The Environment

Ecology is the scientific study of interactions of organisms with one another and with the physical and chemical environment. Although it includes the study of environmental problems such as pollution, global warming, the science of ecology mainly involves research on the natural world from many viewpoints, using many techniques. Our environment is in danger because human creativity and technology have blossomed in the last millennium. Every day the diversity of life on Earth gets poorer because of our overuse of resources/fossil fuels and our disregard for the riches of nature. The problems of our environment are:
- Global warming - Environment pollutions -Animals in danger 1) Global

warming refers to a continuing rise in the average temperature of Earths climate

system; there are more frequent floods, droughts and heat waves. The main factor in global warming is the greenhouse effect.
The greenhouse effect:

The sun is much hotter than the Earth and it gives off rays of heat (radiation) that travel through the atmosphere and reach the Earth. The rays of the sun warm the Earth, and heat from the Earth then travels back into the atmosphere. The gases in the atmosphere stop some of the heat from escaping into space. These gases are called greenhouse gases and the natural process between the sun, the atmosphere and the Earth is called the 'Greenhouse Effect', because it works the same way as a greenhouse. The windows of a greenhouse play the same role as the gases in the atmosphere, keeping some of the heat inside the greenhouse.

2) Environmental

Pollution is one of the major threats that our environmental is facing

today, which is increasing with every year and its effects causing grave and irreparable damage to the atmosphere. Environmental pollution is represented by any discharge of material into water, land or air shortterm or long-term damage to the Earths ecology. Types of Pollution: a) Air pollution: refers to the condition in which air contains harmful substances like chemicals, particulate matter, biological, gases, dust, fumes in harmful amounts and causes discomfort to living beings and environment.

The factors that cause air pollution are: -volcanic eruptions -bacterial action: various bacterial produce Nitrogen Oxides such as Nitrogen Monoxide -burning different kinds of fuels. Air pollution is cause by the smoke emitted by automobiles; emissions from industrial plants, such as sulphur, which can enter the atmosphere , where they can cause damage to the ozone layer around th planet; they may also fall back to Earth as acid rain and destroy plants and trees. b)Water pollution: refers to any change in the physical, chemical and biological properties of water wich has a harmful effect on living things. It may appear in various water sources such as lakes, rivers, seas or oceans. The factors that cause water pollution are: - pesticides -insecticides -heavy metals