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Annotated Bibliography

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The Birth Control of a Nation: Margaret Sangers Crusade for Reproductive Rights Primary Sources
AnthonyComstock.ca.1910.InAnthonyComstock,Fighter:SomeImpressionsofaLifetime AdventureinConflictwiththePowersofEvil,byCharlesGallaudetTrumbull.NewYork City,NY:n.p.,1913. TheimageofAnthonyComstock,whichisfeaturedinthebodyofmyContextpage,was originallythefrontispieceofthis1913book. BainNewsService.MargaretSanger.Photograph.ca.19101915.LCDIGggbain16122.Bain Collection.LibraryofCongress,Washington,D.C.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ggb2005016133/. IusedthisportraitofMargaretSangerintheheaderofmyMakingsoftheRebelpage.Ichose thisphotographbecauseitprovidesanintimatelookatSanger. MargaretSanger.Photograph.ca.19101920.LCDIGggbain20859.BainCollection. LibraryofCongress,Washington,D.C.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ggb2005020852/. ThisimageofMargaretSangerseatedatherdeskisusedintheheaderofmyMakingsofthe Rebelpage.Ichoseitbecauseitprovidedvariationamongtheotherphotos,mostofwhichwereposed portraits. MargaretSanger.Photograph.LCDIGggbain23669.BainCollection.LibraryofCongress, Washington,D.C.AccessedFebruary17,2014. 1

http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ggb2005023903/. IusedthisphotographofMargaretSangerstandingonthesidewalkonmyMakingsofthe Rebelpage.IretrievedtheimagefromtheLibraryofCongressPrintsandPhotographsOnlineCatalog. Mrs.MargaretSanger.Photograph.LCDIGggbain23218.BainCollection.Libraryof Congress,Washington,D.C.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ggb2005023228/. IretrievedthisphotographofMargaretSangerfromtheLibraryofCongressBainCollection. ThephotodepictsSangerinaction,apparentlyteachinganotherwoman.Idecidedtousethisphoto, alongwithfiveotherportraits,ontheheaderoftheMakingsoftheRebelpage. BirthControlReview,November1923.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://lunainsight.smith.edu:8180/luna/servlet/s/0km4k9. IusedthecoveroftheeditionoftheBirthControlReviewonmySplitfromRadicalismpage. ItbelongstoMargaretSangerPapersattheSophiaSmithCollectionatSmithCollege. TheBismarckTribune(Bismarck,ND),January2,1917.ChroniclingAmerica:HistoricAmerican Newspapers.LibraryofCongress. http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85042243/19170102/ed1/seq1/. ThisisthefrontpageoftheBismarckTribuneinBismarck,NorthDakotaonJanuary2,1917.I retrievedtheimagefromLibraryofCongressChroniclingAmericaonlinecollection.Ichosethisfront pageprimarilybecauseIthoughtthedescriptionofMargaretSangeralittleredheaded,fireeating birthcontroladvocatewastoogoodnottoincludeonmywebsite.ThearticleisfeaturedonThe BrownsvilleClinicandasmallerversioncanbefoundonmySupplementaryMaterialspage. BottlecontainingoralcontraceptiveEnovid.Photograph.1962.LCUSZ62128827.NewYork WorldTelegramandtheSunNewspaperPhotographCollection.LibraryofCongress, Washington,D.C.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2001699965/. ThisphotographofabottleofEnovidisapartoftheLibraryofCongressNewYork WorldTelegramandtheSunNewspaperPhotographCollection.IusetheimageonmypageThePill toillustratehowwhatstartedasSangersabstractdreambecameapalpable,indeedhandheld,reality. BrownsvilleClinicExterior.Photograph.ca.1916.SophiaSmithCollection,SmithCollege, 2

