Aguarague INFORME FINAL Sep-2007

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague
INDICE DEL DOCUMENTO

I ASPECTOS GENERALES DEL REA DE INFLUENCIA DEL ESTUDIO.......................................................1 II ANALISIS Y DIAGNOSTICO DE LA UNIDAD DE CONSERVACIN.............................................................9 III LEVANTAMIENTO DE INFORMACION BIOFISICA.....................................................................................47 IV COMPONENTE BIOTICO..............................................................................................................................67 V NIVEL DE ENDEMISMO.-...............................................................................................................................82 VI POTENCIALIDADES.-...................................................................................................................................94 VII PROPUESTA DE CATEGORIA DE MANE O PARA LA SERRANIA........................................................97 VIII FIC!A TECNICA........................................................................................................................................1"2 I# CONCLUSIONES ........................................................................................................................................1"4 # RECOMENDACIONES.................................................................................................................................1"6 #I BIBLIOGRAFIA............................................................................................................................................1"7
INDICE DE CUADROS
INDICE DE GRAFICOS
ANEXOS PROPUESTA DE PROYECTO DE LEY ESPECIES DE FAUNA Y FLORA ESQUEMA METODOLGICO MAPAS DE REFERENCIAS MAPA DE USO ACTUAL DE LA TIERRA MAPA DE ZONIFICACION AGROECOLOGICO (ZAE)
PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L. PREFECTURA DE CHUQUISACA
ii
MAPA GEOLOGICO FOTOS FOTOCOPIAS DE ACTAS
PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.
PREFECTURA DE CHUQUISACA
1 Socia!
Estudio de Justificacin Tcnica
"SERRAN#A DEL AGURAGUE$ I ' AS%ECTOS GENERALES DEL &REA DE INFLUENCIA DEL ESTUDIO INTRODUCCI(N ) ANTECEDENTES
Las reas Proteg !as "AP# so$ %reas geogr%& 'as 'o$ re(e)a$tes 'o*+o$e$tes , o&-s 'os . '/(t/ra(es (&a/$a0 &(ora0 +a sa1es0 e'os ste*as0 , e$es $at/ra(es . '/(t/ra(es)0 s/1etas a /$ *ar'o (ega( e $st t/' o$a( !e& $ !o0 'o$ e( & $ !e gara$t 2ar (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ !e s/s 'o*+o$e$tes e$ ,e$e& ' o !e( +atr *o$ o !e (a $a' 3$ . !e (a 4/*a$ !a!5 Co$st t/.e$ terr tor os !est $a!os a (a a!* $ stra' 3$0 *a$e1o . +rote'' 3$ !e( a*, e$te0 !e (os , e$es '/(t/ra(es . !e (os $at/ra(es0 ta$to &(or-st 'os 'o*o &a/$-st 'os5 Las %reas +roteg !as 4a$ !e*ostra!o ser e( *e! o *%s *+orta$te . e&e't )o +ara (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ in situ !e (os e'os ste*as $at/ra(es . !e s/ , o! )ers !a!5 As * s*o0 se 'o$st t/.e$ 'o*o es+a' os !e o+ort/$ !a!es +ara +ro*o)er e( !esarro((o r/ra( s/ste$ta,(e a tra)6s !e (a +(a$ea' 3$ !e( /so !e( s/e(o 'o$ /$a +ers+e't )a !e 'o$ser)a' 3$ . e7/ !a! e$ (a ! str ,/' 3$ !e (os ,e$e& ' os5 Las %reas +roteg !as !e,e$ ser e$te$! !as 'o*o es+a' os 7/e +ro*/e)e$ (a $tegra' 3$ !e (a e'o$o*-a $a' o$a( !e /$a *a$era s/ste$ta,(e . +er* te$ *a$e1ar (as a*e$a2as a (a , o! )ers !a! e$ &or*a $tegra(5 La ! )ers !a! , o(3g 'a . '/(t/ra( !e /$ +a-s $tegra e( +atr *o$ o !e( 'o$1/$to !e (a so' e!a!0 . !e,e +or e((o ser 'o$ser)a!a0 resg/ar!a!a e $'re*e$ta!a e$ ,e$e& ' o !e to!os s/s 4a, ta$tes5 La e8+er e$' a 4 st3r 'a !e*/estra 7/e0 a,a$!o$a!os a (as reg(as !e( *er'a!o . a (a *a.or o *e$or 'o$' e$' a 9e'o(3g 'a: . '/(t/ra( !e (os age$tes e'o$3* 'os0 (os , e$es $at/ra(es . '/(t/ra(es s/&re$ /$ !eter oro 'o$sta$te . +rogres )o 7/e ! re'ta o $! re'ta*e$te )a e$ !etr *e$to !e (a +o,(a' 3$ e$ s/ 'o$1/$to5 E( Esta!o t e$e e$to$'es e( !e,er !e gara$t 2ar (a +reser)a' 3$ !e ! '4o +atr *o$ o a tra)6s !e( /so s/ste$ta,(e !e estos , e$es0 !e &or*a ta( 7/e (as a't ) !a!es 7/e se !esarro((e$ e$ e( +rese$te $o 'o*+ro*eta$ e( &/t/ro . 7/e (os $tereses 'o(e't )os !e (a so' e!a! sea$ resg/ar!a!os5
Des!e ! &ere$tes es'e$ar os $ter$a' o$a(es 'o*o so$0 (a Co$)e$' 3$ !e ;as4 $gto$ so,re <e((e2as Es'6$ 'as0 Fa/$a . F(ora S ()estres (=5>?@)A (a U$ 3$ I$ter$a' o$a( +ara (a Co$ser)a' 3$ !e (a Nat/ra(e2a . !e (os Re'/rsos Nat/ra(es (UICN)A e( Fo$!o M/$! a( !e (a Nat/ra(e2a (;;F)A (a Co$)e$' 3$ !e D )ers !a! < o(3g 'a s/s'r ta +or $/*erosos +a-ses (=5>>@)A e( IB Co$greso M/$! a( !e Par7/es Na' o$a(es . Otras Areas Proteg !as0 rea( 2a!o e$ Be$e2/e(a e$ =>>@ . e( +r *er Co$greso a $ )e( !e A*6r 'a Lat $a so,re este te*a0 rea( 2a!o e$ Sa$ta Marta e$ =>>C0 se 4a$ 4e'4o ((a*a!os es+e' a(es . re'o*e$!a' o$es +ara 7/e (os +a-ses esta,(e2'a$ e$ s/s terr tor os S ste*a !e Areas Proteg !as o %reas !o$!e se re7/ era to*ar *e! !as es+e' a(es +ara 'o$ser)ar (a ! )ers !a! , o(3g 'a0 +re)a(e' e$!o (a ) s 3$ !e (ograr /$a re+rese$tat ) !a! !e to!os (os e'os ste*as . +roteger %reas 7/e est%$ ser a*e$te a*e$a2a!as . 7/e so$ !e gra$ )a(or +or s/ , o! )ers !a! . !e ,e$e& ' o +ara e( 4o*,re !es!e (a 3+t 'a !e( !esarro((o soste$ ,(e. Des!e (a 'rea' 3$ !e( +r *er Par7/e Na' o$a( e$ =5DC@ e$ EEUU e( Par7/e Na' o$a( Ye((oEsto$e0 se 4a$ )e$ !o !e'(ara$!o0 a $ )e( */$! a(0 'er'a !e @5D?F Par7/es Na' o$a(es (a+ro85 G * ((o$es !e H*@)0 I>5FFF Par7/es Estata(es o Pro) $' a(es (a+ro85 IDF5FFF H*@) . +or (o *e$os /$as ?5@FF Areas Proteg !as !e (a So' e!a! C ) ( (a+ro85 ?F5FFF H*@)0 7/e res+o$!e$ a (as ! &ere$tes +r or !a!es !e 'o$ser)a' 3$ 7/e se 4a$ )e$ !o esta,(e' e$!o a $ )e( $a' o$a( e $ter$a' o$a(5 E( a+orte !e (as %reas +roteg !as a( !esarro((o soste$ ,(e re&er !o a res/(ta!os !e est/! os !e )a(or 2a' 3$ o !e 'ostoJ,e$e& ' o !e (as Areas Proteg !as $! ) !/a(es o !e( S ste*a e$ ge$era(0 est% e*+e2a$!o a ser !esarro((a!o e$ (a *a.or-a !e (os +a-ses0 !o$!e se 4a trata!o !e )a(orar (a , o! )ers !a! o e( +atr *o$ o $at/ra(5 E$ '/a$to a (a a+re' a' 3$ ge$era( !e (os )a(ores +r $' +a(es 7/e e$' erra$ (as %reas +roteg !as0 6sta 4a !o a/*e$ta$!o e$tre e( +K,( 'o e$ ge$era( . e$tre (os se'tores so' a(es 7/e *%s a+o.a$ a estas %reasA (a ra23$ +r $' +a( es /$ a/*e$to !e( 'o$o' * e$to !e (os ,e$e& ' os 7/e estos a+orta$ a( !esarro((o e'o$3* 'o0 so' a( . a*, e$ta( !e (os Pa-ses5 Relatan los Indigenas Guaranis que sus ancestros no necesitaban reglamentos ni estudios para la conservacin de su entorno, ellos ya practicaban la preservacin del
Medio Ambiente, solo obteniendo lo necesario para sobrevivir, pidiendo permiso a los protectores del Bosque caso contrario tendrian un castigo Co$ (a Le. Ge$era( !e( Me! o A*, e$te0 +ro*/(ga!a e$ =>>@0 se esta,(e'e$ (os ' * e$tos +ara (a gest 3$ a*, e$ta( e$ <o( ) a5 A tra)6s !e esta Le.0 se 'o$' ,e . esta,(e'e e( S ste*a Na' o$a( !e reas Proteg !as (SNAP)0 as- 'o*o e( Fo$!o Na' o$a( +ara e( Me! o A*, e$te5 La Pre&e't/ra !e( De+arta*e$to !e C4/7/ sa'a0 (a D re'' 3$ !e Re'/rsos Nat/ra(es . Me! o A*, e$teA e$ 'oor! $a' 3$ 'o$ (a *a$'o*/$ !a! !e */$ ' + os !e( C4a'o C4/7/ sa7/eLo M MMCN0 +ro*/e)e /$ !esarro((o $tegra( . soste$ !o !e( terr tor oA ,asa!a e$ (a gest 3$ !e s/s re'/rsos $at/ra(es (RR5NN5) . e( *e! o a*, e$te * !es!e /$a +ers+e't )a so' o'/(t/ra(* e'o$3* 'a +ro!/'t )a . a*, e$ta(0 e$ /$ *e! o $at/ra( 'o$ ,ase e$ (as +ote$' a( !a!es !e s/s re'/rsos $at/ra(es &-s 'os . , o(3g 'os5 + +.' O,JETI-OS O/0eti1o Gene2a!
I$'or+orar a (a 2o$a !e est/! o (SERRANIA DEL AGUARAGUE) e$ /$ r6g *e$ !e +rote'' 3$ O 'o$ser)a' 3$ . !esarro((o s/ste$ta,(e 'o$ /$a +art ' +a' 3$ a't )a !e (os $)o(/'ra!os ta$to (o'a(es 'o*o !e+arta*e$ta(es5 +.+ =5 O/0eti1os Es3ec4ficos I!e$t & 'ar (os )a(ores so,resa( e$tes . r 7/e2a !e &a/$a0 &(ora0 re'/rsos ge$6t 'os . es+e' es s ()estres e$ )-as !e e8t $' 3$ +ara esta,(e'er +o( t 'as !e 'o$ser)a' 3$5 @5 I5 ?5 Esta,(e'er e( %rea !e +rote'' 3$ $at/ra( +ara e( !esarro((o !e est/! os e $)est ga' o$es ' e$t-& 'as5 Esta,(e'er es+a' os +ara ! )ersos /sos a+ro)e'4a$!o (os +ote$' a(es 4 st3r 'os . $at/ra(es +ara e( !esarro((o e *+(e*e$ta' 3$ !e a't ) !a!es t/r-st 'as5 Lograr e( 'o$se$t * e$to . a+o.o !es ! !o +or +arte !e (as +erso$as $)o(/'ra!as gara$t 2a$!o (a soste$ , ( !a! !e( reg *e$ !e +rote'' 3$5
+.5
Metodo!o64a
Para e( +rese$te est/! o (a Co$s/(tora PETROMAAS S5R5L50 *eto!o(3g 'a*e$te0 ! ) ! 3 e( tra,a1o e$ tres eta+as0 7/e se !esarro((a$ a 'o$t $/a' o$P =M Tra,a1os !e Ca*+o @M Tra,a1os !e Ga, $ete IM E(a,ora' 3$ Do'/*e$to F $a( '7 T2a/a0os de Ca83o 7 Ta2ea '. T2as!ado de %e2sona! E$ esta +r *er eta+a se t/) ero$ tres e$tra!as a (a 2o$a !e est/! oA (a +r *era +ara 4a'er /$a +rese$ta' o$ $ ' a( a to!as (as a/tor !a!es !e (as ! &ere$tes +o,(a' o$es . 'o*/$ !a!es e$ (as 7/e $ter) e$e e( +rese$te est/! o5 Pr *era*e$te se rea( 2aro$ e$tre) stas a (as a/tor !a!es !e Ma'4aret 0 +oster or*e$te se +ro'e! 3 a rea( 2ar e$tre) stas 'o$ (os 'a+ ta$es !e to!as (as 'o*/$ !a!es $)o(/'ra!as . *e! a$te estos 4a'er(es ((egar (a $) ta' 3$ +ara (os ta((eres res+e't )os e$ (as 'o*/$ !a!es !eP Ca*at $! 0 Tat 0 T g/ +a P/e,(o0 Te$ta* 0 Y/7/ Ca + +e$! 0 Na' e$!a Qa'aro $2a0 Esta' 3$ Qa$'aro $2a0 Is +ot $! 0 T $,o ' to0 R/r/./7/ 0 G/ar 0 I)o0 I+at !e I)o0 Ya+ 5 E$ este +r *er +ro'eso0 se rea( 23 (a +rese$ta' 3$ !e( E7/ +o T6'$ 'o !e (a Co$s/(tora . (os a('a$'es . ,e$e& ' os 7/e se te$!r%$ 'o$ e( est/! o a rea( 2ar0 a!e*%s !e (a 'o$'erta' 3$ !e &e'4as +ara (a rea( 2a' 3$ !e (os ta((eres !e +ro&/$! 2a' 3$ !e (os o,1et )os !e( est/! o5 E$ /$ seg/$!o $greso se rea( 2aro$ '/atro ta((eres e$ '/atro (/gares estrateg 'osA Co*/$ !a! !e Ca*at $! 0 A('a(! a !e Ma'4aret 0 Esta' 3$ Qa$'aro $2a0 . e$ I+at !e I)o5 Ta*, e$ se rea( 2aro$0 e$'/estas so' oe'o$o* 'as0 , o(3g 'as . e$tre) stas +erso$a(es0 a!e*%s e( e7/ +o t6'$ 'o rea( 23 /$ re'orr !o +or (a serra$ a !e( Ag/arag/e +ara !eter* $ar +/$tos '(a)e +ara e( (e)a$ta* e$to !e $&or*a' o$ , o(3g 'a5
U$ ter'er $greso a( %rea !e est/! o0 se rea( 23 'o$ e( e7/ +o t6'$ 'o +ara e( (e)a$ta* e$to !e !atos , o&-s 'o e$ ! &ere$tes +/$tos !e */estreo e$ (a e8te$s 3$ !e( %rea +ro+/esta5 7 Ta2ea +. Reuniones con !os ,eneficia2ios Auto2idades de !a 9ona de! Estudio
Se 4a ((e)a!o a 'a,o re/$ o$es 'o$ a/tor !a!es !e( M/$ ' + o !e Ma'4aret 0 (a Aso' a' 3$ !e P/e,(os G/ara$ es (APG)0 ! r ge$tes . 'a+ ta$es 2o$a(es . ta*, 6$ 'o$ (os * s*os 'o*/$ar os !e (as ! &ere$tes Co*/$ !a!es $)o(/'ra!as0 'o$ e( +ro+3s to !e so' a( 2ar e( est/! o . )er s/s a('a$'es . o,1et )os !e( * s*o0 a s/ )e2 se 'o*+ro*et 3 a (as a/tor !a!es . 'o*/$ar os +ara 7/e se +/e!a$ &a' ( tar $&or*a' 3$ '(a)e !e( est/! o0 !e ta( *a$era $)o(/'rar !e &or*a a't )a a (os +o,(a!ores e $st t/' o$es (o'a(es e$ (a e(a,ora' 3$ . e1e'/' 3$ !e( * s*o5 Recopilacin de Informacin Se 4a +ro'e! !o aP Re'o+ (a' 3$ !e I$&or*a' 3$ So' oe'o$3* 'a0 !e I*+a'to A*, e$ta( . < o&-s 'a 'o$ (a +art ' +a' o$ !e (os 'o*/$ar os !e (a 2o$a5 7 Ta2ea 5. Le1anta8iento de Info28acin Socia! C/*+( e$!o (as tareas !e( 'o*+o$e$te So' oe'o$3* 'o0 +ara (a o,te$' 3$ !e( D ag$3st 'o e'o$3* 'o so' a(0 se 4a$ rea( 2a!o re/$ o$es !e 'oor! $a' 3$ 'o$ a/tor !a!es . re+rese$ta$tes !e( M/$ ' + o Ma'4aret 5 Este tra,a1o est/)o a 'argo !e /$ E'o$o* sta . tres E$'/esta!ores0 7/ e$es rea( 2aro$ (a (a,or !e so' a( 2ar e( est/! o . e( $)o(/'ra* e$to !e (os +o,(a!ores !e (as 'o*/$ !a!es0 *e! a$te ta((eres +art ' +at )os0 !a$!o a 'o$o'er (a *+orta$' a 7/e t e$e este Est/! o +ara e( +rogreso !e s/s 2o$as5 E$ esta tarea0 se e(a,or3 /$a (-$ea !e ,ase so' a(0 e'o$3* 'a . +ro!/'t )a !e (a 2o$a !e$t & 'a!a0 7/e 4a 'o$s st !o e$ (a rea( 2a' 3$ !e e$'/estas a (os +o,(a!ores0 +re) a re/$ 3$ 7/e se so( ' t3 a tra)6s !e s/s ! r ge$tes o e( A('a(!e0 segK$ e( 'aso5
7 Ta2ea :. Senci/i!i;acin
consu!ta 3</!ica
Para e( '/*+( * e$to !e /$o !e (os o,1et )os !e( est/! o0 se +ro'e! o a (a se$' , ( 2a' 3$ . 'o$s/(ta +K,( 'a !e (a &a't , ( !a! !e (a +ro+/esta0 +ara (o '/a( se s g/ ero$ (os s g/ e$tes +asosP M M Co$'erta' 3$ !e re/$ o$es 'o$ a/tor !a!es M/$ ' +a(es . 'o*/$a(es +ro'/ra$!o re/$ r (a *a.or 'a$t !a! !e +o,(a!ores e$ 'a!a re/$ 3$5 U$a )es 'o$'erta!o (a re/$ 3$0 e( e7/ +o 'o$s/(tor rea( 2o (a e8+( 'a' 3$ !e (as 'ara'ter st 'as ge$era(es !e (a +ro+/esta0 4a' e$!o e$&as s e$ (os o,1et )os . ,e$e& ' os a &/t/ro e$ e( 'aso !e !arse (a !e'(ara' 3$ !e( %rea +roteg !a !e (a serra$-a5 M M La e8+( 'a' 3$ &/e a+o.a!a 'o$ *ater a( a/! ) s/a( 'o$ e8+er e$' as s * (ares e$ otros (/gares !e( +a-s5 As s * s*o se ! o a 'o$o'er (os ! &ere$tes as+e'tos ta$to +os t )os 'o*o $egat )os e$ e( 'aso !e 'o$'retarse (a +ro+/esta !e !e'(ara' 3$ !e %rea +roteg !a a (a serra$ a !e( Ag/arag/e5 M Poster or*e$te se rea( 2o (a 'o$s/(ta +K,( 'a0 !a$!o tr ,/$a ( ,re a (os as ste$tes0 (a tota( !a! !e (as o+ $ o$es a+o.aro$ (a +ro+/esta arg/*e$ta$!o 7/e e((os s e*+re est/, ero$ a &a)or !e (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ !e( *e! o a*, e$te 7/e re+rese$ta s/ 4a, tat $at/ra(5 M F $a(*e$te se +ro'e! o a (a & r*a !e( a'ta !e 'o$&or* !a! !e (o e8+/esto e$ (a re/$ 3$ . (as 'o$'(/s o$es a'or!a!as e$ a+o.o a (a 'o$'re' 3$ !e (a +ro+/esta !e !e'(arar 'o*o %rea +roteg !a a (a serra$ a !e( Ag/arag/e e$ (a 1/r s! '' 3$ 7/e 'orres+o$!e a( */$ ' + o !e Ma'4aret 0 !e+arta*e$to !e C4/7/ sa'a5 M Las a'tas se a!1/$ta$ e$ e( ( ,ro !e or!e$ . e$ a$e8os !e( +ro+ o !o'/*e$to $'(/ !a (a *e*or a &otogra& 'a . ) !eos res+e't )os5 7 Ta2ea =. Le1anta8iento de !a Info28acin A8/ienta! Esta tarea0 4a 'o$s st !o e$ e( (e)a$ta* e$to !e $&or*a' 3$ so,re &a'tores a*, e$ta(esP '( *%t 'os0 &a/$a0 &(ora0 )egeta' 3$0 +o,(a' o$es e$ (a 2o$a . t +o !e a't ) !a!es 7/e !esarro((a$5
7 Ta2ea >. Reco3i!acin de Info28acin ,ot?nica Recopilacin de Informacin Re'o+ (a' 3$ !e !atos a tra)e2 !e( PDM !e( M/$ ' + o !e Ma'4aret +ara +rogra*ar a't ) !a!es !e 'a*+o e$ ,ase a se'tores 'o$ *a.or . *e$or a&e'ta' 3$ 4a' a (os re'/rsos $at/ra(es !e (a reg 3$5 Re'o+ (a' 3$ !e I$&or*a' 3$ So' oe'o$3* 'a0 !e I*+a'to A*, e$ta( . !e <ot%$ 'a 'o$ (a +art ' +a' 3$ !e (os 'o*/$ar os !e (a 2o$a5 evantamiento de la Informacin La e(a,ora' 3$ !e( !o'/*e$to esta e$ ,ase a ! st $tos 'r ter os segK$ e( o,1et )o !e( tra,a1o0 e$tre estos *e$' o$a*os e( criterio cient!fico 7/e est% re(a' o$a!o ! re'ta*e$te 'o$ (a re'o+ (a' 3$ !e !atos !e ! )ers !a!0 re+rese$tat ) !a!0 rare2a0 e$!e* s*o0 &rag ( !a! . $at/ra( !a!A e( criterio productivo re(a' o$a!o 'o$ e( /so !e s/e(o0 t/r s*o . e8tra'' 3$ !e * $era(es . (os criterios culturales !o$!e se o,ser)a e( +a sa1 s*o . 'o$ser)a' 3$ !e %reas 4 st3r 'as5 E( *eto!o /t ( 2a!o &/e e( !e !e$t & 'a' 3$ !e a(ter$at )as ,asa!o +r *era*e$te e$ e( s ste*a !e $&or*a' 3$ geogr%& 'a O SIG M . +oster or*e$te ,asa!os e$ (a +art ' +a' 3$ a tra)e2 !e (a 'o$s/(ta +/,( 'a . !es ' 3$ !e (os g/-as +ara ,/s'ar (/gares re+rese$tat )os !e (a reg 3$A esta a't ) !a! 4a 'o$s st !o e$ e( (e)a$ta* e$to !e $&or*a' 3$ a tra)e2 !e e$'/estas so,re &a'tores '( *%t 'os0 &a/$a0 &(ora0 /so . &/$' 3$ !e( e'os ste*a0 geo*or&o(og-a0 s/e(o0 ag/a0 a re0 +a sa1e0 +o,(a' o$es e$ (a 2o$a . t +o !e a't ) !a!es 7/e !esarro((a$5 Tras 4e,er rea( 2a!o /$a a+ro8 *a' 3$ !o'/*e$ta( !e( %rea !e est/! o +ara (a 1/st & 'a' 3$0 se rea( 23 (a 'o*+ro,a' 3$ . 'o*+(e*e$ta' 3$ $ s t/5 7 Ta2ea @. Le1anta8iento de Info28acion ,iofisica Esta tarea0 4a 'o$s st !o e$ e( (e)a$ta* e$to !e $&or*a' 3$ so,re &a'tores '( *%t 'os0 &a/$a0 &(ora0 )egeta' 3$0 +o,(a' o$es e$ (a 2o$a . t +o !e a't ) !a!es 7/e !esarro((a$5 La $&or*a' o$ a*, e$ta( &/e o,te$ !a !e &/e$tes +r *ar as . se'/$!ar as0 ta$to e$ &ase !e ga, $ete 'o*o e$ e( tra,a1o !e 'a*+o0 /t ( 2a$!o
4erra* e$tas 'o*o +or e1e*+(o A$%( s s !e (a $&or*a' 3$0 +or *e! o !e *o!e(os $tegra!os a( SIG0 *%ge$es sate( ta(es0 &otogra& as areas0 'artas 'artogra& 'as0 e$tre) stas0 e$'/estas0 o,ser)a' o$ ! re'ta . , ,( ogra& a es+e' a( 2a!a e$tre otros0 7/e +oster or*e$te &/ero$ s ste*at 2a!as5 E( +rese$te $&or*e res+e'to a este +/$to so(o 'o$t e$e !atos !e &/e$tes +r *ar as . se'/$!ar as0 7/e +oster o*e$te sera$ 'o*+(e*e$ta!as o 'orro,ora!as 'o$ e$ e( tra,a1o es+e'-& 'o !e o,ser)a' o$ . to*a !e */estras 7/e sera$ o,te$ !as e$ tra,a1o !e 'a*+o e$ e( %rea !e $&(/e$' a ! re'ta !e( est/! o +7 T2a/a0os de Ga/inete M Ta2ea '. E!a/o2acin de info28es So,re (a ,ase !e (a $&or*a' 3$ re'o+ (a!a !e &or*a +r *ar a . se'/$!ar a0 se +ro'e! o a (a e(a,ora' 3$ !e $&o*es a *a$era !e '/*+( r 'o$ (os ter* $os !e re&ere$' a . (as e8 ge$' as !e (a e$t !a! 'o$)o'a$te5 E$ esta eta+a se 'o$s !er3 e( &or*ato esta,(e' !o +or e( -ice Ministe2io De In1e2sin %</!ica ) Financia8iento EAte2no En Mate2ia De Estudios De Conse21acin ) Mane0o Sosteni/!e De Resu2os Natu2a!es 0 a!e*%s se +ro'e! 3 a (a s ste*at 2a' 3$ !e to!a (a $&or*a' 3$ (ogra!a e$ (os ta((eres . e$ (as e$tre) stas a 'o*/$ar os !e (a 2o$a !e( est/! o5 M Ta2ea +. %!oteado de Ca2tas e I8?6enes Sate!ita!es %!anos
Este tra,a1o0 4a 'o$s st !o e$ (a I*+res 3$ !e (as 'artas Geogr%& 'as es'a(a =PSFFFF . =P@SFFFF0 (as *+res o$es !e (as *%ge$es sate( ta(es 'o$ /$a reso(/' 3$ !e IF *etros a!e*%s !e /$ +(a$o !e /, 'a' 3$ !e( Est/! o5
II '
ANALISIS ) DIAGNOSTICO DE LA UNIDAD DE CONSER-ACI(N U,ICACI(N ) L#MITES GEOGR&FICOS DEL &REA DE ESTUDIO
Las 'o*/$ !a!es $)o(/'ra!as e$ e( est/! o +erte$e' e$te a (a se'' 3$ */$ ' +a( !e B ((a Ma'4aret 0 Ter'era Se'' 3$ M/$ ' +a( !e (a Pro) $' a L/ s Ca()o !e( De+arta*e$to !e C4/7/ sa'a0 (o'a( 2a!a a( s/!este !e (a Re+K,( 'a !e <o( ) a0 se /, 'a e$tre (as 'oor!e$a!asP Lat t/! s/r @FT @CU ?SV a @=T FU I?V0 Los +ara(e(os G@T ==U SFV . GIT ?CU @SV !e (o$g t/! oeste5
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L48ites Te22ito2ia!es
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10
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11
Ber Gr%& 'os !e /, 'a' 3$ !e (a 2o$a !e( est/! oP Gr%& 'o =5 C4/7/ sa'a e$ e( Co$te8to Na' o$a(5 Gr%& 'o @5 M/$ ' + o !e B ((a Ma'4aret e$ e( Co$te8to De+arta*e$ta( Gr%& 'o I5 rea !e( est/! o e$ e( 'o$te8to !e( M/$ ' + o Gr%& 'o ?5 I*age$ sate( ta( 'o$ (a !e( * ta' 3$ !e( %rea !e $&(/e$' a ! re'ta !e( est/! o (Ma+a !e( * ta!a !e( rea)
GRAFICO 1.-
CFUGUISACA EN EL CONTEXTO NACIONAL
12
GRAFICO 2.-
MUNICI%IO DE -ILLA MACFARETI EN EL CONTEXTO DE%ARTAMENTAL
13
GRAFICO $.-
MA%A %OLITICO DEL MUNICI%IO DE MACFARETI
14
COMUNIDADES Y CENTROS POBLADOS MUNICIPIO DE MACHARETI
DEPARTAMENTO SANTA CRUZ NORTE

I&O Tamani/#ati La &ictoria
OESTE
Com' I(ati
Ya(i &a%% H rmoso
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)ANCORAINZA
)ancorain*a Haci n!a Tim$o0cito
)ancorain*a Estacion
E% &ina% Santa Maria I(a#so
CARANDAYTI
CARANDAYTI
MUNICIPIO HUACAYA
MACHARETI
Machar ti Estanciom Machar ti
Las Lomas
Ba.o Bor!o A%to
A%/arro$i%%a
C#atro &i ntos
Ti/#i(a P# $%o
T ntami
+# %ta "ran!
TI"UIPA
Y#,#i cai(i( n!i
B %%a Union
CAMATINDI
Camatin!i Estacion Ti/#i(a
ESTE
REFERENCIAS
CENTROS POBLADOS
DEPARTAMENTO DE TARIJA SUR
COMUNIDADES
GRAFICO 4.-
IMAGEN CON LA DELIMITACI(N DEL HREA DE ESTUDIO
REPUBLICA PARA"UAY
I&O
Cam(o L on
E% Sim$o%ar
Tran,#i%i!a!
15
16
'.+
%2o/!e8a a so!uciona2 U$o !e (as +ro,(e*as *+orta$tes a so(/' o$ar es (a $e8 ste$' a !e /$ !o'/*e$to 7/e !e$t & 7/e (as +ote$' a( !a!es e'o$3* 'as0 , ot 'as . a, ot 'as 7/e +er* ta$ esta,(e'er estrateg as !e +rote'' 3$ . 'o$ser)a' 3$ !e es+a' os $at/ra(es e$ (a 2o$a5 E( %rea geogr%& 'a e$ '/est 3$ a't/a(*e$te s/&re +er! !as +rogres )as !e (os Re'/rsos Nat/ra(es . /$a s/, /t ( 2a' 3$ !e (os * s*os0 'o$!/' e$!o to!os estos &a'tores e$ a(tos $ )e(es !e +o,re2a . *arg $a' 3$ !e s/s +o,(a!ores0 e$ ta( se$t !o0 es &/$!a*e$ta( e( +(a$tea* e$to !e /$ !o'/*e$to 7/e !6 ( $ea* e$tos !e Co$ser)a' 3$ . Soste$ , ( !a!5
GRAFICO %.-
DIAGRAMACI(N DE LA %RO,LEM&TICA AM,IENTAL EN LA 9ONA DE ESTUDIO

