Part A 1. Glycolysis reactions, enzymes, regulation, localization, significance, relation to the other metabolic pathways 2.

. Gluconeogenesis reactions, enzymes, regulation, localization, significance, relation to the other metabolic pathways 3. Pentose phosphate pathway reactions, enzymes, regulation, localization, significance, relation to the other pathways 4. etabolism of fructose, galactose, an! mannose

". Glycogen biosynthesis an! brea#!own, regulation $. &. etabolic fates of pyru%ate as a pro!uct of glycolysis etabolic fate of acetyl'(oA

). *rea cycle reactions, enzymes, regulation, localization, significance, relation to the other pathways +. ,egra!ation of amino aci!s to citric aci! cycle interme!iates 1-. Amino aci!s as precursors for biosynthesis of biologically acti%e compoun!s 11. ,egra!ation of amino aci!s that form pyru%ate an! o.aloacetate 12. ,egra!ation of amino aci!s that form 2'o.oglutarate, acetyl'(oA, an! acetoacetate 13. ,egra!ation of amino aci!s that form succinyl'(oA an! fumarate 14. Amino aci! !eamination an! amino aci! transamination, e.amples 1". /riacylglycerol metabolism localization, single reactions, enzymes, regulation 1$. 0atty aci! biosynthesis localization, single reactions, enzymes, regulation 1&. 0atty aci! o.i!ation localization, single reactions, enzymes, regulation 1). (holesterol biosynthesis !etail reactions to regulatory enzyme, localization, regulation 1+. Glycerophospholipi!s biosynthesis an! !egra!ation 2-. 1phingolipi!s biosynthesis an! !egra!ation 21. 2etone bo!ies biosynthesis, localization, significance 22. (itric aci! cycle single reactions, enzymes an! their regulation, localization, significance, relation to the other metabolic pathways 23. Glyo.ylate cycle single reactions, enzymes an! their regulation, localization, significance, relation to the citric aci! cycle

24. 3eme biosynthesis, !egra!ation, regulation 2". Purine ribonucleoti!es biosynthesis, !egra!ation, regulation 2$. Pyrimi!ine ribonucleoti!es biosynthesis, !egra!ation, regulation 2&. ,eo.yribonucleoti!es biosynthesis an! regulation

Part 4 1. 1tructure, composition an! properties of amino aci!s, pepti!es, proteins5 !enaturation 2. 6nzymes their significance in metabolism, uni7ueness, composition 8nomenclature an! classification of enzymes9 3. 6nzyme #inetics e%aluation 4. ultiple substrate reactions se7uential an! !ouble !isplacements

". 6nzyme inhibition e%aluation, properties of inhibitors $. echanism an! unusualness of enzyme catalysis, enzyme acti%ity regulation, allosteric effect, co%alent mo!ulation e.amples

&. (oenzymes structure, function, relation to %itamins ). /hermo!ynamics of biochemical reactions reaction coupling, criterion of spontaneity, A/P significance +. 1-. etabolism characteristics, significance, regulation, general features etabolism interrelationship !ifferent sources

11. (ori cycle !escription, localization, significance 12. embrane transport acti%e, passi%e, significance, e.amples

13. :nner mitochon!rial membrane transport systems e.amples, significance, compartmentization 14. Pyru%ate !ehy!rogenase comple. o%er%iew, localization, regulation, significance 1". ;espiratory chain localization, o%er%iew, significance 1$. <.i!ati%e phosphorylation localization, o%er%iew, significance, regulation 1&. =ucleosi!e triphosphate significance an! utilization 1). 3ormones structures, mechanism of action, transport 1+. 1ignificance of signal trans!uction receptors, secon! messengers 2-. 4asic types of receptors, membrane receptors 21. 1ignal trans!uctions by G proteins ' e.amples 22. etabolism of .enobiotics significance, enzyme characteristic, factors affecting metabolism, e.amples