Northampton,MA. ThisimageoftheexterioroftheBrownsvilleClinicisfeaturedonthepageentitledThe BrownsvilleClinic. CircularAdvertisingBrownsvilleClinic.Image.1916.PlannedParenthoodFederationofAmerica Records.SophiaSmithCollection,SmithCollege,Northampton,MA. IfeaturedthiscircularadvertisingtheBrownsvilleClinicontheBrownsvilleClinicpageto illustratesomeoftheworkdoneinpreparationforlaunchingtheclinic. TheDailyCapitalJournal(Salem,OR),October21,1916.ChroniclingAmerica:Historic AmericanNewspapers.LibraryofCongress. http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn99063957/19161021/ed1/seq1/. ThisisthefrontpageoftheDailyCapitalJournalinSalem,OregononOctober21,1916.I retrievedtheimagefromLibraryofCongressChroniclingAmerica.Iusedthisfrontpagetoillustrate theimmediatepublicityvalueoftheBrownsvilleClinic.ItisfeaturedonthepageentitledThe BrownsvilleClinicandIshowahigherquality,zoomedinversiononSupplementaryMaterials. Davis,JohnRenfro.NewYorkGirls.FolkMusicofEngland,Scotland,Ireland,WalesandAmerica. Midiaudiofile.AccessedFebruary17,2014.http://www.contemplator.com/sea/nygirls.html. IretrievedthisfamiliarfolksongfromLesleyNelsonBurnsFolkMusicSite.Ilikedthe authentic,excitingqualitiesofthissonganddecidedtouseitonmyContextpage.Icategorizedthisasa primarysourcebecauseitisafolksongactuallyfromtheearly20thcentury. TheEveningWorld(NewYork,NY),January29,1917.ChroniclingAmerica:HistoricAmerican Newspapers.LibraryofCongress. http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030193/19170129/ed1/seq1/. ThisisthefrontpageoftheNewYorkCitybasedEveningWorldonJanuary29,1917.Itis featuredonTheBrownsvilleClinicandSupplementaryMaterialsandshowscontinuedcoverageof Byrneshungerstrike,despiteWorldWarIbeginningtoassumegreaterpublicimportance. FourthInternationalConferenceonPlannedParenthood.Photograph.1953.AccessedFebruary 17,2014. https://sangerpapers.wordpress.com/2013/04/22/unerasingwomenfromhistorytheglobalwi kipediawritein/. 3

ThisimageisusedastheheaderonmyConclusionpage.Ichosethephotographbecauseit portraysastrong,vibrantreproductiverightsmovement.Thestrikingandhighqualityimagealso symbolizesallofthechangeMargaretSangersuccessfullycreated. Gibson,CharlesDana.TheirFirstQuarrel.Illustration.1914.WikimediaCommons.Accessed February17,2014.http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Their_First_Quarrel,_Gibson.jpg. Thishumorousillustrationdepictsamanandawomanbacktoback,eachwithabooktothe face.ThetitleTheirFirstQuarrelemphasizesthetensionscreatedbyrecentempowermentfor women.Theemergenceofthefierce,independentNewWomaninthelate19thcenturyforcedmento adjusttothisfreedom.ThisboldimagereflectsthechangegoingonintheProgressiveEra,soIdecided toincludeitonmyContextpage. Glackens,LouisM.St.AnthonyComstock,theVillageNuisance.Cartoon.Puck,August22,1906. AccessedFebruary17,2014.http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2011645932/. Iretrievedthis1906cartoonmockingAnthonyComstockfromtheLibraryofCongressPrints andPhotographsOnlineCatalog.IusedthisimageinthebodyoftheContextpage.Ialsoeditedthe imageandputmyversionintheheaderofthesamepage.Ichosethisimagebecauseofitshumorous approachtoComstockssociallyconservativecrusade. Hine,LewisWickes.RowofTenements,260to268ElizabethSt.,N.Y.Photograph.March1912. LCDIGnclc04208.NationalChildLaborCommitteeCollection.LibraryofCongress, Washington,D.C.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ncl2004003450/PP/. ThisimageofarowofcongestedNewYorkCitytenementhousesisusedonmyMakingsof theRebelpagetogiveviewersalookatconditionsintenementhousesintheProgressiveEra.There waslittletonoaccesstosanitationorprivacyintenementhouses,makingitafarfromideallocationfor raisingafamily. InaNewYorkTenementHouseTheWholeFamilyatWorkTakingoutthePecanKernels. Photograph.c1911.LCUSZ6291915.LibraryofCongress,Washington,D.C.Accessed February17,2014.http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/96509935/. IretrievedthisimageofafamilyofeightintheirNewYorkCitytenementhomefromthe LibraryofCongressPrintsandPhotographsOnlineCatalog.Thisimageshowshowlargemanyfamilies wereintheearly20thcentury.Italsogivesviewersaninsidelookintoacrampedtenementhome.Itis 4