D t rioro ! %os RR'NN' 0 % M !io Am$i nt
To(o/ra-3a acci! nta!a n %a *ona s#$an!ina
P4r!i!a /ra!#a% ! %a co$ rt#ra + / ta%
E5tinsi1n /ra!#a% ! %a -a#na si%+ str
Cha,# os no contro%a!os
So$r (astor o
Irraciona% 5(%otaci1n -or sta%
Ca*a in!iscrimina!a
Car ncia ! m canismos ! contro% ! %a -a#na
N c si!a! ! Am(%iaci1n ! -ront ra a/ro 2 si%+o 2 (astori%
So$r car/a anima%
Sist ma ! man .o 5t nsi+o ! % hato
Escaso conocimi nto inc#m(%imi nto ! normas
Poco #so ! t4cnicas ! 5(%otaci1n -or sta% sost ni$%
Poco conocimi nto ! normas +i/ nt s
'.5
Justificacin Segn estudios realizados en areas similares por otras instituciones presentes en el zona de la serrania el area cuenta con un valor medio ambiental y que a su ves se ha visto la posibilidad de relizar un estudio de integracion a otras areas protegidas ya declaradas en la zona, que ademas nos permita integrar a corredores ecologicos nacionales e
internacionales. Por tal motivo la prefectura vio por conveniente encargar el presente
17
estudio que nos permitira contar con un documento respaldatorio de justificacin desde el punto de vista economico, sociocultural y medio ambiental que permita dar
viavilidad a la proteccin y manejo sostenible de los recursos naturales existentes en la Zona,de acuerdo a regimenes legales e institucionales establecidos de forma nacional y departamentales "omo son muestras representativas del patrimonio natural de Bolivia, toda persona tiene el deber de proteger, respetar y resguardar las Areas #rotegidas en beneficio de las actuales y futuras generaciones$
'.:
&2ea de inf!uencia de! Estudio De$tro !e( area !e est/! o !e (a 2o$a se +rese$ta$ ! &ere$tes gr/+os et$ 'os 7/e e$ s/ *a.or a +erte$e'e$ a( gr/+o et$ 'o g/ara$ 0 a s/ )es ta*, e$ e8 ste$ +o,(a' o$es *as gra$!es 'o*o Ma'4aret 0 Ca*at $! !o$!e s/s 4a, ta$tes so$ *es'(as !e )ar as et$ as5 E$ e( s g/ e$te '/a!ro se */estra$ (as +r $' +a(es +o,(a' o$es ase$t/a!as !e$tro !e( area !e( est/! o 'o$ s/s res+e't )as 'oor!e$a!as5
CUADRO N& 1.COMUNIDADES IN-OLUCRADAS EN EL ESTUDIO
NI COMUNIDAD Est5 Qa$'aro 2a = N!aXQa$'aro 2a @ I+at !e I)o I Is +ot $! ? I)o S Te$ta*G T *,o ' to C Ya+ Xes'/e D H/r/./R > G/ar =F Ma'4aret == Tat =@ T gY +a =I Ca*at $! =? Y/7/ Ra + +e$! =S E(a,ora' o$ Pro+ a
Coo2denadas 6eo62Jficas
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ?CFF>F5FF0 ?GIGF?5FF0 ?SD=F>5FF0 ?GSG??5>F0 ?SSGFI5FF0 ?GI?CF5FF0 ?GC>?G5FF0 ?SGDGS5FF0 ?SD?F=5??0 ?SDIC=5>I0 ?G@GG?5?I0 ?G@@S=5IF0 ?GF?@=5CF0 ?SD>=?5>>0 ??GIG>5S@0 CC=FSGD5FF) CC=SIF?5FF) CC@D@D?5FF) CC@FDFF5CI) CCID=FC5FF) CGDGDI?5FF) CCFGFG=5FF) CC=C??C5FF) CC?@C=I5DG) CC?FF=I5C?) CG>DG@F5S@) CG>DCGD5FC) CGDC?DC5?>) CGD@?CF5IS) CGDSIC@5?@)
18
Estas 'o*/$ !a!es re+rese$ta$ a (os ,e$e& ' ar os ! re'tos !e( est/! o0 s $ e*,argo (a serra$ a !e( ag/arag/e ,e$e& ' ar% !e &or*a $! re'ta a to!as (as 'o*/$ !a!es a!.ase$tes . a (a 2o$a C4a7/eLa !e C4/7/ sa'a5 + +.' AS%ECTOS DEMOGR&FICOS %o/!acin de! ?2ea de inf!uencia dife2enciada 3o2 seAo. La +o,(a' 3$ ,e$e& ' ar a !e( area !e est/! o +erte$e'e a (a +ro) $' a L/ s Ca()o0 7/e e$ ge$era( ) e$e atra)esa$!o +or /$ esta$'a* e$to e$ e( $'re*e$to !e s/s 4a, ta$tes !e, !o +r $' +a(*e$te a (os e(e)a!os -$! 'es !e * gra' 3$0 este &e$3*e$o es ge$era( e$ e( %rea r/ra( !e( !e+arta*e$to0 segK$ $&or*a' 3$ +ro+or' o$a!a +or e( I$st t/to Na' o$a( !e Esta!-st 'as (INE) 7/e se !eta((a e$ e( s g/ e$te '/a!ro5
CUADRO N& 2.- %O,LACI(N TOTAL %OR SEXO* INDICADORES SEGKN SECCI(N DE %RO-INCIA
%o2centa0e Seccin de %2o1incia L Munici3io SeAo Tota! Fo8/2es Mu0e2es %o/!aciona! %2o1incia! =FF5FFZ S@5SCZ ==5GSZ 5=.@CM
Tasa Anua! de C2eci8iento 'DD+ L +EE' M '*@' =5@= =5DF +.CD
Res3ecto a! Tota! Inte2censa!
CNUQUISACA SI=5S@@ @GF5GF? @CF5>=D LUIS CALBO @F0?C> =F0>@I >0SSG =W SECCIN O M/./+a*+a =F0C?D S0C@? S0F@? @W SECCIN O N/a'a.a @0I?S =0@I@ =0==I 5I SECCI(N L MacNa2et4 @*5C> 5*D>@ 5*:'D FUENTEP INE Ce$so !e Po,(a' 3$ . B ) e$!a @FF=
+.+ Est2uctu2a 3o/!aciona! 3o2 edades
19
GRAFICO 6.-
%IRAMIDE %O,LACIONAL DE LAS COMUNIDADES IN-OLUCRADAS
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20
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21
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22
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CUADRO N& %.COMUNIDAD
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26
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27
Es /$a a't ) !a! 7/e se re!/'e a +e7/eLos )a((es e$'a1o$a!os0 'o$ /so !e ag/a !e r ego5 La +ro!/'' 3$ +r $' +a( es to*ate0 )a $ tas0 (e'4/ga . otras 4orta( 2as !e 4o1as5 EA3!otacin de Made2a A't/a(*e$te es /$a a't ) !a! */. restr $g !a +or (a es'ase2 !e %r,o(es *a!era,(es0 'o$s ste e$ (a ta(a se(e't )a !e (os %r,o(es5
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28
La agr '/(t/ra 7/e se rea( 2a e$ esta +arte esta !est $a!a 'as -$tegra*e$te +ara e( a/to'o$s/*o0 sa()o 'o$ta!as e8'e+' o$es 'o*o I+at !e I)o0 I)o0 Ca*at $! 0 T g/ +a P/e,(o0 T g/ +a Esta' 3$ . otras 'o*/$ !a!es !e( ! str to !e Ma'4aret-A !o$!e se ge$era$ e8'e!e$tes 7/e so$ 'o*er' a( 2a!os e$ e( * s*o (/gar o e$ (os *er'a!os !e Ca* r-0 B ((a*o$tes . Tar 1a5
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FRE_OL
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Fuente: Elab !a"i#n $! $ia% s b!e la base )e in' !&a"i#n )el PDM E( '/a!ro a$ter or es e$ res/*e$ !e (os +r $' +a(es '/(t )os e$ (a 2o$a0 !o$!e se !esta'a (a +ro!/'' 3$ !e *a-20 &re1o( . *a$-0 otros '/(t )os !e *e$or *+orta$' a so$ (os '-tr 'os0 ./'a0 'aLa !e a2K'ar0 'a*ote0 a1- . +a+a5 Tecno!o64a e83!eada La te'$o(og-a /t ( 2a!a e$ (a +ro!/'' 3$ agr-'o(a0 es *a.or tar a*e$te tra! ' o$a(0 ,asa!a e8'(/s )a*e$te so,re (a tra'' 3$ a$ *a( . e( tra,a1o *a$/a( 'o$ e( /so !e( ara!o !e +a(o . 4erra* e$tas rKst 'as5 E$ *e$or +or'e$ta1e se e*+(ea /$a te'$o(og-a * 8ta
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(*a$/a( . *e'a$ 2a!a)0 . se* *e'a$ 2a!a0 !e( * ta!a segK$ e( $ )e( e'o$3* 'o . e( ta*aLo !e (a +ro!/'' 3$ !e (a & $'a5 E8 ste$ a(g/$os +ro+ etar os *e! a$os . gra$!es 7/e /t ( 2a$ tra'tores agr-'o(as +ara (a +re+ara' 3$ !e s/e(os0 ta( 'o*o se */estra e$ e( '/a!ro s g/ e$te0 s $ e*,argo esta *e'a$ 2a' 3$ +ar' a( es aK$ $s + e$te e$ re(a' 3$ a to!a (a 2o$a5
CUADRO N& 8.TECNOLOGIA UTILI9ADA EN LA %RODUCCI(N AGRICOLA
COMUNIDAD Ya+ I+at !e I)o I)o Qa$'aro $2a Na' e$!a Qa$'aro $2a Esta' 3$ T g/ +a Esta' 3$ Ca*at $! T g/ +a P/e,(o Te$ta* Ma'4aret Esta' 3$ Tat T *,o.' to Y/7/ Ca + +e$! MacNa2eti %ue/!o
TECNOLOGIA MANUAL MECANI9ADA ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` `
Fuente: Elab !a"i#n $! $ia. En"uestas 'a&ilia!es * Talle!es C &unales.
Rotacin de cu!ti1os
8ane0o de sue!os
La +r%'t 'a !e rota' 3$ !e '/(t )os agr-'o(as esta to!a)-a +o'o !esarro((a!a0 e( s ste*a !e +ro!/'' 3$ es K$ 'o 'o$ e( '/(t )o !e( *a-20 7/e ge$era(*e$te es se*,ra!o aso' a!o 'o$ e( &r 1o(5 E$ (a 2o$a !e est/! o (serra$-a !e( ag/arag/e)0 e$ +otreros $/e)os (,ar,e'4os)0 'o$ +e$! e$tes *e! as a ,a1as se s e*,ra *a-2 !e &or*a 'o$t $/a ? aLos0 a( 'a,o !e (os '/a(es se +ro!/'e /$ e*+o,re' * e$to !e (os terre$os0 a( Sto se !e1a !es'a$sar . se )/e()e a se*,rar a( D)o aLo5 Re!acin su3e2ficie cu!ti1a/!eQ cu!ti1ada
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Co$ re&ere$' a a (a re(a' 3$ s/+er& ' e '/(t )a,(e . '/(t )a!a0 e8 ste a/$ */'4a ! &ere$' a 7/e aK$ $o 4a s !o e8+(ota!a !e /$a a!e'/a!a *a$era0 e$ ge$era( se +/e!e !e' r 7/e so(a*e$te e( @SZ !e (a s/+er& ' e a+ta +ara e( '/(t )o es a+ro)e'4a!a e$ (a a't/a( !a!0 !e, !o +r $' +a(*e$te a (a +rese$' a !e (a serra$-a 7/e *+ !e 'o$tar 'o$ *a.ores s/+er& ' es a+tas +ara e( '/(t )o5 Su3e2ficies 3o2 cu!ti1os
CUADRO N& 9.DISTRITO IBO MACNARETI MAI9 =>SF ?GFF SU%ERFICIE %OR CULTI-OS OEN FASP MANI >F S?F FRIJOL SF5GS @SF CITRICOS =F I@ OTROS @F I?F DESCANSO ?S ?ID
Fuente: Elab !a"i#n P! $ia. En"uestas 'a&ilia!es. E( *a-2 es e( '/(t )o *%s ge$era( 2a!oA +or (a ! )ers !a! !e /sos 7/e se !a este +ro!/'toP A( *e$ta' 3$ !e (a &a* ( a e$ ! )ersas &or*as0 /t ( 2a' 3$ !e rastro1o +ara 'o$s/*o !e( ga$a!o )a'/$o0 'o*er' a( 2a' 3$ !e e8'e!e$tes5 A( *e$ta' 3$ !e a$ *a(es *e$ores ('er!os . a)es)0 otros +ro!/'tos e$ *e$or es'a(a so$ e( *a$-0 &r 1o( . otros5
O26ani;acin de !a fue2;a de t2a/a0o E$ 'as to!as (as /$ !a!es +ro!/'t )as (a *a$o !e o,ra es &a* ( ar0 e$ (as 'o*/$ !a!es !e (os ! str tos !e I)o . Ma'4aret- (%rea !e est/! o)0 (a agr '/(t/ra es /$a a't ) !a! 7/e /t ( 2a gra$ +arte !e (a &/er2a !e tra,a1o !e (os 4o*,res0 !o$!e (e !e! 'a$ a+ro8 *a!a*e$te /$ SFZ !e s/ t e*+o . e( otro SFZ a (a a't ) !a! +e'/ar a5 E( +a+e( !e (a */1er e$ (a agr '/(t/ra esta restr $g !o a (as a't ) !a!es !e s e*,ra . 'ose'4a . +or +er o!os ,re)es0 'o*o 'o*+(e*e$to a (as a't ) !a!es !o*est 'as5 Los 4 1os )aro$es !e a'/er!o a s/ e!a! a+o.a$ e$ !eter* $a!as &ae$as5 5.=.+ Siste8a de 32oduccin 3ecua2io
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E( s ste*a !e +ro!/'' 3$ t e$e 'ara'ter-st 'as s * (ares e$ (as 'o*/$ !a!es $)o(/'ra!as e$ e( est/! o0 'o$ /$a ga$a!er-a e8te$s )a5 La a( *e$ta' 3$ ,%s 'a !e( ga$a!o es e( +asto $at )o . e( ra*o$eo !e es+e' es ar,/st )as 'o*o e( C4oro7/ete0 T/s'a0 otras . +e7/eLas %reas !e +astos '/(t )a!os5 E$ (as +ro+ e!a!es !o$!e se '/(t )a *a-2 !es+/6s !e (a 'ose'4a (os a$ *a(es se a( *e$ta$ !e( rastro1o5 E$ (as &a* ( as !e estrato +o,re0 (a ga$a!er-a esta aso' a!a e$ *a.or o *e$or gra!o a a't ) !a!es agr-'o(as5 E$ 'a*, o (a ga$a!er-a ,o) $a !e (a ((a$/ra es +r%'t 'a*e$te (a +r $' +a( a't ) !a! e'o$3* 'a so,re to!o !e, !o a (as 'o$! ' o$es a( *e$t ' as ()egeta' 3$)5 E( ta*aLo !e (a +ro+ e!a! se * !e +or (a 'a$t !a! !e ga$a!o e8 ste$te e$ (a * s*a . e( )a(or !e (a t erra es *-$ *a5 Por (as 'ara'ter-st 'as !e +ro!/'' 3$ se +/e!e 'o$s !erar /$ s ste*a 7/e t e$e !os & $a( !a!esP La )e$ta !e ga$a!o )a'/$o 7/e es (a &/e$te +r $' +a( !e re'/rsos e'o$3* 'os +ara e( *a$te$ * e$to !e (a &a* ( a . (a e(a,ora' 3$ !e 7/eso 'r o((o 7/e es /$a a't ) !a! 7/e a./!a a so()e$tar (os gastos !e( 4ogar5 E( ga$a!o 7/e se t e$e e$ (os 4atos es e( 'r o((o . e$ */. +o'os 'asos se $tro!/1ero$ es+e' es *e1ora!as5 Las es+e' es +or or!e$ !e *+orta$' a so$P e( ,o) $o0 'a+r $o0 +or' $o . o) $os0 !e$tro !e( se'tor agro+ro!/'t )o (a ga$a!er-a es *%s *+orta$te 7/e (a agr '/(t/ra0 $o so(o +or (a *a.or s/+er& ' e o'/+a!a0 s $o ta*, 6$ so,re to!o +or e( )a(or !e s/ +ro!/'' 3$5 S $ e*,argo e8 ste */'4a ge$te 7/e ) )e e$ (as 'o*/$ !a!es . 'e$tros +o,(a!os 7/e 'are'e$ !e t erra . !e ga$a!o )a'/$oA (a te$e$' a !e ga$a!o esta restr $g !a a a7/e((as +erso$as 7/e +osee$ t erras !e *e! a$o . gra$ ta*aLo5 Tecno!o64a 8ane0o
La e8+(ota' 3$ !e( ga$a!o0 so,re to!o )a'/$o se 'ara'ter 2a +or /$ *a$e1o a 'a*+o a, erto5 Las a't ) !a!es ga$a!eras 'o$te*+(a$ (a 'r-a . o'as o$a(*e$te e( e$gor!e !e(
32
ga$a!o0 to!os (os a$ *a(es +asta$ 1/$tos e$ gr/+os e$ 'o*K$ s $ e&e't/ar se+ara' o$es +or e!a! . se8o5 E$ e( 'aso !e (os 'er!os estos se e$'/e$tra$ a 'a*+o a, erto to!o e( !-a . !/er*e$ e$ +or7/er 2as0 (as 'a,ras ta*, 6$ se e$'/e$tra$ a 'a*+o a, erto !/ra$te to!o e( !-a0 este +/e!e ser /$o !e (os as+e'tos 7/e +er1/! 7/e a (a +reser)a' 3$ !e( *e! o a*, e$te e$ (a serra$-a !e( ag/arag/e5 Mane0o de 32ade2as fo22a0es.
Las +ra!eras . &orra1es $at/ra(es so$ *a$e1a!os !e &or*a tra! ' o$a( e8te$s )a . a 'a*+o a, erto0 4a' e$!o /$ /so $a!e'/a!o !e( terr tor o 'o$ s/s ! )ersas es+e' es ar,3reasM ar,/st )as &orra1eras . +astos5 Las ( * ta' o$es !e( *e! o &-s 'o . (as !e -$!o(e (ega( *+o$e$ se)eras ! & '/(ta!es a (os $te$tos !e $te$s & 'a' 3$ +ro!/'t )a5 As-0 e( 're' * e$to e'o$3* 'o !e( se'tor +e'/ar o 4a esta!o +r $' +a(*e$te &/$!a!o e$ e( 'o$sta$te a'a+ara* e$to terr tor a(5 E( +rese$te est/! o 'o$tr ,/ r% a( $'re*e$to !e (a +ro!/'t ) !a! agr 'o(a ,a1o /$ s ste*a !e *a$e1o $tegra!o !e Re'/rsos Nat/ra(es5 5.=.5 Siste8a de 32oduccin fo2esta!
E( /so !e re'/rsos &oresta(es es +r $' +a(*e$te +ara & $es !o*6st 'os0 as- 'o*o +ara (a 'o$str/'' 3$ 7/e e$ (os /(t *os aLos 4a ge$era!o e$ (a reg 3$ /$ s ste*a !e e8+(ota' 3$ 7/e 'are'e !e +rogra*as !e re+os ' 3$ !e (o e8+(ota!o5 Los aserra!eros e8 ste$tes /t ( 2a$ s erra !e ' $ta . ' r'/(ares5 E$ (a 2o$a !e est/! o +r $' +a(*e$te e$ (a serra$-a !e( Ag/arag/e0 se '/e$ta 'o$ /$a gra$ )ar e!a! !e es+e' es 7/e t e$e$ /so e$ (a 'o$str/'' 3$ . (a */e,(er-a0 resa(ta$!o e$tre estas (os 7/e,ra'4os 'o(ora!o . ,(a$!o e8+(ota!os !es!e (os aLos GF +ara (a +ro!/'' 3$ !e !/r* e$tes !e &erro'arr ( . 'ar,3$ )egeta( !est $a!o a (a &/$! ' 3$ !e
33
estaLo5 E$ (os K(t *os aLos se e*+e23 a e8+(otar otras es+e' es 'o*o e( 'e!ro0 +er ((a0 +a(o ,(a$'o0 'e, ( . otros5
CUADRO N& 1".ES%ECIES FORESTALES
ESPECIES QUE<RACNO COLORADO QUE<RACNO <LANCO CE<IL TIM<OY PALO <LANCO CEDRO CEDRILLO PERILLA QUINA CUCNI ALGARRO<ILLA ALGARRO<O NOGAL URUNDEL MARA RO<LE TIPA Fuente. Elab !a"i#n $! $ia.
IBO ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` `
DISTRITO MACNARETI ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` `
La $! )u""i#n ' !estal tiene " & $!in"i$al 'inali)a) la $! )u""i#n )e &a)e!a $a!a )istint s us s * le+a $a!a us " & ene!,-ti" en l s . ,a!es. Tecno!o64asB Ti3o de 32oduccin 8ane0o
La e8+(ota' 3$ &oresta( e$ e( *o$te se rea( 2a *e! a$te e( /so !e *oto s erra . 4a'4a0 (os tro$'os +oster or*e$te so$ 'orta!os 'o$ s erras ' r'/(ares . !e ' $ta0 !o$!e se tra$s&or*a$ e$ ta,(o$es0 ( sto$es . ) gas5 Co$ e( &/$' o$a* e$to !e (a S/+er $te$!e$' a Foresta( se 4a &re$a!o e$ +arte (a e8+(ota' 3$ '(a$!est $a !e (os ,os7/e0 a't/a(*e$te a$tes !e +ro'e!er a( 'orte !e (os %r,o(es e8 ste /$a ) s ta !e /$ t6'$ 'o !e (a U$ !a! Foresta( !e( M/$ ' + o 7/e 'oor! $a
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estre'4a*e$te 'o$ (a S/+er $te$!e$' a Foresta( . 7/e 'o$tro(a . s/+er) sa (a e8+(ota' 3$0 !e esta *a$era se esta e) ta$!o e( 'orte !e a(g/$os %r,o(es 7/e t e$e$ ! %*etros *e$ores a (os esta,(e' !os +ara /$a e8+(ota' 3$ &oresta(5 5.=.: Acti1idades a2tesana!es
E$ (a 2o$a !e est/! o s , e$ (a a't ) !a! +r $' +a( es (a agro+e'/ar a0 t e$e $*erso !e$tro !e s/s 'ost/*,res (a &a,r 'a' 3$ !e artesa$-as !e '/ero (r e$!as0 *o$t/ras0 a(&or1as0 ta(eros0 g/ar!a*o$tes)0 (os '/a(es res/(ta$ ser tra,a1os !e ,/e$a 'a( !a! . !est $a!os +r $' +a(*e$te +ara e( /so !o*est 'o5 So$ (os 4o*,res 7/ e$es se !e! 'a$ a (a e(a,ora' 3$ !e estos tra,a1os !e +e(eter-aA +ero a( *o*e$to $o re+rese$ta /$a &/e$te a(ter$at )a !e $gresos e'o$3* 'os0 .a 7/e 'oe*r' a( 2a' 3$ es *-$ *a0 s $ e*,argo res/(tar a !e */'4o ,e$e& ' o res'atar esta a't ) !a! e $sertar(a e$ (a e'o$o*-a !e (a 2o$a +or ser 'o$s !era!a !e ,/e$a 'a( !a!5 E8 ste ta*, 6$ otro t +o !e artesa$-a 'o*o ser (os te1 !os 7/e e&e'tKa$ (as */1eres (+o$'4os0 te1 !os !e 4 (o . (a$a)0 7/e a( g/a( 7/e e$ (a +e(eter-a $o re+rese$ta /$a a't ) !a! 'o*er' a( a gra$ es'a(a0 s $o *%s , e$ /$a a't ) !a! !e! 'a!a +ara e( /so +erso$a( . &a* ( ar5 La es'asa $ ' at )a +r )a!a e$ (a reg 3$ . (as $a!e'/a!as +o( t 'as !e &o*e$to a (a &or*a' a$ . 'o$so( !a' a$ !e e*+resas *ot )a a( esta$'a* e$to !e esta a't ) !a! e'o$o* 'a 7/e s , e$ t e$e gra$ +ote$' a( $o es e8+(ota!a !e &or*a a!e'/a!a5 5.=.= Acti1idades de Tu2is8o
E$ (a a't/a( !a! e( t/r s*o $o es 'o$s !era!o 'o*o a't ) !a! e'o$3* 'a e$ (a 2o$a +or e( go, er$o M/$ ' +a( *e$os +or (a +re&e't/ra !e( !e+arta*e$to5 De to!as *a$eras to!a) a es +os ,(e (a *+(e*e$ta' 3$ !e +o( t 'as 7/e &a)ores'a$ e( !esarro((o !e (a a't ) !a! t/r st 'a e( '/a( t e$e gra$ +ote$' a( 'o*o serP e( M/$ ' + o a( &or*ar +arte !e( C4a'o0 este es 'o$s !era!o 'o*o e( seg/$!o e'os ste*a *%s gra$!e !e A*6r 'a0 !es+/6s !e( A*a2o$as0 7/e se +ro(o$ga !es!e (a Pro) $' a Sa$t ago !e(
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Estero !e (a Arge$t $a0 (a Re+K,( 'a !e( Parag/a.0 4asta (a Pro) $' a Cor! ((era !e( De+arta*e$to !e Sa$ta Cr/2 <o( ) a0 'ara'ter 2a!o +or /$a &(ora . &a/$a . &a/$a e$!6* 'a0 (os '/a(es se +rete$!e +roteger 'o$ e( +rese$te est/! oA e$ (a a't/a( !a! (a Serra$-a !e( Ag/arag/e0 o&re'e (a +os , ( !a! !e rea( 2ar +ra't 'as !e a$! $ s*o . t/r s*o e'o(3g 'o0 +or otra +arte es +os ,(e o,ser)ar e$ +artes !e (a ((a$/ra restos !e tr $'4eras . *ater a(es ,6( 'os /t ( 2a!os !/ra$te (a G/erra !e( C4a'o so,re (as '/a(es es +os ,(e tra2ar r/tas t/r st 'as 7/e e$ (a a't/a( !a! so$ */. so( ' ta!as +or e( t/r sta $a' o$a( . e8tra$gero5 E$ este se$t !o es *+orta$te +ote$' a( 2ar . 'o*er' a( 2ar este +ro!/'to so,re e( '/a( se ! s+o$e 'o$ /$ '( *a agra!a,(e !/ra$te 'as to!o e( aLo0 ! )ers !a! !e +a sa1es 'o$ )egeta' 3$ a,/$!a$te . &/$!a*e$ta(*e$te /$a )-a !e a''eso e$ ,/e$ esta!o !/ra$te to!o e( aLo5 5.=.> Acti1idades 3et2o!e2as
E( M/$ ' + o !e Ma'4aret- a tra)6s !e (as rega(-as +etro(eras !e (os 'a*+os gas-&eros !e B/e(ta Gra$!e . E( Por)e$ r a+orta a( !e+arta*e$to *%s 7/e $ $g/$a se'' 3$ */$ ' +a(0 s $ e*,argo +o'o !e estos re'/ros ((ega$ !e &or*a ! re'ta o $! re'ta a (os +o,(a!ores !e( * s*o */$ ' + o5 Gra' as a (as $/e)as +o( t 'as a ser *+(a$ta!as +or e( go, er$o $a' o$a(0 ser] +os ,(e re)ert r !e a(g/$a *a$era esta s t/a' a$0 (ogra$!o retr ,/ r a s/s +o,(a!ores !e( gra$ a+orte !e (a 2o$a a( !e+arta*e$to . a( +a-s5 : :.' AS%ECTOS SOCIALES As3ectos cu!tu2a!es E$ ge$era( e( terr tor o !e (a se'' 3$ est/)o 4a, ta!o +or gr/+os !e g/ara$-es0 7/ e$es +/s ero$ $o*,res e$ esta (e$g/a a (os ! &ere$tes (/gares0 'o$ e( +asar !e (os aLos (as +o,(a' o$es (o rat & 'a$P Qa$'aro $2a ^ 'a,e'era !e ag/a &res'a0 Ma'4aret- ^ Ma'4are (./'a s ()estre)0 Ma'4 _ete (' $t/ra !e *o$o)0 +ara otros Ma'4 O T/ '4a (*o$o gra$!e)5
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Et$ 'a*e$te (a +o,(a' 3$ !e( %rea !e est/! o +ro) e$e !e @ &/e$tes +r $' +a(es0 /$a +arte !e (a +o,(a' 3$ t e$e s/s or-ge$es e$ e( +/e,(o G/ara$-0 7/ e$es aK$ se 'o$'e$tra$ e$ 'o*/$ !a!es or g $ar as (I)oA Ya+ 0 T *,o.' to0 Qa$'aro $2a 4a' e$!a Ma'4aretesta' 3$0 Te$ta* 0 Tat- (a't/a(*e$te tras(a!a!os a /$ ,arr o !e (a (o'a( !a! !e Ma'4aret )0 Y/7/ Ca + +e$! 0)0 e8 st e$!o a!e*%s gr/+os e$ Qa$'aro $2a esta' 3$0 I+at !e I)o0 T g/ +a +/e,(o0 T g/ +a esta' 3$ a (os 7/e se s/*a$ a7/e((os 7/e se *e2'(aro$ 'o$ (os *est 2os5 Otro gr/+o *+orta$te t e$e s/s or-ge$es e$ (os 'o(o$ 2a!ores *est 2os 7/e ((egaro$ a( C4a'o (C4/7/ sa7/eLos0 Tar 1eLos0 Co'4a,a*, $os)0 !es!e & $a(es !e (a !6'a!a !e( GF !e( s g(o ÌÀ & $a(*e$te /$ +e7/eLo +or'e$ta1e t e$e s/s or-ge$es e$ (os 'a*+es $os 7/e'4/as !e Potos- . +ro) $' as !e C4/7/ sa'a 7/e ((egaro$ e$ =>D?5
GRAFICO 8.-
%RESENCIA DE GRU%OS UTNICOS EN LA 9ONA DE ESTUDIO

