1. A 49-year-old man has been stabbed in the lower right chest.

After assessing him, you suspect that the knife punctured the lung and is causing internal bleeding. In this situation, the mechanism of injury would be a. b. c. d. a penetrating injury. an assailant with a knife. blunt trauma to the lungs. internal hemorrhage.

Answer a !bjecti"e 1#-$ %eference &'1 '. A patient in"ol"ed in an altercation was struck in the ribs with a baseball bat. (our assessment re"eals intact skin with significant bruising to the right lateral chest. )hen palpating this area you note instability and crepitus to the rib cage. An !*+ ,echnician would recogni-e a a. b. c. d. thoracic injury secondary to penetrating trauma. chest injury caused by blunt trauma. pulmonary injury caused by penetrating trauma. chest wall injury caused by acceleration forces.

Answer b !bjecti"e 1#-$ %eference &'1 $. A hea"y-set snowboarder was critically injured when he crashed into a tree on a .riday night. It was reported that he was clearly out of control while tra"eling at a high rate of speed down the e/pert trail. )hich of the following factors had the greatest impact on the e/tent of his injuries0 a. b. c. d. ,he skier1s weight ,he si-e of the tree he hit ,he dimly lit trail ,he speed the skier was going

Answer d !bjecti"e 1#-' %eference &'' 4. A '$-year-old skier falls about '2 feet from the chairlift. Aside from his complaints of soreness, you don1t see any ob"ious injuries. ,he skier states that as long as his legs aren1t broken, he1s going to continue skiing. )hich of the following statements would be your best response to him0 a. 34ince this happened at a ski area you should get e"aluated. (ou may be able to sue.5 b. 3.rom a fall of that height you may ha"e hurt some internal organs. (ou really should be e/amined.5

c. 34ince you did not lose responsi"eness, it1s probably !6 to go back to skiing. If your legs start to hurt you should probably get checked.5 d. 3(ou may feel !6 now, but you will probably be sore later. (ou should go to the hospital and get some pain medication.5 Answer b !bjecti"e 1#-& %eference &$2 &. (our friends are discussing a hunting accident they heard about on the news. A hunter was shot with a high-powered rifle, and the report indicated that he had damage to se"eral internal organs. .rom your knowledge of mechanisms of injury, you can tell your friends that this type of injury is called a a. b. c. d. high-impact injury. high-"elocity penetrating injury. projectile injury. blast injury.

Answer b !bjecti"e 1#-$ %eference &'1 7. (ou are called to the "ehicle maintenance department on the mountain, where a fairly large e/plosion has occurred. ,he first injured person you talk to tells you that he is ha"ing e/cruciating ear pain. (ou recogni-e that his ear pain may be caused by a. b. c. d. inner ear damage caused by the noise of the e/plosion. a primary blast injury to the inner ear. a secondary blast injury to the inner ear. ear damage resulting from e/posure to the heat produced by the e/plosion.

Answer b !bjecti"e 1#-$ %eference &'1 #. ,he term golden hour refers to the a. time period when patient sur"i"al rates may be enhanced if critical injuries are identified and managed. b. amount of time you ha"e to decide if a patient needs to be sent to a trauma hospital. c. amount of time it takes to stop the bleeding from a penetrating injury. d. hour before sunset, when most cases of on-hill trauma occur. Answer a !bjecti"e 1#-& %eference &'7

8. )hich of the following statements indicates that an !*+ ,echnician understands the importance of e"aluating the mechanism of injury0 a. 3,he mechanism of injury is useful in determining the e/act injuries a patient has sustained.5 b. 3*"aluating the mechanism of injury is important because it determines whether emergency transport to the hospital is needed.5 c. 3,he mechanism of injury is a useful tool in determining whether a patient1s outcome will be good or bad.5 d. 3,he mechanism of injury can gi"e "aluable clues about the source of injury and how seriously a patient is injured.5 Answer d !bjecti"e 1#-1 %eference &1# 9. )hich of the following statements best describes the capabilities of a 9e"el III trauma center0 a. ,he hospital can manage all trauma patients, '4 hours a day, # days a week. b. ,he hospital has specially trained trauma nurses on duty at all times, who will call a doctor if needed. c. ,he hospital will pro"ide emergency care to trauma patients and then transfer them once they are stable. d. ,he hospital has some surgical capabilities to help trauma patients but does not ha"e e"ery subspecialist a"ailable. Answer d !bjecti"e 1#-4 %eference &'# 12. )hich of the following characteristics is not one of the fi"e le"els upon which trauma center designations are based0 a. b. c. d. +omple/ity of patient problems 4peciali-ation Age of the patient A"ailability of care that the facility can accommodate

