W

-0-

? ? ?

-1-

11

11

12

12

12

12

13

15

19

23

W
W

31

32

32

32

33

34

34

-2-

34

35

37

38

42

W
W

50

50

50

50

51

51

51

52

53

55

58

60

60

60

61

64

W
W

72

-3-

72

74

78

80

84

85

85

88

88

89

93

97

100

101

104

105

-4-

W
W

W
-5-

-6-

EF

-7-

KKKKKKKKK

-8-

-9-

W
KEF W
W
K K1
K K2

K K3

K
K4

K5
K

90W
KE18FW
W
K J

K J
K J

K J
KData Show J

- 10 -

Electric Voltage

E1 J1F

E1 J1F

K


W
EVF

- 11 -

W
K EVoltF

( mV ) 1

( V ) 2

( KV )

W
K

E2 J1F

W
W
W J1

E F

K E2 J1F

- 12 -

E2 J2F

W J2

KE2F

E2 J3F

E2 J4F

- 13 -

E1F

14LL

D1
1N4001

L1
V

- 14 -

2
9 3

1
K12 2
A B

K 7
- 15 -

8
9

K 10
11
12

- 16 -

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

- 17 -

E2F

14LL

TR1
L1
12V

220V

+88.8
AC Volts

- 18 -

2
12 3

6
- 19 -

- 20 -

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

- 21 -

E3F

14LL

L1

12V

V
12V

+88.8
Volts

- 22 -

1
2

12

12

K 6
7
- 23 -

8
9

10
11

- 24 -

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

- 25 -

- 26 -

E F

W
EF

K1

K5

K2

K3

K4

EF

????

- 27 -

- 28 -

W
KEF W
W
K L1

KEF L2

K L3

K L4

K L5

L6
K

90W
KE18FW
W
K J
K J
K J
K J
KData Show J
W

K



- 29 -

Electrical Current

EF

1 J2

2 J2



- 30 -

( I )W
K

K( I )

K( A ) ( Ampre ) EF
Ampere

W
EmAF

EAF

K 1000 A
1 KA

- 31 -

1.000.000.000.000

1012

1.000.000.000

109

1.000.000

106

103

1.000
1

100

Tera
Giga
Mega
Kilo

0.001

10-3

Milli

0.000001

10-6

Micro

0.000000001

10-9

Nano

0.000000000001

10-12

Pico

W
50 000 V E1
25 000 000 E2
0.000036 A E3
56 000 000 E4
0.00047 A E5
0.025 A E6
2 x 106 E7
4 x 10-6 A E8

W

K J1

K J2

K3 J3

K3

K6
- 32 -

W
0.15 mA =
A
E1
1 mA=
A
E2
4500 V=
mV
E3
1000 V=
mV
E4
5000 nA=
A
E5
893 nA=
A
E6
1800 K=
M
E7
2.2 K=
M
E8
0.01 MV=
KV
E9
250 000 pA=
mA
E10
W

WAlternatingCurrent (AC)L1

KE3 J2F

3 J2

W (DC)Direct CurrentL2

EF(DC)
KE4 J2F

- 33 -

4 J2

W
WEF
K
K

K
K

W
E5 J2F
K

5 J2
- 34 -

W
E6 J2F

6 J2

W
E7 J2F
K

7 J2
W
E8 J2F
EF
KEF


- 35 -

8 J2

W
K

9 J2



- 36 -

E1F

14LL

TR
L1

220V

12V

220V-9V

+88.8

TR

mA

L1

220V

12V

220V-9V

- 37 -

9 3
4

1
2

- 38 -

5
6

7

8

- 39 -

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

- 40 -

E2F

14LL

L1
12V

V
12V

+88.8
mA

L1
12V

V
12V

- 41 -

3
4

10

- 42 -

1
2

5
6

7

8

- 43 -

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

- 44 -

KW

WW
WEF

WEF

- 45 -

E F

K
W

EF

K6

10

11

K7
K8
K9

EF
????

- 46 -

- 47 -

W
KEF W
W
K K1
KEF K2

K3
K

90W
KE18FW
W
K J
K J
K J
KData Show J
W

- 48 -

Electric Resistance

W
K
K( R )
W
EFEOhmF
W
(K)
( M)
W
WEF -1

WA -2
K
- 49 -

WELF -3
K
W -4

R

L

KEFA

W


W
W

W W

W
K

- 50 -

W
W -1
EF

K
K1 J3 ( 1

1
, 1 , 2 Wat )
2

1 J3
W -2
EFilmF
K
E3F

KE2F

2 J3

- 51 -

KE1F

W -3
K
K

3 J3
W
W

J1

J2

WEPotentiometerF

K

4 J3
- 52 -

W( LDR )

5 J3

W( THERMISTOR )