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DEPARTAMENTO SANTA CRUZ

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:.'.'
Inte2cu!tu2a!idad
E$ e( 'aso !e (a 2o$a !e est/! o !e (a +ro+/esta0 *as !e e( GDZ !e (a +o,(a' 3$ es or g $ar a o G/ara$-5 Para te$er /$a re+rese$ta' 3$ . rea( 2ar gest o$es 7/e ,e$e& ' e$ a este +/e,(o or g $ar o0 se 4a$ orga$ 2a!o !es!e 4a'e */'4o t e*+o e$ Ca+ ta$-as 2o$a(es +ero ta*, 6$ a $ )e( 'o*/$a(0 es !e' r 'a+ ta$-as 'o*/$a(es0 7/e a't/a(*e$te se e$'/e$tra$ agr/+a!as e$ (a Aso' a' 3$ !e P/e,(os G/ara$ es5 Lo *+orta$te !e estas +o,(a' o$es or g $ar as es 7/e se e$'/e$tra , e$ orga$ 2a!os0 $o e8 ste$ (-* tes terr tor a(es O $ter*/$ ' +a(es e$ (a 'o*+os ' 3$ !e s/s ! str tos0 so$ e((os * s*os 7/ e$es !e( * ta$ e( %rea geogr%& 'a !e /$ !eter* $a!o ! str to e$ &/$' 3$ a (os a$te'e!e$tes 4 st3r 'os !e (os * s*os . trata$!o e$ to!os (os 'asos 'o$so( !ar (a /$ !a! !e( +/e,(o5
:.+
Desc2i3cin de !as ca2acte24sticas socia!es de !os /eneficia2ios La *a.or-a !e (as 'o*/$ !a!es t e$e$ s/s & estas +atro$a(es0 7/e so$ &este1a!as !e a'/er!o a s/s 'ost/*,res0 se agrega$ a (os 'a(e$!ar os (o'a(esA (as & estas !e 'ar%'ter 'o(e't )o $a' o$a(0 'o*o ALo N/e)o0 Car$a)a(0 Na) !a! . Pas'/a5
CUADRO N& 11.-
CALENDARIO FESTI-O ) RITUAL %OR COMUNIDAD FIESTA O RITO B rge$ !e (a Lag/$a Sa$ </e$a)e$t/ra Cr sto Re. Sa$ _/a$ MES No) e*,re _/$ o No) e*,re _/$ o
COMUNIDAD YAPI IPATI DE IBO IBO QANCAROINZA ESTACION TIGUIPA ESTACION CAMATINDI
38
MES _/( o Mar2o _/( o
COMUNIDAD TIGUIPA PUE<LO MACNARETI ESTACION TATI YUQUI CAIPIPENDI MACNARETI PUE<LO
FIESTA O RITO Sa$t ago Sa$ _os6 B rge$ !e( Car*6$
Fuente: Elab !a"i#n $! $ia = =.' SER-ICIOS ,&SICOS EXISTENTES Est2uctu2a instituciona! Co$ e( o,1eto !e gara$t 2ar (a +ro) s 3$ $or*a( !e ag/a +or 'aLer-a . +o2os0 se orga$ 2aro$ Coo+erat )as e$ (as +o,(a' o$es !e Ma'4aret-0 . Ca*at $! 5 E$ (as 'o*/$ !a!es !e I+at !e I)o0 T g/ +a Esta' 3$ . T g/ +a P/e,(o0 se orga$ 2aro$ e$ Co* t6s !e ag/a +ara a!* $ strar (os +o2os +er&ora!os . ag/a +or 'aLer-a5
CUADRO N& 12.-
ESTRUCTURA INSTITUCIONAL DE SER-ICIO %OR COMUNIDAD ORGANI9ACI(N AREA DE ACTI-IDAD
COMUNIDAD Ya+ I+at !e I)o I)o Qa$'aro $2a Na' e$!a Qa$'aro $2a Esta' 3$ Cara$!a.t T g/ +a esta' 3$ Ca*at $! T g/ +a P/e,(o Tat T *,o.' to Y/7/ Ca + +e$! Ma'4aret P/e,(o
N $g/$a Co* t6 !e ag/a D str ,/' 3$ !e ag/a Coo+erat )a !e Ag/a . (/2 A!* $ stra' 3$ !e ser) ' os N $g/$a N $g/$a A!* $ stra' 3$ !e( ser) ' o !e e$erg-a e(6'tr 'a0 Co* t6 !e Ser) ' os ,%s 'os +ro) s 3$ !e ag/a Co* t6 !e ag/a A!* $ stra' 3$ !e( ser) ' o !e ag/a +or 'aLer-a Coo+ !e Ser) ' os !e ag/a A!* $ stra' 3$ !e( ser) ' o !e ag/a +or 'aLer-a Co* t6 !e ag/a A!* $ stra' 3$ !e( ser) ' o !e ag/a +or 'aLer a N $g/$a N $g/$a N $g/$a Coo+erat )a !e ag/a A!* $ stra' 3$ !e( ser) ' o
Fuente: Elab !a"i#n $! $ia
39
=.+
Ca!idad* co/e2tu2a
estado de !os siste8as de a6ua 3ota/!e
CUADRO N& 1$.-
CO,ERTURA DE SANEAMIENTO ,ASICO %OR COMUNIDAD A,ASTECIMIENTO DE AGUA %OR CATERIA -ERTIENTE %O9O ATAJADO ` SFZ ` ` ` = + (eta PK,( 'a ` ` ` >FZ ` ` ` ` CFZ IFZ SFZ @FZ IFZ DFZ ` ` R-o SZ GFZ R-o ` I P (eta PK,( 'as5 ` ` ` ` ` SZ ` R-o R-o @FZ P (eta PK,( 'as5
COMUNIDADES Ya+ I+at !e I)o I)o Zo$a H/r/./7/ Zo$a !e G/ar Qa$'aro $2a Na' e$!a Qa$'aro $2a Esta' 3$ Cara$!a.tT g/ +a Esta' 3$ Ca*at $!T g/ +a P/e,(o Te$ta*Ma'4aret- Esta' 3$ T *,o.' to TatY/7/ Ca + +e$!MacNa2et4 %ue/!o
Ta( 'o*o se o,ser)a e$ e( '/a!ro a$ter or0 (as 'o*/$ !a!es . +o,(a' o$es !e( ! str to !e I)o0 se o,ser)a (a !e& ' e$' a e$ e( a,aste' * e$to !e ag/a +ota,(e0 . e( 'o$s/*o se sat s&a'e +or ! &ere$tes *e! os0 /t ( 2a$!o 'o*o &/e$te !e ag/a (os ata1a!os0 ag/a !e ((/) a a(*a'e$a!a e$ a(1 ,es . )ert e$tes5 E$ (a 6+o'a !e est a1e (a s t/a' 3$ es a(ar*a$te0 +/esto 7/e s $o 4a. ((/) a (os !e+3s tos !e ag/a se agota$5 E$ e( ! str to !e I)o0 e8 ste$ so(o @ +o2os +ro&/$!os e$ I+at !e I)o . H/r/./7/ 5 Las 'o*/$ !a!es . +o,(a' o$es !e( ! str to !e Ma'4aret- /t ( 2a$ ag/a !e a(g/$as )ert e$tes0 ata1a!os . +or K(t *o !e (os r-os 7/e ,a1a$ !e (a Serra$-a !e( Ag/arag/eA e$ (as +o,(a' o$es !e Ma'4aret P/e,(o0 Ca*at $! . (as 'o*/$ !a!es !e T *,o.' to . T g/ +a P/e,(oA esta ag/a es tras(a!a!a *e! a$te 'aLer-a +ara e( 'o$s/*o 4/*a$o5 =.5 Co/e2tu2a 8edios 3a2a !a e!i8inacin de eAc2etas
La $&raestr/'t/ra !e e( * $a' 3$ !e e8'retas es */. ,a1a0 $ $g/$a +o,(a' 3$ . 'o*/$ !a! '/e$ta 'o$ ser) ' o !e a('a$tar ((a!o0 (as K$ 'as $st t/' o$es 7/e '/e$ta$ 'o$ a('a$tar ((a!o
40
e$ Ma'4aret- P/e,(o so$ e( Nos+ ta( . e( $ter$a!o !e( 'o(eg oA e( resto !e (as 'o*/$ !a!es $)o(/'ra!as e$ e( est/! o /t ( 2a$ +o2os ' egos . (etr $as0 e( s g/ e$te '/a!ro */estra (a 'o,ert/ra !e este ser) ' o K$ 'a*e$te e$ a7/e((as !o$!e se ! s+o$e !e( * s*o0 e( resto !e (as 'o*/$ !a!es rea( 2a$ s/s $e'es !a!es , o(3g 'as e$ es+a' os 'o*o 7/e,ra!as o %reas )er!es +o$ e$!o e$ r esgo (a sa(/! !e (a +o,(a' 3$ e$ ge$era(5
CUADRO N& 14.-
CO,ERTURA DE SANEAMIENTO ,ASICO %OR COMUNIDAD

