Cigre AUS 2011 HVDC & GridAccess Tutorial

HVDC Station Layout, Equipment LCC & VSC and Integration of Renewables using HVDC
Dr. Dietmar Retzmann Siemens AG dietmar.retzmann@siemens.com
10-2011
DC Station Layout & GA
Cigr Tutorial 2012
Overview
1. Introduction 2. HVDC Station Layout and Equipment LCC 3. HVDC Station Layout and Equipment VSC 4. Integration of Renewable Energy Sources using HVDC 5. Conclusions
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1.
ntroduction
3 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA
HVDC Green Energy HVDC Security of Supply

Cigr Tutorial 2012
Reuters: Wind Power & HVDC January 26, 2011
10-2011
Cigr Tutorial 2012
Electric Power Markets they need HVDC Increasing Demand for Power Generation* from 3,620 GW in 2000 to 5,324 GW in 2010 and to 9,669 GW in 2030 Strong Environmental Constraints Limitation on Power Plant Expansions Natural Energy Resources far away from the Load Centers Severe Right-of-Way Constraints
A crucial Issue in many Countries, in Europe in particular
* Source: Siemens E ST, 2011 Cigr Tutorial 2012
2.
S tation Layout
10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA
Equipment LCC
and
Cigr Tutorial 2012
High-Voltage Direct Current
HVDC
Configuration Possibilities
10-2011
Cigr Tutorial 2012
Configurations Bipolar
Bipolar, Metallic Return System needs three Lines !
Bipolar, Ground Return System with two Lines

8 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Configurations Monopolar *
* Examples with one Pole out of Service
Monopolar, one DC Line and Ground Return
Monopolar, Metallic Return

9 10-2011
Monopolar, two DC Lines and Ground Return

DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Multiterminal HVDC
Terminals in series
Terminals in parallel
Parallel: Parallel:the theStandard StandardVersion Version
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HVDC Back-to-Back Station AC

System 1
AC
AC
System 2
Controls, Protection, Monitoring 1 AC Switchyard 2 AC Filters, C-Banks 3 Converter Transformers

AC Filter AC Filter
4 Thyristor Valves
5 Smoothing Reactors
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Bipolar HVDC Station LDT with OHL AC

System 1
AC
AC
System 2
To/ from other Terminal
Controls, Protection, Monitoring
1 AC Switchyard 2 AC Filters, Capacitor Banks
DC filter
Pole 1
3 Converter Transformers 4 Thyristor Valves
AC filter DC filter Pole 2
5 Smoothing Reactors and DC Filters
6 DC Switchyard
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HVDC Basic Design: Arrester Arrangement
8 AC-Filter Bus 1 C1 3 AC-Bus L1 Fachv L2 4 FacIv C2 Arr A 2 7 Arr B4 Arr B3 6 Arr B2 Arr B1 10 Lsmooth
DC Line Arr D
Arr C
Fdc
Fdc
AC-Filter
Arr E1 Neutral
Arr E2 11
13
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HVDC Thyristor Valves Principle Circuit of a 12-Pulse Group

Valve Tower Arrangement
12-Pulse Group
Neutral
4 3
Multiple Valve Unit (Quadruple Valve)
A B C
2 1 A
14
B
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Valve Arm
to DC Line: + or DC Station Layout & GA
Example 500 kV
Cigr Tutorial 2012
LDT Configurations Monopolar/Bipolar
With Monopolar System, only Ground Return available
Option to use the 2nd Conductor for Metallic Return
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DC Overhead Lines and Tower Configurations

