AISI 1022 Low Carbon Steel

Topics Covered
Introduction Chemical Composition Physical Properties Mechanical Properties Machining Weldability Heat Treatment Cold Working Hot Working Forging Hardening Tempering Aging Annealing Applications of AISI 1022 Steel

Introduction
Hot rolled AISI 1022 steel is a low hardenability carbon steel with low tensile strength ranging between 360-560 MPa. AISI 1022 low carbon steel has Brinell hardness ranging between 100 170 and it is mostly supplied in the black hot rolled condition. Compared to AISI 1020 steel, AISI 1022 steel has a higher content of manganese and carbon. AISI 1022 steel is usually used in the rolled condition. AISI 1022 can be carburized achieving case hardness more than Rc65 with smaller sections. The case hardness reduces with an increase in section size. Hot rolled AISI 1022 low carbon steel has excellent machinability and ductility with reasonable strength.

Chemical Composition
Element Carbon, C Iron, Fe Manganese, Mn Phosphorous, P Sulfur, S Content 0.17 - 0.230 % 98.68 - 99.13 % 0.70 - 1.0 % 0.040 % 0.050 %

Physical Properties
Physical Properties Density Metric 7.858 g/cc Imperial 0.2839 lb/in3

Mechanical Properties
Mechanical Properties Hardness, Brinell Hardness, Knoop (Converted from Brinell Hardness) Hardness, Vickers (Converted from Brinell Hardness) Tensile Strength, Ultimate Tensile Strength, Yield Elongation at Break Reduction of Area Bulk Modulus (Typical for steel) Poissons Ratio Shear Modulus (Typical for steel) Metric 111 128 112 380 MPa 205 MPa 25.0 % 50.0 % 140 GPa 0.290 80.0 GPa Imperial 111 128 112 55100 psi 29700 psi 25.0 % 50.0 % 20300 ksi 0.290 11600 ksi

Machining
The machinability of AISI 1022 low carbon steel is graded at 70% against the 100% machinability of the standard AISI 1112 steel. In the black hot rolled supplied condition AISI 1022 steels machinability is a bit lower than the machinability of M1020 bright steel. The softness of the hot rolled structure causes it to wrap around the cutting tool and resulting in a less clean cut.

Weldability
AISI 1022 steel can be readily welded by all standard welding methods. Pre-heating and postheating processes are recommended for heavy sections of AISI 1022 steel.

Heat Treatment
Suitable heat treatment for AISI 1022 low carbon steel consists of the following processes:

Hot Working Forging Hardening Tempering Ageing Annealing

Cold Working

Conventional methods are used in the cold working process for AISI 1022 steel. An anneal may be needed after severe cold working.

Hot Working

AISI 1022 steel requires 482.2C -93.3 C (900F to 200F) for the hot working process.

Forging

AISI 1022 steel is forged at 1288 C-982C (2350F to 1800F). The steel is heated to a maximum of 1100C to 1200C, held till the temperature is uniform throughout the section and forging is commenced. Forging below 900C is not recommended. Finished forgings may be air cooled.

Hardening

AISI 1022 steel is hardened by quenching, tempering and heat treatment. It can also be hardened by the cold working process.

Tempering

Based on the required strength level AISI 1022 steel can be tempered after the heat treatment and quenching process at 316C-593C (600F to 1100 F).

Aging

This is not applicable for AISI 1022 steel.

Annealing

A stress relief anneal on AISI 1022 steel is performed at 538 C (1000F) and a full anneal is performed at 927 C (1700F) with slow furnace cooling.

Applications of AISI 1022 Steel

The applications of AISI 1022 steel include:

It is used by industry sectors for carburized parts that are lightly stressed and for welding applications. It is used for structural applications with moderate strength such as bolts and cold formed fasteners. Recessed-head screws, low-strength fasteners, motor spindles and die pins utilize AISI 1022 steel. AISI 1022 steel is used a lot in case hardened conditions. Some typical applications of AISI 1022 steel include welded structures and general engineering parts and components. Some carburized applications of AISI 1022 steel include light duty gears, camshafts, worm gears, spindles, ratchets and gudgon pins.

Date Added: Jul 2, 2012 | Updated: Jun 11, 2013