COMUNIDADES Qa$'aro $2a Esta' 3$ Cara$!a.tCa*at $!T g/ +a P/e,(o Ma'4aret- Esta' 3$ T *,o.' to MacNa2et4 %ue/!o ELIMINACION DE EXCRETAS LETRINA %O9O CIEGO CFZ ?FZ >FZ DFZ IFZ DFZ @FZ
Fuente: Elab !a"i#n $! $ia =.: Fuentes usos de Ene264a
E$tre (os ! )ersos t +os !e e$erg-a /t ( 2a!os e$ (os 4ogares !e (as 'o*/$ !a!es $)o(/'ra!as0 (a (eLa es (a +r $' +a( &/e$te !e e$erg-a . es /t ( 2a!a e$ (a 'o'' 3$ !e (os a( *e$tos5 E( gas ( '/a!o '/.o /so a/$ $o esta */. ge$era( 2a!o es e*+(ea!o *%s +ara a(/*,ra!o a$tes 7/e +ara (a 'o'' 3$ !e a( *e$tos0 a( g/a( 7/e e( ! ese( . e( Herose$e /t ( 2a!o +r $' +a(*e$te +ara e( a(/*,ra!o +K,( 'o e$ (as 'o*/$ !a!es . (o'a( !a!es !o$!e (a e$erg-a e(6'tr 'a aK$ $o 4a ((ega!oA */. +o'as +erso$as '/e$ta$ 'o$ +a$e(es so(ares +ara e( a(/*,ra!o !e s/s ) ) e$!as5 E( s g/ e$te '/a!ro $os */estra e( !eta((e e$ 'a!a 'o*/$ !a! $)o(/'ra!a e$ e( est/! o5
41
CUADRO N& 1%.-
USO DE FUENTES DE ENERGIA A NI-EL DOMESTICO %OR COMUNIDAD
COMUNIDAD E!ect2ica Ya+ I+at !e I)o I)o Qa$a'aro 2a Na' e$!a Qa$a'aro 2a Esta' 3$ Cara$!a.tT g/ +a esta' 3$ Ca*at $! T g/ +a P/e,(o Te$ta* Ma'4aret- Esta' 3$ Tat T *,o.' to Y/7/ Ca +e$! _5 Be' $a( Sa$ _os6(@) _5 Be' $a( 'e$tra( _5 Be'5 B rge$ !e( Car*e$ A(/*,ra!o So!a2 A(/*,ra!o
USO %RINCI%AL G!3 Se2osene LeVa Diese! Gaso!ina A(/*,ra!o Co' $ar A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o Co' $ar A(/*,ra!o Co' $ar A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o Co' $ar A(/*,ra!o Co' $ar A(/*,ra!o
A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o
A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o
Co' $ar Co' $ar Co' $ar Co' $ar A(/*,ra!o Co' $ar Co' $ar A(/*,ra!o Co' $ar A(/*,ra!o Co' $ar Co' $ar A(/*,ra!o Co' $ar MacNa2et4 %ue/!o Co' $ar Co' $ar Co' $ar
A(/*,ra!o
A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o A(/*,ra!o a(/*,ra!o
Co' $ar Be4-'/(o Co' $ar a(/*,ra!o
Fuente: Elab !a"i#n $! $ia La +ro)ee!ora !e e$erg-a e(6'tr 'a a (as +o,(a' o$es !e T g/ +a Esta' 3$0 Ca*at $! 0 T g/ +a P/e,(o0 Ma'4aret- P/e,(o0 T *,o.' to . Qa$'aro $2a Esta' 3$0 es Ser) ' os E(6'tr 'os Tar 1a (SETAR LTDA)0 7/e e8t e$!e /$a (-$ea Mo$o&%s 'a !es!e (a ' /!a! !e B ((a*o$tes0 s $ e*,argo se esta rea( 2a$!o est/! os +or +arte !e (a No$ora,(e A('a(!-a M/$ ' +a( +ara a,aste'er 'o$ este ser) ' o e(6'tr 'o a )ar as 'o*/$ !a!es5
42
> >.'
-I-IENDA Estado ca!idad
La *a.or-a !e (as ) ) e$!as !e (a 2o$a e$ (a 7/e $ter) e$e e( est/! o se e$'/e$tra$ e$ *a( esta!o0 (as 'o$str/'' o$es so$ +re'ar as0 (as '/a(es 'are'e$ !e re)o7/es $ter$os O e8ter$os0 ' * e$tos esta,(es0 */. +o'as 4a$ s !o re&a'' o$a!as5 Las ) ) e$!as 'o$ *e1ores 'o$! ' o$es !e 'o$str/'' 3$ . 'a( !a! !e 'o$ser)a' 3$ +erte$e'e$ a a(g/$as &a* ( as !e ga$a!eros 'o$ *a.ores re'/rsos e'o$3* 'os5
CUADRO N& 16.CALIDAD DE LAS -I-IENDAS desc2i3cin M
Mate2ia! 3a2a !os tecNos
8ate2ia! 3a2a !as 3a2edes
8ate2ia! 3a2a e! 3iso
CALAMINA O PLANCNA TE_A0 CEMENTO0 ARCILLA0 FI<ROCEMTO LOSA DE NORMIGN ARMADO PA_A0 CAQA0 PALMA0 <ARRO OTRO tota! LADRILLO0 <LOQUE DE CEMENTO0 NORMIGN ADO<E TAPIAL TA<IQUE0 QUINCNA PIEDRA MADERA CAQA0 PALMA0 TRONCO OTRO Tota! TIERRA CEMENTO MOSAICO0 <ALDOSA LADRILLO tota!
@D '> E.5 : E.@ 'EE '@ 5C 5@ E.' > E.> '.5 'EE >> +' + '' 'EE
F/e$teP E(a,ora' 3$ +ro+ a
Las ) ) e$!as e$ s/ estr/'t/ra0 +are!es . te'4os ge$era(*e$te est%$ 'o$str/ !os *ater a(es $a!e'/a!os !e 'ar%'ter (o'a(0 'o*o *a!era0 'aLa0 +a1a0 7/ $'4a o a!o,e s $ re)o'ar . + sos !e t erra5 E$ (os estratos !e '(ase *e! a ,a1a a *e! a0 (os *ater a(es *e1ora$ a +are!es !e a!o,e 'o$ re)o7/e0 + sos !e (a!r ((o o 'e*e$to0 . */. e8'e+' o$a(*e$te !e *a!era . 'era* 'a5
43
>.+
N<8e2o de a8/ientes 3o2 1i1ienda
E( +ro*e! o !e a*, e$tes +or ) ) e$!a es !e @0 +ero e$ e( Ce$so Na' o$a( !e Po,(a' 3$ . B ) e$!a !e @FF=0 e( ??5SIZ o'/+a$ /$a so(a 4a, ta' 3$0 e( @I Z !os 4a, ta' o$es . e( I@5?CZ *%s !e I 4a, ta' o$es5 E( I?Z !e (os !or* tor os esta s e$!o /t ( 2a!o 4asta @ +erso$as0 +ero e$ e( GGZ0 es o'/+a!o +or I a ? +erso$as0 (o 7/e '(ara*e$te esta $! 'a$!o e( gra!o !e 4a' $a* e$to 7/e e8 ste e$ (as ) ) e$!as5 S $ e*,argo (a *a.or-a !e (as ) ) e$!as (CSZ) '/e$ta$ 'o$ '/arto es+e' a( +ara 'o' $ar5
CUADRO N& 17.NUMERO DE AM,IENTES ) USOS %OR COMUNIDAD
USO DE LOS AM,IENTES NW A8/ientes Do28ito2io De3osito Ot2os Ya+ @5FF =5FF =5FF I+at !e I)o @5FF =5FF =5FF I)o @5FF =5FF =5FF Qa$'aro $2a Na' e$!a @5FF =5FF =5FF Qa$'aro $2a Esta' 3$ I5FF @5FF =5FF T g/ +a Esta' 3$ @5FF @5FF Ca*at $! I5FF @5FF =5FF T g/ +a P/e,(o @5FF =5FF =5FF Te$ta* @5FF @5FF Ma'4aret Esta' 3$ @5FF @5FF Tat @5FF =5FF =5FF T $,o.' to @5FF @5FF Y/7/ Ca + +e$! @5FF =5FF =5FF MacNa2eti %ue/!o _5 Be' $a( Sa$ _os6 @5FF @5FF _5 Be' $a( Ce$tra( I5FF @5FF =5FF _5 Be'5 B rge$ !e( Car*6$ @5FF @5FF COMUNIDAD
>.5
%2o8edio de 3e2sonas 3o2 1i1ienda
E( $K*ero +ro*e! o !e +erso$as +or ) ) e$!a e$ (a se'' 3$ */$ ' +a( es !e ?5C5 E8 st e$!o s $ e*,argo 'asos !o$!e /$a ) ) e$!a +/e!e estar 4a, ta!a +or I a ? +erso$as e$ (os 'asos !e *e$or o'/+a' 3$ !e (a ) ) e$!a0 * e$tras e$ e( 'aso !e *a.or o'/+a' 3$ esta s tKa e$tre C a > +erso$as
44
@ @.'
TRANS%ORTE ) COMUNICACIONES Red 1ia!* ae2o3o2tua2ia f!u1ia!
A $ )e( !e+arta*e$ta( e( M/$ ' + o !e Ma'4aret- es /$a !e (as se'' o$es 7/e '/e$ta 'o$ *a.or !e $K*ero !e R (3*etros !e )-as as&a(ta!as0 'a* $os )e' $a(es . ,re'4as5 T e$e /$ a''eso +er*a$e$te . 'o$t $/o !/ra$te to!o e( aLo ta$to +or 'arretera 'o*o +or &erro'arr (5 La re! !e 'o*/$ 'a' o$es !e( M/$ ' + o 'o$ e( $ter or !e (a Re+K,( 'a es ,/e$a0 se +/e!e ((egar a (os +r $' +a(es +/$tos !e( +a-s /t ( 2a$!o (a Carretera Ya'/ ,aM Sa$ta Cr/2 . e( &erro'arr ( !e( * s*o $o*,re0 a*,as )-as 'r/2a$ e( terr tor o tra$s)ersa(*e$te !e Norte a S/!5 E( &erro'arr ( t e$e esta' o$es e$ T g/ +a Esta' 3$0 Ma'4aret- Esta' 3$ . T g/ +a Esta' 3$5 S $ e*,argo res/(ta a$e'!3t 'o 7/e (a ) $'/(a' 3$ 'o$ (a 'a+ ta( !e( De+arta*e$to (S/'re)0 !e( 7/e ! sta SDS R (3*etros sea +re'ar a0 tra$s&or*%$!ose ! & '/(tosa !/ra$te (a 6+o'a !e ((/) as5 Nasta (a &e'4a (as +o(-t 'as !e+arta*e$ta(es +or *e1orar esta ) $'/(a' 3$ $o se !e1aro$ se$t r . (a reg 3$ s g/e !es'o$e'ta!a 'o$ e( !e+arta*e$to5 Na'e a(g/$os aLos (!6'a!a !e( DF)0 e8 st-a$ + stas !e t erra 7/e era$ /t ( 2a!as +or YPF< . (a E*+resa Petro(era O'' !e$ta(0 7/e esta,a$ s t/a!as e$P
E( Por)e$ r <or!o A(to T g/ +a Esta' 3$ Ma'4aret- Esta' 3$ B/e(ta Gra$!e =DFF *5 =@FF *5 =IFF *5 =@FF * =@FF *5 O'' !e$ta( YPF< YPF< YPF< YPF<
Co$ e( !e'( $a* e$to !e (a e8+(ora' 3$ . e8+(ota' 3$ +etro(era e$ (a 2o$a0 estas $&raestr/'t/ras 7/e!aro$ a,a$!o$a!as5
45
@.+
%2inci3a!es t2a8os* !on6itudes
accesi/i!idad se6<n c!ase
CUADRO N& 18.-
CAMINOS %RINCI%ALES* LONGITUD A LAS COMUNIDADES
%RINCI%ALES TRAMOS Ca*at $! O T g/ +a Esta' 3$ Ya+ M I+at !e I)o M I)o Cara$!a.t O Las Lo*as O Ma'4aretCara$!a.t O E( Sa()a!or O Ta*a$ g/at Qa$'aro $2a Esta' 3$ M Cara$!a.t <o./ ,e O Ca*at $! M As&a(ta!o
LONGITUD S8. == IF IS ?@ IF GF
E( esta!o !e estos 'a* $os +or (o ge$era( es !e *a(o a reg/(ar5 E$ 6+o'a !e ((/) a estos 'a* $os se )/e()e$ +e( grosos +or e( ,arro . (a &or*a' 3$ !e '4ar'os !o$!e se e$&a$ga$ (os )e4-'/(osA 'as to!os 'are'e$ !e '/$etas . a('a$tar ((as +ara !es) ar (as ag/as +(/) a(es5 U$ &a'tor 7/e ! & '/(ta (a +reser)a' 3$ e$ ,/e$ esta!o !e (os * s*os es e( terre$o ar' ((oM are$oso . (a 'are$' a !e ,a$'os 'er'a$os0 !e agrega!os +ara rea( 2ar r + a!os !e (as * s*as5 A +esar !e to!as estas ! & '/(ta!es estos 'a* $os +er* te$ (a 'o*/$ 'a' 3$ e$tre (as ! )ersas 'o*/$ !a!es0 e( $greso !e +erso$a( !e sa(/! +ara rea( 2ar s/s tareas0 e( tra$s to !e es'o(ares . e( $greso !e )e4-'/(os !e 'o*er' a$tes 7/e ) e$e$ a 'o*+rar ga$a!o ,o) $o0 +or' $o0 +ro!/'tos agr-'o(as . !er )a!os agro+e'/ar os5
Estos 'a* $os )e' $a(es . ,re'4as +or e( !eter oro $or*a( 7/e s/&re$ +or e&e'to !e (os &e$3*e$os '( *%t 'os . +or (a &rag ( !a! !e (a +(ata&or*a0 re7/ ere$ !e /$ *a$te$ * e$to 'o$sta$te . e$ a(g/$os 'asos !e *e1ora* e$to5
@.5
F2ecuencia
3e2iodos de uso
E$ e( */$ ' + o (a K$ 'a )-a /t ( 2a!a a ! ar o . !/ra$te (os IGS !-as !e( aLo es (a Carretera <o./ ,e O Ca*at $! 0 tra*o 7/e /$e (as ' /!a!es !e Sa$ta Cr/2 . Ya'/ ,a5 E$tre (os 'a* $os )e' $a(es *%s /t ( 2a!os est%$ e( Ca*at $! O T g/ +a Esta' 3$ +or e( 7/e tra$s ta$ *%s !e I )e4-'/(os +or !-a0 e$ (os 'a* $os I+at !e I)o O Cr/'e R/ta >0 Cara$!a.t M Sa()a!or O Ta*a$ g/at . Cara$!a.t O Las Lo*as O Ma'4aret- (a &re'/e$' a +/e!e a('a$2ar a /$ )e4-'/(o 'a!a @ o I !-as5 Los otros 'a* $os +/e!e$ ser tra$s ta!os +or /$ )e4-'/(o /$a )e2 a (a se*a$a o 7/ $'e$a(*e$te0 !e+e$! e$!o !e (a 6+o'a5
46
Los 'a* $os )e' $a(es so$ tra$s ta,(es 'o$ $or*a( !a! a +art r !e( *es !e A,r ( 4asta No) e*,re . e$ o+ort/$ !a!es 4asta ! ' e*,re0 'o$ +re'a/' 3$ e$tre ! ' e*,re . e$eroA !es!e e$ero 4asta *ar2o (os 'a* $os se tor$a$ $tra$s ta,(es0 so,re to!o a7/e((os 7/e 'o$!/'e$ a (as 'o*/$ !a!es !e (a ((a$/ra '4a7/eLa5 @.: Red de Inte2co8unicaciones
Pese a ser /$ %rea !e est/! o 'o$ ,a1a !e$s !a! +o,(a' o$a(0 (os ser) ' os !e 'o*/$ 'a' 3$ ra! a( . D s'a!o D re'to Na' o$a( e I$ter$a' o$a( sat s&a'e$ (as e8+e'tat )as !e (os +o,(a!ores !e (a 2o$a 7/e $ter) e$e e( est/! o5
CUADRO N& 19.SER-ICIOS DE COMUNICACI(N
COMUNIDAD Ma'4aret- P/e,(o Cara$!a.t I)o T g/ +a Esta' 3$ Qa$'aro $2a Esta' 3$ I+at !e I)o A('a(!-a Ma'4aretCa*at $! Te$ta* Tra$7/ ( !a! B/e(ta Gra$!e
Se21icios de Co8unicacin DITER ENTEL RADIOS ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` `
La e8 ste$' a !e o& ' $as !e ENTEL e$ S (/gares +er* te 'o*/$ 'arse a (os 4a, ta$tes !e( M/$ ' + o 'o$ e( $ter or . e8ter or !e( +a-s )-a D s'a!o D re'to . Te(e&o$-a !e &or*a &(/ !a0 esta 'o*/$ 'a' 3$ se 'o*+(e*e$ta 'o$ (a a*+( a re! !e ra! os !e ,a$!a *3) ( e8 ste$te e$ )ar as 'o*/$ !a!es5 Estos ser) ' os +resta$ /$a gra$ 'o(a,ora' 3$ e$ /$a 2o$a 'ara'ter 2a!a +or 'o*/$ !a!es ! s+ersas '/.as ! sta$' as so$ gra$!es5 @.= Medios de co8unicacinB T-* Radio e8iso2as* %2ensa esc2ita etc.
De$tro !e( area !e est/! o e8 ste$ a$te$as +ara,3( 'as +ara ,a1ar seLa(es !e te(e) s 3$ e$ (as +o,(a' o$es !e Ma'4aret- P/e,(o0 Ca*at $! . T g/ +a Esta' 3$0 !o$!e se )e$ (os 'a$a(es $a' o$a(es (TB <OLIBIANA0 AT<0 RED UNO0 UNITEL0 <OLIBISION . PAT)5
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E$ (a 'a+ ta( !e (a se'' 3$ &/$' o$a /$a e* sora !e Fre'/e$' a Mo!/(a!a0 !e a('a$'e 'orto0 7/e e$tret e$e e $&or*a a (a +o,(a' 3$ !e Ma'4aret- . s/s a(re!e!ores5 De (as Ra! oe* soras Na' o$a(es !e O$!a Corta *%s es'/'4a!os est%$ Ra! o Sa$ta Cr/20 F !es (La 4ora !e( Pa-s)0 Pa$a*er 'a$a . PIO ÌI5 No e8 ste +ro!/'' 3$ !e +re$sa es'r ta (o'a(0 ta*+o'o e8 ste$ age$' as !e $ $gK$ *at/t $o $a' o$a(5
III LE-ANTAMIENTO DE INFORMACION ,IOFISICA ' '.' COM%ONENTE A,IOTICO C!i8a
E( %rea !e est/! o !e a'/er!o a (a '(as & 'a' 3$ !e T4or$t41E te0 'orres+o$!e a (as s erras S/, a$! $as0 +rese$ta$!o 'ara'ter-st 'as !e '( *a S/,4K*e!o *egater*a( e$ (a 2o$a !e + e !e *o$te . (a +arte Norte !e (a &a1a s/,a$! $a5 %Bibliograf!a& 'studio de Impacto Ambiental () *an Antonio +orte %,, - .rea de Mac/areti0 La Ter'era se'' 3$ Ma'4aret- !e (a Pro) $' a L/-s Ca()o0 se s tKa e$ (a reg 3$ s/,tro+ 'a( ,o( ) a$a . t e$e /$ '( *a '%( !o5 SegK$ (a '(as & 'a' 3$ !e (os t +os '( *%t 'os so$ SEMIARIDO D5 SU<NUMEDO OSECO C=0 SU<NUMEDOMNUMEDO C@0 ARIDO5 E$ e( %rea !e( est/! o e( '( *a s/,4/*e!o se e8t e$!e a( + e . a (o (argo !e (a serra$-a !e( Ag/arag/e0 t e$e @ a I *eses !e e8'e!e$' a . e$tre I a S *eses !e !6& ' t 4-!r 'oA (as te*+erat/ras .a $o so$ ta$ e(e)a!as 'o*o e$ (os otros t +os '( *%t 'os5 E$ este ' $t/r3$ se e$'/e$tra$ (as +o,(a' o$es !e Ma'4aret-0 Ca*at $! . (as 'o*/$ !a!es !e T g/ +a P/e,(o0 Tat 0 T *,o.' to0 Y/7/ Ca + +e$! 0 I)o0 I+at !e I)o0 Ya+ '.+ Te83e2atu2a
La te*+erat/ra e$ e( area !e( est/! o segK$ se +/!o o,ser)ar . a$a( 2ar (os !atos !e (as esta' o$es !e Ma'4aret . E( Sa()a!or so$ esta,(es +rese$ta$!o 'o*o te*+ert/ra +ro*e! o @S WC0 e$ (a ta,(a se +/e!e o,ser)ar (as te*+erat/ras *a8 *as . * $ *as !e (as esta' o$es E( Sa()a!or . Ma'4aret 5
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CUADRO N& 2".-
TEM%ERATURAS MAXIMAS ) MINIMAS
TEM%ERATURAS Te*+erat/ra *e! a a*, e$te Te*+erat/ra M%8 *a *e! a Te*+erat/ra M-$ *a *e! a Te*+erat/ra M%8 *a a,so(/ta Te*+erat/ra M-$ *a a,so(/ta Fuente: SENAMHI /001 '.5 %2eci3itacin
ESTACIONES E! Sa!1ado2 MacNa2et4 @=5CTC @=5>TC @D5ITC =S5=TC ?F5FTC M S5FTC @>5=TC =?5CTC ??5FTC M?5FTC
Las +re' + ta' o$ e$ e( area !e( est/! o se 'arater 2a +or ser esta' o$ar as !e a'/er!o a $&or*a' o$ $! 'a!a e$ (as esta' o$es *etero(og 'as !e Ma'4aret . E( Sa()a!or5 Las +r *eras +re' + ta' o$es so$ o'a' o$a(es . se +rese$ta$ e$ a(g/$os se'tores 4a' a & $es !e( *es !e se+t e*,re0 $terr/*+ e$!os6 4asta *e! a!os !e $o) e*,re +ara $ ' ar (a 6+o'a ((/) osa 'o$ +re' + ta' o$es +(/) a(es 'osta$tes 4asta e( *es !e &e,reros . es '/a$!o (as +re' + ta' o$es ,a1a$ !e $te$' !a! e$tra$!o a (a 6+o'a !e ((o) 2$as !es!e e( *es !e *ar2o +ara ter* $ar e$ *a.o5 E$ e( s g/ e$te '/a!ro se */estra$ +ro*e! os !e +re' + ta' o$es +(/) a(es5
CUADRO N& 21.%RECI%ITACIONES %LU-IALES REGISTRADAS
DETALLE MACFARETI Pre' + ta' 3$ M%8 *a e8tre*a =GF5FF ** (E$e0 Mar) Pre' + ta' 3$ *e! a a$/a( D@S5FF ** Pre' + ta' 3$ M-$ *a e8tre*a F5FF ** (Ago) Fuente: SENAMHI /001.
EL SAL-ADOR CG?5GF **
Las 6+o'as !e )ar a' o$es !r%st 'as !e +re' + ta' 3$ se !e,e$ a (os &e$3*e$os '( *ato(3g 'os !e( N Lo0 !o$!e e8 ste$ +re' + ta' o$es &/era !e( +ro*e! o $or*a( . se7/ as e8tre*as a$tes o !es+/es !e( &e$3*e$o *e$' o$a!o5
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E( s g/ e$te '/a!ro */estra (as +re' + ta' o$es !/ra$te e( &e$3*e$o !e( $ Lo !e( aLo @FFG O @FFC !e (a esta' 3$ '( *ato(3g 'a !e B ((a*o$tes /, 'a!a a SS R* !e (a (o'a( !a! !e B ((a*o$tes5
CUADRO N& 22.%RECI%ITACI(N %LU-IAL OMMP REGISTRADA EN -ILLAMONTES
+EE> A6o No1 A/2 Ene Jun Se3 Oct Ma Dic Ju!
+EE@ Ma2 A/2 Fe/
@@@5D F5F F5F F5F F5F I5= CC5G =I>5> I?=5> IF@5S @==5G D?5@ I=5C DETALLE Pre' + ta' 3$ M%8 *a e8tre*a Pre' + ta' 3$ *e! a a$/a( Pre' + ta' 3$ M-$ *a e8tre*a F/e$teP SENAMNI @FFC -ILLAMONTES @@@5DF ** (A,r (C@FFG) =?GC5DF ** F5FF ** (Ma.o0_/$ o0_/( o . Agosto)
'.:
-ientos
E( %rea !e( est/! o0 est% e$ /$a 2o$a geogr%& 'a 'o$ */'4a $&(/e$' a !e 'orr e$tes !e a(ta +res 3$ ge$era!as e$ e( At(%$t 'o S/r0 !e este *o!o (os ) e$tos +re!o* $a$tes te$!r-a$ 7/e ser !e( $orte . $oresteA s $ e*,argo (os &re$tes +ro)e$ e$tes !e( s/r so$ !o* $a$tes0 es+e' a(*e$te e$ (os *eses !e $) er$o5 C/a$!o esta s t/a' 3$ se !a0 e( ) e$to +ro)e$ e$te !e( s/r +rese$ta )e(o' !a!es !e IF H*J4r . r%&agas !e SS H*J4r0 (os *eses 'o$ ) e$tos +re!o* $a$tes !e( s/r so$ !e se+t e*,re a o't/,re 'o$ /$a )e(o' !a! +ro*e! o !e DH*J4r5 E( *es !e *e$or )e(o' !a! !e ) e$tos es e( *es !e Ma.o 'o$ /$ +ro*e! o !e ?5=H*J4r5 (Bibliograf!a& 'studio de Impacto Ambiental () *an Antino +orte %,, - .rea de Mac/areti0 '.= At8sfe2a 2uido
De a'/er!o a( re'orr !o rea( 2a!o +or (as 2o$a !e est/! o . re'o+( 2a' o$ !e $&or*a' o$ !e &/e$tes ! re'tas . o,ser)a' 3$ ! re'ta e$ 'a*+o0 se e) !e$' o 7/e e( gra!o !e 'o$ta* $a' o$ at*os&er 'a es $o s g$ & 'at )o o e$ a(g/$os 'asos $/(o !e, !o a (a +o'a $ter)e$' o$ 7/e e8 ste e$ (a 2o$a5
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A( $o e8 st r e$ e( %rea !e( est/! o0 &%,r 'as0 $!/str as0 7/e e* ta$ gases0 4/*o o +ro!/2'a$ +o()o0 e( &a'tor a re e$ e( %rea se 'o$s !era !e */. ,/e$a 'a( !a!0 sa()o e$tre (os *eses !e agosto . se+t e*,re 7/e se $ ' a (a 6+o'a !e +re+ara' 3$ !e '4a'os +ara s e*,ra0 se e) !e$' a 'o$ta* $a' 3$ at*os&6r 'a +or 4/*os5 E( *+a'to !e r/ !os . e* s o$es !e *o$o8 !o !e 'ar,o$o o'a' o$a!o +or (a tra$s ta, ( !a! !e )e4-'/(os a 'o$se'/e$' a !e (a 'arretera $ter$a' o$a( Sa$ta Cr/2 O Ya'/ ,a O Arge$t $a es +/$t/a( 2a!a5 '.> Ries6os c!i8?ticos
SegK$ !atos o,te$ !os ta$to e$ tra,a1o !e 'a*+o . !e ga, $ete (os +r $' +a(es r esgos '( *at 'os !e$t & 'a!os so$P '.@ SeRu4as
Se 'o$st t/.e$ e$ (a +r $' +a( a*e$a2a !e (a reg 3$0 ta$to +ara (a ga$a!er-aA 'o*o +ara (a agr '/(t/ra5 Este &e$3*e$o se +ro(o$ga ge$era(*e$te !es!e e( *es !e 1/( o 4asta $o) e*,re0 +ero e$ o'as o$es +/e!e e8te$!erse 4asta ! ' e*,re5 La 2o$a *%s +er1/! 'a!a +or (as se7/-as es a7/e((a 7/e esta s t/a!a so,re (a ((a$/ra '4a7/eLaA s $ e*,argo (as se7/-as ta*+o'o est%$ a/se$tes e$ (a reg 3$ !e I)o5 E$ (a reg 3$ s e*+re 4a e8 st !o !6& ' s !e +re' + ta' 3$ 7/e 'o*K$*e$te se !e$o* $a 2o$a !e !esastre +or se7/ as0 este ter* $o es *a( e*+(ea!o +or (os ga$a!eros +or (a *a(a +ra't 'a !e *a$e1o !e *o$te0 .a 7/e s e*+re se o,ser)a *orta$!a! !e( 4ato +or e( e8e!e$te !e 'arga a$ *a( . 7/e re+er'/te ! re'ta*e$te e$ (a +o,(a' 3$ &a/$-st 'a s ()estre5 '.C Fe!adas
Estas se +rese$ta$ ge$era(*e$te e$ (os *eses !e 1/$ o . 1/( oA +ero estas ,a1as te*+erat/ras 'o$ 4/*e!a! +/e!a$ +rese$tarse 4asta e( *es !e agosto5 S/ a'' 3$ t e$e e&e'tos $egat )os so,re (os %r,o(es &r/ta(es . (a )egeta' 3$ $at/ra(5 S/ a'' 3$ +os t )a re+er'/te e$ e( 'o$tro( !e $se'tos +(agas . (a se(e'' 3$ $at/ra( !e es+e' es *e1or a!a+ta!as a estas a!)ers !a!es5 SegK$ )ers o$es !e ) )e$tes *%s a$t g/os !e (a reg 3$ !e( '4a'o0 '/a$!o se +ro!/'e /$ aLo 'o$ ,asta$tes 4e(a!as &/ertes0 (a 6+o'a !e +re' + ta' 3$ +(/) a( se a!e(a$ta5
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'.D
Inundaciones
E$ s t/a' o$es */. es+e' a(es . '/a$!o (as ((/) as !e e$ero . &e,rero so$ */. $te$sas0 (as ag/as 7/e &or*a$ 9,aLa!os: o (as a(*a'e$a!as e$ 9ata1a!os: +/e!e$ !es,or!arse . +ro)o'ar $/$!a' o$es e$ reg o$es ,a1as o +(a$as 7/e 'are'e$ !e !re$a1es $at/ra(es5 Los s t os 'o$ este r esgo so$ Qa$'aro $2a 0 I+at !e I)o0 I)o0 T g/ +a P/e,(o5 '.'E L!u1ias E( +er o!o !e ((/) as 7/e $o es /$ &or*e a (o (argo !e to!o e( terr tor o !e( M/$ ' + o0 $o se 'o$st t/.e e$ /$ r esgo '( *%t 'oA !e, !o a 7/e (as +re' + ta' o$es $o so$ */. $te$sas0 ta*+o'o se +ro(o$ga$ +or +er o!os */. (argos0 +ero a(g/$os aLosA '/a$!o (as ((/) as !e e$ero . &e,rero so$ */. $te$sas e$ (a 2o$a S/,a$! $a0 +/e!e +ro)o'ar r esgos +or $/$!a' o$es0 so'a)ar (os terre$os are$osos . +ro!/' r !es( 2a* e$tos !e a(g/$os re( e)es o 'erros !e te8t/ras &r%g (es5 '.'' G2ani;adas La +re' + ta' 3$ !e gra$ 2o e$ (a 2o$a $o es /$ &e$3*e$o */. &re'/e$te0 +ero o'as o$a(*e$te +/e!e$ +rese$tarse /$ '4/,as'o 'o$ gra$ 2os !e +e7/eLo ta*aLo 'a!a !os o tres aLos0 7/e $o s g$ & 'a$ r esgo +ara '/(t )os0 )egeta' 3$ . ga$a!er-a5 '.'+ Fisio62af4a E$ &/$' 3$ a (os ra$gos a(t t/! $a(es0 )egeta' 3$ +re!o* $a$te . 'ara'ter-st 'as & s ogr%& 'as o,ser)a!as se !e& $ ero$ tres + sos e'o(3g 'os e$ (a se'' 3$P s/, a$! $o0 + e !e *o$te o !e tra$s ' 3$ . ((a$/ra '4a7/eLa5 Es e( s g/ e$te '/a!ro se */estra (os + sos e'o(3g 'os 'orres+o$! e$tes a (as ! &ere$tes 'o*/$ !a!es !e$t & 'a!as !e$tro !e( %rea !e $&(/e$' a !e( est/! o 7/e se e$'/e$tra$ e$P
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CUADRO N& 2$.-
U,ICACI(N DE LAS COMUNIDADES EN LOS %ISOS ECOL(GICOS
%ISOS ECOLOGICOS LLANURA 9ONA TRANSICION SU,ANDINO Ya+ ` I+at !e I)o ` Qa$'aro $2a Esta' 3$ ` ` 5 Ca*at $! ` ` T g/ +a P/e,(o ` ` ` Te$ta* ` Is +ot $! ` ` Tat ` T *,o.' to ` Y/7/ Ca + +e$! ` Ma'4aret- P/e,(o ` Fuente: PDM Ma".a!eti 2 Obse!(a"i#n en "a&$ COMUNIDAD La Pro) $' a F s ogr%& 'a !e( %rea !e est/! o 'o$ s/s res+e't )os Pa sa1es . S/,+a sa1es se o,ser)a$ e$ e( Ma+a F s ogr%& 'o !e U$ !a!es !e Terre$o5 C/.as /$ !a!es so$ (as s g/ e$tesP Se22an4as OSP. So$ serra$-as a(arga!as 7/e re'orre$ !e $orte a s/! . ! &ere$' a*os I s/,+a sa1es 7/e so$P Se22an4as A!tas OS.AP. S/,+a sa1e !e serra$-a a(ta0 ! se'ta!o0 es'ar+a!o a &/erte*e$te es'ar+a!as0 ( to(og-a !e are$ s'as0 (/t tas0 ( *o( tas0 )egeta' 3$ !e ,os7/e !e$so s e*+re )er!e *o$ta$o0 ,os7/e !e$so se* !e'-!/o . e$ (as +artes *%s a(tas gra*-$eas5 Corres+o$!e a( NK'(eo !e( rea +roteg !a5 Se22an4as Medias OS.MP. S/,+a sa1e !e serra$-as *e! as0 &/erte*e$te ! se'ta!as0 &/erte*e$te es'ar+a!as0 *ater a( !o* $a$te !e are$ s'as . (/t tas0 )egeta' 3$ !e ,os7/e !e$so !e'-!/o . *atorra( 8ero*3r& 'o5 Se22an4a ,a0as OS.,P. S/,+a sa1e !e serra$-as ,a1as0 &/erte a e8tre*a!a*e$te ! se'ta!as0 */. es'ar+a!as0 *ater a( !e are$ s'as . (/t tas0 )egeta' 3$ ,os7/e !e$so se* !e'-!/o0 ,os7/e !e$so !e'-!/o +or se7/-a . *atorra( 8ero*3r& 'o5 Co!inas OCP. Pa sa1e 7/e se /, 'a $*e! ata*e$te !es+/6s !e (as serra$-as0 se o,ser)a$ tres s/,+a sa1esP
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Co!inas A!tas
OC.AP. S/,+a sa1e !e 'o( $as a(tas0 e8tre*a!a*e$te ! se'ta!as0
es'ar+a!as a */. es'ar+a!as0 ( to(og-a !e are$ s'as0 (/t tas . 'o$g(o*era!os0 )egeta' 3$ ,os7/e !e$so !e'-!/o a 8ero*3r& 'o5 Co!inas Medias OC.MP5 So$ 'o( $as *e! as0 e8tre*a!a*e$te ! se'ta!as0 es'ar+a!as a $'( $a!as0 *ater a( !e are$ s'as . 'o$g(o*era!os0 )egeta' 3$ ,os7/e !e$so !e'-!/o +or se7/-a0 ,os7/e ra(o 8ero*3r& 'o5 Co!inas ,a0as OC.,P. Co( $as ,a1as &/erte a e8tre*a!a*e$te ! se'ta!as0 es'ar+a!as a $'( $a!as0 *ater a( !e are$ s'as . 'o$g(o*era!os0 )egeta' 3$ ,os7/e !e$so !e'-!/o +or se7/-a0 ,os7/e ra(o 8ero*3r& 'o5 %iede8onte O%P. O'/+a$ (as +artes ,a1as0 $*e! ata*e$te !es+/6s !e (as 'o( $as5 L!anu2a de %iede8onte OL.%P Es /$ s/,+a sa1e ( gera*e$te $'( $a!o a 'as +(a$o0 ! se'' 3$ $/(a0 *ater a( '/ater$ar o 'o(/) o a(/) a(0 !es!e + e!ras 4asta *ater a( & $o0 )egeta' 3$ ,os7/e ra(o 8ero*3r& 'o . *atorra( 8oro*3r& 'o es+ $oso5 L!anu2a A!u1ia! OLP5 Pa sa1e &or*a!o +or e( r-o C/e)o . s/s a&(/e$tesP L!anu2a A!u1ia! OL.AP S/,+a sa1e !e +e$! e$tes +(a$as a 'as +(a$as0 ! se'' 3$ $/(a0 *ater a( !e or ge$ a(/) a(0 )egeta' 3$ $at/ra( *atorra( 8ero*3r& 'o0 ,os7/e ra(o 8ero*3r& 'o0 e$ este s/,+a sa1e se 'o$'e$tra (a a't ) !a! agr-'o(a5
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GRAFICO 9.-
MA%A UNIDADES DE TERRENO
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La !es'r +' 3$ !e (as /$ !a!es !e terre$o . (as s/+er& ' es se !eta((a$ a 'o$t $/a' 3$P Unid. de te22eno Ca C, C* LA LP Sa S, S* Desc2i3cin Co( $a A(ta Co( $a <a1a Co( $a Me! a L(a$/ra A(/) a( L(a$/ra !e P e !e Mo$te Serra$-a A(ta Serra$-a <a1a Serra$-a Me! a TOTAL A2ea OX8+P GD0C@ =C@0IG =C=0F@ ?@0G@ I?0DI @SG0I= @@>0CI ?=0>S =F=C0S@ M G0CS =G0>? =G0D= ?0=> I0?@ @S0=> @@0SD ?0=@ =FF
'.'5 Sue!os Las /$ !a!es . &or*a' o$es !e (os s/e(os0 se 4a((a$ estre'4a*e$te re(a' o$a!os a (a & s ogra&-a . s/ ( to(og-a0 !o$!e (os &a'tores !e &or*a' 3$ +art ' +a$ !e ! &ere$tes *a$eras5 Las /$ !a!es !e s/e(os e$ %rea +roteg !a se +rese$ta$ 'o*o Co$so' a' o$es . Aso' a' o$es0 7/e se !es'r ,e$ as-P Consociacin Le3toso!es con inc!usin de Re6oso!es* Ca8/iso!es Estos s/e(os se +rese$ta$ e$ (as serra$-as . 'o( $as !e +e$! e$tes es'ar+a!as a */. es'ar+a!as0 'o$ +rese$' a !e a&(ora* e$tos ro'osos . + e!ras e$ (a s/+er& ' eA , e$ a *o!era!a*e$te !re$a!os0 es'/rr * e$to s/+er& ' a( r%+ !oA so$ s/+er& ' a(es a */. +o'o +ro&/$!os . e8'e+' o$a(*e$te *o!era!a*e$te +ro&/$!osA !6, (*e$te estr/'t/ra!osA te8t/ras &ra$'o are$osas0 &ra$'as0 &ra$'o ar' ((o are$osas0 &ra$'o ar' ((osas 'o$ +rese$' a !e gra)as . + e!ras5 La &ert ( !a! $at/ra( es *o!era!a a ,a1a5 Los +er& (es !o* $a$tes so$ AM R0 AMCMR 'o$ ro'a !e,a1o !e( s/e(o !e(ga!o . (as $'(/s o$es so$ AMC . AM<EMC0 AM<EM R5 Los gr/+os +r $' +a(es so$ Le+toso(es (-t 'os0 Le+toso(es eKtr 'os0 Regoso(es eKtr 'os0 Ca*, so(es eKtr 'os5 Asociacin Le3toso!es* Re6oso!es* Ca8/iso!es S/e(os 7/e se e$'/e$tra$ e$ (as 'o( $as !e +e$! e$tes $'( $a!as0 'o$ +o'a +rese$' a !e a&(ora* e$tos ro'osos . +o'as + e!ras e$ (a s/+er& ' eA , e$ a *o!era!o !re$a1e0 es'/rr * e$to s/+er& ' a( r%+ !oA +o'o +ro&/$!os0 *o!era!a*e$te +ro&/$!os . +ro&/$!osA
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!6, ( a *o!era!a*e$te estr/'t/ra!osA te8t/ras &ra$'o are$osas a &ra$'o ar' ((o are$osas . &ra$'o ar' ((osas5 Fert ( !a! $at/ra( *o!era!a a ,a1a5 Los 4or 2o$tes +rese$tes e$ (os s/e(os so$ AMCMR0 AM<EMC0 AM<EMR5 Los gr/+os !e s/e(os so$ Le+toso(es eKtr 'os0 Regoso(es eKtr 'os0 Ca*, so(es eKtr 'os5 Asociacin Re6oso!es* Ca8/iso!es* LiAiso!es S/e(os +rese$tes e$ +e$! e$tes ( gera*e$te $'( $a!as a 'as +(a$as !e (a ((a$/ra !e + e!e*o$te . +arte !e (a ((a$/ra a(/) a(A *o!era!a a *+er&e'ta*e$te !re$a!os0 es'/rr * e$to s/+er& ' a( *o!era!a*e$te r%+ !a a (e$taA *o!era!a*e$te +ro&/$!os a +ro&/$!os0 e$ a(g/$os 'asos 'o$ + e!ras . gra)as e$ (a s/+er& ' e . e$ e( +er& (A estr/'t/ra !6, ( a *o!era!a e$ ,(o7/es s/,a$g/(aresA te8t/ras &ra$'o are$osas0 &ra$'as0 &ra$'o ar' ((o are$osas0 &ra$'o ar' ((osas5 Fert ( !a! $at/ra( *o!era!a0 'o$ 'a$t !a!es a!e'/a!as !e *ater a org%$ 'a0 &3s&oro . +otas o5 Los +er& (es so$ AMC0 AM<EMC0 AM<tMC5 Los gr/+os !e s/e(os so$ Regoso(es eKtr 'os0 Ca*, so(es eKtr 'os0 L 8 so(es eKtr 'os5 Asociacin Re6oso!es* Ca8/iso!es* A2enoso!es S/e(os 7/e se /, 'a$ e$ (a ((a$/ra a(/) a( !e( r-o C/e)o0 +e$! e$te ( gera*e$te $'( $a!as0 o$!/(a!as . 'as +(a$as a +(a$asA *o!era!a*e$te !re$a!os a e8'es )a*e$te !re$a!os0 es'/rr * e$to s/+er& ' a( (e$to a */. (e$toA *o!era!a*e$te +ro&/$!os . +ro&/$!osA s $ estr/'t/ra a *o!era!a*e$te estr/'t/ra!osA te8t/ras are$osas0 are$osa &ra$'as0 &ra$'o are$osas a &ra$'o ar' ((o are$osas . &ra$'o ar' ((osas5 Fert ( !a! $at/ra( *o!era!a a ,a1a5 Los 4or 2o$tes +rese$tes e$ (os s/e(os so$ AMC0 AM<EMC5 Los gr/+os !e s/e(os so$ Regoso(es eKtr 'os0 Ca*, so(es eKtr 'os0 Are$oso(es eKtr 'os5 Se 'ara'ter 2a$ +or estar 'o$te*+(a!os e$ (os + e !e *o$tes0 terra2as a(/) a(es re' e$tes !e( S/,a$! $o . ((a$/ra '4a7/eLaP T g/ +a Esta' 3$ T g/ +a P/e,(o0 Ca*at $! 0 Ma'4aret . T *,o.' to5 Las r 7/e2as e!a&o(3g 'as !e( s/e(o . s/, s/e(o !e (a reg 3$ so$ ( * ta!as0 !o$!e se e) !e$' a +rese$' a !e %reas ( * ta!as +ara (a e8+(ota' 3$ !e + e!ra 'a( 2a e$ (a 2o$a !e T g/ +a P/e,(o0 ta*, e$ (a e8+(ota' 3$ !e %r !os +ara (a 'o$str/'' 3$ !e ) ) e$!as es
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( * ta!a0 .a 7/e *a.or*e$te se /t ( 2a 'asa !e a!o,es5 Las 'ara'ter-st 'as !e (os s/e(os !e 'a!a 'o*/$ !a! $)o(/'ra!a e$ e( est/! o segK$ e( est/! o !e (a Pre&e't/ra !e( De+arta*e$to !e C4/7/ sa'a se */estra$ e$ e( s g/ e$te '/a!roP
CUADRO N& 24.TI%O DE SUELOS SEGKN COMUNIDAD
Sue!os S/e(os !e terra2a a(/) a( . + e !e *o$teP C(ase IIs'A IBs'5 S/e(os I3ati de I1o !e ((a$/rasP C(ase III s'A IIs. '5 )a34 S/e(os !e 'o( $a ,a1aP C(ase B ese5 S/e(os !e terra2a a(/) a( . + e !e *o$teP C(ase IIs'A IBs'5 S/e(os I1o !e ((a$/rasP C(ase III s'A IIs'5 Tanca2oin;a Estacin S/e(os !e ((a$/raP C(ase IIIs'A IIs'A IIIes'5 S/e(os !e ((a$/ras a(/) a(es . +-e !e *o$teP C(ase IIIs'A IIIes'5 Tanca2oin;a Facienda S/e(os !e 'o( $asP C(ase BIIIes'5 )uRui Cai3i3endi S/e(os !e 'o( $as ,a1asP C(ase BI es'5 S/e(os !e + e !e *o$teP C(ase IBes'5 S/e(os !e serra$-aP C(ase Ca8atindi BIIIes'A BIIes'5 S/e(os !e + e !e *o$teP C(ase IBes'5 S/e(os !e serra$-aP C(ase Ti6ui3a %ue/!o BIIIes'A BIIes' S/e(os !e + e !e *o$teP C(ase IIIes'5 S/e(os !e serra$-aP C(ase Tenta8i BIIIes'A BIIes' S/e(os !e terra2a a(/) a( s/,re' e$teP C(ase IBs'5 S/e(os !e MacNa2et4 %ue/!o serra$-aP C(ase BIIIes'A BIIes'5 S/e(os !e terra2a a(/) a( s/,re' e$teP C(ase IBs'5 S/e(os !e Ti8/o cito serra$-aP C(ase BIIIes'A BIIes'5 S/e(os !e terra2a a(/) a( s/,re' e$teP C(ase IBs'5 S/e(os !e Tat4 serra$-aP C(ase BIIIes'A BIIes'5 F/e$teP PDM O Ma'4aret @FFC O @F== C!ase I a! I-B C!ase - a! -IIB C!ase -IIIB C(as & 'a!as a+ta +ara /so agr-'o(a C(as & 'a!as a+ta +ara +astores0 $o a+to +ara agr '/(t/ra C(as & 'a!a so(o +ara +reser)a' 3$ !e ) !a s ()estre0 'o,ert/ra $at/ra( Re'rea' 3$5 '.': 9onas 62ados de e2osin