Nominal DC Voltage Description
Suitable Power Rating DC System Configuration No. of Conductors per Pole Economical Transmission Distance of Line Required Right-of-Way Minimum Required Ground Clearance (Subject to local Regulations) Typical Suspension Tower Outline (not to scale)
Unit
MW Bundle km m m
300 kV
600 ~ 1,000 Monopolar / Bipolar 2x / 3x / 4x 300 -750 40 8.50
400 kV
1,000 ~ 2,000 Monopolar / Bipolar 2x / 3x / 4x / 6x 500 ~ 1,000 45 ~ 50 10.00 11.00
500 kV
1,500 ~ 3,000 Monopolar / Bipolar 4x / 6x / 8x 700 ~ 1,500 55 ~ 70 11.00 13.00
800 kV
3,000 ~ 7,500 Monopolar / Bipolar 6x / 8x 1,500 ~ 5,000 85 ~ 90 16.00
Range of Tower Heights Typical Insulator Type
m -
25 ~ 40 Cap & Pin / Porcelain Longrod / Composite 4.34 (Porcelain Cap & Pin) / 3.60 (Composite)
Practicable Length of Suspension Insulator String
Lattice Tower: 36 ~ 51 / Monopole: 49.18 ~ 48.18 Cap & Pin / Porcelain Longrod / Composite 5.06 (Composite) / 6.18 (Porcelain)
31 ~ 51 Cap & Pin / Porcelain Longrod / Composite 7.33 (Composite Longrod)
39 ~ 93
Cap & Pin / Porcelain Longrod 12.94 (Cap & Pin)
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Basslink HVDC: remote Infeed of Green Energy
Hydro Plants for: Base Load and Pump Storage
Benefits of HVDC: Clean Energy CO2 Reduction
flexible
Plus Wind Power

fuzzy
no additional Thermal Plants Cost Reduction
Base Covering Demands 10-2011 and Peak-Load 17 DC Station Layout & GA
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DC Station
Cigr Tutorial 2012
Basslink HVDC: Converter Arial View

Example of HVDC Classic
500 MW 2006
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Basslink HVDC AC Filters
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Basslink HVDC DC Wall Bushing and DC Reactor
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Optimization of the Transmission System

Loy Yang 3.2 km 57.4 km McGaurans Beach 6.4 km 295 km Five Mile Bluff 1.7 km 8.9 km Georgetown 2.1 km
Bass Strait
Converter Station 500 kV Substation
Underground Cable
Underground Cable
Converter Station 220 kV Substation

10 hrs Overload
Sea Cable Transition Station Transition Station

System Data:
Commercial Operation: 2006

Transmission Capacity: 500 / 600 MW DC Voltage: 400 kV Cigr Tutorial 2012
Examples of DC Lines Basslink 400 kV

From Small to Large Line
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Basslink 400 kV DC Line: Right-of-Way
For Comparison: 300 kV DC Tower

From DC Line to Cable Basslink HVDC
Welcome great Outdoors !
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HVDC Cable Options

MI: Insulated with special Paper, impregnated with High-Viscosity Compound SCFF: Insulated with special Paper, impregnated with Low-Viscosity Oil Extruded: Insulated with extruded Polyethylene-Based Compound
Mass Impregnated
Voltages up to 600 kV DC. Conductors up to 2,700 mm2
25 10-2011
Self-Contained Fluid Filled

Voltages up to 600 kV DC. Conductors up to 3,000 mm2
Extruded
Voltages up to 320 kV DC. Conductors up to 3,000 mm2 (Al)
Photos: Prysmian Cables and Systems, 2009 Data: Status 2011 Cigr Tutorial 2012
DC Cable Laying
Cable Termination
Source: Prysmian Cables and Systems, 2008
Joints
Maximal Length of the Cable Sections

Sea Cable: Land Cable:
100 km
1 km only !
Cigr Tutorial 2012
300 MW TNB-EGAT HVDC Interconnection
GURUN HVDC CONVERTER STATION
Hotel DC
Adaptation to the local Architecture

Source:
27 10-2011 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA
2001
Cigr Tutorial 2012
Europe HVDC Moyle Interconnector

The Task: Sea-Cable Transmission
World's first HVDC with LTT and wafer-integrated BOD

Operated by: Moyle Interconnector Ltd., Northern Ireland System Data: Rating 2 x 250 MW Voltage 250 kV DC Thyristor 8 kV LTT Cable Length 64 km
2001
Auchencrosh Ballycronan More
Power Exchange by Sea Cable Sharing of Reserve Capacity
Benefits
28 10-2011
No Increase in Short-Circuit Power

Cigr Tutorial 2012
HVDC Moyle Interconnector An Arial View
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New DC Cable Link Neptune RTS, USA
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Neptune HVDC Station Sayreville
660 MW 2007

