Name______________________________________________

Period __________

Fall Semester Review

Pre-AP Science 7
Directions: The following questions are separated by the units of study. Units are followed by a list of
vocabulary words that you should be familiar with for the final exam.

Part I Lab Safety (p. 669-671, Safety Contract) Be familiar with safety symbols and rules.
1. What is the most important rule to follow in the science lab?
____________________________________________________________________________

Scientific Inquiry (p. 10-16)

Scientific method
Problem
Variables
Controls
Inference
Hypothesis

Data
Experiment
Model
Observation
Conclusion
Experimental Investigation

Descriptive Investigation
Repeated Trials
Valid
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Constant Variable

2. The purpose of the scientific method is to answer a question or solve a _________________.

3. Answer the following questions:
a. What is the purpose of the hypothesis?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
b. What is the purpose of an experiment?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
4. Why do you want as many constants as possible in an experiment?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________

Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 1

5. What is the relationship between the independent & dependent variable in an experiment?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
6. Study the Line Graph on pg. 667 in your textbook. Approximately how many calories would a
person with a body mass of 70 kg burn in 30
minutes?___________________________________________________________
7. Study the Circle Graph on pg. 668 in your textbook. What conclusion can be drawn from this graph?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
8. What do these letters represent?
DRY____________________________________________________
MIX_____________________________________________________
9. Read the following and answer the questions.
For his science project, Sam decided to test the effect of a vitamin on the growth of radish seeds.
Sam thought that if vitamins helped the nutrition and growth of humans, the vitamins would increase
the growth of radish seeds. Sam planted 5 radish seeds in 100 grams of soil and added 10 ml of
water to the soil. Next, Sam crushed a multi-vitamin and dissolved it in 10 ml of vitamin water. He
planted a second set of 5 radish seeds in 100 grams of soil and then added the 10 ml of vitamin
water to the soil. Both groups were placed in a sunny window. After one, week, Sam observed that
only one radish seed in the vitamin solution developed into a plant. In the soil given plain water, four
seeds developed into plants.
a. State the hypothesis
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
b. Identify four constants in the experiment
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
c. Identify the independent variable____________________________________________
d. Identify the dependent variable______________________________________________

10. Study the diagram and answer the questions.

Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 2

a. Write one observation related to this diagram.

_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
b. Write one inference based upon your observation.
__________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________

11. Directions: Read the following and use the data table to help you answer the questions.
Elizabeth feeds her dog 500 grams of Purina Chow dog food at 7:30 each morning for seven days.
She records the following data in her science journal.

a. What is the problem question that Elizabeth is trying to answer?

_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
b. Calculate the average amount of food consumed by the dog each week and record this data in
the data table in the Average row.

c. Analyze this data and write a conclusion to this experiment in the space below.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
Measurement
12. Complete the following chart. (pg. 654 655) Be able to accurately read each measurement tool
!
Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 3

Type of
Measurement

Definition
Measurement

Unit(s) of
Measurement
Tool

Length
Liquids
Volume
Solids
Mass

Temperature
Force
13. What is the difference in length (cm) between the two objects below? Answer:______________

14. What is the volume of water in the graduated cylinder? Answer:______________

15. What is the mass of this object? Answer:______________

Work
16.

You have
done work on an
object when you
_________________________________________________________________
Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 4

17.

Two people push a 32 N crate a distance of 15 meters from the kitchen to the garage. Calculate
the amount of work that was done. W= F X D
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

Chemistry of Life (Class Notes and p.24, 26-30)

Matter
Product
Atom
Chemical Bond
Element
Organic Compound
Compounds
Inorganic Compound
Molecules
Macromolecule
Physical Change
Polymerization
Chemical Change
Monomer
Chemical Reaction
Polymer
Reactant
Carbohydrates

Glucose
Lipids
Proteins
Amino acids
Enzymes
Nucleic Acids
Nucleotide

18. Matter is anything that takes up ________________________ and has ______________. Matter
is made of _________________________________ _.
19. What is an element?
________________________________________________________________.
When two or more different elements combine together, they form a
________________________________________________________________.
20. Describe the two types of changes that matter can undergo and give an example of each.