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La eros 3$ +or e&e'to !e (a a'' 3$ !e (as 'orr e$tes !e ag/a0 est%$ so'a)a$!o . &or*a$!o '%r'a)as e$ (/gares0 7/e est/) ero$ '/, ertos +or )egeta' 3$0 'o*+(e*e$ta$ esta a'' 3$ (os &/ertes ) e$tos . (a $so(a' 3$0 7/e est%$ !e1a$!o gra$!es s/+er& ' es eros o$a!as0 so,re to!o e$ (a 2o$a !e (a ((a$/ra '4a7/eLa . %reas '4a7/ea!as e$ re( e)es a( + e !e *o$te5 Otro &a'tor 7/e +o$e e$ r esgo (a esta, ( !a! !e (os s/e(os . (a )egeta' 3$ es (a so,re'arga a$ *a(0 7/e $o +er* te (a rege$era' 3$ $at/ra( !e (as es+e' es $at )as &orra1eras e8 ste$tes0 esta s t/a' 3$ se ) s/a( 2o 'o$ *a.or $' !e$' a e$ e( se'tor !e I)o . 'o*/$ !a!es a!.a'e$tes5 '.'= Fid2o!o64a La reg 3$ t e$e es'ase2 !e re'/rsos 4-!r 'os e$ (a '/a( e8 ste$ +e7/eLos '/rsos s/+er& ' a(es !e ag/a +er*a$e$te 7/e se or g $a$ e$ (a Serra$-a !e( Ag/aragYe . 7/e +erte$e'e a /$a 2o$a !e a'/-&eros e$ ro'a 'o$so( !a! !e ,a1o re$! * e$to0 'o$ +e7/eLos '/er+os (o'a(es !e 'a/!a(es *%s o *e$os s g$ & 'at )os 7/e re'orre$ !e este a oeste 4a' a (as 2o$as ,a1as0 ter$ *a$!o +or $s/* rse e$ (a ((a$/ra !e, !o a (a te8t/ra are$osa !e (os se! *e$tos a(/) a(es !e (as '/e$'as5 Otra &/e$te !e re'/rsos 4-!r 'os so$ (as ag/as s/,terr%$eas !e (a ((a$/ra0 7/e so$ +ro!/'to !e (a $& (tra' 3$ ! re'ta !e ag/a !e ((/) a 7/e 'ae e$ se! *e$tos +er*ea,(es . +or (a +er'o(a' 3$ !e (os r-os 7/e !es' e$!e$ !es!e e( s/, a$! $o a (a ((a$/ra '4a7/eLa0 (os $ )e(es &re%t 'os a (os 7/e a( *e$ta$ esta ag/a se e$'/e$tra$ a */'4a +ro&/$! !a!A s/ e8+(ota' 3$ s3(o es +os ,(e *e! a$te (a +er&ora' 3$ !e +o2os 'o*o e$ (as 'o*/$ !a!es !e I+at !e I)o e I)o . s/s 'a/!a(es )ar-a$ !e F5G a G (tJ seg5 E$ e( %rea a!.a'e$te a (a 'osta0 +or (a &a' ( !a! !e rete$er ag/a !e +re' + ta' o$es +(/) a(es 7/e se es'/rre$ !e (a 'or! ((era !/ra$te a( esta' 3$ !e ((/) a se 4a$ &or*a!o !e &or*a $at/ra( 9+e7/eLas (ag/$as:5 E$ (as %reas *%s %r !as . a(e1a!as !e (a 'or! ((era0 se 4a$ 'o$str/ !o +e7/eLas (ag/$as art & ' a(es !e$o* $a!as 9ata1a!os: !o$!e se a'/*/(a ag/a !/ra$te (a esta' 3$ !e ((/) as (! ' e*,re a *ar2o)A estos !os t +os !e !e+3s tos so$ (a &/e$te +r $' +a( !e 'o$s/*o a$ *a( . 4/*a$o !e ag/a e$ (a reg 3$5
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La 'a( !a! !e (as ag/as !e (os r-os . +o2os es ,/e$a0 $o e8 ste 'o$ta* $a' 3$ +or agro7/-* 'os0 +or ag/as ser) !as o restos !e +etr3(eo0 estas ag/as so$ a+tas +ara 'o$s/*o 4/*a$o0 a$ *a( . /so agr-'o(a5 Por (a +rese$' a !e * 'roorga$ s*os 7/e +/e!e$ 'a/sar e$&er*e!a!es gastro $test $a(es estas !e,er-a$ ser /t ( 2a!as +re) a 'o'' 3$0 s es 7/e so$ /t ( 2a!as +ara e( 'o$s/*o 4/*a$o5 Los r-os !e (a se'' 3$ +erte$e'e$ a (a '/e$'a !e( R-o !e La P(ata . s/,'/e$'a !e( R-o P ('o*a.o5
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CUADRO N& 26.Co8unidad Ya+ I+at !e I)o I)o Qa$'aro $2a Na' e$!a Qa$'aro $2a Esta' 3$ Ca*at $! T g/ +a P/e,(o Tat T *,o.' to Y/7/ Ca + +e$! MacNa2eti %ue/!o CUENCAS* SU,CUENCAS ) RIOS %OR COMUNIDAD Cuenca Su/cuenca Rios Cai3i3endi MacNa2eti Ti6ui3a Ca8atindi
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ar' ((osa . s/s &/ertes +e$! e$tes (a 4a'e$ a(ta*e$te $esta,(e . se$' ,(e a '/a(7/ er a't ) !a! a$tr3+ 'a55 E$ (a Serra$-a !e( Aga/ragYe0 se e$'/e$tra$ ro'as +erte$e' e$tes a (a era Pa(eo2o 'a0 +r $' +a(*e$te ro'as !e( !e)o$ 'o0 'ar,o$-&ero +er$ 'o . ter'ear o %Bibliograf!a& )iagnstico socio ambiental #arque +al$ 2 3rea +atural de mane4o integrado Aguarag5e0 De a'/er!o a !atos o,te$ !os ZONISIG0 (a +ro) $' a & s ogr%& 'a !e( S/,a$! $o0 !o$!e se (o'a( 2a e( %rea est/! a!a0 +or s/s 'ara'ter-st 'as !e re( e)e0 se 4a((a 'o$st t/ !a +or /$ 'o$1/$to !e +a sa1es 'o*o0 serra$-as (7/e so,re +asa$ (os =?FF *JsJ$J* 'o*o (a serra$-a C4a,/'o e$ Ya+ )0 'o( $as0 + e !e *o$tes0 terra2as a(/) a(es . ((a$/ra '4a7/eLa (7/e ! s* $/.e 4asta (os ISF *JsJ$J* 4a'/ a e( s/r 'o$ (a &ro$tera !e( Parag/a.) E( %rea +roteg !a +erte$e'e a (a Pro) $' a F s ogr%& 'a S/,a$! $a0 so$ ro'as se! *e$tar as +a(eo2o 'as !e( !e)3$ 'o0 es+e' a(*e$te 'ar,o$-&eras0 'o$ +rese$' a !e tr %s 'as . ter' ar as0 a estas se so,re+o$e$ (os se! *e$tos '/ater$ar osA 7/e se !es'r ,e$ 'o*o s g/eP De1nicoB Es (a &or*a' 3$ *%s a$t g/a !e (a serra$-a !e( Ag/arag/e5 E( *ater a( se 'o*+o$e !e /$a se'/e$' a !e are$ s'as . (/t tas5 Ca2/on4fe2oB So$ &a1as (o$g t/! $a(es a( De)3$ 'o e$ (a serra$-a !e Ag/arag/e0 e$ &or*a !e a&(ora* e$tos5 L to(og 'a*e$te est% 'o$&or*a!o +or (/t tas . ( *o$ tas !e ! &ere$tes to$a( !a!es . are$ s'as , e$ estrat & 'a!as T2i?sicoB Se o,ser)a$ a&(ora* e$tos !e estas &or*a' o$es0 'o$ /$a ( to(og-a +re!o* $a$te !e are$ s'as . (/t tas Te2cia2ioB Co*+re$!e e( %rea !e tra$s ' 3$ !e( S/,a$! $o a (a L(a$/ra C4a'oM<e$ a$a5 So$ (as 'o( $as !e tra$s ' 3$0 7/e ( to(og 'a*e$te so$ ro'as !e are$ s'as0 (e$tes !e 'o$g(o*era!os . ar' (( tas5
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Cuate2na2ioB Esta 'o$&or*a!o +or *ater a(es s/e(tos0 7/e se so,re+o$e$ a (as ro'as *%s a$t g/as5 E( !e+3s to '/ater$ar o0 se e$'/e$tra e$ e( )a((e 'o$&or*a!o +or e( r-o C/e)o0 !e or ge$ a(/) a(5 L to(og 'a*e$te 'o$&or*a!o +or gra)as0 are$as0 ( *os . ar' ((as !e ! &ere$te gra!o !e se(e'' 3$5
'.'@ %aisa0e* Tu2is8o %at2i8onios Cu!tu2a!es E( +a sa1e e$ ge$era( !e (a serra$-a $o +rese$ta a(tera'' 3$ s g$ & 'at 'a0 .a 7/e aK$ +osee e( >D5CZ !e *o$te ) rge$ (Bolfor 67770, te$ e$!o 'o*os es+a' os +/$t/a(es !e a&e'ta' 3$ (as %reas !e ase$ta* e$tos 4/*a$os !o$!e se rea( 2aro$ !es*o$tes +ara (a a't ) !a! agro+e'/ar a . (a 'o$str/'' 3$ !e (a 'arretera $ter$a' o$a( 7/e /$e <o( ) a 'o$ Arge$t $a !es!e Sa$ta Cr/2 4a' a Ya'/ ,a5 Las %reas !e (a serra$-a +rese$ta$ +a sa1es +ro+ os 'o$ a(g/$as )ert e$tes . '/e)as $at/ra(es 7/e so$ ) s ta!as +or (os (/gareLos e$ 'a* $atas . es+a' os !e re'rea' 3$ t/r st 'a +ro+ as !e (a 2o$a0 !o$!e aK$ se +/e!e +a(+ar (a r 7/e2a $at/ra( 7/e +esee este e'os ste*a5 La +o,(a' 3$ !e Ma'4aret e I)o0 'o$ser)a +atr *o$ os '/(t/ra(es 4 st3r 'os !es!e (a 6+o'a !e (a 'o(o$ 2a' 3$ '/a$!o $gresaro$ (os re( g osos . 'o$str/.ero$ Ig(es as 7/e e$ (a a't/a( !a! so$ re( 7/ as re( g osa +ara e( se'tor !e( '4a'o5 Des+/es !e 7/e se +ro!/1o (a *asa're !e H/r/./R 0 (os g/ara$-es e$ /$ ,/s'a !e sa()ag/ar!ar (a ) !a e !e$t !a! !e (a ra2a0 es'a+aro$ 4a' a (as serra$-as !e( se'tor !e Ya+ 0 !o$!e se 4a$ e$'o$tra!o '/e)as 'o$ t estos o '%$taros !e 'e$ 2as . se* ((as !e 2a+a((o g/ar!a!as +ara re $ ' ar s/ 'a!e$a a( *e$t ' a !e s/,s ste$' a5 E$ (a 6+o'a !e (a g/erra !e( '4a'o0 '/a$!o e( e1er' to +arag/a.o se e$'o$tra,a $gresa$!o a( se'tor !e I)o0 (os ) ) e$tes 7/e aK$ se e$'o$tra,a$ e$ (a reg 3$ (*/1eres0 a$' a$os . $ Los)0 e*+re$! ero$ (a ret ra!a 4a' a (as serra$-as atra)e2 !e( 'erro C4a,/'o !es!e !o$!e ! ) sa,a$ (a /, 'a' 3$ !e( e$e* go !/ra$tes (as $o'4es atra)e2 !e (as &ogatas e$'e$! !as0
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se$!a 7/e 4o. e$ (a a't/a( !a! s g/e s e$!o /t ( 2a!a +ara e( !es+(a2a* e$to !e +erso$as 4a' as +ro+ e!a!es 7/e se e$'/e$tra$ e$ (a reg 3$5 + +.' UTILI9ACION DE RECURSOS NATURALES F!o2a 1e6etacinB
Los 'o*/$ar os0 a( 'o$o'er (a e!a! *%8 *a a+ro8 *a!a . e( ! %*etro *%8 *o !e (as ! &ere$tes )ar e!a!es !e %r,o(es *a!era,(es0 e((os 4a'e$ /so '/a$!o estos .a est%$ e$ s/ '(-*a8 o eta+a a!e'/a!a +ara s/ e8+(ota' 3$0 $o rea( 2a$!o ta(as $! s'r * $a!as +ara s/s ,e$e& ' os +erso$a(es5 E8 ste$ )ar e!a!es 7/e so$ /t ( 2a!as +ara (a 'o$str/'' 3$ !e */e,(es rKst 'os !o$!e (os %r,o(es so$ /t ( 2a!os 'o$ ra(eos o +o!as 'o$tro(a!as !e ra*as 'o$ grosores a!e'/a!as +ara (os tra,a1os0 +ero ta*, 6$ '/a$!o )a$ a rea( 2ar e( 'orte !e( %r,o( +ara (a & $a( !a! !e s/s tra,a1os0 trata$ !e es'oger a7/e((os *a!/ros . 7/e .a 4a.a$ '/*+( !o (a ) !a Kt ( !e ! s+ers 3$ !e se* ((as e$ e( %rea5 E( ra*o$eo es rea( 2a!o s $ 'o$tro( a(g/$o 'er'a !e (os ase$ta* e$tos 4/*a$os . (a a&e'ta' 3$ !e( *e! o )egeta( es a'e$t/a!o0 este *+a'to es +/$t/a( +ero +er*a$e$te5 E8 ste$ a(g/$as $st t/' o$es ($o re'or!a,a$ e( $o*,re) 7/e est%$ rea( 2a$!o est/! os so,re es+e' es *e! ' $a(es0 .a se (e)a$t3 /$ 'e$so 'o*+(eto e$ (as 'o*/$ !a!es !e T g/ +a P/e,(o . Ya+ 0 se es+era 7/e se rea( 'e a(gK$ t +o !e est/! o !e re'o(e'' 3$ 'o$tro(a!a e$ (as 2o$as 'o$ +ote$' a(es +ara (a *e! ' $a $at/ra(5 +.+ FaunaB
E$ (a a't/a( !a! (a 'a2a +ara (a s/,s ste$' a es +ro+ a !e (os (/gareLos . $o se (a rea( 2a e$ &or*a 'o$sta$te0 e((os s e*+re ((e)a$ s/s ar*as . 'a2a$ '/a$!o (as e$'/e$tra$0 $o ases /$a a't ) !a! !e to!os (os !-as . +r $' +a(0 es o'as o$a( '/a$!o se e$'/e$tra$ 'o$ a$ *a(es a+tos +ara e( 'o$s/*o 4/*a$o . $o res+eta$ e( se8o !e estos0 sea$ *a*-&eros o a)es5 E( atra+ar a$ *a(es +ara (a )e$ta 'o*o *as'otas es */. o'as o$a(5
63
Las +erso$as es'/'4a$ . o,ser)a$ a (os ! st $tos a$ *a(es !e (a reg 3$ .a 7/e e((os so$ +orta)o'es !e 'a*, os '( *%t 'os !e $ ' os . & $a( 2a' o$es !e esta' o$es5 +.5 A6uaB
E$ (as 'o*/$ !a!es !e T g/ +a P/e,(o0 Tat 0 Ma'4aret-0 !o$!e e8 ste$ ! s+o$ , ( !a! !e ag/a e$ (os 'a/ses $at/ra(es0 e8 ste$ +e7/eLos 4/ertos !e 4orta( 2as . &r/ta(es0 e((os /t ( 2a$ e$ &or*a rKst 'a s ste*as !e r egos +ara ta( & $a( !a!5 Otros se'tores /t ( 2a$ +o2os +er&ora!os (ag/as s/,terr%$eas) +ara e( a+ro) s o$a* e$to !e ! '4o e(e*e$to5 Para ag/as !e 'o$s/*o0 se 'o$str/.ero$ to*as !e ag/as e$ (as serra$-as . 'o$str/.e$!o s ste*as !e ag/a +ota,(es +or gra)e!a!0 (a +o(-t 'a !e( */$ ' + o +ara (a 'o$str/'' 3$ !e s ste*as !e ag/a est% ! re'' o$a!a a (a 'a$t !a! !e &a* ( a 7/e (a /t ( 2ara$ 'o$ /$ *-$ *o !e IF &a* ( as +or $K'(eo +ara (a 'o$str/'' 3$0 !e1a$!o a(g/$as 'o*/$ !a!es 'o*o ser Ya+ s ! '4o ser) ' o5 Se 4a rea( 2a!o (a 'o$str/'' 3$ !e ata1a!os +ara +o!er a+ro)e'4ar e( ag/a !e ((/) a0 esta ag/a so$ a+ro)e'4a!as $! st $ta*e$te +or e( 4o*,re 'o*o +or e( ga$a!o . */'4as )e'es se ter* $a$ o se se'a$ a$tes !e $ ' arse $/e)a*e$te (a 6+o'a !e ((/) a5 +.: &2ido 8ine2a!esB
La /t ( 2a' 3$ !e %r !os es e$ *e$or es'a(a +ara (a 'o$str/'' 3$ !e ) ) e$!as !e (a 2o$a0 (as %reas a&e'ta!as so$ resta/ra!as e$ &or*a $at/ra( a( $ ' arse (as 6+o'as !e ((/) as .a 7/e estas se e$'/e$tra$ e$ (os 'a/ses $at/ra(es !e ag/as5 Para (a 'o$str/'' 3$ !e ) ) e$!as !e a!o,es0 se +osee$ +e7/eLas %reas !o$!e se e8trae t erra +ara (a 'o$str/'' 3$ !e a!o,es 7/e so$ /t ( 2a!as 'o*o reser)or os !e ag/a !e 'orta !/ra' 3$ !e a'o+ o +ara a$ *a(es !o*6st 'os5 E8 ste$ )est g os !e &or*a' o$es !e + e!ra +ara (a tra$s&or*a' 3$ !e .eso . 'a( e$ (a serra$-a +or e( se'tor !e T g/ +a P/e,(o 7/e $o es e8+(ota!a5
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La *a.or a*e$a2a 7/e +/e!e ((egar a re+er'/t r e$ (a tra$s&or*a' 3$ !e( *e! o $at/ra( !e (a Serra$-a !e( Ag/aragYe estar-a !a!a +or e( a)asa((a* e$to +er*a*e$te !e %reas +or (as s g/ e$tes ' r'/$sta$' asP
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A( ser /$a a't ) !a! 7/e es e1er' ta!a +or (a *a.or-a !e (os ) ) e$tes !e (a 2o$a (+ro+ e!a!es +r )a!as . TCO)0 ta$to e$ (a 'r a$2a !e ga$a!o )a'/$o . 'a+r $o0 $o +osee$ 'o$o' * e$to $ e8 ste$ +rogra*as !e *a$e1o !e *o$te res+e'to a (a 'arga a$ *a(0 esto !ese$'a!e$a e$ +r%'t 'as !e !es*o$te a *e$or es'a(a +ero +er*a$e$te aLo tras aLo !e %reas ) rge$es +ara (a 'o$str/'' 3$ !e +otreros . %reas !e ra*o$eo s $ rota' 3$ !e 2o$as !e, !o a (a !e& ' e$' a 4-!r 'a !e (a reg 3$0 +ro!/' e$!o !e esta *a$era re!/'' 3$ !e *ater a( , oge$6t 'o +ara (a re'/+era' 3$ $at/ra( !e( *o$te . 'rea$!o 'o$! ' o$es +ara 7/e se +ro!/2'a eros 3$ 4-!r 'a . e(e3t 'a5 D re'ta*e$te0 (a &a/$a s ()estre es !es+(a2a!a 4a' a otras reg o$es !o$!e (a 'o*+ete$' a !e a( e*e$ta' 3$ . ag/a es *e$or5
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E$ (a a't/a( !a!0 segK$ 'o*e$ta$ (os e$'arga!os 'o*/$a(es0 (a e8tra'' 3$ !e *a!era se (a rea( 2a +ara e( /so !e (as 'o$str/'' o$es +art '/(ares !e (os ) ) e$tes !e (a 2o$a0 e8 ste$ reg(a*e$ta' o$es $a' o$a(es +ara e( a+ro)e'4a* e$to !e es+e' es &oresta(es0 +ero so$ $'/*+( !as 'o$sta$te*e$tge0 +ese a 7/e (as TCOs $o +er* te$ (a $ter)e$' 3$ e$ s/s %reas !e aserras!eros0 +ero estos rea( 2a$ 'orte !e *a!era !e *a$era +art '/(ar 7/e so$ 'o*er' a( 2a!as e$ (as 'ar+ $ter as (o'a(es +ara (a e(a,ora' 3$ !e */e,(es . 7/e so$ ! str ,/ !os e$ &or*a +er*a$e$te . a +e7/eLa es'a(a a (os 'e$tro +o,(a' o$a(es !e B ((a Mo$tes . Ca* r 5 Ta*, e$ e8 ste (a /t ( 2a' 3$ !e *a!era +ara (a e(a,ora' 3$ !e */e,(es artesa$a(es0 e$ a(g/$os 'asos se rea( 2a /$ *a$e1o soste$ ,(e atra)es !e +o!a +ara s/ /t ( 2a' 3$ . e$ otros 'asos e( 'orte tota( !e %r,o(es 'o*o ser !e( L/'4a$ . C4/'4o !e .eg/a +ara (a &a,r 'a' 3$ !e ,ateas . '/'4aro$es5 E$ (a 'o$str/'' 3$ !e 'orra(es !e +a(os e$tre'r/2a!os0 (a *a!era es /t ( 2a!a !e( %rea !es*o$ta!a0 (a * s*a 7/e !/ra a+ro8 *a!a*e$te /$os I aLos . es $e'esar o rea( 2ar (a ta(a !e $/e)os )egeta(es +ara (a re+ara' 3$ !e (os * s*os5 La e8tra'' 3$ !e *a!eras e$ (a ((a$/ra . e$ (as $*e! a' o$es !e (os ase$ta* e$tos 4/*a$os es *%s a'e$t/a!a +or (a 'o*er' a( 2a' 3$ a *e$or es'a(a 4a' a (os 'e$tros !e 'ar+ $ter-as (o'a(es5
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E( %rea !e a*ort 2a' 3$ 7/e 'o*+re$!e (os ,os7/es !e (a ((a$/ara '4a7/eLa0 +rese$ta )est g os !e (a 6+o'a !e( ,oo* !e (os aserra!eros0 !o$!e (a ta(a $! s'r * $a!a !e %r,o(es &/e !e *a.or *ag$ t/!0 e$ (a a't/a( !a! se o,ser)a 7/e (a )egeta' 3$ se est% re'/+era$!o gra' as a (as $/e)as reg(a*e$ta' o$es $a' o$a(es . (a 'o$sta' a !e (a+reser)a' 3$ !e(*o$te +or +arte !e (as TCO . */$ ' + osA (a es'a'6s !e &a/$a s ()estre e$ esta &ra$1a se !e,e a (a +rese$' a !e( tr%$s to +er*a$e$te !e *otor 2a!os0 e8'eso !e r/ !os (a 'arretera $ter$a' o$a( 7/e /$e a <o( ) a . Arge$t $a0 . (a 'a2a $'o$tro(a!a e$ estos se'tores !o$!e (os ase$ta* e$tos 4/*a$os so$ *a.ores 7/e e( (a 2o$a !e tra$s ' 3$5 5.: Cace24a
Esta a't ) !a! se rea( 2a 'o$ & $es !e s/,s ste$' a0 !o$!e (os +o,(a!ores 'a2a$ a$ *a(es s ()estres e$ &or*a $o se(e't )a (4e*,ras0 *a'4o . +e7/eLos $! s'r * $a!a*e$te) !/ra$te '/a(7/ er 6+o'a !e( aLo 'o$ ar*as !e &/ego . a'o*+aLa!os !e +erros0 (os *as &re'/e$tes so$ (as 'or2/e(as0 g/a$as0 +a(o*as +a)as0 '4aratas0 so'or s . '4a$'4o !e( *o$te5 La )e$ta !e a$ *a(es 'o*o *as'ota es +er*a$e$te e$ (as 'o*/$ !a!es0 !o$!e (os ) ) e$tes $o as/*e$ 7/e es /$a a&e'ta' 3$ !e *ag$ t/! .a 7/e (a rea( 2a$ e$ +e7/eLa es'a(a !/ra$te to!os (os aLos0 e$tre (os a$ *a(es 7/e se 'o*er' a( 2a$ te$e*os (as 'otorras0 (oros . a(g/$as )e'es t/'a$es0 +ara,as . *o$os5 E8 ste$ a$ *a(es */ertos e$'o$tra!os !/ra$te e( tra,a1o !e 'a*+o 7/e segK$ *e$' o$a e( g/ a e$ s/ *a.or a !e (as )e'es so$ 'a/sa!os +or (os +erros !e (a 2o$a5 La 'a2a !e( (e3$ o +/*a a*er 'a$o es +er*a$e$te +or 7/e estos so$ /$ +e( gro +ara (a e'o$o*-a !e (os +o,(a!ores .a 7/e 'a2a$ (os '4 )os e$ 'a$t !a!es *a.ores a (os 7/e 'o$s/*e$5 5.= E2osin
Las %reas eros o$a!as se e$'/e$tra$ e$ (as or ((as !e (os '4a'os agr-'o(as . !e +astoreo0!o$!e $o e8 ste /$a 'o,ert/ra )egeta( $at/ra( 'a+a2 !e &re$ar (as +e7/eLas
67
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E8 ste$ +o'os (/gares 7/e s r)e$ !e a+ro) s o$a* e$to !e *ater a(es +ara (a 'os$tr/'' 3$ !e ) ) e$!as0 (as '/e$'as !e (a 'o*/$ !a! !e Ya+ so$ (as 7/e +ro+or' o$a$ *ater a( +ara to!o e( se'tor 'o*o ser I+at !e I)o e I)o0 (a e8ta'' 3$ $o es s g$ & 'at )a +or (a *ag$ t/! !e 'o$str/'' o$es 7/e se rea( 2a$ e$ (a 2o$a . (a $at/ra(e2a * s*a se e$'arga !e resta/rar (os 'a/ses . +ro+or' o$ar *ater a +r *a !/ra$te (a %+o'a !e ((/) a5 I- COM%ONENTE ,IOTICO Se rea( 23 e$'/estas !e (as es+e' es &(or-st 'as e8 ste$tes e$ (as +o,(a' o$es !e T g/ +a P/e,(o . (a 'o*/$ !a! !e Ya+ 5 Poster or*e$te se +ro'e! 3 a rea( 2ar tra,a1o !e 'a*+o +ara e(a,orar /$ $)e$tar o !e !e$s !a!es !e (a )egeta' 3$ e$ (a 2o$a !e T g/ +a P/e,(o (a C R* !e(a +o,(a' 3$ 4a' a (a serra$\a . a G H*5 4a' a (a &ro$tera 'o$ e( Parag/a.)A . (a 'o*/$ !a! !e Ya+ (a D R* !e (a es'/e(a 'o*/$a( 4a' a (a serra$ a)0 a s/ )e2 se rea( 2a /$ $)e$tar o +or es+e' es e$ ,ase o,ser)a' 3$ 'o$ /$ g/-a a (o (argo !e( re'orr !o a$ter or*e$te *e$' o$a!o0 'a!a +/$to */estra!o es rea( 2a!o e$ !os 1or$a!as (a,ora(es . (as e$'/estas so$ rea( 2a!as e$ G 4oras 'a!a /$a +ara rea( 2ar(as * $/' osa*e$te5 Para ta( e&e'to e( t6'$ 'o a 'argo !e( (e)a$ta* e$to !e !atos se *o) ( 23 e$ /$a *oto' '(eta *ar'a No$!a !e @SF ''0 'o$ *ater a( !e e$'/estas . +ara (e)a$ta* e$to !e !atos +re+ara!os 'o$ a$t ' +a' 3$ a (a $ter)e$' 3$ !e 'a*+o5 Para 'o$sta$' a /, 'a' 3$ !e (os +/$tos !e */estreos se /t ( 23 /$ GPS0 +ara 'orro,orar (a ! )ers !a! !e , o&-s 'a se /t ( 23 /$a *a7/ $a ! g ta( *ar'a CANNON . /$a & (*a!ora *ar'a SONNY5
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De a'/er!o a (os !atos o,te$ !os (a 2o$a !e est/! o se 'arater 2a +or te$er /$a *+orta$te 'a$t !a! . )ar e!a! !e es+e' es e$ (a *a.or +arte , e$ 'o$ser)a!as o +o'o $ter)e$ !as 'o$ /$ >D0CZ !e *o$te $at/ra( $o !e&oresta!o e$ e( */$ ' + o !e Ma'4aret %#roy$ )e Mane4o forestal sostenible 8 B9 19R :67770; La e8 ste$' a !e )o(K*e$es !e +ro!/'tos *a!era,(es so$ )ar a,(es0 ge$era(*e$te !e ,a1o *o!era!o (MDSMA0 =>>S)5 ' FLORA
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O'/+a (as K(t *as estr ,a' o$es !e( s ste*a s/, a$! $o s/r0 e8 ste$ serra$-as0 +ro&/$!os )a((es . (a!eras */. +ro$/$' a!as 7/e s/,e$ 4asta (os =SFF *JsJ$J* e$ (as +r *eras serra$-as a$! $as5 SegK$ !atos '( *ato(3g 'os o,te$ !os e$ (as esta' o$es !e Ma'4aret- . E( Sa()a!or0 (a +re' + ta' 3$ *e! a a$/a( se e$'/e$tra e$tre (os CG? ** e$ e( %rea !e a*ort 2a' 3$ . !e D@S ** e$ e( + e !e *o$te o !e tra$s ' 3$5 E( *o$te es !e'-!/o . 'o$t e$e es+e' es !e (a ((a$/ra '4a7/eLa0 ta(es 'o*o e( 7/e,ra'4o ,(a$'o o 'a'4a (As$i) s$e!&a 3ueb!a". 4blan" 50 to,oro'4 6C. !isia insi,nis50 /r/$!e( o soto 6S".in $sis .aen7eana50 '4 '4a+- 6Celtis s$.50 a(garro,o 6P! s $is s$.5 . /$ soto ,os7/e !e )ar as es+e' es !e A'a' as !e +orte +e7/eLo . es+ $oso0 ta*, e$ se o,ser)a$ )ar os g6$eros !e (a &a* ( a Ca't%'eas . <ro*e( as 'o*o ser (as 'arag/atas5 La &or*a' 3$ '4a7/eLa0 'a*, a s/ 'o*+os ' 3$ &(or-st 'a . estr/'t/ra !e a'/er!o a (as 'o$! ' o$es '( *%t 'as . e!%& 'as0 esto se e8+( 'a +or (a +rese$' a !e (as 'a!e$as *o$taLosas a$te+/estas 7/e *+ !e 7/e ((eg/e (a 4/*e!a! o'a' o$a$!o (a &or*a' 3$ !e ,os7/es se'os5 E$ e( ,os7/e serra$o '4a7/eLo (as &a* ( as *%s *+orta$tes so$P Ca++ar !e'eae0 L/g/* $osae0 A$a'ar! 'eae0 A+o'.$a'eae0 R4a*$a'eae0 U(*a'eae0 Ce(estra'eae0 N.'tag $a'eae0 Ca'ta'eae0 Sa$ta(a'eae0 <o*,a'a'eae . Z.go+4.((a'eae (Be"7 et al 1889 2 EEIA E:$l !a"i#n s;s&i"a 9D B l3ue Be!&e< C.u!u&as5 5 La reg-o$ !e re( e)es es a+ta +ara (a ga$a!er-a 'o$tro(a!a0 e$tra$!o a (a reg 3$ !e +(a$ ' es (a 2o$a !e + e !e *o$te es a+ta +ara rea( 2ar a't ) !a!es agr-'o(as a$/a(es e$ 6+o'as !e +re' + ta' 3$ . ,a1o r egos e$ se'tores 'o$ +rese$' a !e 'a/ses 'o$ 'a/!a(es s g$ & 'at )os +ara (a a't ) !a!5 La *ag$ t/! !e (os ) e$tos es ,a1a5 '.'.+ ,osRue CNaRueVo de T2ansicin O'/+a$ (os *%rge$es !e( C4a'o ( * ta$!o 4a' a e( Norte . este 'o$ (os <os7/es C4 7/ ta$os . a( Oeste 'o$ (os ,os7/es !e( s/,a$! $o5
72
So$ ,os7/es *%s a(tos0 !e$sos . ! )ersos 7/e (os ,os7/es '4a7/eLos ge$/ $os o tra$s ' o$a(es5 Ge$era(*e$te so$ r 'os e$ ( a$as . e+-& tos0 'o$te$ e$!o /$a &(ora !e %r,o(es . ar,/stos '4a7/eLos a (os 7/e se /$e$ ! )ersos e(e*e$tos &(or-st 'os !e (os ,os7/es '4 7/ ta$os5 Es+e' es 'ara'ter-st 'as so$P soto (S".in $sis .aen7eana)0 )er!o(ago o +a(o ,(a$'o (Cal*" $.*llu& &ulti'l !u&)0 sot ((o (At.*ana =ein&anni' lia)0 '/ta (P.*ll st*l n !.a&n i)es)0 1 '4 t/r '4 (As$i) s$e!&a $*!i' liu&)0 ro,(e (A&bu!ana "ea!ensis)0 'e, ( o '/r/+aK (Ana)enant.e!a &a"! "a!$a50 es+ $ ((o (A"a"ia albi" !ti"ata)0 e$ (os $ )e(es *%s ,a1os . se'os5 Esta reg 3$ es a+ta ta$ so(o +ara (a ga$a!er-a 'o$ *a$e1o $tegra( !e *o$te0 $o re'o*e$!a,(e rea( 2ar '4a/7eos +ara (a *+(e*e$ta' 3$ !e +otreros +or e( ,a1o !6& ' s !e +re' + ta' 3$ +(/) a(5 Los ) e$tos so$ *o!era!os . e$ (as 6+o'as !e agosto . se+t e*,re +/e!e$ +re!/' r'e )e$tarro$es e$ ! re'' 3$ !e $orte a s/r0 +ro)o'a$!o !es+re$! * e$to !e (a 'a+as s/+er ores !e t erra e$ '4a'os a,a$!o$a!os o 'o$ ,a1a +rote'' 3$ !e 'o,ert/ra )egeta(5 E$ e( %rea !e( est/! o0 !e a'/er!o a( *a+a e'o(3g 'o !e ) !a0 se ! st $g/e$ !os 2o$as !e ) !a0 e( ,os7/e se'o te*+(a!o (,sMTE) . e( *o$te es+ $oso Te*+(a!o (*eMTE)5 Estas !os 2o$as !e ) !a se 'ara'ter 2a$ +or +rese$tar te*+erat/ras 'r-t 'a*e$te ,a1as0 !/ra$te ' ertas 6+o'as !e( aLo0 a!e*%s se +rese$ta$ ra$gos !e te*+erat/ras *e! as *e$s/a(es *a.ores . te*+erat/ras *%8 *as *e! as . e8tre*as esta' o$a(es0 *%s e(e)a!as 7/e e$ (as otras reg o$es5 De a'/er!o a( *a+a !e e'oreg o$es !e <o( ) a (E((e$,erg0 =>D=) e( %rea !e est/! o se e$'/e$tra e$ (as reg o$es !e <os7/e S/,4K*e!o <a1o . Mo$te Se* %r !o <a1o5 De a'/er!o a( *a+a Foresta( !e <o( ) a0 e( %rea !e est/! o est% /, 'a!a e$ (a Reg 3$ C4a7/eLa0 (a '/a( se 'ara'ter 2a +or &or*ar +arte !e( C4a'o <orea( . 'o$st t/.e /$ 'o*+(e1o !e ,os7/es ,a1os . *atorra(es es+ $osos0 sa,a$as se'as . t erras 4K*e!as5 E( ' ta!o est/! o $! 'a 7/e (os ,os7/es !e esta reg 3$ se 'ara'ter 2a$ +or +rese$tar
73
$/*erosas +(a$tas s/'/(e$tas e$ s/ *a.or-a es+ $osas0 e( !ose( es 'o$t $/o . ,a1o 'o$ es+e' es e*erge$tes a s(a!as0 '/.a 'o*+os ' 3$ &(or-st 'a . estr/'t/ra )ar-a segK$ (as 'o$! ' o$es e!%& 'as . to+ogr%& 'as0 +rese$ta$!o (a reg 3$ &a* ( as ,ot%$ 'as !e Ca++ara'eas0 N.'tag $a'eas0 A+o' $%'eas0 Z.go+4.((a'eae . Ca'ta'eas5 '.'.5 ,osRue Tucu8ano L /o!i1iano
La &ra$1a !e ,os7/e $/,(a!o 7/e se !esarro((a so,re (as 4K*e!as !e (os s ste*as *o$taLosos or e$ta(es . (os !e+arta*e$tos !e C4/7/ sa'a . Tar 1a0 e$ <o( ) aA . !e (as +ro) $' as !e Sa(ta0 _/1/. . T/'/*%$0 e$ (a re+K,( 'a !e (a Arge$t $a re' ,e$ e( $o*,re !e se()a T/'/*a$o M <o( ) a$a5 Esta se()a re+rese$ta (a +or' 3$ *%s *er ! o$a( !e (os ,os7/es $/,(a!os !e S/! A*6r 'a0 se 'o$o'e 'o*o +ro) $' a & togeogr%& 'a !e (os Y/$gas (Ca,rera . ; (( $R =>CI)0 . se !esarro((a$ a+ro8 *a!a*e$te e$tre (os ?FF O SFF . (os @FFF a @SFF *JsJ*J* 'o$ +re' + ta' o$es a$/a(es s/+er ores a (os =FFF **JaLo 'o$ *%8 *os 'o$o' !os 'er'a$os a IFFF ** ! str ,/ !os e$ &or*a *ar'a!a*e$te esta' o$a( (*%s !e( DFZ o'/rre e$ e( +er o!o !e ! ' e*,re a a,r ()5 Posee$ e$ (-$eas ge$era(es /$ $) er$o te*+(a!o . se'oA +r *a)eraM)era$o '%( !o . 4K*e!o5 Las ((/) as est )a(es so$ torre$' a(es . es 'ara'ter-st 'a (a e(e)a!a 'a$t !a! !e !-as $/,(a!os o 'o$ $e,( $a +r $' +a(*e$te e$ e( +er o!o !e otoLo $)er$a(5 La se()a T/'/*a$oM<o( ) a$a +or (o ge$era( es s e*,re )er!e +rese$ta$!o /$ !ose( 7/e )a !e @S a IF *etros !e a(toA 'o$ /$a estr/'t/ra 'o*+(e1a !e tres estratos , e$ !e& $ !os . gra$ 'a$t !a! !e e+ & tasA es /$ ,os7/e 7/e $o +rese$ta a(tera' o$es !o* $a$ es+e' es 'o*o (as M.rta'eae5 De$tro !e (as es+e' es *%s re+rese$tat )as te$e*os (as s g/ e$tesP P $o !e( Cerro0 Noga(0 <arroso0 G/a.a, ((a0 Ce!ro0 SaK'o0 La/re(5 De$tro !e (as es+e' e *%s re+rese$tat )as !e &a/$a te$e*os (a +rese$' as !e 'or2/e(as0 t gre a$ta0 1/'/*ar '.+ Identificacin de Es3ecies %2inci3a!es f!o2a
E$te (as es+e' es *%s re+rese$tat )as . 7/e a(g/$as +/e!e$ a('a$2ar ! %*etros *a.ores a =FF '* 'o$ a(t/ras !e 4asta @S *etros0 e$tre e((os est%$P Q/e,ra'4o Co(ora!o . <(a$'o0 Per ((a o C/ta0 La+a'4o o Ta1 ,o0 Pa(o <(a$'o0 Ce,-(0 Q/ $a0 C/'4 0 Ce!ro0 L/'4%$0 Pa(o Za+a((o0 Soto Negro0 T +a <(a$'a0 A(garro,o0 Q/e,ra'4o Co(ora!o . <(a$'o0 Per ((a o
74
C/ta0 C/'4 Mara0 Ro,(e0 M sto( . _/$o0 a s/ )e2 se +rese$ta$ aso' a!os 'o$ 'a't%'eas 'o(/*$ares ar,3reas0 C4oro7/ete0 A(garro, ((a0 Carag/ata0 C4 '4a+ 0 . */'4as otras e$ esta!o ar,/st )os . 4er,%'eos5 Este es /$ ,os7/e 'o$ /$ reg/(ar +ote$' a( *a!erero5 La )egeta' 3$ es /t ( 2a!a +ara e( ra*o$eo !e (os a$ *a(es !o*est 'os . (a e8tra'' 3$ !e *a!era e$ es'a(a *-$ *a +ara (a 'o$str/'' 3$ !e ) ) e$!as a $ )e( (o'a(0 'orra(es . artesa$-asA a(g/$os &r/tos s ()estres so$ /t ( 2a!os e$ (a a( *e$ta' 3$ ta$to 4/*a$a 'o*o +ara e( ga$a!oA ta*, e$ (a )egeta' 3$ es /t ( 2a!a +or s/s ,o$!a!es *e! ' $a(es !e /so !o*est 'o o &a* ( ar +ara ! s* $/r a(g/$as !o(e$' as o *a(es !e s $to*ato(og-a s/a)e o (e)e +ara e( ser 4/*a$o . a$ *a(5 E$ (os se'tores !e (a serra$-a0 $o se o,ser)a restos !e %r,o(es ta(a!os a gra$ es'a(a0 .a 7/e +or e( re( )e !e( terre$o se ! & '/(ta (a tarea !e( tras(a!o !e (as tro$'as0 $o as- e$ e( se'tor !e T g/a P/e,(o 4a' a (as $*e! a' o$es !e( !/'to GASYRG !o$!e e( *o$te +rese$ta seLa(es !e e8tra'' 3$ !e *a!era a gra$ es'a(a !e 7/e,ra'4o0 '/'4 . 'e!ro a 'o$se'/e$' a !e( ,oo* !e (os aserra!eros e$tre (os aLos =>GF . =>CF0 4o. e$ (a a't/a( !a! (a e8'tra'' 3$ !e *a!era est% 'o$tro(a!a +or (os e$tes $a' o$a(es . *%s ! re'ta*e$te +or (as a/tor !a!es . ) ) e$tes !e (as 'o*/$ !a!es5 E$ (os s g/ e$te '/a!ro se */estra$ (as +r $' +a(es es+e' es +rese$tes e$ e( area !e $&(/e$' a !e( est/! o 'ara'ter 2a!as !e a'/er!o a s/ /t ( !a! e'o$3* 'a segK$ a+re' a' o$es!e (os +o,(a!ores !e (a 2o$a5
CUADRO N& 27.-
%RINCI%ALES ES%ECIES -EGETALES
-EGETACI(N %ARA LA EXTRACCI(N DE MADERA Ite8 No8/2e co8<n No8/2e cient4fico MD Inte2s econ8ico
= Ce ,a @ Ce, ( M C/r/+a/ I Ce!r ((o Er/t4 $a s+ A$!e$a$t4era s+5 Tr '4 ( a 'at a)a O O O Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e
Fa/itat
Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era(
75
Fa/itat
Ge$era( Ge$era( Zo$a se'a Ge$era( Serra$-a N/*e!a(es Ge$era( CaLo$es CaLo$es Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( CaLo$es Ge$era( Zo$a se'a Zo$a se'a CaLo$es CaLo$es Serra$-a Zo$a *e! a se'a Zo$a +(a$a Serra$-a CaLo$es Ge$era(
-EGETACI(N %ARA LA EXTRACCI(N DE MADERA Ite8 No8/2e co8<n No8/2e cient4fico MD Inte2s econ8ico
? Ce!ro S C/'4 G C/'4 *ara C Car D D/ra2$ ((o > _/$o =F La$2a == =@ =I =? =S =G =C =D => @F @= @@ La/re( La/re( Mora Negr ((o M Mo*o7/ Pa(o ,(a$'o Pa(o 2a+a((o Per ((a M C/ta Q/e,ra'4o ,(a$'o Q/e,ra'4o 'o(orao Q/ $a Q/ $a Ro,(e Ce!re(a s+ Astro$ /* s+5 Lo8oter g /* gr se,a'4 Para+ ta!e$ a e8'e(sa O P +ta!e* a s+5 R/+re'4t a 'or ( &o( a Patago$/(a a*er 'a$a Ne'ta$!ra s+5 O'otea +/,er/(a Ma'(/ra t '(or a Caesa(+ $ a +e(to+4oro !es Ca(.'o+4.(/* s+5 P so$ a a*, g/a P4.((ost.(o$ s+5 As+ !os+er*a Q/e,r5 <(a$'o S'4 $o+s s (ore$t2 C4 $'4o$a 'a( sa.a Lo$'4o'ar+/s ( ((o A*,/ra$a s+5 Ta,e,/ a s+ O O E O E O O O O O O O O O O E O O E O Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e M Postes Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e M Postes Ma!era,(e Ma$gos !e 4erra* e$tas Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e M Fr/tos Ma!era,(e M Postes Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e Ma!era,(e
@I Ta1 ,o M La+a'4o @? Ta7/ ((o @S Te*,etar @G T *,o. @C T + ((a M T +a MDP Meto!o !e !ete'' 3$A F/e$teP E(a,ora' 3$ +ro+ a
Proso+ s s+5 O Ma!era,(e M M/e,(es Fagara r4o &o( a O Ma!era,(e M Postes E$tero(/, /* s+ O Ma!era,(e T +/a$a s+5 O Ma!era,(e OP O,ser)a' 3$A EP E$'/estasA <P Re) s '3$ , ,( ogr%& 'a
Ite8 No8/2e co8<n