Neptune HVDC Station Duffy Avenue

Snapshots from the Inauguration on 10-11-2007
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Neptune HVDC Station Duffy Avenue

Snapshots from the Inauguration on 10-11-2007
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DC Station Neptune with DC Cable 500 kV

Valve Hall DC Hall Control Building Transformers
AC Switchgear
AC Filters
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Europe The HVDC Portfolio is growing
Storeblt
Customer: Energinet.dk System Data: Rating 600 MW Voltage 400 kV DC Thyristor 8 kV LTT Cable Length 56 km
2010
BritNed
Customer: BritNed Developm. Ltd. System Data: Rating 2 x 500 MW Voltage 450 kV Thyristor 8 kV LTT Cable Length 260 km
2011
Power Exchange by Sea Cable Sharing of Reserve Capacity No Increase in Short-Circuit Power
Cigr Tutorial 2012
Storeblt: Station Herslev DC Yard
2010 600 MW
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Storeblt: Station Fraugde DC Converter
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BritNed: Station Maasvlatke AC Yard
2011 2 x 500 MW
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BritNed: Station Maasvlatke AC Yard
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Sustainability in Transmission HVDC in India: East-South Interconnector and Ballia-Bhiwadi DC versus AC
2010 *2,500 2,500MW MW

India
2 x 3-ph AC 400 kV 1 x +/- 500 kV

Example of HVDC Ballia-Bhiwadi:
800 km
1,450 km
too long for 400 kV AC
Reduction in CO2: 688,000 tons p.a. through 37 % less Transmission Losses at*
2,000/2,500 MW 2003/2007
Cigr Tutorial 2012
HVDC Ballia-Bhiwadi, India DC Yard
2010 2,500 MW
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Sustainability in Transmission HVDC in Europe: COMETA, Spain-Mallorca DC Interconnector

Customer: Red Elctrica de Espaa System Data: Rating 2 x 200 MW Voltage 250 kV DC Thyristor 8 kV LTT Cable Length 250 km
Reduction in CO2: 1.2 m tons p.a. (52 %) by using Energy-Mix from the Mainland
2011
versus local Supply with a new Oil-fired Power Plant on the Island
COMETA, Spain-Mallorca DC Interconnector Indoor AC Yard and Converter Halls
400 MW 2011
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COMETA, Spain-Mallorca DC Interconnector Transformers mounted
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More Power out of the Grid
plus CO2 Reduction
Technology Issues for UHV DC Transmission

Overview of an 800 kV DC Transmission System

DC Wall Bushing
- 800 kV D C
Line Arresters Voltage Divider

- 400 kV
+ 400 k V DC
DC
DC Filters Disconnectors & Grounding Switches
Bypass Switches Smoothing Reactors

+ 800 kV DC
DC Wall Bushing
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Air-Core, Air-cooled Smoothing Reactor and Converter Transformer The Dimensions are huge
500 kV DC in Pictures have meanwhile been extended to 800 kV DC
Mostly an Issue of Mechanics but not only

UHV DC Reactor in Test Field

4.6 m
800 kV DC 3,125 A 75 mH 28 tons !

14.3 m
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800 kV HVDC Transformers under Construction 250/244 MVA Single-Phase* Transformers
48** Transformers for the Yunnan-Guangdong UHV DC Project

Core Design: 3 Limbs & 2 Return Limbs L x W x H: 26 x 6.4 x 15.2 m Total Weight: 512 tons
* for Transportation Reasons ** plus 8 Spare Units
Test Voltages
DC (2 hrs) 1,175 kV AC (1 min) 1,020 kV PR (90/90/45 min) 935 kV SI 1,790 kV LI (FW/CW) 2,080/2,320 kV
Cigr Tutorial 2012
Snapshots from DC Transformer Testing

at Transformer Factory Test Lab Nuremberg, Germany
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Valve Hall Configuration for UHV DC
DC Neutral
400 kV Valve Hall
LV 12-Pulse Bridge
400 kV DC
Each Valve Group can be bypassed n-1 Criterion
400 kV DC
HV 12-Pulse Bridge
51 10-2011 10-2011
to 800 kV DC Line
Ready for Transmission

