Mass of water Initial conditions

1 kg 20 C

300 kPa

0.1 m3 210 215 0.10441 0.09479

Final condition 0.1 m3 vg through table Saturated vapor Pisron pins are locked Final temperature 212.2921 212.2921 Volume 0.1 m3 work done f (PdV) has to be zero as the change in volume is zero.

Initially mass 1 kg Temp 20 C Pressure 300 kPa Liner spring is mounted on the piston Final conditions pressure 3 Mpa Volume 0.1 m3 From steam table P@sat 2.339 kPa vf 0.001002 m3/kg uf 83.94 kJ/kg Volume initial Work done by the gas Final temperature 0.001002 m3 163.3467 kJ 403.7603

through steam table Work is done by the system as th 400 0.09936 450 0.10787 work done can also be calculated by the considering the spring as the system. It can be easily proved that work is area covere

Work is done by the system as the system moves against of the external force applied.

y proved that work is area covered between two coordinates (P1,V1) & (P2,V2)

73.8 W 1062.72 KJ

CO2 Initial condition P 200 kPa T 290 K Initial gas height Density of metal piston Patm 101 kPa Volume of the piston Mass of the piston Pext

0.1 m 8000 kg/m3

0.000785 m3 6.283185 kg 108.848 kPa

Assuming CO2 as ideal gas Final conditions T

290 K

Piston is supposed to stop after forming equlibrium with Pext Assuming final conditions P(aF) 108.848 kPa V(F) 0.183742 m Then piston is hitting the top V(F) 0.001178 m3 Work done by CO2 0.042745 kJ

P proportional to D2 Initial conditions mass 2 x 0.6 Temp 0 Spec. Vol 0.174146 Pi 429.6 Volume 0.348293 C 563.7679 Final Conditions Pf 600 Final diameter (Df) work done

P=CD2 kg of ammonia From property table C m3/kg kPa m3 kPa/m2 0.001566 Radius 0.436468 m Diameter Di 0.2892

kPa 1.031634 m 117.1798

radius

0.574877 C*PI()/10*(Df^5-Di^5)

0.872935 m

spring loaded piston/cylinder assembly Initial Conditions Temp Ti 500 C Pressure Pi 3 Mpa m 1 kg Vi 0.11619 m3 C 25819.78 Kpa/m3 P = CV is applicable for setup Final state is saturated vapor Pf 2269.797 Kpa Vf 0.087909 m3 work done -74.5169 kJ

water

from steam table

T 500

P F & P V thus it is linear spring Interpolation for the final con 20074.27 2000 0.09963 25352.11 2250 0.08875 25819.78 2269.797 0.088056 31257.81 2500 0.07998

v 0.11619

u 3107.92

h 3456.48

s 7.2337

Interpolation for the final condition

R-134a Initial Temp Ti Pressure Pi Mass Volume

110 600 1 0.04943

C kPa kg m3

From property table v u h s 0.04943 467.94 497.59

1.9758

Intermediate state v=vg 0.04943 m3/kg Pint 416.0014 kPa Final state Vf=Vl at given condition work done between 2-3

From property table 10 415.8 10.01366 416.0014 15 489.5

0.04945 0.04943 0.04213

0.000794 m3/kg -20.2326 kJ

Frictionless piston mass M Pressure Pi Temperature Ti specific volume vi Final Conditions Pressure Pf Quality Temp Tf volume

5 1000 140 0.0315

kg kPa C m3/kg 35 39.34312 40

From steam table v u h 0.0315 493.81

525.3

1000 kPa 0.25 39.37 C 0.005759333 m3/kg

vl vlg 887.6 0.000857 0.02224 1000 0.000871 0.019556 1017 0.000873 0.01915

Now work done

-157.5 kJ

s 2.0061 vg ul ulg uf hl hlg hg sl slg 1.1673 0.5465 1.1878 0.524698 1.1909 0.5214

0.0231 248.34 148.68 397.02 249.1 168.42 417.52 0.020425 254.6896 144.4498 399.1394 255.5626 163.9553 419.5178 0.02002 255.65 143.81 399.46 256.54 163.28 419.82

sg 1.7139 1.71529 1.7123

mass Initial conditions Pressure Pi quality specific volume vi

10 kg

water From property table

100 kPa 0.5 0.847522 m3/kg

0.001043

1.69296

1.694

Final conditions specific volume vf 2.542565 Final pressure 200 Temp Tf 829.0748 volume Vf 25.42565 work given out of the water

m3/kg Kpa C m3 3390.086 kJ

From property table 800 2.47539 829.0748 2.542565 900 2.70643

Question no 17 Initial conditions mass pressure Pi quality Specific volume vi Temperature Ti Final Conditions Pressure Pf Final temp Tf Specific Volume Vf volume work associated

0.1 kg 100 kpa 0.25 0.424282 m3/kg 99.62

Intermediate temp 151.86 0.37489 199.3863 0.424282 200 0.42492

500 300 0.52256 0.052256 4.913888

kPa C m3/kg m3 kJ

417.33

2088.72

2506.06

R-134 a Initial Conditions Temp Ti 20 C quality 0.2 Volume 0.05 m3 Final conditions Last drop of the liquid disappears at temperature of 40 C