= A&ata @ A1ata I Carag/ata ? C4/'4o !e .eg/a S Sa/'e G To,oro'4 M (/'4a$ MDP Meto!o !e !ete'' 3$A F/e$teP E(a,ora' 3$ +ro+ a
-EGETACI(N DE USO ARTESANAL No8/2e cient4fico MD Inte2s econ8ico

Cor! a s+ E E <ro*e( a serra O O Sa( 8 4/*,o(! a$a O C4or s a s+5 O OP O,ser)a' 3$A EP E$'/estasA Artesa$ a M */e,(es Artesa$-a M */e,(es Artesa$ a M 4 (os Artesa$-a M '/'4aras Artesa$ a M */e,(es Artesa$a( M ,ateas <P Re) s '3$ , ,( ogr%& 'a
Fa/itat
CaLo$es N/*e!a(es Ge$era( CaLo$es N/*e!a(es Ge$era(
Ite8 No8/2e co8<n = A(garro,o @ G/a.a, ((a
-EGETACI(N %ARA CONSUMO FUMANO No8/2e cient4fico MD Inte2s econ8ico Proso+ s s+5 Sa''e( /* (a$'eo(at/* O O Fr/ta M ra*o$eo Fr/tas
Fa/itat Zo$a se'a e $ter*e! a $o */. a(tas CaLo$es
76
Ge$era( Zo$a se'a Ge$era(
I Mora ? M sto( S Moto1o,o,o G T/$a C T/$ ((a