Power Cigr Transmission Cigr Tutorial Tutorial 2012 Solutions 2012
800 kV Valve Hall DC Station Layout DC Station & GA Layout & GA
Testing of UHV DC Bypass Switches

800 kV DC
6.2 m
400 kV DC
9.5 m
Test Set-up
at Siemens High-Voltage Test Lab Berlin, Germany
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Testing of UHV DC Disconnectors
800 kV DC
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Disconnectors Data and Dimensions

2m
Technical Data
Rated Voltage: 816 kV DC Operating Voltage: 800 kV DC Withstand Voltage: 1,200 kV DC Switching Impulse Voltage:1,790 kV Lightning Impulse Voltage: 2,205 kV Operating Current: 5,000 A DC Short-Circuit Current: 50 / 20 kA 1 s Creepage path: 38,746 mm No. of Operating Cycles: 2,000 CO Weight: 6,000 kg
11.4 m 13 m
Cigr Tutorial 2012
Capacitor-controlled Wall Bushing

Technical Data
Rated Voltage: Operating Voltage: AC Test Voltage: DC Test Voltage: Creepage Path Outdoor: Creepage Path Indoor: Rated Current: Weight: 816 kV DC 800 kV DC 1,100 kV 1,455 kV DC 42,500 mm 26,630 mm 3,700 A DC 5,600 kg
20.8 m
Test Set-up
Special Challenges
Two Resin-Paper Capacitor Windings with a total Weight of 4,000 kg Design of the Windings and Production with no Shrinkage Holes
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Testing of UHV DC Bushing, DC Arrestor and Voltage Divider

12.8 m
10.6 m
800 kV DC
9m
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DC DCStation StationLayout Layout& &GA GA
Cigr Cigr Tutorial Tutorial 2012 2012
All Tests are completed
and the Power is flowing

- 800 k V DC
+ 400
- 400
kV D
kV DC
+ 80
0 kV
DC
57
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DC DCStation StationLayout Layout& &GA GA
Cigr Tutorial 2012
Yunnan-Guangdong
plus CO2 Reduction

Worlds first 800 kV HVDC 5,000 MW In China Southern Power Grid
Single-Line Diagram of Yunnan-Guangdong HVDC System
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Yunnan-Guangdong from 3D Models
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to Reality: Sending Station Chuxiong
Worlds first 800 kV UHV DC 5,000 MW
Example of HVDC Bulk
2009/2010
Back to Germany: All UHV DC Transformer Tests completed, ready for Shipping to China
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Clearance underneath Bridges in Germany a crucial Issue
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Arrived in China, small Roads Transformers just fitting well, as expected
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Yunnan-Guangdong UHV DC Valve Hall

800 kV DC
DC Side
UHV DC Sending Station: from indoor to outdoor
800 kV DC
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Station Chuxiong Disconnector & DC Filter
67
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Yunnan-Guangdong 800 kV DC Line
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800 kV DC Towers
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800 kV DC Overhead Line Welcome great Outdoors !
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For Comparison UHV AC Transmission Towers 1,000 kV Pilot Project
For Redundancy - 2 Lines:

System 1 System 2
Sources:
In Co-Operation with
Fulong Converter Station HVDC Transformers & Thyristor Valves with new 6-inch Thyristors
plus CO2 Reduction

Xiangjiaba-Shanghai
Worlds biggest and longest UHV DC in Operation
Schematic Arrangement of Xiangjiaba-Shanghai Converters
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Arrangement of 800 kV Converters for Fulong Station
Double Valve Towers of a Fulong 6-Pulse Bridge at the 800 kV Converter End
Arrangement of 800 kV Converters for Fulong Station
Two HV and two LV Valve Towers for Fulong Converter Station during Erection for the dielectric Type Tests in Xihari HV Test Field in Xian, China (Arresters not yet connected)
Design of Thyristor Valves for Fulong Station: Latest Development of Power Thyristors: 6-ETT
DC Current Capability of more than 4,500 A Optimum Blocking Voltage of 8.5 kV Joining of the Silicon Pellet to a Molybdenum Carrier Disk using low-Temperature highPressure Sintering Excellent thermal Coupling Low thermal Resistance Outstanding Short-Circuit Current Capability: > 80 kA High Reliability, Failure Rate < 10 fit
76 10-2011
6 high-Power Thyristor compared with 4 and 5 Elements