K

6 J3



- 53 -

W J1
K

E1F
K
E100FE0F

5% R = 10 100 =1KE5%F

W J2

E1F

E1MFE4FE0F

R = WE5%F

E7F 104 106 = 104M 5%

- 54 -

1%

10

2%

100

1K

10K

0.5%

100K

0.25%

1M

0.10%

10M

0.05%
5%

0.1

10%

0.01

- 55 -

- 56 -

W( SMT )

7 J3

K

123
12000
12 K
:
:
120 -1
222 -2
561 -3

- 57 -

K
M K R
R
MK
W
2K22.2 K
100R100

W
W
6K8 J1
100M J2
2R2 J3

- 58 -

8 J3
W
K

K
K9 J3

9 J3
- 59 -

14LL

R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
R8
R9
R10
- 60 -

- 61 -

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

- 62 -

E1F

14LL

- 63 -

- 64 -

6
7
8
9

W 10

- 65 -

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

- 66 -

KW

KW

KW

KW











- 67 -

E F
K
W
EF

K1
EF K2

K3

EF
????

- 68 -

- 69 -

W
W
K
W
K K1

K K2

K K3

K K4

K5
K

90W
KE48FW
W
K J
K

KData Show

- 70 -

EF

W
K

?I?

?V?

?R?

- 71 -

W
K10 V10
?
10
10

1
W

K20 V

W
R= 20 ; V= 100V E1
R= 20 ; V= 50V E2
R= 1K ; V= 50V E3
R= 10K ; V= 50V E4
R= 5M ; V= 25V E5
R= 1M ; V= 25V E6
R= 100M ; V= 50KV E7
R= 10M ; V= 2KV E8

- 72 -

E1F

J
14LL

R1
BAT1

- 73 -

2
3

100 1
220 2
2.2K 3
4.7K 4
6.8K 5

10 6
- 74 -

54 7
15 8

54 9
10

11
12

100

220
2.2 k

4.7 k

6.8 k

10
15

- 75 -

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

- 76 -

?V?

?I?

?R?
W

100

K2A

V=?

V = 200V

KMA1K1

- 77 -

W
R= 100 ; I= 5A

R= 100 ; I= 8A

R= 50 ; I= 5 MA

R= 22 ; I= 10 MA

R= 3.3K ; I= 10 MA

- 78 -

14LL

R1
BAT1

- 79 -

2
3

100 1
220 2
2.2K 3
4.7K 4
6.8K 5

- 80 -

E5F

10 6
54 7
15 8
54 9

10
11
12

100

1
2
3

220
2.2 k

I=

I=

I=

4.7 k

6.8 k

V=

I=

V=

I=

V=

I=

V=

I=

V=

V=

I=

V=

I=

V=

I=

V=

I=

V=

V=

I=

V=

I=

V=

I=

V=

I=

V=

- 81 -

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

- 82 -

?R?

?V?

?I?
W

V12

KA0.5

R = 24

KMA10V9

- 83 -

W
I= 3 MA ; V= 12V

I= 10 MA ; V= 12V

I= 5 MA ; V= 150V

I= 50A ; V= 50V

W
WESeriesF L1

1 J4

K1 J4

KBA

R1

R2

- 84 -

2
A

R1

R2

R3

3
A

R1

R2

4
A

R1
R2
R3

R4

- 85 -

5
A

R1

R2

R3

6
R2

R1
R3

R5

R4

7
R1

R2

R3

R4
B

- 86 -

- 87 -

E1F

14LL

R1

R2

- 88 -

R1

R3

R2

- 89 -

3 x 100

- 90 -

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

- 91 -

WEParallelFL2

2 J4

E4F

KB A

R1

R2

R3

R4
B

8

A

R1

R2

9

- 92 -

R1

R2

R3

10


A

R1

R2

11

A

R1

R2

R3

12

- 93 -

R1

R2
R3
R4

13
R2

R1

R3
R5

R4

14
:

- 94 -

R1

R2

680R

330R

- 95 -

E1F

14LL

R1

- 96 -

R2

2.2K 1
4.7K 2
3

- 97 -

- 98 -

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

- 99 -

W
K

E1F

14LL

R1

+88.8

2.2k

mA

15V

R2
4.7k

V
R3
6.8k

- 100 -

2
3

2.2K 1
4.7K 2
6.8K 3

6
7
- 101 -

8
9

10

R1
R2
R3

- 102 -

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

- 103 -

KE3 J4F

4 J4

- 104 -

E1F

14LL

+88.8

mA

BAT1
R1

- 105 -

R2

2
3

2.2K 1
4.7K 2

W 6
7

8
- 106 -

R1
R2

- 107 -

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

- 108 -

W
R1 = R2 = R3 = R4 = R5 = 100

ERT1FER5, R4, R3 F K1
RT1 = 100 +100 + 100 = 300
E RT2 FE R2 FERT1F K2
RT2 = RT1 // R2 = 75
KER1FERT2F K3
RT = 100 + 75 = 175