usedintheheaderoftheContextpage. LetsTalkAboutSex.ByHurbyAzorandAlBell.Recorded1990.OnBlacksMagic.Performed bySaltNPepa.NextPlateauRecords,1991,compactdisc.AccessedFebruary17,2014. WhileIwaslookingformusicformywebsite,myfriendjokinglysuggestedthatIusethesong LetsTalkAboutSex.Onelistenshowedmethatthesonghadhighpotentialformywebsite.Even thoughitmaynotbeahighlyacademicsource,Idecidedtousethissongonmyhomepage,becauseI thoughtthatthebold,informativemessagefitrightinwiththetoneofthewebsiteandevenwith MargaretSangersbeliefs.Italsogavethesiteasenseofhumor.IcontactedSaltNPepaviaTwitter toaskpermissiontousethesongandwasdelightedwhentheyrespondedintheaffirmative. MargaretHigginsatFourteen.1893.InMyFightforBirthControl,byMargaretSanger.New York:Farrar&Rinehart,1931. IusedthisrarephotographofayoungMargaretSangeronmyMakingsoftheRebelpage. MargaretSanger.Photograph.SophiaSmithCollection.SmithCollege,Northampton,MA. IusedthisovalshapedphotographofMargaretSangeronmyhomepage.Asmallerversion servesasmyfavicon.IchosethisimagebecauseitisoneofthelesscommonlyusedphotosofSanger anditgivesheralittlebitofpersonality.Italsoimmediatelyshowsviewerswhatthewebsiteisabout. MargaretSanger.Photograph.1922.LCUSZ6229808.PrintsandPhotographsDivision.Libraryof Congress,Washington,D.C.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2004672785/. ThisportraitofMargaretSangerisoneofthemorewellknownphotographsofher,andI decidedtoputitinthecenteroftheheaderonmyMakingsoftheRebelpage. MotherswithbabycarriageswaitoutsideMargaretSangersbirthcontrolclinic.Photograph.1916. PlannedParenthoodFederationofAmerica. Thispopularimage,whichbelongstothePlannedParenthoodFederationofAmerica,isused onmypageabouttheBrownsvilleClinictogiveviewersanimpressionoftheclinicssuccess. NewYorkTribune(NewYork,NY),February3,1917,ChroniclingAmerica:HistoricAmerican Newspapers.LibraryofCongress. http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/19170203/ed1/seq5/. 5

ThisisapagefromtheNewYorkTribuneonFebruary3,1917.RetrievedfromChronicling America,thisimageestablishesthatMargaretSangerwasconvictedandfoundguiltyintheBrownsville Trial.ItisfeaturedontheBrownsvilleClinicandSupplementaryMaterialspages. TheOgdenStandard.(OgdenCity,UT),January,30,1917,ChroniclingAmerica:Historic AmericanNewspapers.LibraryofCongress. http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85058396/19170130/ed1/seq1/. ThisisanimageofthefrontpageoftheOgdenStandardonJanuary30,1917.Itcommunicates theideathatByrnewaswillingtodieforthecauseofbirthcontrol.ItisfeaturedonTheBrownsville ClinicandSupplementaryMaterials. OrthoNovumAdvertisement.1963.InOnthePill:ASocialHistoryofOralContraceptives, 19501970,byElizabethSiegelWatkins.Baltimore:JohnsHopkinsUniversityPress,1998. Iusedthis1963OrthoNovumadvertisementastheheaderofmypageaboutthePill.Ichose theimagebecauseitisattractive,relevant,andeyecatching. PaulVI,andMarcCaligari.HumanaeVitae:EncyclicalLetterofHisHolinessPopePaulVI,On theRegulationofBirths.SanFrancisco:IgnatiusPress,1983. IincludedexcerptsfromHumanaeVitaeonmypageentitledThePilltoshowtheCatholic Churchsstancetowardsartificialcontraception. ThePill.ByLoreneAllen,DonMcHan,andT.D.Bayless.ProducedbyOwenBradley.Recorded 1972.OnBacktotheCountry.PerformedbyLorettaLynn.MCARecords,1975,compact disc.AccessedFebruary17,2014. IfoundarecordingofLorettaLynnscensored1975songThePillduringmyresearchandI reallylikeditbecauseitshowedtheliberationprovidedtowomenbythebirthcontrolpill.Idecidedto includeanexcerptfromthesongonthepageentitledThePillandtoincludethefulllyricsasapartof SupplementaryMaterials. Portraitfromthemid50s.Photograph.ca.1950.SophiaSmithCollection,SmithCollege, Northampton,MA.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://sangerpapers.wordpress.com/2012/02/23/anotherlookatmargaretsangerandrace/. IusedthisimageonmypageentitledThePilltoaccompanythetextaboutMargaretSangers 6

