PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Predisposing Factors Precipitating Factors - Hypertension (Type II) - Nephrosclerosis - Familial Hypertension: Sibling

Constriction of arteries that deliver blood to the kidneys

Decreased blood flow

Increase blood pressure

Release of hormones

Compensatory hypertension

Na & water retention

Pre-renal stage of Renal Failure

Destruction of nephrons (function unit of kidneys)

Decreased glomerular filtration rate <125mL/Min

Increased permeability of waste products to the protective membrane of renal capsule

Erythropoeitin production & activation in peritubular capillaries

Anuria Oliguria

Water & other electrolytes are not filtered

Damage basement membrane, podocytes, endothelium RBC Hct Plt

Accumulation to the blood

Negative substances are not repelled

Hgb

Mch

Protein (-) passes the glomerolus and renal tubules

Protenuria

Hypoalbuminemia (Low albumin)

Decreased oncotic pressure

Edema

Fluid shifts from intracellular to extracellular particularly at the interstitial compartment