T T V V R R C C

THERMALVOLUMEREDUCTION&CONVERSION
Innovativewastetoenergy technologycombininga thermalvolumereductionsystemcoupledwithPEATs proprietaryplasmaarcgasification/vitrification system calledPlasmaThermalDestruction&Recovery (PTDR) Maximizeselectricity generation Minimizesresidual byproducttreatmentwithno secondarypollution
PEATInternational 555,SkokieBlvd,Suite350 NorthbrookIL60062 USA Tel:847.559.8567 Fax:847.291.3704 EMail:dripes@peat.com

Allfeedstockrepresentsa100%wastediversion, eliminatingtheneedforlandfilldisposal WiththeTVRCtechnologyallwaste and/orfurtherprocessing. Highvolume andweight reductions Eliminatespresortingofwastefeedstocks zerowaste,theholygrail for
wastedisposal. JosephRosin,PEATChairman

streamsareconvertedintoelectricity oruseableendproducts Icallthat

TechnologyOverview
Thethermalvolumereductionsystem(TVR)consistsoffivemajor subsystems: Wastestoragearrangement Feedingsystem Hightemperaturereactor/boilerandenergyrecoverysystem Fluegascleaningsystem Ashhandlingsystem The feeding subsystem includes several hydraulic actuators that control the feedrate for various sections of the high temperature reactor/boiler. Each hydraulic actuator is controlled by the process control system. The control system then adjusts each hydraulic cylinder stroke and speed, as result, the wastefeedrate isoptimized. Wasteprocessingoccursinahightemperature(over850C)reactor/boilervia a reciprocating grate system consisting of high alloy steel casing grates (thus air cooling is sufficient). Each high temperature reactor/boiler (offered in 250 TPD modules)iscapableofproducingapproximately50tons/hourofsteam(450C)at3.82MPa (assumedcalorificvalueof 2,800kcal/kg).Duringprocessing,municipalsolidwaste(MSW)ismovedalongthethreesectionsofthegratedarea.The first section dries the MSW, while the second section oxidizes the MSW and the third section cools the remaining materialtoreducethetemperatureoftheashandallowsthesystemtorecoversomeresidualheat.Theheatgenerated is converted into electricity via an energy recovery system consisting of a steam generator (boiler with 75% efficiency), steamturbine,powergenerator,watertreatmentsystemandheatexchanger. Any fly ash generated in the thermal volume reduction system is transferred to a PTDR System where it is melted and reformed into a vitrified matrix product. Applications for this vitrified matrix product include roadbed/fill construction andconcreteaggregate. ThePTDRSystemconsistsof6majorsubsystems: Solidwastefeedingsystem Syngas PlasmaReactor 1,200kWe PlasmagraphiteelectrodeSystemwithanInsulatedGate BipolarTransistorpowersupply Vitrified Waste PTDR GasCleaning &ConditioningSystem Product SyngasAccumulationandUtilizationSystem InducedDraftFans Electricity Steam Liquid Fuels Natural Gas Offset

Concrete Aggregate Roadbed/Roadfill Construction Tiles

ThePTDRtechnologyusesheatgeneratedbyplasmaelectrodesortorchesinanoxygenstarved environment to process Metal Alloys theinorganicflyash.Thevitrifiedmatrixproductistheresultofoperatingtemperatures above themelting temperature HCL/Na2S Solutions of the mineral matter in the fly ash. Under these conditions in the PTDR reactor, nonvolatile metals and metal oxides bind together in molten form until it is cooled via natural heat loss or via a pool of water, where it would fracture and granulate.Thismatrixisprimarilymadeofsilicondioxide(SiO2),aluminumoxide(Al2O3)andcalciumoxide(CaO). Anyorganicportionoffeedstocks arepulledaparttotheirbasiclevels(dissociated),then,dependingonthecomposition of the waste stream, a controlled (stoichiometric) amount of oxygen (either in the form of steam or pure oxygen) is added to reform the dissociated elements of the waste into a synthesis gas ("syngas"), consisting mainly of Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Hydrogen (H2). This process is commonly referred to as plasma gasification. The system derives its energyfromplasmaheat,thuswasteswithlittleornocalorific valuecanbeeffectivelyandefficientlytreated.

TVRCProcessOverview
~15 MW ~15 MW ~15TPD MSW MSW 500 TPD 500 TPD Ash & Ash & APCD APCD System System Catches Catches Vitrified Vitrified Product Product ~15TPD ~15TPD

Boiler/ Boiler/ Reactor Reactor

PTDR PTDR

Syngas Syngas

Bottom Bottom Ash Ash ~100TPD

Clean Clean Flue Gas FlueGas

WWTS WWTS

In the above example, 500 TPD of unsorted MSW is processed in the high temperature boiler/reactor, while the 15 TPD of fly ash (3% of MSW processed) is converted into the input for construction materials. Approximately 15 TPD of remainingcapacity is available in the PTDR system to treat other feedstocks such as hazardous or industrial waste. The bottom ash generated (around 20% of quantity processed in the high temperature reactor/boiler)iscollectedandprovidedand/orsoldascementaggregate.

EnvironmentalAdvantages
Convertspotentiallyhazardousashintoconstructionmaterials
Approximately5,000metrictonsperyearofvitrifiedproduct

MaximumenergygenerationfromMSW Alternativetofossilfuels
Over15MWgeneratedfrom500TPDofMSW

Minimalwaterconsumptionandwastewatergeneration
Onsitesystemtorecycleeffluentgeneratedbyeithersystem

ReducesGreenhouseGasEmissions
Approximately95,000MTCEestimated(basedonabovescenario)

Avoidsgeneratingharmfulairemissions
Significantinvestmentingascleaning&conditiontomeetUSA& EUstandards

PEATInternational
FoundedinJuly2001 Globalleaderforplasmaarcgasificationsystems Sizesavailablefrom1 30metrictonsperday SixPTDRsystemsinstalledtodateinfourcountries

RecentProjectExperience:TVR
Facility Commission Approx. Date Size(TPD)
2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 1,500 1,180 1,465 1,600 1,215 1,600 1,465 1,465 1,465 1,400 2,000

Size (MW)
42 33 41 45 34 45 41 41 41 39 55
230 TPD Tao Yuan (Taiwan) Waste Destruction Plant

Luzhou,LuanAnhui Shengyi,HuizhouGuangdong Liren,LuanAnhui Qixiang,XiaoxianAnhui Dolin,BinyangGuangxi Der,KaiyuanLiaoning Wulian,ShaoguanGuangdong TianlanII,ChengduSichuan TianlanI,ChengduSichuan BamailongHengshui,Hebei S.KichaiWoodPanel,Thailand

RecentProjectExperience:PTDR
In late 2010, a PTDR100 system was commissioned in Northern China for a large oil refinery to treat petroleum sludge and other related waste streams. After completing its demonstrations, this plant was installed permanently in Shanghai, where it is currently being commissionedforcommercialmedicalwastetreatment.
Shanghai, China

In2010,aPTDR100systemwascommissionedatacommercialR&D foundry. Locating and permitting a system in California the most stringent air emission state illustrates the minimal environmental footprintassociatedwiththePTDRtechnology.
Sacramento, CA / USA

In 2008, a PTDR100 system was commissioned in Gujarat, India. The system processed a wide range of solid waste streams, including hazardous waste, medical waste, industrial waste and pharmaceutical waste. The system was recommissioned in Taichung, Taiwan in 2011.
Taichung, taiwan