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BIO 100 UNIT 6 PRACTICE TEST Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. 1. In pea plants, the allele for purple flowers (P) is dominant over the allele (p) for white flowers. In a cross between a purple-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant, all 15 of the offspring plants had purple flowers. !hich of the following most li"el# describes the cross above$ a. pp % pp b. Pp % Pp c. PP % pp d. PP % PP . !hich of the following is an e%ample of a qualitative trait$ a. human height b. human s"in color c. &untington's disease d. e#e color (. !hich of the following is a true statement about chromosome number$ a. Among all "nown living creatures, humans have the most chromosomes. b. Animals have more chromosomes than plants. c. )u"ar#otes have more chromosomes than pro"ar#otes. d. *arger organisms alwa#s have larger numbers of chromosomes. +. ,i-#gotic twins are the result of. a. one embr#o splitting to become two embr#os. b. two eggs each being fertili-ed b# two different sperm. c. one sperm fertili-ing two different eggs. d. one egg being fertili-ed b# two different sperm. 5. /ongenital night blindness is caused b# a dominant autosomal allele (0). 1he night blindness allele (0) is completel# dominant over the normal allele (b). 2uppose a man is homo-#gous for this trait and his wife is normal. !hat is the probabilit# for their children having the trait$ a. 34 b. 54 c. 534 d. 1334 5. 66666666 twins, or identical twins, have identical sets of chromosomes. a. di-#gotic b. mono-#gotic c. hetero-#gotic d. homo-#gotic

7. !hich of the following groups would #ou e%pect to have the lowest variance when it comes to height$ a. a group of 8oc"e#s b. all of the students on the 9ima ,owntown /ampus c. all of the students who use the 0iolog# *earning /enter d. a group of spectators at a baseball game :. A 66666666 trait (for e%ample, height or s"in color) shows continuous variation. a. quantitative b. qualitative c. artificial d. natural ;. Ignoring crossing over, segregation of alleles occurs when. a. homologous chromosomes separate during meiosis. b. homologous chromosomes separate during mitosis. c. sister chromatids separate during meiosis. d. sister chromatids separate during mitosis. 13. If the ,<A contained in the chromosomes of an organism are similar to an instruction manual, then what are the genes =instructing= the cell to do$ a. grow in si-e until a certain point is reached, then reproduce itself b. convert carboh#drates into en-#mes c. change shape and structure to meet the demands of the local environment d. s#nthesi-e specific proteins from amino acids 11. A dominant genetic disorder, such as &untington>s disease, can occur in which of the following$ a. a homo-#gous recessive genot#pe onl#. b. a homo-#gous dominant genot#pe onl#. c. a hetero-#gous genot#pe onl#. d. a homo-#gous dominant genot#pe and a hetero-#gous genot#pe. 1 . /#stic fibrosis is caused b# the allele ?f@, which is completel# recessive to the normal dominant allele ?A@. /onsider a couple in which both the man and woman have the genot#pe ?Af@. !hat is the chance that their first child will develop c#stic fibrosis$ a. 54 b. 534 c. 754 d. 1334 1(. /#stic fibrosis is caused b# the allele ?f@, which is completel# recessive to the normal dominant allele ?A@. /onsider a couple in which both the man and woman have the genot#pe ?Af@. !hat is the chance that their 2)/B<, child will develop c#stic fibrosis$

a. 54 b. 534 c. 754 d. 1334 1+. 0oth a man and a woman are hetero-#gous for frec"les. Arec"les (A) are completel# dominant over no frec"les (f). !hat is the chance that their child will have frec"les$ a. 54 b. 534 c. 754 d. 1334 15. /ombined, #our parents could have produced as man# as 66666666 different t#pes of children, geneticall# spea"ing. a. : million b. +5 c. :5 d. 5+ trillion 15. A recessive genetic disorder, such as c#stic fibrosis, onl# occurs when an individual has. a. one cop# of the mutant allele. b. two copies of the mutant allele. c. a hetero-#gous genot#pe. d. a homo-#gous dominant genot#pe. 17. !hich of the following is an e%ample of a quantitative trait$ a. human height b. c#stic fibrosis c. &untington's disease d. flower color in Cendel>s pea plants 1:. A pol#genic trait. a. can onl# be caused b# recessive alleles. b. is determined b# two or more genes. c. is the result of cross-fertili-ation. d. is the result of self-fertili-ation. 1;. !hich if the following is the correct sequence of how an animal is =built=$ a. fertili-ation D meiosis D -#gote D embr#o b. meiosis D fertili-ation D -#gote D embr#o c. fertili-ation D -#gote D meiosis D embr#o d. meiosis D fertili-ation D embr#o D -#gote

3. &alf of the gametes produced b# an organism with the genot#pe Aa will receive the A allele, while half will receive the a allele. 1his is a demonstration of. a. mutation and new allele formation b. random fertili-ation and differentiation c. segregation and independent assortment. d. mitosis and differentiation 1. 1he bell-shaped curve is used to depict the 66666666 of aEan 66666666 trait. a. normal distributionF qualitative b. normal distributionF quantitative c. prediction of heritabilit#F pol#genic d. frequenc# distributionF intelligence-determining . !hich of the following is a result of crossing over during meiosis$ a. /hromosomes with new combinations of alleles are created. b. ,ominant alleles tend to be inherited together. c. Gametes contain much less than one half of the genetic information of the parent that produced them. d. Gametes contain much more than one half of the genetic information of the parent that produced them. (. !hen a dominant allele has different effects between hetero-#gous individuals and homo-#gous individuals, the phenomenon is called. a. continuous variation. b. complete dominance. c. pol#genic inheritance. d. incomplete dominance. +. A mutation in a gene. a. might have no effect on the protein encoded b# the gene. b. must result in the creation of a nonfunctional protein. c. can't result in a protein with a new function. d. invariabl# results in a change in the phenot#pe of an organism.

5. &air color is produced b# several different genes. It is still not clear e%actl# how man# are involved, but we will assume that + genes are involved (e.g., AA00//,, produces blac" hair, AA0b/cdd produces light brown hair, aa0bccdd produces ver# light blonde hair). 1hus, hair color is based on the number of dominant alleles. : dominant alleles H blac" 7 dominant alleles H ver# dar" brown 5 dominant alleles H dar" brown 5 dominant alleles H brown + dominant alleles H light brown ( dominant alleles H brown mi%ed with blonde dominant alleles H blonde 1 dominant alleles H ver# light blonde 3 dominant alleles H almost white !hat would be the hair color for the genot#pe Aa0a/cdd$ a. ver# dar" brown b. brown c. blond d. brown mi%ed with blonde 66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666 6 Answers. 1. c .c (. c +. b 5. d 5. b 7. a :. a ;. a 13. d 11. d 1 .a 1(. a 1+. c 15. d 15. b 17. a 1:. b 1;. b 3. c 1. b .a (. d +. a

5. d