MDP Meto!o !e !ete'' 3$A F/e$teP E(a,ora' 3$ +ro+ a
Ma'(/ra t '(or a Z 2 +4/s * sto( Tessar a $tegr &o( a O+/$t a & '/s O $! 'a Ce!eus s++5
O E O O O
Ma!era,(e M Fr/tos Fr/ta Fr/ta
Fr/tas M a'(arar ag/a Zo$a se'a Fr/tas M a'(arar ag/a Zo$a se'a
<P Re) s '3$ , ,( ogr%& 'a
OP O,ser)a' 3$A EP E$'/estasA
Ite8 = @ I ? S G C D > =F == =@
No8/2e co8<n Ag/a. Car!o$ ,o(a Car!3$ C4o'(o '4o'(o C4or * * Co(a !e 'a,a((o G/as'a g/as'a L ga ( ga Mag/e Mat 'o P 'a + 'a Po( +o$! o
-EGETACI(N %ARA USO MEDICINAL No8/2e cient4fico MD Inte2s econ8ico C4.so+4.((/* go$o'ar+/* E Me! ' $a( . ra*o$eo Stetso$ a 'or.$e O Me! ' $a( Narr s a tort/osa O Me! ' $a( O Me! ' $a( E Me! ' $a( E7/ set/* ar)e$se E Me! ' $a( O Me! ' $a( O Me! ' $a( O Me! ' $a( P +er s+5 O Me! ' $a( M.r o'ar+a st + tata <e$t45 O Me! ' $a( O Me! ' $a( PeresR a sa'4arosa Ce(t s es+ $osa A'a' a aro*o U$'ar a tor*e$tosa G$a+4a( /* s+5
=I Sa'4a rosa M C/g/'4 =? =S =G =C Ta(a M C4 '4a+Tartago M Ma'ororo ULa !e gato B ra ) ra
O O O O E
Me! ' $a( M Ra*o$eo Me! ' $a( M Ra*o$eo Me! ' $a( Me! ' $a( Me! ' $a(
<P Re) s '3$ , ,( ogr%& 'a
Fa/itat CaLo$es Zo$a se'a CaLo$es Ge$era( Zo$a se'a N/*e!a(es Ge$era( Ge$era( Serra$-a CaLo$es Ge$era( Ge$era( Zo$a se'a $o */. a(tas Zo$a se'a N/*e!a(es Ge$era( CaLo$es
Ite8 = @ I ? S G C D
-EGETACI(N DE UTILIDAD %ARA MANEJO %ECUARIO No8/2e co8<n No8/2e cient4fico MD Inte2s econ8ico Fa/itat A&ata S !a a'/ta O Ra*o$eo Ge$era( C4.so+4.((/* go$o'ar+/* Ag/a. E Me! ' $a( . ra*o$eo CaLo$es O Ma()astr/* s+ A(& ((a _/st ' a s+5 O Ra*o$eo CaLo$es Zo$a se'a e A(garro,o Proso+ s s+5 O Fr/ta M ra*o$eo $ter*e! a $o */. a(tas A(garro, ((a Caesa(+ $ a s+ O Ra*o$eo Zo$a se'a A*arg/ ((o M Ba((es a s+5 O Fr/ta +ara a$ *a(es Ge$era( P 'a$t ((o Mo$ett a '' 'or! &o( a O <e1/'os O Ra*o$eo Ge$era( Ma'a!.e$a/$g/ sM'at Ca,e2a $egra O Ra*o$eo M )a $as Ge$era(
77
-EGETACI(N DE UTILIDAD %ARA MANEJO %ECUARIO Ite8 No8/2e co8<n No8/2e cient4fico MD Inte2s econ8ico Fa/itat Cara'ore o > Neo'ar!e$as a s+5 O Ra*o$eo Zo$a se'a Cara+ar=F C(a)e( !e( a re T ((a$!s a re'/r)ata O Ra*o$eo Ge$era( == C(a)e( ((o <a$$a!es a o!orata O Ra*o$eo Ge$era( =@ Co'a !e 'a,ra Ca++ar s ret/sa O Ra*o$eo CaLo$es =I C4aLar Geo&&roea !e'ort 'a$s E Fr/to +Ja$ *a(es Zo$a $ter*e! a =? C4 r *o((e S !ero8.(o$ o,t/s &o( /* O Ra*o$eo CaLo$es =S C4oro7/ete R/+re'4t a tr &(ora O Ra*o$eo Zo$a se'a =G Es+ $ ((o A'a' a a(, 'ort 'ata E Ra*o$eo CaLo$es =C Es+ $ ((o Caste(a 'o'' $ea E Ra*o$eo Ge$era( =D Garra$'4o A'a' a *a'ra$t4a O Ra*o$eo Ge$era( Zo$a +(a$a M => Gra*as O Ra*o$eo 4/*e!a(es Sa''e( /* (a$'eo(at/* O @F G/a.a, ((a O Fr/tas CaLo$es E/ge$ a *ato @= Ne(e'4os Po( +o! /* s+ O Ra*o$eo CaLo$es @@ N g/er ((a E Ra*o$eo Ge$era( @I _ar'a A'a' a ) s'o E Cer'os Ge$era( @? Le'4er3$ Sa+ /* 4ae*atos+er/* O Ra*o$eo CaLo$es @S L *o$' ((o O Ra*o$eo CaLo$es @G Mora Ma'(/ra t '(or a O Ma!era,(e M Fr/tos Ge$era( @C M sto( Z 2 +4/s * sto( E Fr/ta Zo$a se'a @D Moto1o,o,o So(a$/* asa$ &o( /* O Fr/ta Ge$era( Cer'o M Fr/ta @> Pa(o *ata'o Ce(t s s+5 E Ge$era( +Ja$ *a(es IF Pa1a ,ra)a St +a '4 / O Ra*o$eo Serra$-a Cer'o M Fr/ta I= P/'a P/'a E Zo$a +(a$a +Ja$ *a(es I@ Ro*er ((o Neterot4a(a*/s a( e$/s O DaL $o +Jga$a!o Ge$era( Sa'4a rosa M Zo$a se'a $o II PeresR a sa'4arosa O Me! ' $a( M Ra*o$eo C/g/'4 */. a(tas I? Soto $egro O Cer'os M ra*o$eo Ge$era( IS T/s'a A'a' a *a'ra'a$ta O Fr/ta +Ja$ *a(es Ge$era( IG T/$a O+/$t a & '/s O $! 'a O Fr/tas M a'(arar ag/a Zo$a se'a IC T/$ ((a Ce!eus s++5 O Fr/tas M a'(arar ag/a Zo$a se'a ID T/t/a E Ra*o$eo Ge$era( I> U(a(a Cere/s s+5 O Fr/ta M (eg-a Ge$era(
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Fa/itat N/*e!a(es
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FAUNA
Por (a ! )ers !a! . 4eteroge$e !a! !e( a*, e$te . !e 4a, tat0 este ,r $!a re&/g o a /$a a(ta ! )ers !a! !e &a/$a a!a+ta!a a (os ! &ere$tes + sos e'o(3g 'os5 La Serra$-a !e( Ag/aragKe +rese$ta /$a 'o*/$ !a! 'o*+(eta !e )erte,ra!os e $)erte,ra!os0 'o$ /$a ! )ers !a! !e *a*-&eros0 a)es0 re+t (es0 a$& , os0 $se'tos . ar%'$ !os 7/e +o!r-a s/+erar a*+( a*e$te e( $K*ero reg stra!o e$ otras %reas +roteg !as !e <o( ) a5 La &a/$a s ()estre e$ (a 2o$a !e est/! o a s !o e8+(ota!a e$ !e'a!as a$ter ores +or (a 'a2a $! s'r *a!a +ara (a /t ( 2a' 3$ !e 'ar$e0 '/ero 'o*o ser (as 'or2/e(as0 '4a$'4o !e( *o$te0 7/ r7/ $'4os0 1o'4 sA . *as'otas +ara (a 'o*er' a( 2a' 3$ ta(es 'o*o (os (oros0 'otorras0 +ara)as0 t/'a$es . *o$os0 4o. e$ !-a segK$ 'o*e$ta$ (os e$'arga!os !e (as 'o*/$ !a!es0 (a 'a2a &/rt )a est% +ro4 , !a e$ (a 2o$a0 e( a+ro)e'4a* e$to !e (os a$ *a(es s ()estres ta$ so(o se (o rea( 2a +ara 'o$s/*o 4/*a$o es+or%! 'a*e$te5 Ca)e 4a'er $otar 7/e e$ (a *a.or +arte !e (a +o,(a' o$ e8 ste 'o$' e$' a !e( esta!o e$ e( 7/e se e$'/e$tra (a &a/$a . !e (as a'' o$es 7/e se !e,e$ seg/ r +ara s/ 'o$ser)a' o$5 AK$ e8 ste e( r esgo !e e8t $' 3$ !e a(g/$as es+e' es 'o*o ser e( (e3$ o +/*a a*er 'a$o 7/e es 'a2a!o a 'o$se'/e$' a !e( !aLo 7/e rea( 2a a (os a$ *a(es !o*6st 'os . (as
79
! &ere$tes )ar e!a!es !e o& ! os )e$e$osos 7/e so$ a$ 7/ (a!os $*e! ata*e$te a( e$'o$trar(os5 La a/se$' a !e a$ *a(es s ()estres se !e,e a +rese$' a !e ase$ta* e$tos 4/*a$os0 estos se a(e1a$ 4a' a se'tores $o 4a ((ega!o e$ !e*as-a +or e( 4o*,re . (a ga$a!er-a e8te$s )a0 s $ e*,argo e8 ste 2o$as +o'o $ter)e$ !a!as !o$!e a/$ se +/e!e a+re' ar e'os ste*as , e$ 'o$ser)a!os 'o$ /$a gra$ )ar e!a! !e &/a$a5 E$ (os 'a/ses !e ag/as e$ (a 2o$a !e est/! o0 se &or*a$ e$ a(g/$os se'tores0 +e7/eLas &osas 'o$ +rese$' a !e (ar)as !e a$& , 3s o re$a'/a1os !e ! &ere$tes es+e' es e $se'tos a'/%t 'os0 +or e( ,a1o 'a/!a( !e (os r-os 3 7/e,ra!as !e (a 2o$a0 $o se o,ser)3 (a +rese$' a !e +e'es5 A(g/$os a$ *a(es so$ 'e$tros !e ate$' 3$ +ara (os +o,(a!ores !e (a 2o$a0 .a 7/e e((os a$/$' a$ (a ((ega!a !e &r os0 s/ra2os0 ((/) as o 'a*, os '( *%t 'os0 otros $o so$ a/.e$ta!os $ 'a2a!os +or 7/e '/*+(e$ /$ +a+e( e'o(3g 'o *+orta$te 'o*o (os 'arroLeros 7/e so$ age$tes sa$ tar os0 (os 4er,-)oros &a' ( ta$ (a ! s+er' 3$ !e +(a$tas atra)es !e (a e)a'/a' 3$ &e'a( 'o$ se* ((as $o ! ger !as0 (os $se't )oros . 'ar$-)oros 7/e e) ta$ (a +ro( &era' 3$ !e a$ *a(es . +(agas ta(es 'o*o $se'tos0 (ar)as . roe!ores5
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Identificacin de Es3ecies %2inci3a!es fauna
E( '/a!ro */estra (as es+e' es !e$t & 'a!as e$ e( area !e est/! o seg/$ (as e$'/estas rea( 2a!as e$ tra,a1o !e 'a*+oP
CUADRO N& 28.%RINCI%ALES ES%ECIES MAMIFEROS Ite8 No8/2e co8<n = @ I ? S G A$ta Ar! ((a C4a$'4o !e( *o$te Co*a!re1a Co$e1o o ( e,re !e( *o$te Cor2/e(a No8/2e cient4fico Ta+ r/s terrestr s S' /r/ g$ t/s Cata, nus =a,ne!i 4 Ta*asus s$. D !e(+4 s +/s ((a S.() (ag/s ,ras (e$s s Ma2a*a s+ MD Fa/itat E E E E E E Ge$era( Ge$era( Serra$-a Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Siste8a de a!i8entacin Ner,-)oro Ner,-)oro Ner,-)oro N/e)os . +o((/e(os Ner,-)oro Ner,-)oro
80
Siste8a de a!i8entacin Ner,-)oro Car$-)oro Car$-)oro Ner,-)oro Ner,-)oro Ner,-)oro Ner,-)oro I$se't-)oro Car$-)oro I$se't-)oro Car$-)oro Ner,-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Car$-)oro Car$-)oro Car$-)oro Ner,-)oro
MAMIFEROS Ite8 No8/2e co8<n C D > =F == =@ =I =? =S =G =C =D => @F @= @@ @I C/ s Gato *o$tes Gato o$2a _o'4 _/'/*ar L e,re Mo$o a*ar ((o M/r' e(ago N/tr a Oso 4or* g/ero P/*a o (e3$ Rat3$ TatK T gre Zorro To'oro B 2'a'4a No8/2e cient4fico M 'ro'a) a a/stra( s O$' &e( s geo&&ro. Fe( s +ar!a( s Das.+ro'ta +/$'tata Tre*ar'tos or$at/s Do( '4ot s +atago$/* Ce,/s a+e((a E+tes '/s ,ras ( e$s s M.o'astor 'o.+o M.*e'o+4aga tr !a't.(a P/*a 'o$'o(or ARo!o$ s+5 Pr o!o$tes *a8 */s Pa$t4era o$'a Pse/!a(o+e8 g.*$o'er'/s M Co$e+at/s '4 $ga M Cer!o'.o$ t4o/s Lagoosto*/s *a8 */s MD Fa/itat O E E E E E E E E C E E E E E E E Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Serra$-a Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Serra$-a Ge$era( Ge$era( Zo$a se'a
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A-ES Ite8 No8/2e co8<n No8/2e cient4fico = @ I ? S G C D > =F == =@ =I =? =S Ag/ (a Ca(a$!r a Cara$'4o Car!e$a( C4arata C4o$'4o C4oro$'4 C4//) C4/(/+-a C4/La o 2o'or Co(a !e t 1era o go(o$!r $a Co$!or Cotorra Gar2a ,(a$'a Gar2a ,/e.era Nar+ a 4ar+.1a M */s s+5 Po(.,or/s +(a$'/s Paroar a 'oro$ata Orta( s 'a$ 'o(( s MD Fa/itat E E O O O E E E E O E O O E E Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Serra$-a Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Siste8a de a!i8entacin Car$-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro CarroLero Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Car$-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro CarroLero Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro I$se't-)oro I$se't-)oro
</teo s+5 Car a*a 'r stata E(a$o !es &or& 'at/s Ba(t/r gr.+4/s Arat $ga s+5 Egreta a(,a </!/('/s , s
81
Siste8a de a!i8entacin Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Car$-)oro Car$-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-,oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro CarroLero I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro Ner,-)oro M I$se't-)oro
A-ES Ite8 No8/2e co8<n No8/2e cient4fico =G =C =D => @F @= @@ @I @? @S @G @C @D @> IF I= I@ II I? IS IG IC ID I> ?F G (g/ero Na('o$ Le'4/2a Loro S 'a( s &(a)eo(a Fa('o s+5 Ot/s '4o( ,a P o$/s *a8 * ( a$ M A*a2o$a MD Fa/itat E E E O E O E O E O E E E O E E E O E E O E E O E Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( N/*e!a(es Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Ge$era( Zo$a +(a$a
aest )a Ma/r Ca( !r s *a/r P%1aro 'ar+ $tero P '/*/s e$rat/s Pa1+a Pa(o*as Co(/*, a + '/ Para,a Ara s+5 Pato Neta +e+osa'a Pa)a !e( *o$te Pe$6(o+e s+5 Pe'4o a*ar ((o Pse/!o(e stes ) res'e$s Per!-2 Cr.tere((/s tta/+a P 'a&(or M 'rost (,o$ ,/r*e ster s Re $a *ora C.a$o'o*+sa (a$'eo(ata Sa./,/ Serere G/ ra g/ ra S/'4a Corag.+s atrat/s S/*/r/'/'/ Ot/s '4o( ,a Tero tero <e(a$o+ter/s 'a.a$e$s s T (/'4 F/r$ar /s s+5 Tor!o Age(a /s s+5 T/'%$ Ra*+4astos to'o Urra'a C.a$o'ora8 s+5 Z/r o La$!/ R4ea a*er 'a$a
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ANFI,IOS ) RE%TILES Ite No8/2e 8 co8<n = @ I ? S Ra$as Sa+os <oa Ig/a$a o +e$ Lagart 1as No8/2e cient4fico E(e/t4ero!a't.(/s s+5M Le+ta!a't.(/s '4a7/e$s s M P4.sa(ae*/s s+5 M Gastrote'a s+5 M S' $a8 s+5 ON.(a * $/ta M P4.((o*e!/sa ,o( ) a$a </&o s+5 <oa 'o$str 'tor T/+ $a*, s teg/ 8 $ MD Fa/itat EM < E E E Siste8a de a!i8entacin
Ge$era( I$se't-)oro Ge$era( I$se't-)oro Ge$era( Car$-)oro Ner,-)oro M Ge$era( I$se't-)oro Ge$era( I$se't )oros
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82 Siste8a de a!i8entacin Car$-)oro Car$-)oro Car$-)oro Car$-)oro Car$-)oro Car$-)oro
ANFI,IOS ) RE%TILES Ite 8 G C D > =F == No8/2e co8<n Ser+ e$te 'ora( Ser+ e$te $egra C/(e,ra )er!e B-,ora 'as'a,e( Yarara Yo+ero1o,o,o No8/2e cient4fico Cora(/s e$.!r s P4.(o!r as ,aro$ Crota(/s ) r ! s Pa(eo1/'4/s tr go$at/s <ot4o+s s+
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83
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,P U$a e8te$s 3$ !e +rese$' a (%rea !e ! str ,/' 3$ geogr%& 'a) est *a!a 'o*o *e$or !e =FF H*@0 o /$ %rea !e o'/+a' 3$ est *a!a *e$or =F H*@ . est *a' o$es !e 7/e se est%$ !a$!o +or (o *e$os !os !e (as s g/ e$tes 'ara'ter-st 'asP 'P Po,(a' 3$ se)era*e$te &rag*e$ta!a o 7/e se sa,e 7/e e8 ste e$ /$a K$ 'a (o'a( !a!5 +P E$ !e'( $a' 3$ 'o$t $/a0 o,ser)a!a0 $&er !a o +ro.e'ta!a0 +or '/a(7/ era !e (os s g/ e$tes e(e*e$tosP aP E8te$s 3$ o +rese$' a /P rea !e o'/+a' 3$ cP rea0 e8te$s 3$ .Jo 'a( !a! !e 4%, tat dP N/*ero !e (o'a( !a!es o s/,+o,(a' o$es eP N/*ero !e $! ) !/os *a!/ros 5P &(/'t/a' o$es e8tre*as e$ '/a(7/ era !e (os s g/ e$tes 'o*+o$e$tesP aP E8te$s 3$ !e +rese$' a5 /P rea !e o'/+a' 3$5 cP N/*ero !e (o'a( !a!es o s/,+o,(a' o$es5 CP Po,(a' 3$ est *a!a e$ $K*eros *e$ores !e @SF $! ) !/os *a!/ros . '/a(7/ era !e (os s g/ e$tes e(e*e$tosP 'P E$ !e'( $a' 3$ 'o$t $/a est *a!a e$ +or (o *e$os /$ @S +or ' e$to e$ /$ +er o!o !e tres aLos o e$ e( t e*+o !e /$a ge$era' 3$0 se(e'' o$a$!o e( +er o!o 7/e se a *a.or !e (os !os5
85
+P E$ !e'( $a' 3$ 'o$t $/a o,ser)a!a0 +ro.e'ta!a o $&er !a0 e( $/*ero !e $! ) !/os *a!/ros . 'o$ /$a estr/'t/ra +o,(a' o$a( !e '/a(7/ era !e (as s g/ e$tes &or*asP aP Se)era*e$te &rag*e$ta!a (E15 '/a$!o se est *a 7/e $ $g/$a +o,(a' 3$ 'o$t e$e *as !e SF $! ) !/os *a!/ros) /P To!os (os $! ) !/os est%$ e$ /$a K$ 'a +o,(a' 3$ DP Po,(a' 3$ est *a!a e$ /$ $K*ero *e$or !e SF $! ) !/os *a!/ros EP A$%( s s '/a$t tat )os */estra$ 7/e (a +ro,a, ( !a! !e e8t $' 3$ e$ e( esta!o s ()estre es !e +or (o *e$os e( SF +or ' e$to !e$tro !e (os s g/ e$tes =F aLos o tres ge$era' o$es0 se(e'' o$a$!o e( +er o!o sea *a.or !e (os !os5 De a'/er!o a (o a$ter or*e$te !es'r to se +/!o o,ser)ar . 'o$statar *e! a$te !atos o,te$ !os . re&ere$' as 7/e (as es+e' es e$'o$tra!as e$ to!a (a 2o$a !e (a Serra$-a !e( Ag/arag/e $o se e$'/e$tra$ e$ este ra$go o 'r ter o (E$ Pe( gro Cr t 'o)5 5 EN %ELIGRO OENP.7
C/a$!o $o ((ega a estar 9E$ Pe( gro Cr t 'o:0 +ero e$&re$ta /$a */. a(ta +ro,a, ( !a! !e e8t $' 3$ e$ /$ &/t/ro 'er'a$o0 segK$ (o 7/e 7/e!a !e& $ !o +or '/a(7/ era !e (os s g/ e$tes 'r ter os5 AP Re!/'' 3$ !e (a +o,(a' 3$ +or '/a(7/ era !e (as &or*as s g/ e$tesP 'P Re!/'' 3$ o,ser)a!a0 est *a!a o $ger !a e$ +or (o *e$os /$ SF +or ' e$to !/ra$te (os K(t *os =F aLos o I ge$era' o$es0 se(e'' o$a$!o (a o+' 3$ 7/e sea *as (arga0 ,asa!a e$ '/a(7/ era !e (os s g/ e$tes e(e*e$tos0 (os '/a(es !e,e$ ser es+e' & 'a!osP cP O,ser)a' 3$ ! re'ta
86
dP U$ -$! 'e !e a,/$!a$' a a+ro+ a!o +ara (a es+e' e5 eP U$a re!/'' 3$ !e( %rea !e o'/+a' 3$0 4 ,r !a' 3$0 +at3ge$os0 'o$ta* $a$tes0 'o*+et !ores o +ar%s tos fP N )e(es !e e8+(ota' 3$ rea(es o +ote$' a(es 6P E&e'tos !e es+e' es $tro!/' !as0 4 ,r !a' 3$0 +at3ge$os0 'o$ta* $a$tes0 'o*+et !ores o +ar%s tos5 +P Re!/'' 3$ e$ +or (o *e$os /$ SF +or ' e$to0 +ro.e'ta!a o 7/e se sos+e'4a ser% a('a$2a!a e$ (os +r38 *os =F aLos0 I ge$era' o$es0 se(e'' o$a$!o (a o+' 3$ *as (arga0 ,asa!a e$ '/a(7/ era !e (os +/$tos a$ter ores ((os '/a(es !e,e$ ser es+e' & 'a!os)5 ,P U$a e8te$s 3$ !e +rese$' a (%rea !e ! str ,/' 3$ geogr%& 'a) est *a!a 'o*o *e$or !e SFFF H*@0 o /$ %rea !e o'/+a' 3$ est *a!a *e$or SFF H*@ . est *a' o$es !e 7/e se est%$ !a$!o +or (o *e$os !os !e (as s g/ e$tes 'ara'ter-st 'asP 'P Po,(a' 3$ se)era*e$te &rag*e$ta!a o 7/e se sa,e 7/e e8 ste e$ /$a K$ 'a (o'a( !a!5 +P E$ !e'( $a' 3$ 'o$t $/a0 o,ser)a!a0 $&er !a o +ro.e'ta!a0 +or '/a(7/ era !e (os s g/ e$tes e(e*e$tosP aP E8te$s 3$ o +rese$' a /P rea !e o'/+a' 3$ cP rea0 e8te$s 3$ .Jo 'a( !a! !e 4%, tat dP N/*ero !e (o'a( !a!es o s/,+o,(a' o$es eP N/*ero !e $! ) !/os *a!/ros 5P &(/'t/a' o$es e8tre*as e$ '/a(7/ era !e (os s g/ e$tes 'o*+o$e$tesP aP E8te$s 3$ !e +rese$' a5 /P rea !e o'/+a' 3$5 cP N/*ero !e (o'a( !a!es o s/,+o,(a' o$es5
,)0 ')0 !) o e)0
87
CP Po,(a' 3$ est *a!a e$ $K*eros *e$ores !e @SFF $! ) !/os *a!/ros . '/a(7/ era !e (os s g/ e$tes e(e*e$tosP 'P E$ !e'( $a' 3$ 'o$t $/a est *a!a e$ +or (o *e$os /$ @F +or ' e$to e$ /$ +er o!o !e ' $'o aLos o e$ e( t e*+o !e !os ge$era' 3$es0 se(e'' o$a$!o e( +er o!o 7/e se a *a.or !e (os !os5 +P E$ !e'( $a' 3$ 'o$t $/a o,ser)a!a0 +ro.e'ta!a o $&er !a0 e( $/*ero !e $! ) !/os *a!/ros . 'o$ /$a estr/'t/ra +o,(a' o$a( !e '/a(7/ era !e (as s g/ e$tes &or*asP aP Se)era*e$te &rag*e$ta!a (E15 '/a$!o se est *a 7/e $ $g/$a +o,(a' 3$ 'o$t e$e *as !e @SF $! ) !/os *a!/ros) /P To!os (os $! ) !/os est%$ e$ /$a K$ 'a +o,(a' 3$ DP Po,(a' 3$ est *a!a e$ /$ $K*ero *e$or !e @SF $! ) !/os *a!/ros EP A$%( s s '/a$t tat )os */estra$ 7/e (a +ro,a, ( !a! !e e8t $' 3$ e$ e( esta!o s ()estre es !e +or (o *e$os e( @F +or ' e$to !e$tro !e (os s g/ e$tes @F aLos o ' $'o ge$era' o$es0 se(e'' o$a$!o e( +er o!o sea *a.or !e (os !os5 O,ser)a$!o . 'o$stata$!o *e! a$te re&ere$' as ta$to !e &a/$a 'o*o !e &(ora +rese$te e$ to!a (a 2o$a !e est/! o0 se ((ego a !eter* $ar 7/e (as es+e' es e$'o$tra!as !/ra$te to!o e( re'orr !o $o est%$ !e$tro !e este 'r ter o (Pe( gro Cr-t 'o)5 : -ULNERA,LE O-P
C/a$!o $o ((ega a ser 'o$s !era!a 'o*o e$ Pe( gro Cr t 'o o e$ Pe( gro0 +ero e$&re$ta /$a a(ta +ro,a, ( !a! !e e8t $' 3$ e$ /$ *e! a$o +(a2o0 segK$ 7/e!a +or '/a(7/ era !e (os s g/ e$tes 'r ter osP
88
AP Re!/'' 3$ !e (a +o,(a' 3$ +or '/a(7/ era !e (as &or*as s g/ e$tesP 'P Re!/'' 3$ o,ser)a!a0 est *a!a o $ger !a e$ +or (o *e$os /$ @F +or ' e$to !/ra$te (os K(t *os =F aLos o I ge$era' o$es0 se(e'' o$a$!o (a o+' 3$ 7/e sea *as (arga0 ,asa!a e$ '/a(7/ era !e (os s g/ e$tes e(e*e$tos0 (os '/a(es !e,e$ ser es+e' & 'a!osP aP O,ser)a' 3$ ! re'ta /P U$ -$! 'e !e a,/$!a$' a a+ro+ a!o +ara (a es+e' e5 cP U$a re!/'' 3$ !e( %rea !e o'/+a' 3$0 4 ,r !a' 3$0 +at3ge$os0 'o$ta* $a$tes0 'o*+et !ores o +ar%s tos dP N )e(es !e e8+(ota' 3$ rea(es o +ote$' a(es eP E&e'tos !e es+e' es $tro!/' !as0 4 ,r !a' 3$0 +at3ge$os0 'o$ta* $a$tes0 'o*+et !ores o +ar%s tos5 +P Re!/'' 3$ e$ +or (o *e$os /$ @F +or ' e$to0 +ro.e'ta!a o 7/e se sos+e'4a ser% a('a$2a!a e$ (os +r38 *os =F aLos0 I ge$era' o$es0 se(e'' o$a$!o (a o+' 3$ *as (arga0 ,asa!a e$ '/a(7/ era !e (os +/$tos a$ter ores ((os '/a(es !e,e$ ser es+e' & 'a!os)5 ,P U$a e8te$s 3$ !e +rese$' a (/$a +arte !e (a tota( !a! !e( ra$go !e ! str ,/' 3$ geogr%& 'a) est *a!a 'o*o *e$or !e @FFFF H*@0 o /$ %rea !e o'/+a' 3$ est *a!a *e$or @FF H*@ . est *a' o$es !e 7/e se est%$ !a$!o +or (o *e$os !os !e (as s g/ e$tes 'ara'ter-st 'asP 'P Po,(a' 3$ se)era*e$te &rag*e$ta!a o 7/e se sa,e 7/e e8 ste e$ $o *as !e S (o'a( !a!es5 +P E$ !e'( $a' 3$ 'o$t $/a0 o,ser)a!a0 $&er !a o +ro.e'ta!a0 +or '/a(7/ era !e (os s g/ e$tes e(e*e$tosP aP E8te$s 3$ o +rese$' a /P rea !e o'/+a' 3$ ,)0 ')0 !) o e)0
89
cP rea0 e8te$s 3$ .Jo 'a( !a! !e 4%, tat dP N/*ero !e (o'a( !a!es o s/,+o,(a' o$es eP N/*ero !e $! ) !/os *a!/ros 5P &(/'t/a' o$es e8tre*as e$ '/a(7/ era !e (os s g/ e$tes 'o*+o$e$tesP aP E8te$s 3$ !e +rese$' a5 /P rea !e o'/+a' 3$5 cP N/*ero !e (o'a( !a!es o s/,+o,(a' o$es5 CP Po,(a' 3$ est *a!a e$ $K*eros *e$ores !e @SFF $! ) !/os *a!/ros . '/a(7/ era !e (os s g/ e$tes e(e*e$tosP 'P E$ !e'( $a' 3$ 'o$t $/a est *a!a e$ +or (o *e$os /$ =F +or ' e$to e$ /$ +er o!o !e =F aLos o e$ e( t e*+o !e !os ge$era' 3$es0 se(e'' o$a$!o e( +er o!o 7/e se a *a.or !e (os !os5 +P E$ !e'( $a' 3$ 'o$t $/a o,ser)a!a0 +ro.e'ta!a o $&er !a0 e( $/*ero !e $! ) !/os *a!/ros . 'o$ /$a estr/'t/ra +o,(a' o$a( !e '/a(7/ era !e (as s g/ e$tes &or*asP aP Se)era*e$te &rag*e$ta!a (E15 '/a$!o se est *a 7/e $ $g/$a +o,(a' 3$ 'o$t e$e *as !e =FFF $! ) !/os *a!/ros) /P To!os (os $! ) !/os est%$ e$ /$a K$ 'a +o,(a' 3$ DP Po,(a' 3$ */. +e7/eLa 'o$! ' o$esP '. Po,(a' 3$ est *a!a e$ $K*eros *e$ores !e =FFF $! ) !/os *a!/ros5 +. La +o,(a' 3$ esta 'ara'ter 2a!a +or /$a ag/!a restr '' 3$ e$ s/ %rea !e o'/+a' 3$ (t-+ 'a*e$te *e$or a =FF R*@) o e$ e( $/*ero !e (o'a( !a!es restr $g !a e$ (a &or*a !e '/a(7/ era !e (as s g/ $tes !os
90
(t-+ 'a*e$te *e$os !e S)5 De esta *a$era ! '4a *a$era t e$e +os , ( !a!es !e ser a&e'ta!as +or (as a't ) !a!es 4/*a$as (o +or e)e$tos esto'%st 'os0 '/.o *+a'to es agra)a!o +or e( 4o*,re) !e$tro /$ +er o!o */. 'orto !e t e*+o e$ /$ &/t/ro *+re!e' ,(e ((ega$!o as- a estar e$ 9Pe( gro Cr t 'o: o a /$ 9e8t $to: e$ /$ t e*+o */. ,re)e5 EP A$%( s s '/a$t tat )os */estra$ 7/e (a +ro,a, ( !a! !e e8t $' 3$ e$ e( esta!o s ()estre es !e +or (o *e$os e( =F +or ' e$to !e$tro !e (os s g/ e$tes =FF aLos5 E$ '/a$to a este 'r ter o0 se o,ser)o e$ to!a (a 2o$a !e est/! o 4a. es+e' es )/($era,(es o e$ +ro'eso !e )/($era, ( !a! . (os CITES I . II $os $! 'a$ e( Co$)e$ o I$ter$a' o$a( +ara reg/(ar e( Tra& 'o5
CUADRO N& 29.-
CLASIFICACI(N DE ES%ECIES -ULNERA,LES.
NOM,RE COMUN CATEGOR#A Oso Nor* g/ero BU(UICN0 =>>?) APENDICE II DE CITES Zorro APENDICE II DE CITES Mo$o Mart $ BU(UICN0 =>>?) T gre _ag/ar BU(UICN0 =>>?) APENDICE I DE CITES O'e(ote BU(UICN0 =>>?) APENDICE I DE CITES Pe'ar !e Co((ar BU0 CT(UICN0 =>>?) APENDICE II DE CITES A$ta0 ta+ r BU0 (UICN0 =>>?) APENDICE II DE CITES Ar*a! ((o G $ga$te BU0 (UICN0 =>>?) APENDICE I DE CITES F/e$teP e(a,ora' 3$ +ro+ a = DATOS INSUFICIENTES ODDP.7
U$a es+e' e +erte$e'e a esta 'ategor-a '/a$!o (a $&or*a' 3$ es $a!e'/a!a +ara ser /$a e)a(/a' 3$0 ! re'ta o $! re'ta0 !e s/ r ego !e s/ e8t $' 3$ e$ ,ase a (a ! str ,/' 3$ !e (a +o,(a' 3$ . s/ 'o$! ' 3$5 P/e!e estar , e$ est/! a!a e$ '/a$to a s/ , o(og-a0 +ero se 'are'e !e !atos so,re (a a,/$!a$' a . ! str ,/' 3$ +o,(a' o$a(5 A( $'(/ r /$ ta83$ a esta 'ategor-a se $! 'a 7/e se re7/ ere *as $&or*a' 3$ . se re'o$o'e (a +ro,a, ( !a! 7/e $)est ga' o$es &/t/ras +er* ta as g$ar(e /$a 'ategor-a !e a*e$a2a5 Es *+orta$te 4a'er /$
91
/so rea( !e to!os (os !atos ! s+o$ ,(es5 E$ */'4os 'asos 4a,r% 7/e te$er */'4o '/ !a!o e$ e(eg r e$tre Datos I$s/& ' e$tes . (a 'o$! ' 3$ !e A*e$a2a!o5 S se sos+e'4a 7/e ! str ,/' 3$ !e /$ ta83$ esta re(at )a*e$te ' r'/$s'r ta0 . s 4a tra$s'/rr !o /$ +er o!o 'o$s !era,(e !e t e*+o !es!e e( /(t *o reg stro !e( ta83$0 e$to$'es (a 'o$! ' 3$ !e a*e$a2a!o +/e!e estar , e$ 1/st & 'a!a5 De a'/er!o a (as re&ere$' as 7/e $os !es'r ,e esta 'ategor-a0 +o!e*os $! 'ar (os s g/ e$tesP
CUADRO N& $".-
CLASIFICACI(N DE ES%ECIES CON DATOS INSUFICIENTES.
NOM,RE COMUN o CIENTIFICO Le3$ +/*a Felis ,e ''! *i Felis =ie)ii Cor2/e(a Co(ora!a Ma@a&a , ua@ ubi!a Eu$.a!"tus se:"intus T l*$eutes &ata"us >
CATEGOR#A DD (UICN0 =>>?) APENDICE II DE CITES DD (UICN0 =>>?) APENDICE I DE CITES DD (UICN0 =>>?) APENDICE I DE CITES DD (UICN0 =>>?) DD (UICN0 =>>?) DD (UICN0 =>>?) DD (UICN0 =>>?)
CONCENTRACI(N DE ES%ECIES SENSI,LES
Por (as ( * ta' o$es e$ (a !e$t & 'a' 3$ . +rote'' 3$ !e 'a!a /$a !e (as es+e' es a*e$a2a!as . s e$!o (a !estr/'' 3$ o (a *o! & 'a' 3$ !e( 4%, tat (a +r $' +a( 'a/sa !e e8t $' 3$ !e (as es+e' es0 (a +rote'' 3$ !e +(a$tas !e,er% or e$tarse a (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ !e s/s 4%, tats5 E$ %reas se(e'' o$a!as ser% +os ,(e e( *a$te$ * e$to !e (as +o,(a' o$es !e es+e' es a*e$a2a!as 'o*o ta*, e$ se 'o$ser)ara$ (os re'/rsos ge$6t 'os !e es+e' es s ()estres5 La se(e'' 3$ !e 9s t o: o 9'e$tros !e ! )ers !a! !e +(a$tas:0 re7/ ere /$ 'o$o' * e$to !e (a r 7/e2a &(or-st 'a . e$!e* s*os !e (a 2o$a a e(eg rse (UICN5 =>DD)5
92
To!a es+e' e es s/s'e+t ,(e !e !esa+are'er o e* grar '/a$!o es *o! & 'a!o e( 4%, tat e$ e( 7/e ) )e +or (a $ter)e$' 3$ !e (a *a$o !e( 4o*,re5 E$tre (as es+e' es 7/e so$ se$s ,(es a '/a(7/ er *o! & 'a' 3$ 7/e e8 st era$ e$ (a 2o$a !e est/! o te$e*osP A( Zorro0 T gre 1ag/ar0 Le3$ +/*a5 @ ECOSISTEMAS DE COMUNIDADES REGULADORAS O %ROTECTORAS.7
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Funcin 2e6u!ado2a de !os ecosiste8as.7
E$ e( %rea se a!) erte /$a e'o$o*-a ,asa!a e$ (a sat s&a'' 3$ !e $e'es !a!es0 'o$'e+' 3$ 7/e or e$ta a (a e8+(ota' 3$ . /so !e (os re'/rsos5 La &/$' 3$ reg/(a!ora !e &a* ( as $! ge$as0 (as 7/e s e*+re 4a$ re'/rr !o a s/ e$tor$o +ara o,te$er a(g/$os ,e$e& ' os !o$!e ) )e$ a$ *a(es0 a)es e $se'tos !e to!a '(ase . ta*aLo5 Es 'o*o /$a &a* ( a0 se e$t e$!e$0 se $e'es ta$ /$os a otros +ara ) ) r . ta*, e$ '/*+(e$ ! &ere$tes &/$' o$es 'o*o serP E) ta (a eros 3$ !e (os s/e(os 'a/sa!a +or e( ag/a0 es !e' r e) ta 7/e (as ag/as !e ((/) a se 1/$te$ . &or*a$ arro.os . r-os0 '/.a &/er2a arrastra (a t erra Las ra-'es !e (os %r,o(es0 *o! & 'a$ (a t erra0 7/e a'arrea ag/a . (ogra$ 7/e e8 sta 4/*e!a!5 Las 4o1as . ra*as !e (os %r,o(es !a$ so*,ra a( s/e(o 4a' e$!o 7/e (a 4/*e!a! !/re *%s t e*+o5 Los %r,o(es ta*, 6$ so$ re&/g os . a( *e$to !e (os a$ *a(es0 a)es0 $se'tos . !e to!o ser ) )o 7/e 4a, ta e$ e( *o$te5 Protege$ (as &/e$tes !e ag/a5 Los %r,o(es se 'o$) erte$ e$ ro*+e) e$tos es !e' r 'orta$ (a &/er2a !e( ) e$to es+e' a(*e$te e$ $) er$o e$ (as 2o$as !e ,os7/es . (os +a1o$a(es so$ /$a &/e$te !e a*ort g/a' 3$ !e( ) e$to0 7/e e) ta (a eros 3$ e3( 'a5
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P/r & 'a e( *e! o a*, e$te0 (as +(a$tas res+ ra$ *e! a$te s/s 4o1as (as '/a(es e84a(a$ e( o8 ge$o +ara 7/e (a ge$te res+ re5 Las ((/) as so$ *%s 'o$sta$tes e$ (os (/gares !o$!e 4a. )egeta' 3$ e$ a,/$!a$' a +or e( * s*o 4e'4o !e (a 'rea' 3$ !e s/ +ro+ o * 'ro '( *a5 @.+ %2oteccin de !os ecosiste8as.7
E( %rea !e( */$ ' + o !e Ma'4aret 0 (a serra$-a !e( Ag/aragYe0 +rese$ta /$a a(ta )ar e!a! !e es+e' es a$ter or*e$te *e$' o$a!as . $o est%$ e$ +e( gro !e e8t $' 3$ o a* $ora* e$to !e +o,(a' 3$ o *ater a( ge$6t 'o +ara es+e' es *a!era,(es .Jo ra*o$eo0 +or e( esta!o a't/a( !e s/s ,os7/es . (a +o'a $ter)e$' 3$ !e( 4o*,re5 Pero +or e( 'o$trar o e$ (/gares !o$!e e8 ste ase$ta* e$tos 4/*a$os0 (a /t ( 2a' 3$ !e )egeta' 3$ +ara (eLa . e( so,re +astoreo0 +/e!e$ ((egar a ser 'a/sa !e r esgos !e !egra!a' 3$ !e 'o,ert/ra )egeta(5$%informacin en las encuestas y gu!as que acompa<aron el recorrido0$ La &(ora . &a/$a 7/e se e$'/e$tra$ e$ (os + es !e *o$tes o !e tra$s ' 3$ se e$'/e$tra e$ /$ esta!o $at/ra( (segK$ o,ser)a' 3$ $ s t/0 'as /$ >S a >DZ) Se o,ser)a 7/e e( ra*o$eo !e a$ *a(es !o*6st 'os (ga$a!o )a'/$o0 'a+r $o . s/ $o) e$ (as +artes $ter$as !e (as serra$-as es *-$ *a . (a a&e'ta' 3$ !e (a * s*a es gra' as a /$ cont2o! natu2a! !e *o$te !e, !o a (a &a(ta !e )ert e$tes0 o1os !e ag/as . *a$a$t a(es e$tre (as 6+o'as !e 1/$ o 4asta $o) e*,re '/a$!o se $ ' a$ (as 6+o'as !e ((/) a5 Por este *ot )o (a )egeta' 3$ 7/e +ro)ee a( *e$ta' 3$ a (a &a/$a s ()estre aK$ +/e!e a(,ergar (a 'arga a$ *a( 7/e s e*+re e8 st 35 La e8tra'' 3$ !e *a!era es ! & '/(ta!a +or e( re( e)e !e (a serra$-a0 (a /t ( 2a' 3$ !e a(g/$as *a!eras +ara 'o$str/'' 3$ !e ) ) e$!as !e( (/gar es restr $g !a +or &a(ta !e'a* $os )e' $a(es . (a & ! '/(ta! !e tr%$s to )e4 '/(ar5
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INCLUSI(N DE ES%ECIES ) RECURSOS GENUTICOS AMENA9ADOS.7
Los re'/rsos ge$6t 'os s ()estres se e$'/e$tra$ e$tre (os re'/rsos e'o$3* 'os *%s ta$g ,(es 7/e (a 4/*a$ !a! o,t e$e !e (a ! )ers !a! , o(3g 'a5 S $ e*,argo0 so$ */. )/($era,(es &re$te a( +ro'eso a'e(era!o !e !estr/'' 3$ !e 4%, tats5 M/'4as 'o*, $a' o$es !e ge$es est%$ restr $g !os a /$a o +o'as +o,(a' o$es 7/e a( ser !estr/ !as0 se + er!e$ rre)ers ,(e*e$te 'ara'ter-st 'as ge$6t 'as Kt (es +ara (a es+e' e0 a/$7/e esta sea !e a,/$!a$te ! str ,/' 3$5 E( 'o$t $e$te S/! a*er 'a$o0 'o*o 'e$tro !e ! )ers !a! . )ar a' 3$ ge$6t 'a esta 'o$s !era!o 'o*o reser)or o !e ger*o+(as*a +ara to!o e( */$!o0 !o$!e se 4a$ !e$t & 'a!o tres 'e$tros !e ! )ers !a! ge$6t 'a5 Por s/ /, 'a' 3$ geogr%& 'a0 <o( ) a esta !e$tro !e !os gra$!es Ce$tros0 (a reg 3$ A$! $a . (a reg 3$ !e( A*a2o$as O Or $o'o5 La 'o$ser)a' 3$ $ s t/ 'o*o *e! o *as ) a,(e . seg/ro !e *a$te$er a (argo +(a2o re'/rsos & (oge$6t 'os !e +o,(a' o$es s ()estres0 ser% +os ,(e a tra)6s !e (a se(e'' 3$ !e 2o$as !eter* $a!as (,a$'os ge$6t 'os) e$ %rea +roteg !as55 Do$!e se *a$te$ga$ (as 'o$! ' o$es e'o(3g 'as 7/e +er* ta$ (a so,re ) )e$' a . (a e)o(/' 3$ !e (as es+e' es5 Se t e$e +(e$o 'o$o' * e$to0 7/e e8 ste$ es+e' es s ()estres !e $ter6s +ara rea( 2ar e( *a$te$ * e$to . (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ !e (a )ar a, ( !a! ge$6t 'a !e (as * s*as0 e$ es+e' a( a7/e((as es+e' es s ()estres !e +(a$tas a( *e$t ' as o +(a$tas *e! ' $a(es0 !e ta( *a$era 7/e +/e!a$ ser e8+(ota!os +ara (a se(e'' 3$ '/a$!o se 'rea 'o$)e$ e$te0 $! 'ar ta*, e$ 7/e e$ (a +arte !e &a/$a0 ta*, e$ se '/e$ta 'o$ es+e' es 7/e t e$e$ (as * s*as 'ara'ter-st 'as a s/s +ar e$tes !o*est 'a!os5 -I %OTENCIALIDADES.7
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DI-ERSIDAD ,IOLOGICA %RESER-ADAS NATURALMENTE ) %OR EL FOM,RE
Los $! ' os !e /$a a(ta ! )ers !a! , o(3g 'a !e &a/$a . &(ora !e (a reg 3$0 (a e8 ste$' a !e ,os7/es +o'o $ter)e$ !os0 *ot )a$ e *+/(sa$ a( !esarro((o !e a't ) !a!es ' e$t-& 'as e$ (a 2o$a5 La e8/,era$te *asa ,os'osa +ro)ee ser) ' os a*, e$ta(es (Ca+t/ra !e 'ar,o$o0 s/ste$to !e re'/rsos 4-!r 'os)0 +ara e( !e+arta*e$to !e C4/7/ sa'a0 a( 'o$)ert rse e$ /$ *+orta$te reser)or o !e &(ora . &a/$a s ()estre5 A( e$'o$trarse aK$ e( %rea 'o$ +o'a $ter)e$' 3$ !e ase$ta* e$tos 4/*a$os . !o$!e e8 ste$0 aK$ $o es a&e'ta!o e$ gra$ *ag$ t/! (as %reas0 esto 'orro,ora e( $&or*e rea( 2a!o +or <OLFOR e$ e( aLo @FFF !o$!e *e$' o$a 7/e e( %rea !e Ma'4aret- to!a) a 'o$ta,a 'o$ /$ >D5CZ !e *o$tes ) rge$es5 La , o! )ers !a! es r 'a e$ to!os (os as+e'tos $at/ra(es .a 7/e segK$ se 'o$stata (a e8 ste$' a !e %r,o(es *agest/osos . (a +rese$' a !e a$ *a(es s ()estres segK$ $arra$ (os g/-as $o )ar a s g$ & 'at )a*e$te e$ (os K(t *os @F aLos0 +ese a 7/e se rea( 2a (a 'a2a . ta(a +ara s/,s ste$' a a $ )e( &a* ( ar . e$ +e7/eLa es'a(a5 La 'o$' e$' a !e +reser)a' 3$ . *a$e1o a$'estra( (os +o,(a!ores !e (a ! st $tas 'o*/$ !a!es . (as reg(a*e$ta' o$es $ter$as !e (as TCO0 gara$t 2a$ 7/e (a $ter)e$' 3$ !e +ro.e'tos te$ga$ /$a a+ro,a' 3$ ge$era( !e (as Ca+ ta$-as . APG . se gara$t 2a (a $o a&e'ta' 3$ !e( Me! o5A*, e$te5
DI-ERSIDAD DE %AISAJES
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E( +a sa1 s*o $at/ra( . re( 7/ as 4 st3r 'as e8 ste$tes +/e!e$ ser /$ %rea !e a't ) !a!es t/r-st 'as . !e est/! os +ro&/$!os !e (a , o! )ers !a! e$ (a serra$-a5 La ! )ers !a! !e a*, e$tes aso' a!os a( )ar a!o gra! e$te (at t/! $a( !e( %rea +/es esta se 'o$st t/.e e$ (/gares !e /$ gra$ )a(or t/r-st 'o5 Las &or*a' o$es geo(3g 'as 4a$ 4e'4o /$a $& $ !a! !e 'aLo$es 7/e e$ s/s +artes *as ,a1as 4a. &or*as !e 'o,ert/ra )egeta( 7/e se 4a'e$ K$ 'os e$ (a reg 3$ a esto 'o$tr ,/.e (a ! & ' ( $a''es , ( !a! . +or (o ta$to +rote'toras !e (a &a/$a0 7/e e$ (o &/t/ro se +/e!e$ a+ro)e'4ar . 7/e se 'o$) erta$ e$ atra't )os t/r st 'os5 5 ENDEMISMOS
E( ,/e$ esta!o !e 'o$ser)a' 3$ !e estos 4a, tats +er* te (a e8 ste$' a !e es+e' es e$!6* 'as . esto 4a'e 7/e +/e!a !e a(g/$a *a$era +ro)o'ar a( t/r s*o0 a (a $)est ga' 3$5 : ES%ECIES DE FAUNA ) FLORA AMENA9ADAS.
E$ e( rea !e est/! o se e$'/e$tra$ es+e' es a*e$a2a!as0 +ero 7/e 'o$ (a +o'a $ter)e$' 3$ !e( 4o*,re 4a' a esta0 4a'e 7/e (as es+e' es a*e$a2a!as se +reser)e$ . +/e!a$ ser est/! a!as o $se$t )a!as $at/ra(*e$te a 're' * e$to e$ $K*ero5 = ENTORNO INSTITUCIONAL FA-ORA,LE
E( e$tor$o $st t/' o$a( . so' a( es */. &a)ora,(e0 'o$ a*+( a ! s+os ' 3$ !e +arte !e +o,(a!ores orga$ 2a' o$es terr tor a(es !e ,ase . a/tor !a!es !e (os */$ ' + os $)o(/'ra!os0 7/e &a' ( tara e( !esarro((o !e a't ) !a!es !e 'o$ser)a' 3$0 e!/'a' 3$ a*, e$ta( . !esarro((o s/ste$ta,(e e$ (a 2o$a $)o(/'ra!a5 E$ es+e' a( (as Co*/$ !a!es g/ara$-es ase$ta!as e$ (a 2o$a 7/e 'o$ser)a$ /$ a'er)o '/(t/ra(0 4 st3r 'o . re( g oso e$ &re$te a (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ . s/ !eseo !e &or*ar +arte a't )a !e (a gest 3$ . +rote'' 3$ !e( %rea5
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-ALOR FISTORICO
Ba(ores 4 st3r 'os !e (a g/erra !e( '4a'o0 e( 'o$&( 'to ,6( 'o ! (/' !a!o e$tre (a re+/,( 'a !e <o( ) a . Parag/a. !e1o )est g os 7/e se 'o$) erte$ e$ +ote$' a(es t/r st 'o5 @ %OTENCIAL GENUTICO
La 'o$1/$' 3$ !e e'os ste*as +roteg !as +or &or*a' o$es !e CaLo$es0 a, ertos e$ e( '/a(0 a(,erga /$a $& $ !a! )i(e!si)a) )e es$e"ies 'o$ re(a' 3$ a (os 4%, tats . gra! e$tes a*, e$ta(es !e$t & 'a!os0 7/e resa(ta$ e$ s/ r 7/e2a !e &(ora . &a/$a0 'ara'ter-st 'a 7/e +/e!e 'o$tr ,/ r a 7/e e( %rea se 'o$st t/.a e$ /$ *+orta$te reser)or o !e re'/rsos ge$6t 'os5 -II %RO%UESTA DE CATEGORIA DE MANEJO %ARA LA SERRANIA E( rea !e (a Serra$-a !e( Ag/arag/e +rese$ta $ota,(es 'o$trastes , 3t 'os . a, 3t 'os !e$tro !e( * s*o0 'oe8 ste$ 2o$as !e a(to )a(or e'o(3g 'o . +a sa1-st 'o 'o$ otras ' erta*e$te !egra!a!as +ero e$ *e$or es'a(a0 e$ s/ *a.or +arte +or (a a't ) !a! agros ()o+astor ( . &oresta( ($o s g$ & 'at )o)0 *a$ &esta$!o e$ ge$era( /$ ,/e$ esta!o !e 'o$ser)a' 3$ 'o$ )ar os +ote$' a(es . )a(ores $at/ra(es !e $ter6s ' e$t-& 'o +ara s/ 'o$ser)a' 3$0 so,re (os 7/e es $e'esar o esta,(e'er *e! !as !e 'o$ser)a' 3$ &re$te a (as a*e$a2as 7/e e1er'e$ so,re e((os +res o$es !e ! )ersa -$!o(e5 E$ e( $&or*e rea( 2a!o +or <OLFOR e$ e( aLo @FFF ta*, 6$ $os !a /$a !ea !e 'o$ser)a' 3$ 7/e a+ro8 *a!a*e$te &/e >D5CZ !e *otes )-rge$es5 S , e$ (os res/(ta!os , o(3g 'os0 so' oMe'o$3* 'os a('a$2a!os 4a$ s !o !eter* $a$tes +ara (a 'ategor 2a' 3$0 estos res/(ta!os ta*, 6$ $os e) !e$' aro$ (a gra$ /rge$' a . $e'es !a! !e 'o$ser)ar . *a$e1ar (os re'/rsos $at/ra(es e8 ste$tes e$ to!a e( %rea !e est/! o 7/e o'/+a$ (os e'os ste*as e$ (a reg 3$5 Por otro (a!o0 e8 ste /$a !ea ,asta$te '(ara !e '/a(es so$ (as %reas +r or tar as a 'o$ser)ar . 7/e es $e'esar o *+(e*e$tar +(a$es 'o$'retos +ara (ograr 7/e estas %reas sea$ e&e't )a*e$te 'o$ser)a!as . +roteg !as5 Esta !e' s 3$ +er* t r%
98
e(e)ar (a 'a( !a! !e (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ !e (a , o! )ers !a! . gara$t 2ar (a s/ste$ta, ( !a! !e (os /sos !e s/s 'o*+o$e$tes0 +art e$!o !e( !ere'4o !e (as 'o*/$ !a!es so,re s/s re'/rsos $at/ra(es0 . !e (as $or*as . +o(-t 'as e8 ste$tes5 Co$o' e$!o 7/e (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ !e (a ! )ers !a! , o(3g 'a se ,asa e$ (a +re)e$' 3$ !e r esgos !e !eter oro a*, e$ta( $o as/* ,(e a &/t/ro0 es !e' r 7/e e8'e!a$ (os /*,ra(es esta,(e' !os +ara (os +ar%*etros !e seg/ * e$to !e( esta!o !e 'o$ser)a' 3$ !e( %rea +ro+/esta0 &re$te a( a)a$'e !e (os +ro'esos !e a$tro+ 2a' 3$ !e (os e'os ste*as $at/ra(es0 *ar'a!os +or (a eros 3$0 (a +6r! !a !e 4%, tats . !e (os )a(ores , o(3g 'os0 e$tra$ e$ 1/ego (as +ers+e't )as !eP a. Prote'' 3$ a!e'/a!a !e (os es+a' os 7/e $'(/.e$ (os 4%, tats +r *or! a(es +ara (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ !e (as es+e' es !e &a/$a . &(ora5 /. Las aso' a' o$es )egeta(es0 'o*o 'o*, $a' o$es &(or-st 'as
or g $a(es0 7/e &or*a$ +arte !e (a ! )ers !a! !e 4%, tat 7/e es $e'esar o 'o$ser)ar5 c. La or e$ta' 3$ !e( !esarro((o r/ra( 4a' a & g/ras !e +rote'' 3$5 Es+a' o !o$!e !e,e$ o+erar (as ! re'tr 'es +ara (a or!e$a' 3$ !e (os re'/rsos $at/ra(es0 'o*o $str/*e$tos 7/e +ro'/rara$ /$ $ )e( !e 'o$ser)a' 3$ a'e+ta,(e e$ to!o e( %rea . &a' ( te$ e( 68 to !e (as *e! !as !e +rote'' 3$ a /$a es'a(a *as re!/' !a0 'o$) rt 6$!ose ase$ /$a !e (as 4erra* e$tas !3$eas . $e'esar as +ara (a +(a$ & 'a' 3$ !e( *a$e1o !e (os re'/rsos $at/ra(es !e( %rea5 A't/a(*e$te e8 ste /$ es&/er2o $a' o$a( +ara (a 'rea' 3$ !e Corre!ores e'o(3g 'os 1/$to a( ANMI !e( Ag/arag/e Tar 1a e$ (a +arte s/r . e$ e( $orte a (a !e Sa$ta Cr/2 7/e to!o esto a s/ )e2 'o$&or*ar-a /$ gra$ 'orre!or a $ )e( $a' o$a(5 Lo '/a( +er* t r% o+t * 2ar (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ < o&-s 'a !e to!o este 'orre!or e'o(3g 'o +or e$'o$trarse /, 'a!as !e$tro !e( * s*o es'os s te*a 'o$ /$ !esarro((o !e ! $%* 'as e'o(3g 'as se*e1a$tes !e *a$era 7/e s/ 'o*+(e*e$ta' 3$ te$!r a e(e)a!as tasas !e 'o*+at , ( !a!5
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JUSTIFICACION
E( %rea !e est/! o !e 1/st & 'a' 3$ +osee /$ >DZ !e ,os7/es $at/ra(es s $ !e&oresta' 3$0 (o '/a( a*er ta 7/e se +reser)e atra)es !e (as reg(a*e$ta' o$es $a' o$a(es ) ge$tes +ara s/ /so soste$ ,(e !o$!e (as &ro$teras $at/ra(es aK$ se *a$te$ga$ $ta'tas5 SegK$ , ,( ogra&-a 'o$s/(ta!a0 e$ otras reg o$es !e g/a( 'ara'ter-st 'a a( %rea !e est/! o (Des'r tas e$ CITES a+6$! 'e I0 II A BU +or (a UICN . e( L ,ro Ro1o!e (os Berte,ra!os !e <o( ) a)0 e8 ste$ es+e' es 'o$ a(to r esgo !e e8t $' 3$ +or (a so,re e8+(ota' 3$ $'o$tro(a!a !e )egeta' 3$ . a$ *a(es s ()estres0 +or e$!e (a reg 3$ !e (a serra$-a !e( Ag/aragYe e$ e( */$ ' + o !e Ma'4aret aK$ se (a 'o$s !era )-rge$ +or (a 'a$t !a! . )ar e!a! !e es+e' es &(or-st 'as0 )egetat )a . &a/$-st 'a0 4a,r% !e to*ar e$ 'o$s !era' 3$ (a +ro+/esta 'o*o /$ ANMI +ara (a +reser)a' 3$ !e (a ) !a s ()estre . &/e$te !e *ater a( ge$6t 'o +ara /$a re+o,(a* e$to $at/ra(5 Lo +a sa1 st 'o t e$e$ /$ +ote$' a( e$or*e +ara ser e8+(ota!o 'o*o e'ot/r s*o0 .a 7/e se +/e!e a+re' ar %reas !e $ g/a(a,(e ,e((e2a $at/ra( 7/e %/$ $o 4a te$ !o (a $ter)e$' 3$ 'o$sta$te . +er*a$e$te !e( 4o*,re . 7/e e$ */. +o'os (/gares !e( */$!o . <o( ) a to!a)-a se o,ser)a$ (/gares !e ! )ers & 'a' 3$ !e 2o$as e$ /$a * s*a reg 3$0 !es!e (os ((a$os '4a7/eLos 4asta (as %reas !e + e !e *o$te o !e tra$s ' 3$0 !o$!e 'a!a se'tor +osee s/ +art '/(ar !a! . es+e' es +ro+ as !e( (/garA e( t/r s*o +ara 'o$o'er (as 'ost/*,res !e (os +o,(a!ores !e( se'tor 7/e aK$ 'o$ser)a$ (as 'ara'ter-st 'as g/ara$-es e$ a(g/$as reg o$es0 (as 4 stor as . %reas !o$!e se !esarro((3 (a g/erra !e( '4a'o0 (os ase$ta* e$tos 4/*a$os e$ (as 6+o'as !e (a 'o(o$ 2a' 3$0 . /$ s $ $K*ero !e (/gares ((egar-a a ser /$ + (ar *+orta$te e$ (a e'o$o*-a !e (a reg 3$ a( a+ortar $gresos e'o$3* 'os atra)es !e &/e$tes !e tra,a1o g/-as t/r-st 'os5 E( $tera't/ar !e( I$! ge$a G/ara$ 'o$ s/ e$ter$o es */. *+orta$te e$ esta 1/st & 'a' 3$ .a 7/e estos so,re) )e$ !e ese s/ e$tor$o +or (o ta$to e$ /$ +ro'eso !e aLos 4a ((ega!o a /$ e$te$! * e$to e$tre 4o*,re . $at/ra(e2a !o$!e 'o*o /$a es+e' e !e 'o$trato es e( res+eto a( *e! o a*, e$te 59So(o se to*a (o $e'esar o:5
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De a'/er!o a (os a$te'e!e$tes0 +ote$' a( !a!es0 a*e$a2as . (as 'ara'ter-st 'as !e( %rea0 'o*o asta*, 6$ a( esta!o !e 'o$ser)a' 3$0 ,asa!o +r $' +a(*e$te e$ (os )a(ores !e 'o$ser)a' 3$ . (os +ote$' a(es e8 ste$tes (a 'ategor-a !e +rote'' 3$ 7/e se +ro+o$e +ara e( %rea e$ est/! o es !eP AAR'A +A=>RA )' MA+'?9 I+='GRA)9 + AREA NATURAL DE MANEJO INTEGRADO "SERRANIA DEL
AGUARAGUE$ +.' &2ea Natu2a! de Mane0o Inte62ado
La 'ategor-a !e %rea !e *a$e1o $tegra!o !e+arta*e$ta(0 */$ ' +a( o $a' o$a(0 t e$e +or o,1eto 'o*+at , ( 2ar (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ !e (a ! )ers !a! , o(3g 'a . e( !esarro((o soste$ ,(e !e (a +o,(a' 3$ (o'a(0 'o$st t/.e /$ *osa 'o !e /$ !a!es 7/e $'(/.e$ */estras re+rese$tat )as !e e'oreg o$es0 +ro) $' a , ogeogr%& 'as0 'o*/$ !a!es o es+e' es !e &(ora . &a/$a !e s $g/(ar *+orta$' a0 2o$as !e s ste*as tra! ' o$a(es !e /so !e (a t erra0 2o$as +ara /so *K(t +(e !e re'/rsos $at/ra(es . 2o$a $K'(eo !e +rote'' 3$ estr 'ta5 E$ esta %rea se +o!r% *+o$er +ro4 , ' o$es0 restr '' o$es . $or*as !e /so0 as- 'o*o esta,(e'er $'e$t )os a & $ !e *a$te$er (a +er+et/ !a! !e( %rea . !e s/s re'/rsos5 Se trata e$ ge$era( !e 2o$as a+ro+ a!as +ara (a +ro!/'' 3$ ga$a!era0 &oresta(0 !e &a/$a !e )a(or 'o*er' a(0 . otros5 Esta & g/ra ta*, 6$ +re)6 (a +os , ( !a! !e sa()ag/ar!ar (os , e$es . )a(ores $at/ra(es e8 ste$tes . s/ e$tor$o0 *e! a$te e( esta,(e' * e$to !e /$ 'o$1/$to !e $or*as0 . reg(a*e$ta' o$es te$! e$tes a or!e$ar (as a't ) !a!es . /sos e$ e( es+a' o . e) tar (a o'/+a' 3$ . (a so,ree8+(ota' 3$ $! s'r * $a!a !e (os re'/rsos5
+.+ +.+.'
O/0eti1os O/0eti1o Gene2a!
101
Co$ser)ar (a ! )ers !a! , o(3g 'a !e (os e'os ste*as !e( rea Nat/ra( !e Ma$e1o I$tegra!o 9Serra$-a !e( Ag/arag/e:5 +.+.+ O/0eti1os Es3ec4ficos
Co$ser)ar (os )a(ores so,resa( e$tes . r 7/e2a !e &a/$a0 &(ora0 re'/rsos ge$6t 'os . es+e' es s ()estres e$ )-as !e e8t $' 3$5 Preser)ar (as %reas $at/ra(es +ara e( !esarro((o !e est/! os e $)est ga' o$es ' e$t-& 'as5 Proteger (as serra$-as !e( Ag/arag/e 'o*o es+a' o +ro!/'tor !e , e$es . ser) ' os a*, e$ta(es5 Preser)ar es+a' os es'6$ 'os0 +a sa1-st 'os e 4 st3r 'os +ote$' a(es +ara e( !esarro((o e *+(e*e$ta' 3$ !e a't ) !a!es t/r-st 'as5 Co*+at , ( 2ar (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ . e( !esarro((o soste$ ,(e !e (as 'o*/$ !a!es e I$! ge$as G/ara$ s $)o(/'ra!as e$ e( %rea +roteg !a5
%RO%UESTA DE 9ONIFICACI(N %RELIMINAR.7
Otorga!a (a 'ategor-a . & g/ra !e +rote'' 3$ !e( %rea0 a tra)6s !e (a !eter* $a' 3$ !e (os es+a' os a +roteger 'o*o rea Nat/ra( !e Ma$e1o I$tegra!o (ANMI) a e&e'tos !e reg/(ar (os /sos . a't ) !a!es e$ (as ! st $tas 2o$as . (os 'r ter os !e gest 3$ 7/e 4a,r%$ !e seg/ rse5 Se rea( 2o (a 2o$ & 'a' 3$0 res/(ta!o !e (a a+( 'a' 3$ !e ! )ersos a$%( s s . 'r ter os so,re (a ,ase !e (os est/! os ,%s 'os !e &(ora0 &a/$a . as+e'tos so' oe'o$3* 'os5 So,re (a ,ase !e 'r ter os !e &/$' o$a( !a! !e +a sa1es . s ste*as e'o(3g 'os !e( tota( !e (os =F=C0S@ H*@0 esta,(e'e /$ %rea !e CID0C@ R*@ 7/e es e( %rea !e a*ort g/a* e$to ,a1o (a & g/ra !e +rote'' 3$ !e Par7/e0 +or s/ a(to )a(or e'o(3g 'o . ' e$t-& 'o0 '/.o o,1et )o es (a +rote'' 3$ estr 'ta . +er*a$e$te !e (os e'os ste*as . !e (os re'/rsos !e &(ora . &a/$a0 e$ esta %rea se !e$t & 'o /$ $K'(eo !e +rote'' 3$5 Res+e'to a s/ /, 'a' 3$ se t e$e$ (as s g/ e$tes re&ere$' asP
102
N<c!eoP E( $K'(eo se e$'/e$tra a( Ce$tro !e( %rea +ro+/esta0 so,re (a serra$-a !e( Ag/arag/e0 t e$e /$a s/+er& ' e a+ro8 *a!a !e @CD0DF H*@5
-III FICFA TECNICA
AREA NATURAL DE MANEJO INTEGRADO SERRANIA DEL AGUARAGUE "ategor!a rea !e Ma$e1o I$tegra!o 9Serra$-a !e( Ag/arag/e: >bicacin De+arta*e$to !e C4/7/ sa'a0 Pro) $' a L/ s Ca()o0 M/$ ' + o !e
103
*uperficie !mites
Ma'4aret 5 T e$e /$a s/+er& ' e tota( !e =F=C0S@ H*@A CID0C@ H*@ 'orres+o$!e$ a( rea !e A*ort g/a* e$to . @CD0DF H*@ a( rea !e( NK'(eo5 A( $orte 'o$ e( De+arta*e$to !e Sa$ta Cr/20 *as +ro+ a*e$te 'o$ e( R-o C/e)o +ro(o$g%$!ose 4a' a e( este +or (a (-$ea ( *-tro&e 'o$ e( !e+arta*e$to !e Sa$ta Cr/2 A( s/r 'o$ e( De+arta*e$to !e Tar 1a0 *as +ro+ a*e$te 'o$ (a (-$ea ( *-tro&e !e este !e+arta*e$to A( oeste 'o$ e( M/$ ' + o !e N/a'a.a0 e*+e2a$!o !es!e e( $orte 'o$ e( r-o C/e)o0 'o$t $/a$!o 'o$ (a (-$ea ! ) sor a */$ ' +a( !e( */$ ' + o !e N/a'a.a 4asta e$'o$trarse 'o$ (-$ea ! ) sor a !e+arta*e$ta( !e( De+arta*e$to !e Tar 1a5 A( este esta !e( * ta!a e*+e2a$!o !es!e e( $orte +or (a (-$ea ! ) sor a De+arta*e$ta( 'o$ Sa$ta Cr/20 . 'o$ 'o$ +arte !e (a 'arretera I$ter$a' o$a( 7/e /$e a <o( ) a 'o$ Arge$t $a5 L(a$/ra0 2o$a !e tra$s ' 3$ . s/,a$! $o SFF a =SFF *s$* Jucu8a2i (T!e&a!"t s !natus5% %u8a 6Pu&a " n" l !5 Ti62e 6Pant.e!a n"a5% Gato Montes 6On"i'elis ,e ''! *i5% )a6ua2und4 6He!$ailu!us *a,ua! n)i5% Anta 6Ta$i!us te!!est!is5% Lo/ito de 24o 6L nt!a '&. l n,i"au)is)0 Mono Ma2t4n 6Cebus a$ella5% Mono Au!!ado2 6Al uatta "a!a*a5% Taitet< 6Ta*assu ta<a"u5% T2o3e2o 6Ta*assu $e"a!i)0 9o22o andino 6Pseu)al $e: s$5 . e( %e2e;oso 6B!a)*$us (a!ie,atus)A e$tre (as a)es te$e*osP (a %a2a/a F2ente Ro0a (A!a &ilita!is5% Ca!ancate 6A!atin,a a"uti"au)a5% %a1a de Monte Co8<n 6Penel $e bs"u!a5% Tuc?n 6Ra&$.ast s t " 5% Cndo2 de !os Andes 6>ultu! ,!*$.us5 . e( A1e Li2a (Eu!*$*,a .elias)A Ced2o (Ce)!ela lill i)0 No6a! (?u,lans aust!alis)0 La3acNo (Tabebuia la$a". )0 Gue/2acNo Co!o2ao (S".in $sis 3ueb!a". 4" l !a) 5 Co$ser)ar (a ! )ers !a! , o(3g 'a !e (os e'os ste*as !e( rea Nat/ra( !e Ma$e1o I$tegra!o 9Serra$-a !e( Ag/arag/e:5 Co$ser)ar )a(ores so,resa( e$tes . r 7/e2a !e &a/$a0 &(ora0 re'/rsos ge$6t 'os . es+e' es s ()estres e$ )-as !e e8t $' 3$5 Preser)ar %reas $at/ra(es +ara e( !esarro((o !e a't ) !a!es !e $)est ga' 3$ ' e$t-& 'a5
'cosistemas Rango altitudinal 'species representativas de 1auna
'species representativas de 1lora 9b4etivo General 9b4etivos 'spec!ficos
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Proteger a (a serra$-a !e( 9Ag/arag/e: 'o*o es+a' o +ro!/'tor !e , e$es . ser) ' os a*, e$ta(es5 Preser)ar es+a' os es'6$ 'os0 +a sa1-st 'os e 4 st3r 'os +ote$' a(es +ara e( !esarro((o e *+(e*e$ta' 3$ !e a't ) !a!es t/r-st 'as5 Co*+at , ( 2ar (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ . e( !esarro((o soste$ ,(e !e (as 'o*/$ !a!es $)o(/'ra!as e$ e( %rea +roteg !a5 Atractivos Ba(or 4 stor 'o !e (a reg 3$ +or (a g/erra !e( C4a'o5 =ur!sticos CaLo$es 'o$ )ar e!a! !e &a/$a . &(ora5 R os 7/e t e$e$ )ar e!a! !e &or*a' o$es !e 'as'a!as5 F/e$teP E(a,ora' 3$ +ro+ a5
IX CONCLUSIONES La 'rea' 3$ !e( rea Proteg !a +er* t ra Aseg/rar (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ !e (a ! )ers !a! , o(3g 'a . '/(t/ra( . (a +ro!/'' 3$ soste$ ,(e !e , e$es . ser) ' os a*, e$ta(es +ara e( Desarro((o E'o$3* 'o0 So' a( . A*, e$ta( !e (as ge$era' o$es a't/a(es . &/t/ras5
105
La e8 ste$' a !e 'o$' e$' a a*, e$ta( (a$'estra() e$ (a +o,(a' 3$ (o'a( 'o$!/1o a( *a$e1o . /so soste$ ,(e !e (os re'/rsos $at/ra(es !e (a 2o$a 7/e +er* t o 7/e (a 2o$a !e est/! o se *a$te$ga 'o$ $ )e(es !e 'o$ser)a' o$ rea(at )a*e$te ,/e$a5 La reg 3$ !e Ma'4aret- +osee $ter)e$' 3$ !e 4/*a$os e$ +e7/eLa es'a(a e$ (o 7/e se re & ere a( + e !e *o$te 4a' a (a serra$-as a(tas0 se o,ser)a$ +o'os '4a'os e$ +e$! e$tes . se e) !e$' a e( +astoreo !e )a'/$os e$ +e7/eLa +ro+or' 3$5 E$ e( se'tor !e (a ((a$/ra '4a7/eLa0 (os ase$ta* e$tos so$ *%s a'e$t/a!os . (a a't ) !a! agro+e'/ar a es e$ &or*a 'as $te$s )a0 !o$!e (as %reas 4a, ( ta!as +ara ta( e&e'to so$ !e *a.or +ro+or' 3$5 Los *o$tes ) s ta!os 4a' a (as serra$-a +rese$ta /$ a(to +or'e$ta1e !e )egeta' 3$ $at/ra( 'o$ +o'a a&e'ta' 3$ !e %r,o(es *a!era,(e 7/e .a 4a$ '/*+( !o s/ 're' * e$to 3+t *o !e a'/er!o a( ! a*etro *%8 *o a+ro8 *a!o . e!a!0 estos so$ ta(a!os0 ta,(o$ea!os . tras(a!a!os e$ &or*a *a$/a( +ara e( /so !e 'o$str/'' o$es !e ) ) e$!as !e (os +o,(a!ores0 a s/ )e2 e8 ste$ e$ e( se'tor !e Ma'4aret- . <o./ ,e 7/e 'o*er' a( 2a$ */e,(es 'o$ *a!eras e8tra !as e$ &or*a $&or*a( . s $ ser so*et !os a (os ara$'e(es $a' o$a(es !e e8tra$'' 3$ !e +ro!/'tos *a!era,(es5 La )egeta' 3$ $at/ra( e$ (as %reas !e (a serra$-a se e$'/e$tra $ta'ta e$ ,ase a( +ote$' a( , oge$6t 'o 7/e gara$t 2ar% (a 'o$t $/ !a! !e( e'os ste*a . 7/e es /$ 4a, ta! $at/ra( +ara (a gra$ )ar a, ( !a! !e (a &a/$a s ()estre5
E( e'ot/r s*o e$ (a a't/a( !a! est% ( * ta!o a (os 4a, ta$tes !e (a reg 3$0 esto se !e,e a (a &a(ta !e *e'a$ s*os 7/e gara$t 'e$ (a seg/r !a! &-s 'a . a*, e$ta( !e (as +erso$as e$ (as e8+e! ' o$es 4a, a e( $ter or !e( Ag/aragYe0 a s/ )es e8 ste /$a +o(-t 'a 'erra!a !e (as TCO . 'o*/$ !a!es 7/e +ro4 ,e$ e( $greso !e +erso$as a1e$as a s/s ' r'/(os so' a(es +ara e( '/a(7/ er +/$to5
$greso a (as 2o$as !e*ar'a!as0
resr str $g e$!o !e esta *a$era e( t/r s*o +ara +erso$as 7/e 4a'e$ +as'a$a e$
106
La 2o$a !e est/! o +rese$ta (/gares +a sa1-st 'os0 es'6$ 'os0 4 st3r 'os 'o$ /$ +ote$' a( t/r-st 'o 7/e +o!r-a ge$erar re'/rsos e'o$3* 'os a tra)6s !e e*+re$! * e$tos !e +ro.e'tos re(a' o$a!os 'o$ este r/,ro a'or!es a /$ +(a$ !e *a$e1o a!e'/a!o Pro*o)er (a $tera'' 3$ 'o$ otras %reas +roteg !as !e( +a-s . +r $' +a(*e$te 'o$ e( rea Proteg !a !e( Ag/arag/e e$ e( !e+arta*e$to !e Tar 1a 7/e +er* ta a e( $ter'a*, o !e $&or*a' 3$0 e8+er e$' as . otras a't ) !a!es re(a' o$a!as 'o$ (a 'o$ser)a' 3$ . *a$e1o !e (os re'/rsos $at/ra(es . '/(t/ra(es5
RECOMENDACIONES Ge$erar /$ +(a$ !e *a$e1o a!e'/a!o 'o$ (a +art ' +a' 3$ a't )a !e (os a'tores ' ) (es0 +ara (o '/a( se !e,er%$ 'rear (as 'o$! ' o$es $e'esar as +ara &a' ( tar e $'or+orar !e este *o!o !e *a$era a't )a a (a So' e!a! C ) (0 a tra)6s !e (a +ro*o' 3$ . &orta(e' * e$to !e (as orga$ 2a' o$es 'o*/$ tar as0 $st t/' o$es0 a/tor !a!es0 et'5
107
Pro*o)er +rogra*as . +ro.e'tos !e e!/'a' 3$ a*, e$ta( 7/e +er* ta$ &orta(e'er . ge$erar /$a 'o$' e$' a a*, e$ta( .a e8 ste$te e$ (a +o,(a' o$5 Fo*e$tar e( e'ot/r s*o atra)e2 !e a(g/$a e$t !a! g/,er$a*e$ta( .Jo +r )a!a !e$tro !e( %rea 7/e se e$'arg/e !e (os +er* sos 'o$ (os +o,(a!ores . gara$t 'e e( '/ !a!o !e( *e! o a*, e$te0 e( , e$estar !e (as +erso$as . +ro+or' o$ar $&or*a' 3$ +ara 'a!a t +o !e t/r stas . & $a( !a!es !e (a e8'/rs o$es5 Pro+o$er *a$e1o $tegra( !e *o$te atra)es !e +(a$ & 'a' o$es !e 'a$t !a! !e a$ *a(es !e 4atos ga$a!eros 1/st & 'a,(es +ara (a s/,s te$' a !e (os 4a, ta$tes !e (as reg o$es $)o(/'ra!as5 P(a$ & 'ar est/! os !e 'a+a' ta' 3$ !e re'/+era' 3$ !e '4a'os e$ ,ar,e'4os0 !e esta *a$era se e) tar% (a 4a, ( ta' 3$ !e $/e)as %reas +ara '/(t )os5 Dotar !e & $a$' a* e$to +ara (a 'o$str/'' 3$ !e a(a*,ra!os0 !e esta *a$era se e) tar% 7/e se ta(e$ *%s %reas +ara (a re+ara' 3$ !e +otreros 'a!a I aLos5 Co$t $/ar 'o$ (a +r%'t 'a !e e8tra'' 3$ !e *a!eras ,a1o 'r ter os !e *a!/re2 !e (as es+e' es s $ a&e'tar $ +o$er e$ r esgo (as 7/e e$'/e$tra e$ (a ( sta !e CITES0 ta$ so(o +ara (a /t ( 2a' 3$ &a* ( ar . $o +ara (a 'o*er' a( 2a' 3$5 Q/e (os e$tes & s'a( 2a!ores &oresta(es '/*+(a$ 'o$ *%s r g/ros !a! s/s &/$' o$es !e 'o$tro( e$ (as 'ar+ $ter-as . se'tores !e tra$s+orte !e *a!eras5
XI ,I,LIOGRAFIA A28on4a 'DD=5 L sta !e a)es !e <o( ) a ++5= O =>G5 Ase/e * J. 'DD:5Est/! o $tegra!o !e (os re'/rsos $at/ra(es !e( !e+arta*e$to !e C4/7/ sa'a5 Geo(og-a5 P+5 =DM@@5 S/'re5 At!as. +EEE5 Terr tor os I$!-ge$as !e <o( ) aJCIDO<JCPTI ,OLFOR O+EEEP Pro.e'to !e Ma$e1o Foresta( So(te$ ,(e5 <o( ) a
108
,o!i1ia eco!6ica. +EEE5 Et$oe'o(og-a5 F/$!a' 3$ S *3$ I5 Pat Lo E! tores5 Co'4a,a*,a5 @? +5 ,2o[n A. D. * \ F. G2au. 'DD55 La Nat/ra(e2a . e( No*,re e$ (as Se()as !e Mo$taLa5 Pro.e'to GTZ5 Desarro((o Agro&oresta( e$ Co*/$ !a!es !e( Noreste Arge$t $o5 Sa(ta Arge$t $a5 ,2o[n A. et a!. 'DC=5 Est/! o F(or st 'oMEstr/'t/ra( !e /$ Se'tor !e (a Se()a Se* !e' !/a !e( Noreste Arge$t $o5 DarE $ a$a @G(=M?)P@CM?=0 1/$ o =>DS5 ++5 @CM?=5 ,2us \ Lede;8a +EEE5 G/-a !e es'ara,a1os t gres !e <o( ) a (Fa*5 C ' $!e( !ae) CA,IDO D.* CA,IDO M.* FLORES A.* ROGUE JM.* ROSACFER C5 Nat/ra(es Proteg !as5 Arge$t $a CARE. 'DDC5 Car+etas 'o*/$a(es (+(a$ & 'a' 3$ 'o*/$a()5 Centu2in* T. R. \ S2a!0e1ic* I. 'DD>5 Las +(a$tas Kt (es !e Lo*er-o5 <OLFOR0 Ner,ar o !e( Or e$te (USZ) b CICOL E! tores5 Sa$ta Cr/25 ?I? +5 CNu1* ,] Ri1e2a* E] A6ui!a2* F.] Cuasase* F.] Cuasace* I.] Cuasace* J.] Cuasace* J.] So2ioc* J.] Su2u/4* J.] %a2a3aino* J.] ,ai!a!a/a*M.] Su2u/4*%.] ,ai!a/a* E.] )3i* L.] CNu1i2<* J. \ Rod2i6ue;* S. 'DD> 5 Notas so,re a(g/$os *a*-&eros s ()estres !e Lo*er o5 Sa$ta Cr/25 DI +5 Consu!to2es. +EEE5 P(a$ Estrat6g 'o !e Sa(/!0 D str to Mo$teag/!oJCo$s/(tores Aso' a!os CORDECF. 'DC>5 Est/! o I$tegra!o !e Re'/rsos Nat/ra(es !e C4/7/ sa'a5 TOMOSP N !ro(og-a . C( *as (*a+as)5 Co2o %. 'DDD5 E)a(/a' 3$ !e (a &a/$a a'/%t 'a !e (a Lag/$a N (a$!er-a0 (TRANSREDES) Co2o %. +EEE. I$&or*e !e( esta!o a't/a( !e( !e+arta*e$to !e e$to*o(og-a M/seo !e N stor a Nat/ra( O S/'re5 Me*or a @FFF5 ++5 =FI O=FD5 Cue!!a2* E.] Ara*, 2a0 A0 M sere$! $o0 R5A Go$2a(es0 L50 Sor a0 F5A Castro0 G50 Ra*3$0 N5 b Noss0 A5 (s&)5 Ma$/a( !e (a &a/$a 2o'eLa5 ; (!( &e Co$ser)at o$ So' et.5 E! tores5 Sa$ta 'r/25 G> +5 EEIA O'DD@P E8+(ora' 3$ S-s* 'a @MD <(o7/e Ca*+ero Oeste5 Tar 1a <o( ) a 9Ba(ora' 3$ e'o$3* 'a !e reas Proteg !as: A/toresP A$ge(a Mar-a Pe$agos Co$'4a cAMPc . Sara4 Ner$a$!e2 P6re2 EEIA O+EE'P E8+(orta' 3$ S-s* 'a IMD <(o7/e <er*e1o C4/r/*as5 Tar 1a O <o( ) a EEIA O+EE:P E8+(ora' 3$ S-s* 'a IMD Sa$ A$to$ o Norte <(o7/e Ca +e+e$! 5 C4/7/ sa'a O <o( ) a EEIA O+EE=P Per&rora' 3$ !e Po2o N/a'a.a `=5 C4/7/ sa'a O <o( ) a EEIA O+EE=P Po2os e8+(orator o IgYe*,e `=0 `@0 Ì5 C4/7/ sa'a M <o( ) as reas
109
E88ons F. L. 'DDD. Ma*-&eros !e (os <os7/es NK*e!os !e A*6r 'a Tro+ 'a(0 U$a g/-a !e 'a*+o ++5=M@C>5 E26ueta \ Mo2a!es. 'DD>5 L ,ro ro1o !e (os )erte,ra!os !e <o( ) a ++5 =S O I?=5 E1a!uacin eco2e6iona! de! G2an CNaco A8e2icano 7 'a ed 5 M </e$os A res P F/$!a' 3$ B !a S ()estre Arge$t $a P T4e Nat/re Co$ser)a$'.5 F/$!a' 3$ DeS!e( C4a'o P ; (!( &e Co$ser)at o$ So' et.M<o( ) a0 @FFS5 FEDEAGRO. 'DDD. S t/a' 3$ Fe!eagroJMo$teag/!o5 So' oe'o$3* 'o !e (os Aso' a!os !e
Fundacin Mi6ue! Li!!o. 'DDD. Reser)a Na' o$a( !e F(ora . Fa/$a Tar 7/-a5 Sa$ M g/e( !e T/'/*%$5 Arge$t $a5 =I? +5 GARMENDIA A.* SAL-ADOR A.* CRES%O C* GARMENDIA L. O+EE=P E)a(/a' 3$ !e *+a'to a*, e$ta(5 Ma!r !MEs+aLa GianneccNini* D. 'CDC5 N stor a $at/ra(0 et$ogra&-a0 geogra&-a0 ( $gY-st 'a !e( '4a'o <o( ) a$o5 Lore$2o Ca(2a)ar $ E! tor5 Tar 1a5 ?S> +5 Fa!!o * S. 'DD:5 Re(e)a* e$to r%+ !o !e re'/rsos a(ter$at )os5 Reser)a !e ) !a s ()estre R-os <(a$'o . Negro5 Sa$ta Cr/25 >@ ++5 Fe2edia* L.A. 'DDC5 Co$tr ,/' 3$ a( est/! o !e (os +ro!/'tos &oresta(es $o *a!era,(es5 Uso . a+ro)e'4a* e$to !e (as +(a$tas +or 'o*/$ !a!es !e( S/,a$! $o '4/7/ sa7/eLo5 Tes s +ara Mag-ster S' e$t ae5 U$ )ers !a! <o( )ar O U$ )ers !a! I$ter$a' o$a( !e A$!a(/'-a5 S/'re5 D> +5 MALDONADO %.* F^FNE E. O+EE:P At(as !e( gra$ '4a'o A*er 'a$oP Pro.5 9Me$e1o Soste$ ,(e !e (os Re'/rsos Nat/ra(es e$ e( C4a'o S/,a*er 'a$o:5 Arge$t $a Ma!donado* M. 'D@C. Est/! os et$o, o(3g 'os5 De& $ ' 3$0 re(a' o$es . M6to!os !e (a et$o, o(og-a5 E$P La et$o,ot%$ 'a0 tres +/$tos !e ) sta . /$a +ers+e't )a5 A(&re!o <arrera E! tor5 =>C>5 Bera'r/2 ++5 CM==5 MANCOR O+EE= 7 +E'=P %ADEL SAAMI P(a$ Estrat6g 'o !e Desarro((o E'o$3* 'o Lo'a( Coor! ((era5 Sa$ta Cr/2 O <o( ) a Na2osX \ I;u2ieta. 'DD5. G/-a +ara (a I!e$t & 'a' 3$ !e a)es !e Arge$t $a . Ur/g/a. ++5CF O @DF5 Na1a22o* G. 'DD@. Co$tr ,/' 3$ a (a C(as & 'a' 3$ E'o(3g 'a . F(or-st 'a !e (os <os7/es !e <o( ) a5 e$ Re) sta <o( ) a$a !e E'o(og-a . Co$ser)a' 3$ A*, e$ta(5 F/$!a' 3$ S *3$ Pat Lo5 Co'4a,a*,a0 <o( ) a5 +5 IMIC5 %DM MACFARETI O+EE@ L +E''P P(a$ !e Desarro((o M/$ ' +a !e( M/$ ' + o !e Ma'4aret-5 C4/7/ sa'a O <o( ) a %ROMETA* I)A O+EE:P reas +roteg !as!e( !e+arta*e$to !e Tar 1a5 Tar 1a O <o( ) a
110
%ROMETA. SERNA%. O'DDDP D ag3st 'o so' oMa*, e$ta( . +ro+/esta !e 'rea' 3$ !e( 9Par7/e Na' o$a( . rea Nat/ra( !e Ma$e1o I$tegra!o Serra$ a !e( Ag/aragYe:5 Tar 1a O <o( ) a SERNA% O+EE'P Reser)a Nat/ra( !e I$*o) ( 2a' 3$ 9Serra$-a ILao:5 C4/7/ sa'a O <o( ) a Se22ano* M. \ J. Te2?n. +EEE5 I!e$t & 'a' 3$ !e Es+e' es Begeta(es e$ C4/7/ sa'a5 Teor-a0 Pr%'t 'a . Res/(ta!os5 E!5 PLAFOR0 I$ter'oo+erat o$ b F/$!a' 3$ Ce ,o5 C4/7/ sa'a5 =@> +5 SXo1* F. 'DDD5 De& $ $g t4e ( * ts o& s/sta $a, ( t.5 I$tegrat $g ( )e( 4oo! a$! 'o$ser)at o$ o& $at/ra( reso/r'es $ t4e <o( ) a$ A$!es5 DIBA =D +5 So!o8on* J.C. 'DC@5 T4e Mo st S/,tro+ 'a( Mo$ta$e Forests o& T4e Tar 7/-a Reg o$5 De+arta*e$t o& Tar 1a0 <o( ) a5 ?C+5 To!edo* M. 'DD=. Est/! o Et$o,ot%$ 'o !e (os C4 7/ ta$os !e (a Reg 3$ !e Lo*er-o e$ Sa$ta Cr/2M<o( ) a5 Tes s !e Gra!o +ara O+tar a( T-t/(o !e L 'e$' at/ra e$ C e$' as < o(3g 'as5 UAGRM5 Sa$ta Cr/20 <o( ) a5 DS +5 -a26as* L. 'DD>. Et$o,ot%$ 'a !e (as +(a$tas *e! ' $a(es !e (os Mosete$es 7/e ) )e$ e$ (a 'o*/$ !a! !e M/'4a$es5 Tes s !e Gra!o +ara O+tar a( T-t/(o !e L 'e$' at/ra e$ C e$' as < o(3g 'as5 UMSA5 La Pa20 <o( ) a5 === ++5 -i!!e6as* J.] Re es* J.] \ Te22a;as* R. +EEE. _/st & 'a' 3$ +ara (a 'rea' 3$ !e( %rea +roteg !a !e *a$e1o $tegra( !e (a serra$-a !e( ILao5 S/'re5 9i!1eti F \ 9i!1eti %. 'DDC. A)es !e (a +ro) $' a C4a7/eLa Ner$a$!o S (es a)es . 'o$ser)a' 3$ e$ <o( ) a5 ++5=FC ==S5 9ONISIG +EE' P(a$ Uso !e( S/e(o !e( !e+arta*e$to !e C4/7/ sa'a5 <orra!or !e 'o$'erta' 3$5 _/$ o 5 G= +5 S/'re5 9ONISIG. +EEE. Zo$ & 'a' 3$ agroe'o(3g 'a . so' oe'o$3* 'a !e( !e+arta*e$to !e C4/7/ sa'a 5 @C=5+5 La Pa25