Answer c !bjecti"e 1#-4 %eference &'# 11. ,rauma centers are specifically designed to a. pro"ide training to physicians who will work with trauma patients. b. manage patients with multi-system trauma.

c. encourage patients with less urgent injuries to use lower-le"el facilities. d. be testing areas for physicians who wish to be 3board certified5 as trauma surgeons. Answer b !bjecti"e 1#-4 %eference &'# 1'. )hich of the following descriptions describes a patient suffering from multi-system trauma0 a. A '4-year-old male who was tackled in a football game and has pain and deformity in his right shoulder and left wrist b. A 7#-year-old male who fell down a flight of stairs, has an open fracture of the left lower leg, and is complaining of se"ere abdominal pain c. A $'-year-old female who was stabbed by her boyfriend d. A #2-year-old female who slipped on some ice and has a hematoma at the back of her head Answer b !bjecti"e 1#-$ %eference &'# 1$. (ou arri"e alone at a scene at which a 17-year-old skier has collided with a tree. :e is unresponsi"e and has blood flowing from his ears and nose. :e was not wearing a helmet. )hich of the following lists reflects the most appropriate care of this patient0 a. ;rimary assessment, airway management, immobili-ation, transport as soon as possible b. ;rimary assessment, o/ygen administration, rapid transport to the aid room, immobili-ation in the aid room c. Immobili-ation, transfer to a sled, completion of the assessment in the aid room d. ;rimary assessment, immobili-ation, bandaging of the ears to control bleeding, airway management Answer a !bjecti"e 1#-& %eference &$2 14. )hich of the following factors does not directly relate to the se"erity of bodily injury0 a. b. c. d. ,he amount of kinetic energy absorbed ,he direction the kinetic energy tra"els ,he si-e of the injured person ,he density of the structures impacted

Answer c !bjecti"e 1#-1 %eference &'2

1&. 6inetic energy is absorbed based on the density of the structure<organ in"ol"ed. )hich of the following lists places the organs in the order of their 3threshold for injury50 a. b. c. d. .ull urinary bladder, femur, lung .emur, lung, kidneys 6idneys, lungs, femur .emur, kidneys, muscle

Answer c !bjecti"e 1#-1 %eference &'1 17. )hich of the following terms is not a 3mechanism of injury50 a. b. c. d. =lunt injury %otational injury 4tabbing injury +rushing injury

Answer c !bjecti"e 1#-1 %eference &'1 1#. >islocating a shoulder after catching a ski pole on a tree branch is an e/ample of an injury caused by which ?!I0 a. b. c. d. %otational injury =lunt injury )hiplash injury +ompressi"e injury

Answer a !bjecti"e 1#-$ %eference &'' 18. )hich of the following injuries is an e/ample of a tertiary blast injury0 a. b. c. d. A fracture caused by the body being thrown to the ground A ruptured ear drum =urns from flying debris +hest pain in a patient with known cardiac disease

Answer a !bjecti"e 1#-$ %eference &'$

19. ,he group of signs and symptoms that are often seen during the initial stages of patient blast management, which is known as the 3blast pattern triad,5 includes a. b. c. d. tachycardia, confusion, and urinary incontinence. hypertension, bradycardia, and apnea. apnea, hypotension, and bradycardia. confusion, bradycardia, and hypertension.

Answer c !bjecti"e 1#-$ %eference &'4 '2. A trauma assessment should be completed within 1@' minutes and includes all of the following tasks except: a. b. c. d. taking a complete history. e"aluating a patient1s le"el of consciousness. assessing the A=+>s. performing a detailed physical e/am.

Answer d !bjecti"e 1#-& %eference &$2 '1. :igh-"elocity injuries and low-"elocity injuries are two types of which mechanism of injury0 a. b. c. d. =lunt trauma ;enetrating injury =last injury +losed trauma

Answer b !bjecti"e 1#-' %eference &'' ''. :igh-"elocity injuries are usually the result of a. b. c. d. the collision of cars tra"eling at greater than 7& mph. the impact of a bullet from a high-powered rifle. an out-of-control skier hitting another skier. stab wounds.

Answer b !bjecti"e 1#-' %eference &''

'$. ,issue damage caused by low-"elocity injuries is usually a. b. c. d. not "ery deep. not life-threatening. limited to the path of the object. known to occur to a"alanche "ictims.

Answer c !bjecti"e 1#-' %eference &''