death.Ichoseafriendly,dynamicphotoofSangerbecauseIthoughtitwouldaffectviewersmorethan adecrepitphotographofher. RaidonBrownsvilleClinic.Photograph.1917.MargaretSangerPapers.SophiaSmithCollection, SmithCollege,Northampton,MA. Thisimage,whichisprobablyastillfromthe1917filmBirthControl,depictstheraidonthe BrownsvilleClinic.Itisfeaturedastheheaderimageformypageabouttheclinic.Thephotoisanideal headerbecauseitisdramatic,eyecatching,andrelevant. RitaBurreulwithhersevenchildren,1935.GroupphotoforTucson,ArizonaMothersHealthClinic. Photograph.1935.MargaretSangerPapers.SophiaSmithCollection,SmithCollege, Northampton,MA.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://www.smith.edu/libraries/libs/ssc/popups/popburruel.html. IobtainedthisphotographofRitaBurreulwithhersevenchildrenfromtheMargaretSanger Papers,apartoftheSophiaSmithCollectionatSmithCollege.Iusedthisimageintheheaderofthe pageentitledContextbecauseitprovidesaglimpseintothesizeofanAmericanfamilyintheearly20th century. Sanger,Margaret.MargaretSanger.InterviewbyMikeWallace.TheMikeWallaceInterview. ABC.September21,1957. IwatchedthisinterviewofMargaretSangerontheMikeWallaceInterviewbecauseithad beenreferencedinseveralothersourcesandIwantedtobeabletocuratemyownresearchby watchingtheentireinterview.ExploringthissourceenabledmetoseefirsthandhowSangerfalteredas aspeakerlaterinlife.ItalsotaughtmeaboutthebirthcontrolmovementinSangersownwords.Iused aclipfromthisinterviewonmypageThePilltoshowSangerscontroversialopinionsontheChurch.I categorizedthissourceasprimarybecauseitwasmadeduringSangerslifeandisapartofherstory. MargaretSangerDefendsHerBattleFortheRightofBirthControl.TheNewYorkSunday Call(NewYork),December5,1915.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://wyatt.elasticbeanstalk.com/mep/MS/xml/ms129015.html. IretrievedthisarticlefromawebsitefeaturingelectronicsamplesfromMargaretSangers WomanRebeldays.IusedittobuildmyargumentonmyMakingsoftheRebelpagebecausethe articlerevealshowSangerthoughtgrantingtherighttobirthcontrolwouldimprovetheconditionsof downtroddenworkers. 7

