Describe the safety equipment that first responders should have available for their protection. a. First responders should have medical gloves, masks, and eye protection to protect against diseases. They should also have brightly colored clothing or vests to make them visible to drivers. Finally they should have heavy gloves and a hard hat or helmet in case of motor vehicle crashes. Vocabulary Story At a construction site, there are two men talking about a friends wifes death. George says to Tim Sam was in denial all last week. I really hope he got better this week. Tim replies Well I dont know about better, but his sister said that he was releasing his anger over the weekend. Well I dont know what is worse, anger or depression. When my uncle passed on, my aunt was in depression for a whole month, says George.That must have been tough, at least Sam isnt trying anything crazy like bargaining with God to bring her back, answers Tim.Oh, I almost forgot to ask you, what was that immunization you got your kids? My wife was asking, asks George. Tim replies, Oh we had them get the hepatitis B vaccine. You know how it is these days, with all these crazy diseases like AIDs and STDs we want to save the kids from as much as we can. Ya, you are totally right, this world is really dangerous, responded George. Then Tim asks, Hey do you know what the debriefing is about today? Oh, its about sterilizing and disinfecting the equipment in case someone has the flu or something. Apparantly a lot of people have been getting sick lately, answered George. Ok lets go/

Patel 4 Assessment in Action 1. What of the following hazards should you be most concerned about when attempting to help the patients? A. Vehicle instability 2. What is one of the first hazards you will need to consider when arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle accident? D. Traffic 3. Because both patients are bleeding heavily, what are the minimum standard precautions you should take? A. Hand washing and a mask 4. When are some of the signs and symptoms of job-related stress? D. All of the above 5. A stress-reducing diet includes all of the following EXCEPT: - D. Energy drinks 6. What personal protective equipment would you incorporate into our care of these patients? I would incorporate medical gloves, masks, and eye protection to protect against diseases and I would wear a bright vest to warn oncoming drivers of my presence. 7. What challenges beyond the normal range of emotions does a call like this present? This call represents the problem of facing young children in pain. It is hard for most people to see young children in pain and so it is hard to focus on the job. Also this case has a lot of blood involved which means that if any EMR comes in contact with the blood they are at risk. This means that the EMR has to extra careful. 8. What should you do if your clothing comes into contact with body fluid of a patient? Remove the clothing as quickly as possible and then take a shower in case any of the fluid contacted your body. Set the clothes apart in a bag that is marked and have it washed as soon as possible in hot, soapy water. 9. What are some of the emotional aspects that could impact an EMRs reaction to this call? An EMR can feel stress on this call because there is a young girl who is heavily bleeding and it could easily remind the EMR about a daughter, cousin, friend, niece, ect. Also the fact that both patients are heavily hurt, one of them may die causing grief for the EMR. 10. If, on arrival you notice the vehicle is on its side, what other concerns should you have before treating the patients? Seeing the vehicle on its side should make you concerned about the instability of the vehicle. It is very important to get the car stable as soon as possible because in this position it is very dangerous and could easily cause harm to any of the emergency responders.

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