Theconventional,presentdayunderstandingofwhatwemeanbyspeciesisgiveninlines 7,8&9. Q.1Whatisthatdefinition! speciesisagroupofindividualswhichcanmatewithoneanothertoproducefertile offspring. !sadefinitionitisquicklydestroyedbythereferencetoBlueWhalesandFinWhales lines97. Q.2 Howdothesetwospeciescontesttheconventionaldefinitionbothblueandfinwhalescan breedwithoneanotherinordertoproduceanoffspring. inthe3rdparagraph(lines187),thetwoconceptsofwhataspeciesis,arecompared. Q.3 (i)Whatwasthespeciesconceptpriortothe1930s Biologistsdefinedspeciesasdifferentbutthemainissuewasthefactthattheydidnot knowhowtomakeorseethedefinitionofthewordinadifferentway.

(ii)Althoughnotnamedinthetext,whodoyouthinkwasthegreatestadvocateofthis concept? Q.4 Whatwas/isthespeciesconceptintroducedbyDobzhanskyandMayrinthe1930s Theconceptintroducedforthefactthatspeciesweredistinctintheirbreedinggroups. Q.5 Darwin was not particularly concerned by the concept of a species. Why not? Darwin had any problem by the concept of species due to the fact that he did not consider species real entities the other way he saw them as artificial collections of individuals made for convenience. Q.6 Given the probable several million of mostly tiny organisms not yet described on this planet, what problems face a natural historian who thinks she has found, and wants to name a new species?(Lines 53-63) The specie could be a different variation of a species that has already been discovered. Q.7 What do you understand by the term sub-species? (Line 70) A subspecies is different variations of one type of specie. Q.8 Organisms may differ or be similar in their morphology, anatomy and DNA (line 74), and their ..? Also their breeding groups. Q.9 Explain the argument being used. Species can remain distinct even when interbreeding. Darwins finches interbreed to create healthy offspring. Q.10 (i) Why do hybridising species challenge the conventional BSC? (Lines 99-113) Hybrids challenge the notion of species as cohesive, reproductive units, therefore they are ignored.

(ii) And why is the US Endangered Species Act (1973) a problem for taxonomists? (Lines 119-120) Its a problem for taxonomists because by excluding the hybrids from legal protection, it affects the reproductive compatibility. Red wolves and coyotes are known to have hybridised (lines 126-129). (iii) Can you name another two species who can successfully hybridise? The Wolf and the Dog. Q.11 What therefore is the evolving unit in Darwinian evolution theory? Species owning different characteristics should be considered different species. Q.12 Selection forces act upon the small cluster of related individuals but specifically, and in genetic terms, what is it that is being selected for or against? Dominant and superior species are selected Q.13 Given this discussion, what would now be your best definition of a species? Species is a group of individuals which own different characteristics but similar DNA, anatomy, and morphology, they can mate with each other to give a fertile offspring. Q.14 What is the fundamental event in the DNA of an organism that ultimately can enable evolution of a new organism with different characteristics to appear? Evolution is enabled when two organisms bond creating new characteristics in its offspring. Q.15 I did not did it