- 109 -

{
KEOhm MeterF

5 J4
ER4,R3FER1,R2FE4 J4F
K

ER2,R1FEBFEAFEVA,VBF

E+6VFEAFE10010FER4,R3F

{ E+3VFEBF{ER4,R3F
EBFE3VFEAF E6VF

EShortFEOpenF
KECircuit OKF

- 110 -

CIRCUIT OK

6V

3V

R1OPEN

R2OPEN

12V

6V

R3OPEN

6V

R4OPEN

6V

6V

C OPEN

12V

6V

D OPEN

6V

6V

R1 SHORT

12V

6V

R2 SHORT

R3 SHORT

6V

6V

R4 SHORT

6V

- 111 -

KW

KW

KW













112

E F

K
W

EF

K4
K5

K6

K7

K8

EF
????

113

114

W
W
W
K K1
K K2

K K3

K4
K

90W
KE10FW
W
K J
K J

K J
KData Show J

115

WEElectric PowerF
EBFEAFE qFEWF

K(W)

EJFWW W
ESFWT

EWFEWattFWP

K1005

P = 20 W

116

W
KE F

KEF
WEF
KEK.W.HF

EK.W.HFWW W
WT

EWFEWattFWP

10100 W

W
1400 W

E1

5100 000 W

E3

2500 W

8250 W

117

E2

E4

3

100 W

100110

K10

W = V I T
W
V 110
I
1A
R 110

W
W W

WW

P = I V = 110 1 = 110W

WW

W = P.T = 110 100

=11000W.H
=11K.W.H

WW

= 11 10 = 110





118

W

W

K
W

WI W
WR

EWattFWP

10

K2

P = 10 V X 2A
P = 20 W

119

W
R = 47 ; I = 2A E1
V= 50 V ; R = 10 E2
V= 10 V ; I = 4A E3

1 J5

120

E1F

14LL

R1
BAT1

121

2
3

1 K

10

6
122

7
8

9
10
11
12

123

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

124

125

E F

K
W
EF

K9
K10
K11

EF
????

126

127

W
W
W
K J1
K J2

K J3

K J4

J5

90W
KE18FW
W
K J
K J

K J

KData Show J

128

Capacitor

E 1 J 6F
K

1 J6

W
EF

E 1 J 6F E F

EFK

129

2 J6

EF

EFE

{
K

?F?ECF

W
?V?EqF

q
C ......F
W
v

KEPFFENFFEFF
130

E10VF W
KE100CF

q 100 10 6
10 F
C
v
10

W
AW

D W

RW

KC
W

131

KKKK{

W J1
E3 J6F

K{

3 J6

W J2

KE4 J6F

132

4 J6
W J3

{K

{
KE{{F

W J4

133

W J5
K

KE7F

5 J6
W J6

WEF J7

K
K

134

KE6 J6F

6 J6
W
K -1
K -2
-3
K1K

135

W
W L1

E10F

136

W L2

E11F

137

E7 J6FE
K

7 J6

K
X1R

138

W
J1
J2
J3
J4





















139

E1F

14LL

R
10k

C
100uF

V
10V

140

R
10k

D?

DIODE-LED

100uF

2
3

141

100 F 2
10 K 3

6
7

142

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

143

E1F

14LL

1
2
3

144

1
5

F
E

145

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

146

E1F

14LL

1
2
3

147

148

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

149

. W1

.K W2
KW3

. W4

. W5
KW6

















150

E F

K
W
EF

K12
K13

K14
K15
K16

EF

????

151

152

W
EF W
K
W
K K5
K K6
K K7

K8
K

90W
KE32FW
W
K J
K J

K J

KData Show J

153

Alternating Current (A.C)

W

W
K
W

EF J1

EF J2

K
W

154

J1

J2

1 - 7

E1F

EF
K

EF

KE2F


155

2 J7

156

3 J7

4 J7
157

5 J7

WEperiodictimeFT L1

(s)

6 J7

158

7 J7

WEFrequencyFFL2

EHzF

EFF

159

8 J7

9 J7

W

160

t=2sW

1
1

500
F

6
T 2 10

W
WEVmaxFL1
KEVpF
WEVminFL2
EVpF
WEVp-pFL3
VPP=2VpW
4
WEVrmsFL
110 V
W
V max
Vrms