Cigr Tutorial 2012
From of UHV DC to EHV DC
The Solution for Bulk Power Transmission up to 4 GW

Standard:
500 kV DC
PDC 3 GW PDC 4 GW
New Level:
660 kV DC
Increase in Transmission Capacity and Reduction in Losses

Cigr Tutorial 2012
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Ningdong-Shandong: Worlds first EHV DC at 660 kV
Indoor EHV DC Switchyard
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Yinchuan Dong Sending Station: 660 kV DC Line
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High-Voltage Direct Current
HVDC
Types of Electrodes
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Types of HVDC Electrodes
Sea Electrodes Shore (Pond) Electrodes Shore (buried) Electrodes Ground (Land) Electrodes Deep Hole Electrodes
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Solutions for HVDC Electrodes Summary
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3.
S tation Layout
Equipment VSC
and
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HVDC PLUS with MMC Basic Scheme

Converter Arm Power Module Electronics (PME)
PM 1 PM 2 PM 1 PM 2 PM 1 PM 2
Converter Module
Power Module (PM)

PM n PM n PM n
Converter Reactors
Vd
ud
PM 1
PM 1 PM 2
PM 1 PM 2
IGBT1
D1
PM 2
D2 IGBT2
PM n
PM n
PM n
Phase Unit
The Result: MMC a perfect Voltage Generation
AC and DC Voltages controlled by Converter Arm Voltages:

+Vd /2 VConv.
VAC
- Vd /2
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HVDC PLUS: Trans Bay Cable Project, USA
Energy Project of the Year American Society of Civil Engineers, Region 9; Sacramento, 9th March 2011
Elimination of Transmission Bottlenecks
P = 400 MW Q = +/- 170-300 MVAr

Dynamic Voltage Support

Cigr Tutorial 2012
HVDC PLUS: Trans Bay Cable Project, USA
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HVDC PLUS Options for Converter Modules and Building Arrangements
A highly flexible Design
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Benefits of HVDC PLUS
Space Saving
HVDC PLUS Example 400 MW
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HVDC Classic DC Station Layout & GA
Cigr Tutorial 2012
Example of HVDC PLUS Station: 2 x 100 MW
Options:
C D a)
s e l b Ca
b C D )
B 2 B
85 m
(279 feet)
96 m
(315 feet)
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HVDC PLUS Station Option for 100 MW B2B
(148 feet)
Half the Width by vertical Arrangement: 2 Reactors and 2 Converter Modules on Top of each other
Layout of a 400 MW Converter Station
Footprint: 150 x 110 m

(492 x 361 ft)
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Onshore Station Layout Example 400 MW, +/- 200 kV

Converter Reactors Converter Hall
90
0m 13
DC Switchyard Cable Sealing End
DC Chopper
AC Busbars
Converter AC Yard, Insertion Resistors Neutral Reactors Converter Transformer 3-Phase / ODAN
Control & Protection Auxiliaries, Spares
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4.
I ntegration
RES using HVDC

Cigr Tutorial 2012
of
94
Green Energy: EUs Offshore Programme EEPR
2030: Up to
350 GW
of Wind Power !
CE Installed Capacity: 631 GW

Source: EEPR-Meeting 2011-03-15&16, Brussels
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Integration of large Offshore Wind Farms into the Main Grid the German Prospects
VSC HVDC for Onshore Grid Access & Offshore DC Multiterminal
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
= = =
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HVDC Classic for Load & E DC T Station PS S/Re Layout & Sharing GA Generation Reserve
= = = = = =
= = =
Cigr Tutorial 2012
Green Energy needs Grid Enhancement HVDC Example of Germany
Strengthening the AC Grid with DC Overlay Grid

Source: DENA Study II Nov. 2010
Solutions for Grid Access: AC and DC with SVC PLUS and HVDC PLUS
DC Solution for Grid Access 33 kV AC
HVDC PLUS
132 kV AC 320 kV DC
132 kV AC
33 kV AC
HVDC PLUS SVC PLUS