Change in Matter

Definition

Example

21. Ba + FeBr2
BaBr2 + Fe
a. The equation above describes a chemical
_________________________________________________________.
b. List the reactants:
____________________________________________________________
c. List the products: ____________________________________________________________

Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 5

22. Complete the following chart that compares organic and inorganic compounds.
Compound
Elements in the
Total number of
Inorganic or Organic?
compound (full name) atoms in the
compound
KMnO4
Fe2O3
C22H22O11

23.

What are the four types of organic compounds and what is their function in the body? Give an
example of each.
1.____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
2.____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
3.____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
4.____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

24.

Distinguish between a monomer and macromolecule (polymer). Give an example of each.

_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
___________________________

Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 6

Introduction to Living Things (Class Notes and pg. 672-673, pg. 336 339)
Homeostasis
Prokaryote
Stimulus
Eukaryote
Response
Specialized Cell
Molecule
Tissue
Macromolecule
Epithelial Tissue
Organelles
Nervous Tissue

Muscle Tissue
Connective Tissue
Organ
System
Organism

25. Draw and label the parts of the cells below using the following terms:

Mitochondria
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm

Vacuole
Chloroplast
Nucleus
Ribosomes

Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 7

Chromosomes
Golgi bodies
Endoplasmic
reticulum

26. Describe the function of each part of the cell.

Cell Organelle
Nucleus

Function

Chromosomes

Cytoplasm

Cell membrane

Mitochondria

Golgi bodies

Endoplasmic reticulum

Ribosomes

Vacuole

Cell wall

Chloroplast

27.

What are the two main differences between the cells of a begonia plant and the cells of an
angel fish?
a. __________________________________________________________
b. __________________________________________________________

28.

Which of the following are made of cells? Circle your answer

Water Spider

29.

bacteria

granite

rock

air

grass

heat

Describe the organization of cells in a multi-celled organism from the smallest to the largest
unit.
Cell _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________

Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 8

30.

What is the difference between a Prokaryote & a Eukaryote? Give an example of each.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________

31. State the three parts of the cell theory.

a. _____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
b. _____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________________

32. If the eyepiece lens has a magnification of 10X and the objective lens has a magnification of 43X,
what is the total magnification of the microscope?
________________________________________________________________
33.

Jackie wants to observe a specimen under the microscope. She puts the specimen on a slide

and puts it on the stage of the microscope. Which knob should she use to first focus the
microscopethe fine adjustment or the coarse adjustment knob?
_________________________________________________________________
34. Describe the four types of tissue found in animals.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________
35. Identify the seven characteristics that determine if something is living.
a.

d.

b.

e.

c.

f.
g.
Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 9

Name______________________________________________

Period __________

Fall Semester Study Guide Part II.

Overview of Body Systems and Homeostasis (Class Notes and p. 340-343)
36. Describe the function of each human body system
Human Body
System
Skeletal

Function

Muscular
Digestive
Circulatory
Respiratory
Nervous
Excretory
Integumentary
Immune
Endocrine
Reproductive

37.

a. Which systems work together to get oxygen to your cells?

_________________________________________________________________
b. Which systems work together to provide nutrients to your cells?
_________________________________________________________________

38. Define homeostasis.

_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
___________________________

Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 10

39.

Complete the concept map below by describing and giving examples for each of the three types
of homeostasis. (Pg. 340-331)

40. How does the human body respond to short-term stress such as when the school fire alarm
unexpectedly rings?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

Skeletal and Muscular System (p.344-356)

Bone
Ball and socket joint
Periosteum
Fixed joint
Marrow
Gliding joint
Spongy bone
Pivot joint
Compact bone
Long bones
Cartilage
Short bones
Joint
Flat bones
Ligament
Muscle
Hinge joint
Skeletal muscle

41.