Aguarague INFORME FINAL Sep-2007

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Aguarague INFORME FINAL Sep-2007

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Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

INDICE DEL DOCUMENTO

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

MAPA GEOLOGICO FOTOS FOTOCOPIAS DE ACTAS

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

Estudio de Justificacin Tcnica

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

A! EsteB %unto %+ %> X ?GD>?@5F = ?GGG>D5C ? A! OesteB Secto2

@FW@CUS@5CCVS GIW=CUS@5FFV; @FWSDU=F5S>VS GIW=>U=I5@?V;

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

CFUGUISACA EN EL CONTEXTO NACIONAL

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

MUNICI%IO DE -ILLA MACFARETI EN EL CONTEXTO DE%ARTAMENTAL

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

MA%A %OLITICO DEL MUNICI%IO DE MACFARETI

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

COMUNIDADES Y CENTROS POBLADOS MUNICIPIO DE MACHARETI

DEPARTAMENTO SANTA CRUZ NORTE

Ya(i &a%% H rmoso

E% &ina% Santa Maria I(a#so

Ba.o Bor!o A%to

C#atro &i ntos

Camatin!i Estacion Ti/#i(a

DEPARTAMENTO DE TARIJA SUR

IMAGEN CON LA DELIMITACI(N DEL HREA DE ESTUDIO

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

DIAGRAMACI(N DE LA %RO,LEM&TICA AM,IENTAL EN LA 9ONA DE ESTUDIO

To(o/ra-3a acci! nta!a n %a *ona s#$an!ina

P4r!i!a /ra!#a% ! %a co$ rt#ra + / ta%

E5tinsi1n /ra!#a% ! %a -a#na si%+ str

Irraciona% 5(%otaci1n -or sta%

Car ncia ! m canismos ! contro% ! %a -a#na

N c si!a! ! Am(%iaci1n ! -ront ra a/ro 2 si%+o 2 (astori%

So$r car/a anima%

Sist ma ! man .o 5t nsi+o ! % hato

Escaso conocimi nto inc#m(%imi nto ! normas

Poco #so ! t4cnicas ! 5(%otaci1n -or sta% sost ni$%

Poco conocimi nto ! normas +i/ nt s

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

PETROMAAS MEDIO AMBIENTE Y ACCION SOCIAL S.R.L.

Estudio de Justificacin Tecnica Social de la Serrania del Aguarague

Tasa Anua! de C2eci8iento 'DD+ L +EE' M '*@' =5@= =5DF +.CD