33 kV AC AC Solution for Grid Access
132 kV AC
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Turnkey Responsibility: First and crucial Steps

99
Definition of most economic Wind Farm Network and Grid Connection (AC versus DC). Define Layout and specify Components of the entire Grid Connection. Load-Flow Studies and Short-Circuit Calculations of the whole System. Define the System Grounding Concept and perform Insulation Coordination for the entire Grid Connection. Verification the static and dynamic Performance and Design of Reactive Power Compensation and / or DC System. Evaluation of System Resonance Behavior driven by the Cables, Transformers, Reactors and Wind Generators. Prove the Conformity with the GRID CODE. Design of Protection, Control (SCADA) and Communication System. System Efficiency: Evaluation of overall losses for various Scenarios. Evaluation of electro-magnetic Interferences for the Grid Connection. Optimization of System Reliability and Availability.
10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Example of System and Design Studies: Dynamic Modeling of a big Number of Wind Generators

System Resonances and System Interactions
Grid Code & Power Quality:

Source: EWIS Interim Report June-2008
Fault-Ride Through and Reactive Power Injection Voltage Dip Compensation
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HVDC PLUS and WIPOS: SylWin1, Germany Worlds first Offshore MMC with 864 MW, BorWin2 and HelWin1&2
WIPOS Siemens Wind Power Offshore Substation
Siemens offers a Family of WIPOS Designs with the Flexibility to meet a Variety of Offshore Weather, Tide, and Seabed Conditions with three main Configurations:
WIPOS self-lifting Solution WIPOS Topside Solution (Topside/Jacket) WIPOS floating Solution
+/- 320 kV 864 MW
2014 2015
+/- 320 kV 690 MW
+/- 300 kV 800 MW
=
The Modular Multilevel Converter Technology (MMC) reduces Complexity and therefore the Space 10-2011 101 required for Installation
101 DC Station Layout & GA
HelWin1
+/- 250 kV 576 MW
BorWin2
=
2013
~
2013
SylWin1
HelWin2
= =
== ~ = ~ =
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Prospects and Locations of Tennets Offshore Projects one with AC and all others with DC Links
Source:
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Prospects and Locations of Tennets DC Offshore Projects Example of
Source: http://www.tennet.eu/
Prospects and Locations of Tennets DC Offshore Projects Example of
Source: http://www.tennet.eu/
Grid Access of Green Energy with HVDC PLUS: WIPOS Advanced self-lifting Offshore Platform Layout
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HVDC in China: Bulk Power Transmission of Green Energy
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Super Grid for DESERTEC with HVDC

Source: DESERTEC Foundation
An Initiative of the Club of Rome
Siemens has a commitment in the Desertec Industrial Initiative (DII). The objective of this initiative is to develop over the mid-term a technical and economic concept for solar power from Africa. Work will also focus on the clarification of legal and political issues.
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5.
onclusions
The Position of HVDC in Comparison with AC

Cigr Tutorial 2012
Solutions for Smart & Bulk Power Transmission

Solutions with Overhead Lines
Note: Power AC @ 1 System 3 , Power DC @ Bipole +/-
High-Voltage DC Transmission: HVDC Classic with 500 kV (HV) / 660 kV (EHV) 3 to 4 GW
HVDC Bulk with 800 kV (UHV) 5 GW to 7.6 GW