2
161

V = IR

WL8

Vrms = Irms R
= 14.14 12 = 169.68V

162

WEFW
K

W
K1

W
K1


W
W

163

164

E5F

Power

Intensity

Toggle

Display

Autoset

Volt/Div
CH1

W
J1
K(FocusF
J2
K

CH1
CH1VOLT/DIV

EFACW
EFGNDEFDC
CH1

Position
AVR

7
8

CH1

10

CH2

11

12

AVR

13

EFACW
EFGNDEFDC
CH2
CH2Volt/Div
165

Volt/Div
CH2
CH2

Position

Position
CH1 ,CH2
CH2 CH1

CH1,CH2

F
E

14
15
16
17

18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

29

Levle

30

166

W
W
0.5Z(1
2Z
Vpp= 3 V
T= 20 mS

50Z(2

0.1Z
Vpp= 250 mV
T= 600 S

167

5Z(3

2Z
Vpp= 20 V
T= 4 S

168

W( Function Generator )

169

E1F

14LL

1
2
3

GND

Focus

Y Pos

Focus
170

4
5

6
7
X POS 8
ACGND 9

10
5 Vp60 Hz

F 11
E
12

171

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

172

E1F

14LL

Vrms

Vpp = 8V 10 mS

Vp = 4 V

60 Hz

Function Generator 1
Oscilloscope 2
Multimeter 3

173

Volt Division =.... Time Division= ..

Volt Division =.... Time Division= ..

174

175

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

176

K W1
J J J JW W2
K

177

E F
K
W
EF

K17
K18

K19
K20

EF

????
K

178

179

W
W

W

KL1

KL2
KL3

KL5

L5

KL6

L7
K

90W
KE16FW
W
K J
K J

K J

KData Show J

180

W
E1831F
(

Induction )
K

K
W( Coil )

K( Induction )

( Electromagnetic Induction )W

KE

181

W( e . m . f ) KK
J1

J2

J3

W J
EF

{
K

182

W J
{
EF

EF

K( Mutual Induction )

( e . m . f )EF

183

( e . m . f )

K
K

F
E

??

184

WE Induction F
K

K ( L )

W
" h "
1h = 1wb / 1A
( 1A )
( 1 wb )

1mh = 10-3 h J1

1h = 10-6 h J2

W( N )

W
L = ( N * ) / I
.. ( h )
W
( h )L
wb

AI

Turn N

185

WEF

WEF J1

( ) ( L )

( m )EF

W( A ) J2

( A )( L )

( m2 )2( A )

186

W( ) J3

( r = 1 )( r )

W( o )
( o = 4 * 10-4 = 1.25 * 10-6 v.sec / A.m )

W( N ) J4

( N2 )( L )

W
L = ( N2 * r * o * A ) /

187

EF

188

W
W

J1

J2
J3

EF

189

W J1

W
LT = L1 + L2 + L3 + .. +Ln

W J2

W
1 / LT = 1 / L1 + 1 / L2 + 1 / L3 + ..... + 1 / Ln

W
LT = ( L1 * L2 ) / ( L1 + L2 )

K

190

191

W J1
WEF

J1

J2

J3
WEF

J1

J2
J3

J4

W J2

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKEF
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKEF

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKEF
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

W( x )EF J3

EFEF
EFEF

EFEF

J4


192

193

E F

K
W

EF

K21
K22

K23
K24

K25
K26

EF

????
K





194

195

W
K W
W
K J1
K J2

K J3

K J4

K J5

J6

90W
KE16FW
W
K J
K J

K J

KData Show J

196

TRANSFORMERS

W

K

1 J9
W
W

J1

J2

197

2 J9

J1

J2

J3

W
W

J1

198

120 E1
K600200

120 E2
K30075




199

J2

120 E1

K1050

200

120 E2

K120250

201

J3

J4

3 J9

202

W
100
500100
K

203

W
K

K
K

204

E1F

14LL

1
2
3

205

206

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

207

208

E F

K
W
EF

K27
EF K28

K29

EF

????
K








209

210

W
W
W
J1
J2
J3
J4
J5

90W
KE14FW
W
K J
K J

K J
KData Show J

211

RELAYS
W

1 - 10

W


W
J1
J2

212

2 J10

213

3 J10

4 J10

214

5 J10
:
(SPST). J1
(SPDT). J2
(DPST). J3
(DPDT). J4

6 J10
215

W
W
W J1
12050

216

E1F

14LL

220 V

SW1
SW-SPST

RL1
RLY-SPNO

BAT1
5V

L1
220V

2
3

5 1
220 2
3
217

12

218

LL
14

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J2KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J4KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J3
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK J5

GE50F

2 J0

4 J3 6 J5

8 J7

10 J9

J1

J2

J3

J1

J2

15

50

15

15

100

219

W
J1
J2

220

E F
K
W
EF

K30
K31
K32

EF

????
K

221

Boylestad

Introductry To Electric Circurts

T. Floyd 2000

Electrical Fundamentals

T. Floyd 2009

Electronics Fundamentals
Lhttp://www.allaboutcircuits.com

222

223