WhatEveryGirlShouldKnow.TheNewYorkCall(NewYork),February9,1913. IusedanimageofthisarticleonmyMakingsoftheRebelpage.AfterMargaretSangersseries WhatEveryGirlShouldKnowwasbannedfromthemailsbythePostOfficeDepartment,theeditors removedtheseries,buttheyretaliatedbyprintingthisheadline:WhatEveryGirlShouldKnow: Nothing!ByOrderofthePostOffice.Iusedthisimage,whichIretrievedfromtheMargaretSanger PapersProjectsblog,tohelpimpartthispopularanecdote. TheWomanRebel,Vol.1,No.1.EditedbyEstherKatz,CathyMoranHajo,andPeter Engelman.TheMargaretSangerPapers:MargaretSangerandtheWomanRebel.Last modified2000.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://wyatt.elasticbeanstalk.com/mep/MS/xml/ms308396.html. ThisdigitizedversionofthefirsteditionofMargaretSangersshortlivedperiodicalThe WomanRebelwaspublishedbytheMargaretSangerPapersProjectandtheBoardofTrusteesofthe UniversityofSouthCarolina.QuotationsandimagesfromthenewslettercanbefoundonContextand TheMakingsoftheRebel.Theentire,eightpagenewsletterisfeaturedintheSupplementaryMaterials andthefooter(AWomansDuty)isalsofeaturedasthefooterofmywebsite.Ithinkthatthese selectionswerestrongadditionstomywebsitebecausetheyworked withthethemeofrightsandresponsibilities,aswellaswithmydesignthemeofboldness. FamilyLimitation.1917.PDF. ThisPDFofMargaretSangerswellknownpamphletFamilyLimitationisoneofthe documentsonmySupplementaryMaterialspage.IretrievedthedigitizedpamphletfromMichiganState UniversitysAmericanRadicalismonlinearchive.Theinstructivepamphletexplainsmanyofthe contraceptivesavailableintheearlytwentiethcenturyandgivesaglimpseintohowSangerfeltabout eachone. SangerandBrownsvilleClinicmothersandsupportersather1917trial.Photograph.January8,1917. PlannedParenthoodofNewYorkCity.AccessedFebruary17,2014. IusedthisphotographastheheaderonmySplitfromRadicalismpage.Ithoughtitmadea strongheaderbecauseitwasattractiveandillustratedtheevolutionofthebirthcontrolmovement. TheSeattleStar(Seattle,WA),January25,1917.ChroniclingAmerica:HistoricAmerican Newspapers.LibraryofCongress. http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87093407/19170125/ed1/seq1/. 8

ThisisthefrontpageoftheSeattleStaronJanuary24,1917.Theimage,whichisfromLibrary ofCongressChroniclingAmericacollectionofdigitizedhistoricalnewspapers,showsthepublicity valueofByrneshungerstrike,asthehungerstrikequicklymadefrontpagenewsaroundthecountry. ThisimageisfeaturedontheBrownsvilleClinicandSupplementaryMaterialspages. SexOClockinAmerica.CurrentOpinion,JulyDecember1913,11314.AccessedFebruary17, 2014.http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006057385. Thefirstthingthatstuckouttomeaboutthisarticlewastheboldheadline:SexOClockin America.AfterseeingjusttheheadlineinDavidM.KennedysBirthControlinAmerica,Isearched theinternetuntilIfoundthisdigitizedversionoftheJulyDecember1913issueofCurrentOpinion.A readingofthearticlegavemeanindepthlookintodiverseopinionsontheroleofsexinAmerican culture.IdecidedtofeaturetheboldheadlineontheContextpage,aswellasincludingthefullarticleon mySupplementaryMaterialspage.OnethingIlikedaboutbeingabletocuratemyownresearchlike thisorwiththeChroniclingAmericahistoricalnewspapersisthatitenablesmetoseethatmytopic doesnotexistinavacuum. TheSun(NewYork,NY),March7,1917.ChroniclingAmerica:HistoricAmericanNewspapers. LibraryofCongress. http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030431/19170307/ed1/seq6/. ThisisthesixthpageofTheSunonMarch7,1917.RetrievedfromChroniclingAmericaand featuredonTheBrownsvilleClinicandSupplementaryMaterials,twoseparateheadlinesestablishthat MargaretSangerservedtimeinjailandthatthebirthcontrolmovementkeptpickingupspeedafterher release. TheTacomaTimes(Tacoma,WA),January27,1917,ChroniclingAmerica:HistoricAmerican Newspapers.LibraryofCongress. http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn88085187/19170127/ed1/seq1/. Thisimage,whichwasretrievedfromLibraryofCongressChroniclingAmerica,isusedonThe BrownsvilleClinicandSupplementaryMaterials.ThedigitizedfrontpageoftheTacomaTimeson January27,1917showscontinuedcoverageofByrneshungerstrike. ThisIBelieve.WhenChildrenAreWanted.NPR.FirstbroadcastMay11,1953.Performedby MargaretSanger. IusedanexcerptfromthisprograminmyconclusionandIincludedtheentireessayonthe SupplementaryMaterialspage.ThisessaygavemeanideaofhowMargaretSangermaintainedher 9