For Comparison: HVDC PLUS (VSC) 1,100 MVA
Option UHV DC 1,100 kV: 10 GW
AC Transmission: 400 kV (HV) / 500 kV AC (EHV) 1.5 / 2 GVA 800 kV AC (EHV) 3 GVA 1,000 kV AC (UHV) 6 to 8 GVA
The Winner is HVDC !
Solutions with DC Cables *
* Distances over 80 km: AC Cables too complex
500 / 600 kV DC per Cable, Mass Impregnated: 1 GW to 2 GW (actual - prospective)
Solutions with GIL Gas Insulated Lines
** Reference: Bowmanville, Canada, 1985 - Siemens *** Reference: Huanghe Laxiwa Hydropower Station,
China, 2009 - CGIT (USA)
400 kV AC (HV) 1.8 GVA / 2.3 GVA (directly buried / Tunnel or Outdoor) 500 kV AC (EHV) 2.3 GVA / 2.9 GVA (directly buried / Tunnel or Outdoor) 550 kV AC (EHV) Substation: Standard 3.8 GVA / Special 7.6 GVA ** 800 kV AC (EHV) Tunnel: 5.6 GVA ***
Summary: Features and Benefits of HVDC HVDC High-Voltage DC Transmission: It makes P flow
Three HVDC Options available: PLUS (VSC), Classic and Bulk With DC, Overhead Line Losses are typically 30-50 % less than with AC For Cable Transmission (over 80 km), HVDC is the only Solution HVDC can be integrated into the AC Systems HVDC supports AC in Terms of Stability System Interconnection with HVDC and Integration of HVDC: DC is a Firewall against Cascading Disturbances Bidirectional Control of Power Flow quite easy Frequency, Voltage and POD Control available Staging of the Links with DC quite easy No Increase in Short-Circuit Power DC is a Stability Booster
Thank You for Your Attention
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HVDC Station Layout, Equipment LCC & VSC and Integration of Renewables using HVDC

Dr. Dietmar Retzmann Siemens AG dietmar.retzmann@siemens.com

DC Station Layout & GA

Cigr Tutorial 2012

DC Station Layout & GA

Cigr Tutorial 2012

HVDC Green Energy HVDC Security of Supply

Reuters: Wind Power & HVDC January 26, 2011

DC Station Layout & GA

Cigr Tutorial 2012

* Source: Siemens E ST, 2011 Cigr Tutorial 2012

Cigr Tutorial 2012

High-Voltage Direct Current

DC Station Layout & GA

Cigr Tutorial 2012

Bipolar, Metallic Return System needs three Lines !

Bipolar, Ground Return System with two Lines

* Examples with one Pole out of Service

Monopolar, one DC Line and Ground Return

Monopolar, Metallic Return

Monopolar, two DC Lines and Ground Return

Parallel: Parallel:the theStandard StandardVersion Version

DC Station Layout & GA

Cigr Tutorial 2012

HVDC Back-to-Back Station AC

Controls, Protection, Monitoring 1 AC Switchyard 2 AC Filters, C-Banks 3 Converter Transformers

DC Station Layout & GA

Cigr Tutorial 2012

Bipolar HVDC Station LDT with OHL AC

Controls, Protection, Monitoring

1 AC Switchyard 2 AC Filters, Capacitor Banks

3 Converter Transformers 4 Thyristor Valves

AC filter DC filter Pole 2

5 Smoothing Reactors and DC Filters

DC Station Layout & GA

Cigr Tutorial 2012

HVDC Basic Design: Arrester Arrangement

DC Station Layout & GA

Cigr Tutorial 2012

HVDC Thyristor Valves Principle Circuit of a 12-Pulse Group

LDT Configurations Monopolar/Bipolar

With Monopolar System, only Ground Return available

Option to use the 2nd Conductor for Metallic Return

DC Station Layout & GA

Cigr Tutorial 2012

DC Overhead Lines and Tower Configurations

Range of Tower Heights Typical Insulator Type

Practicable Length of Suspension Insulator String

31 ~ 51 Cap & Pin / Porcelain Longrod / Composite 7.33 (Composite Longrod)

Cap & Pin / Porcelain Longrod 12.94 (Cap & Pin)

DC Station Layout & GA

Cigr Tutorial 2012

Basslink HVDC: remote Infeed of Green Energy

Hydro Plants for: Base Load and Pump Storage

Benefits of HVDC: Clean Energy CO2 Reduction

Plus Wind Power

no additional Thermal Plants Cost Reduction

Base Covering Demands 10-2011 and Peak-Load 17 DC Station Layout & GA

Cigr Tutorial 2012

Basslink HVDC: Converter Arial View

DC Station Layout & GA

Cigr Tutorial 2012

Basslink HVDC AC Filters

DC Station Layout & GA

Cigre AUS 2011 HVDC & GridAccess Tutorial

Cigre AUS 2011 HVDC & GridAccess Tutorial