Briefly describe the five functions of the skeletal system.

Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 11

Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Voluntary muscle
Involuntary muscle
Tendon
Contract
Relax

a. ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________
d. ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________
e. ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________
42.

How is the structure of the rib bones related to their function?

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________

43.

Bones are connected to bones by tough connective tissue called _________________.

The place where bones meet is called a ________________________. The ends of the bones in
a joint are covered with _______________________________ which acts as a cushion to help
prevent the bones from grinding together.

44.

Give an example of each of the following joints.

a. Pivot ______________________
b. Fixed ______________________
c. Ball and socket ______________________
d. Gliding ______________________
e. Hinge ______________________

45. Complete the following table on the three types of muscle.

Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 12

Type of Muscle
Skeletal

Voluntary or Involuntary

Examples

Smooth
Cardiac

46.

What is a tendon? ___________________________________________________

47.

Label the diagram: bone, muscle, tendon

48.

Explain how your biceps and triceps work together to help you raise a glass of water to your
mouth.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________

Nutrition and Digestive System (p.370-393)

Nutrient
Digestion
Nutrition
Mechanical Digestion
Carbohydrate
Chemical Digestion
Protein
Enzymes
Lipids
Saliva
Minerals
Bile
Vitamins
Peristalsis
49.

Villi
Absorption
Simple Carbohydrates
Complex Carbohydrates
Amylase
Pepsin

What is the function of the digestive system?

________________________________________________________________
Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 13

50.

What is the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________

51.

Need to Know: Refer to page 383 to review the structures of the digestive system. Be able to
trace the pathway of food as it travels through the organs of the digestive system beginning in the
mouth. Be able to identify the structures of the digestive system.

52.

The process of __________________ moves food through the esophagus.

53.

Food is absorbed into the blood stream in the ______________________________.

54.

Identify the following as either a chemical or physical change that occurs during digestion.
Example

Chemical or Physical Change

Churning of food in the stomach

Break down carbohydrates into starches with
saliva
Breaking food into smaller pieces with your
teeth
Pepsin helps to break down proteins in the
stomach
Pancreatic juices and other enzymes
breakdown food in the small intestine
55.

What are sources/examples of the following nutrients?

a. Proteins____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
b. Carbohydrates_______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
c. Lipids______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

56.

Distinguish between simple and complex carbohydrates.

_____________________________________________________________________________

Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 14

_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
57.

Know how to read and analyze a food label.

58.

Why is water the most important nutrient?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________

Circulatory System (p.400-425)

Blood
Plasma
Red blood cells
Hemoglobin
White blood cells
Platelets
Arteries
Capillaries

59.

Veins
Pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation
Blood pressure
Pulse
Heart
Atrium
Ventricle

Valves
Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Aorta
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Septum

What are the functions of blood?

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

60.

Complete the chart about the components of blood.

Component of Blood
Plasma

Function

Red blood cells

White blood cells
Platelets

Be able to label the four components on a microscopic view of blood. (see Notes)

61.

How is the structure of the heart related to its function?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 15

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
62.

Name and describe the function of the three types of blood vessels.
a. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
b. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
c. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________

Respiratory System: pg 430-438

Cellular Respiration
Breathing
Nasal cavity
Trachea
Inspiration
63.

Epiglottis
Larynx
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Expiration

Alveoli
Pharynx
Diaphragm
Gas exchange

What is the difference between breathing and cellular respiration?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________

64.

Describe the process of exhalation and inhalation in the body in terms of the diaphragm and chest
cavity.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________

65.

What is the chemical equation of cellular respiration?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

66.

Create a flow chart to describe the movement of air through the various structures of the
respiratory system.

Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 16

67.

What are the parts (and their functions) of the Central Nervous System?

68.

What are the parts (and their functions) of the Peripheral Nervous System?

69.

What are the five senses of the human body?

70.

Draw and label a neuron.

Fall Semester Review 2011- Page 17