singularpurposeandhersignatureboldness,eveninoldage. Time,April7,1967.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19670407,00.html. IusedtheApril7,1967coverofTimeonmypageThePilltoexpresstheliberationthePill providedtowomen. Underwood&Underwood.MargaretSanger,halflengthportrait,seatedbehinddesk,surroundedby twelveotherwomen.Photograph.19201940.LCUSZ62105460.PrintsandPhotographs Division.LibraryofCongress,Washington,D.C.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/93504866/. ThisisaphotographofMargaretSangerseatedatadesk,surroundedbyfellowactivists.I retrievedthisimagefromtheLibraryofCongressPrintsandPhotographsOnlineCatalog.Thisimageis theheaderofmyhomepage.IchoseitbecausetheviewerseyesgorighttoSangerandseeherinthe contextofamovement. Awomanswatsawaythestorkwhichhasbroughtherherchild.Illustration.ca.1900.Wikimedia Commons.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:VictorianPostcard.jpg. Thisturnofthetwentiethcenturypostcarddepictsawomanusingherumbrellatofendoffthe stork,whoiscarryinganewbornchildinitsbeak.Thepostcardswhimsicalportrayalofawoman yearningtobefreedfromtherestrictionsofchildbearingmadeitanidealchoiceformywebsite,andI includeditintheheaderofmyContextpage.

SecondarySources AmericanExperience.ThePill.Episode9.PBS.FirstbroadcastFebruary17,2003.Directedby ChanaGazitandDavidSteward.WrittenbyChanaGazit.NarratedbyBlairBrown. IwatchedAmericanExperienceThePillduringSangerfest,mynameforaweekwhenI exploredmanydiversesourcestogainaclearerpictureofMargaretSangeranddevelopmyideas abouther.ThisdocumentaryfocusedonthePillandwasveryhelpfulwhileIwasbuildingmypage entitledThePill.IusedquotationsfromthefilmonTheMakingsoftheRebelandThePillandtwo 45secondvideoclipsfromthepPillappearintheanalysissectionofThePill.Ialsogotalotof informationfromtheonlineguidetothefilm,includingprimarydocumentssuchasthevintagePill 10

packagesfeaturedonmySupplementaryMaterialspage.Whilethisdocumentaryandthe accompanyingwebsitehadalotofprimarydocuments,Icategorizedthisasasecondarysource becausethefilmprovideditsowncontexttothesedocuments. Cox,Vicki.MargaretSanger:RebelforWomensRights.WomeninMedicine.Philadelphia:Chelsea HousePublishers,2005. AsthefirstfulllengthbookIreadinmyresearch,MargaretSanger:RebelforWomens Rightsservedasagoodjumpingoffpointandprovidedmewiththebiographicalfoundationonwhich tobuildtherestofmyresearch.IalsofeaturedalargeportionoftheScenesfromtheLifeofMargaret SangersectiononmySplitfromRadicalismpagetotellthestoryofthebirthcontrolmovementinfew words.Icategorizedthisbookasasecondarysourcebecauseitwaswrittenafterthefactasan examinationofMargaretSangerslife. GuttmacherInstitute.ContraceptiveUseintheUnitedStates.Newsrelease.August2013.Accessed February17,2014.http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/fb_contr_use.html. Iusedthisfactsheettolearnaboutcontraceptiveusetoday.Ialsoincludedfoureyecatching figuresonmypageentitledThePill.Icategorizedthisasasecondarysourcebecauseitdoesnothavea roleintheactualcareerofMargaretSanger,butratherinherlegacy. Hajo,CathyMoran,andEstherKatz.MargaretSanger:OriginalAnalysis.InMilestoneDocuments ofAmericanLeaders,editedbyPaulFinkelman,193038.Vol.4.N.p.:SchlagerGroup, 2009. IbeganmyresearchbyreadingMargaretSangersentryinMilestoneDocumentsof AmericanLeaders.Myschoollibrariandirectedmetothesource,whichfeaturedanoverviewof MargaretSangerslifeandprovidedcontextfortheaccompanyingprimarydocuments.Ireadandtook detailednotesonSexualImpulsePartII,ThePreventionofConception,HotelBrevoort Speech,andBirthControlandRacialBetterment.Itwasinterestingtobeginmyresearchbyforming myownopinionswithprimarysourcesratherthanstartingwithsecondarysources.Thisreadingwasa greatjumpingoffpointformeanddemonstratedhowsheneverlostsightofhergoalsinspiteofalong, everevolvingjourney.Icategorizedthisasasecondarysourcebecause,eventhoughitfeaturedoriginal documents,itwaswrittenafterthefactandlackedtheoriginalcontext. Hendershott,Anne.SangersRacistLegacyLivesoninNewYorkCitySchools.CrisisMagazine, February23,2013.AccessedFebruary17,2014. http://www.crisismagazine.com/2013/sangersracistlegacylivesoninnewyorkcityschools. 11

