1. Can you explain in detail three or more major differences between code ANSI B31.

1 and code ANSI B31.3 Answer! "here is only one major difference between the two# B31.1 is for $ower $ipin% and B31.3 is for &efinery'Chemical $lant $ipin%. (. "here is a power plant inside a $rocess refinery. )here exactly the ANSI B31.1 * ANSI B31.3 scope brea+ occurs Answer! Based on my experience there were two cases. Case ,1# B31.1 stopped at the $ower $lant -nit bloc+ .al.es. "hus all pipin% inside the $ower $lant was B31.1. Case ,(# B31.1 stopped at the e/uipment 0Boiler1 isolation bloc+ .al.es and then all other pipin% was B31.3. "his is normally the choice of the owner'operator'client. 3. )hich of the followin% pipin% system is more health ha2ardous. A1 3uel oil pipin% b1 $rocess pipin% with Caustic c1 process pipin% with 43 acid d1 Sulphuric acid pipin%. Answer! c1 process pipin% with 43 acid 5. "here is a steam pipin% with low poc+et but without steam trap. )hat will be worst conse/uence of this layout Answer! "here will be a build up of condensate to the point that a slu% will be pushed by the steam flow. "his slu% of condensate will cause 6water hammer7 and could rip the pipin% apart. 8. In what circumstance# the reducer of a pump suction pipin% will be in bottom flat position. 9xplain why the reducer should be so. Answer! Still Needs a $roper 9xplanation for the this answer. :. A $*I; shows a spec brea+ 0at 3lan%e1 between carbon steel * stainless steel specification. )hat additional arran%ements you ha.e to ma+e for that dissimilar material flan%e joint Answer! -se the <as+et and bolts from the SS spec. =. A stainless steel pipin% specification mentions <al.ani2ed carbons steel bolts. )hat is your first reaction ti this and how do you rectify it Answer! If that is what the Spec call for then that is what I am supposed to use. But# I would as+ the $ipin% >aterial 9n%ineer 0$>91 why he'she specified %al.ani2ed bolts. ?. 4ow many types of pipin% specialty items do you +now )hy it is called a pipin% special )hy not we include them in standard pipin% specification. Answer! I could possibly count 8@ or more dependin% on the $>9 and how the pipin% material specs were de.eloped. "hey are called them S$ items because they are NA" written into the normal $ipin% >aterial 0Bine Class1 Specifications. "hey are not included because they are normally of limited use# purchased from a limited product line .endor and are often after thou%hts. C. ;raw a typical steam trap station layout and explain why the existence of a byDpass line around the trap is not a %ood idea# when the condensate is returnin% to a condensate header Answer! 0No drawin%1 It is not ad.isable to ha.e a bypass around a steam trap because the bloc+ .al.e could be left open and defeat the purpose of the trap.

1@. 9xplain what is a 6;ouble bloc+ * Bleed7 .al.e )hy we need a bleed .al.e )hen do we use this Answer! "he primary purpose of a 6;ouble Bloc+ * Bleed7 is Safety. 4owe.er it is not fail safe. "he next better 6Safety7 setDup would be ;ouble Bloc+ Eal.e with a Spec Blind between the .al.es. "he hi%her le.el of safety would be double bloc+ .al.es with a remo.able spool for absolute isolation. 11. In a typical tieDin where should the spectacle blind be inserted a1 after bloc+ .al.e and towards existin% plant b1 before bloc+ .al.e and towards new plant. 9xplain why. Answer! "he Spec Blind shall be placed on the -nit side of the -nit Bloc+ .al.es. "his placement allows for the closin% of the -nit isolation bloc+ .al.e# the unit side is depressured and drained. "hen the spec blind can be installed for isolation of the unit. 1(. 6Stress intensification factor 0SI317 )here do we use this 9xplain this term. 4ow many types of these SI3Fs exist Answer! Stress Intensification 3actor 0SI31 is a multiplier on nominal stress for typically bend and intersection components so that the effect of %eometry and weldin% can be considered in a beam analysis. Stress Intensification 3actors form the basis of most stress analysis of pipin% systems. As for the /uantity# as+ a Stress 9n%ineer. 13. )hen all desi%n parameters are same# whose thermal expansion is hi%her amon% the followin% A1 Carbon steel b1 Stainless steel c1 ;uplex steel d1 Cast Iron e1 <al.ani2ed Carbon steel. Answer! b1 Stainless steel 15. In a hose station the hose couplin%s used for water# air * steam should be different type. ;o you a%ree 9xplain your .iew. Answer! I a%ree. If they are all the same then the hoses can be connected to the wron% ser.ices and could result in the injury of an operator 0i.e.! thin+in% the hose is connected to water when it is connected to steam1. 18. )hat is your .iew on the usa%e of >etallic expansion joints )hen they become necessary and when they could be a.oided Answer! I do e.erythin% I can as a pipin% desi%ner to a.oid the use of all types of expansion joints. 9xpansion joints are always the wea+est point in any system where they are used. 1:. A water cooler heat exchan%er# located on a (@ m hi%h structural platform. )ater header is located u'%. )hat precaution do you ta+e# in case of $ressure loss in coolin% water header Answer! I do not understand this /uestion it does not appear to be a pipin% issue. I would assume that the coolin% water system has a 0loss of1 pressure sensor and the plant shutD down alarms and se/uence would be acti.ated. 1=. In what order do you arran%e the pipes in the $ipe rac+ and why 4ow much G of area should be reser.ed for 3uture expansion Specify a ran%e. Answer! "he lar%est hottest lines on the outside ed%e of the pipe rac+ wor+in% in with cooler lines in towards the middle of the rac+. "his allows the lon%er loop le%s as you lay the loops bac+ o.er the other lines to the other side of the rac+ and bac+. "he lower temperature loops would be 6nested7 inside the lar%er# hotter loops.

63uture rac+ space7 is normally at the direction of the Client. It may be anythin% from @G to as much as (8G. 1?. )hen a utility line 0li+e condensate or water etc1 is connected permanently to a process pipin% what precaution we ha.e to ta+e to a.oid cross contamination Answer! Aption ,1# double bloc+ .al.e with a dropDout spool. Aption ,(# ;ouble bloc+ .al.e with a spec blind. Aption ,3# double bloc+ .al.es with a bleed .al.e. 1C. A air fin cooler 0( air coolers with each ha.in% ( inlet no22les1 needs a "ypical pipin% arran%ement. 4ow many types of pipin% arran%ement is possible. Answer! "here are a number of ways to pipe a 3inD3an cooler dependin% on what the $*I; call for