IreadthisarticlebecauseIwantedtoincludesomenotsoSangerfriendlysourcesinmy research.Thiswasthemostreasonablearticlethatwascriticalofthemodernreproductiverightsfrom myfindings.Likeotherwebsites,thisarticleusedSangersconnectionstoeugenicstodiscreditthebirth controlmovement.Italsodemonstratedmodernapprehensionaboutbirthcontrolandpopulation control.IalsousedtheaccompanyingimageonmypageentitledConclusion.Ilabeledthisasa secondarysourcebecauseitwaswrittenafterthefactandprovideditsowncontexttothequotation andimage. Kennedy,DavidM.BirthControlinAmerica:TheCareerofMargaretSanger.NewHaven:Yale UniversityPress,1970. DavidM.KennedysBirthControlinAmericaservedasmymainresourceduringmy researchprocess.ItprovidedanindepthlookatMargaretSangerscareerandprovidedverygood historicalcontext.OneadvantageofthisbookwasthatitdidnotwhitewashMargaretSanger,but rather(asarevieweronthebackcoversays)delightsinhernumerousfoiblesandvanitieswithout detractingfromhergreatness.ThisbookwasaveryhelpfulresourceformeandIincludedseveral quotationsfromthebookaroundmywebsite.Thefootnotesofthebookalsoprovidedmewitha multitudeofprimarysourcestoexplorelaterinmyresearch. Knowles,Jon.MargaretSanger20thCenturyHero.NewYork,NY:KatherineDexter McCormickLibrary,2009.PDF. IaccessedthisreportfromPlannedParenthoodswebsite.Itwashelpfulforfillinginthegapsin myknowledgeaboutMargaretSangerscareer.Thereportalsoprovidedstrongquotationsfromkey momentsinhercareer.IwaspleasedthatthisreportdidnotwhitewashSanger,butratherprovided reasonabledefensesofhercontroversialaspects.Icategorizedthisasasecondarysourcebecauseit wasareportwrittenbyaresearcherafterMargaretSangerscareerhadended. Sanger,Margaret.Speech.TheSpeechesandArticlesofMargaretSanger,19111959.Accessed February17,2014.http://www.nyu.edu/projects/sanger/webedition/app/. Thisimportantresourcecontainsnearly50yearsofwritingsbyMargaretSanger.Themajority ofthequotationsonmywebsite,aswellasseveralofthespeechesonmySupplementaryMaterials page,arefromthissite.IwasincommunicationwiththeMargaretSangerPapersProjectthroughout myresearchandIreceivedpermissionfromthemtousethesedocuments.Icategorizedthisasa secondarysourcebecause,whileitiscomposedofMargaretSangerswords,theyarenotintheir originalcontext,soImaynotbeseeingthefullpicturewithagivenarticle.

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