Week 1 Sport management is the study and practice involved in relation to all people, activities, organizations, and businesses

s involved in producing, facilitating, promoting, or organizing any product that is sport, fitness, and recreation related; and, sport products can be goods, services, people, places, or ideas. Current Policy Area Key Labor Issues: o Revenue sharing, Salary caps, Salaries, Pensions, Benefits, Drug Policies-(testing, intervention, discipline), Criminal Activity, Concussions Unique Characteristics of Sports: o To some its Venue for Gambling Mode of personal recreation and fitness To business people, sports provide a lucrative and continually growing marketplace worthy of immense investments. $470 Billion Industry in 2011 ($195 in 2001) Entertainment to the World (Radio, Print, Television, Social Media, Online, Spectators and Players)

Week 2 - ECONOMIC POLICY IN SHAPING OUR SPORT, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHOICES What is going on in professional sports dictates how we live, for example: o Awareness on concussions, Awareness on steroids, Where the money is driven (ex. wrestling cut so no funding), Where our interest is driven (ex. trampoline) Curt Flood Act o 1969 refused a trade and appealed to Supreme Court o He believed that Major League Baseball's decades-old reserve clause (players rights retained by the team) was unfair in that it kept players beholden for life to the team with which they originally signed, even when they had satisfied the terms and conditions of those contracts. o Abolished in 1975 and led to Free Agency and Player Associations Sports didnt suffer from the economic crash. Sports are recession proof. The arenas may have not gotten the sponsorship deals they wanted to but at that time people still went to watch games, still bought beer in arenas and so on. Pricing Decisions o Demand is not the same for all the games. o What factors influence the variations in demand? The team that is playing and the standing of that team. o What happens if you do price them all at the same level? Lost potential revenue Some games will be sold out, others vastly under-attended Scalpers, both traditional and electronic (EBay, StubHub, etc) will capitalize on this lost revenue o Variable Ticket Pricing Strategies: Game-by-game changes in ticket price NFL doesnt use that because they are going to sell out anyways. Professional sports drives other policy initiatives: o Economic development provides jobs and work o Tourism brings people to country (hotels, restaurantsetc) o Business and Political o Taxes city gets more taxes from higher spending

Ex. London Games 2012 - With over five billion in estimated economic stimulus, almost 18,000 jobs and over a 3% growth in the countrys economy o Vancouver made $2.3 billion and became number one tourism destination for the next five years, which is not calculated in this amount. Economics vs. Health Policy o Obesity epidemic but students cant access fields at night and so they sit at home play on their video games. Life expectancy rate is going down now with all those technologies in place health care should invest in o Increasing access and subsidizing sports. o Cafeteria culture there is no money to offer fruits and veggies in schools. o Ex. San Fran sugar tax if you buy anything that has sugar there is going to be a five cents tax on that. They are taking those 5 cents to provide infrastructure, access and sponsorship for sports for the youth. o

Week 3 - EVENT AND FACILITY MANAGEMENT QUICK FACTS o The 2015 Pan Am and Parapan Am Games will showcase Ontario as a premier sporting destination, attracting 10,000 athletes/officials & 250,000 visitors. o The Games and Games-related investments are on track to create more than 26,000 jobs and grow Ontarios real GDP by $3.7 billion from 2009 to 2017. o Graduates from the not-for-profit sector and graduates who are entrepreneurs have also benefited from similar OSAP supports. This $1.9 million initiative supports the goals of Ontario's Promotion, Celebration and Legacy Strategy, to ensure everyone across the province benefits from the Games. o The Games will require approximately 20,000 volunteers to help put on the largest international multi-sport event Ontario and Canada have ever hosted. o Investments in student assistance over the past 10 years have more than doubled the number of students qualifying for aid, while enrolment has increased 40% o Manitoba and Saskatchewan have the largest growth in sports tourism. Toronto Pan Am Sport Centre (Sept 2015 full operation) o Programming is endless, experiential learning opportunities, job creation Facility Build Planning and Design o Ex. SF wanting to revitalize area, or Markham and their pool o Planning pitfalls Failure to provide accommodations for all people or adequate storage or adequate janitorial space or adequate locker and dressing rooms Failure to observe professional standards Failure to build the facility large enough Failure to construct shower, toilet, and dressing rooms with sufficient floor slope and properly located drains Failure to provide doorways, hallways, or ramps to move equipment easily Failure to provide for multiple use facilities or for adequate parking. Failure to plan for adequate space for concessions and merchandising or for adequate lobby space for spectators or an adequate space for the media to observe as well as interview performers Failure to provide for adequate ticket sales areas Failure to provide adequate space for a loading dock and parking for tractor trailers and buses

Failure to provide adequate numbers of ladies restrooms Failure to provide adequate separation for activities in a multipurpose space Failure to provide adequate security and access control into/within facility Failure to provide padding on walls too close to activity areas, padding and/or covers for short fences, goal posts and trees Failure to plan for the next 50 years Failure to plan for ease of maintenance of the facility Failure to plan for adequate supervision of the various activity spaces within the facility o Steps in Master Planning simple example about light bulbs Identification and Confirmation of the Organizations Master Plan Goals and Objectives Synthesis and Evaluation of Findings Review of program needs, Review of existing facilities Review of renovation, expansion, or new facility Regional Analysis Other facilities, programs, and services, User demand, Accessibility, Government functions and boundaries Site Analysis - Master Plan Agenda - Review and Discussion - Preparation of the draft master plan - Review of preliminary plan - Revision of the master plan, consensus, and approval - Documentation and dissemination of the master plan Master plan amendment process. o Components of Developmental Process Research - Regional analysis - Site analysis - Program review - Functional analysis Land use review - Refinement - Financial plan - Site plan/overall design Construction documents Bidding Construction - Review o Site Analysis Access, traffic circulation, parking, water supply, sewage disposal, electrical service, telephone service, gas transmission lines, cable TV, environmental concerns, legal issues, zoning requirements, historical significance, climate conditions, nuisance potentials, natural features, economic impact of site, natural barriers and visibility, supporting demographics, security concerns. o Design Team Program committee (or Master Plan Committee), Architects, Engineers, Facility consultants, Interior designers, Construction manager, Acoustical consultants, Turf management specialists Scheduling, Programming, Operations Greening Practices of Facilities and Events (LEED Certification) o Material for building o Lighting, heat energy from pool, solar panels, recyclable material, electric busses o Water Stations, cutlery, material, busses, o What is the carbon footprint? Can actually pay to offset this (airlines donate the $) Event Management And Crowd Control o Crowd Management: all measures taken in the normal process of facilitating the movement & enjoyment of people. It is proactive preplanned policies and procedures to ensure patrons get what they paid for. Bomb sniffing dogs before events, officers in facility

Crowd Control: it is the reactive implementation of policies & procedures to control the actions of the crowd, it also requires free flowing reacting to a specific situation. It begins when crowd becomes rowdy, vulgar, aggressive and violent Contingency plans should be in place for any event that may take place. Ex. 1994 Vancouver Stanley Cup Riots no longer allowed to refuse extra help and security. 8 Components for Crowd Management (applied in combination, not individually) 1. Physical Hardware (line ups and show people where to go) 2. Building Design (more than 1 out and in) 3. Personnel (layers of security) 4. Training 5. Procedures (panic control, emergency) 6. Supporting Material 7. Graphics 8. Audio-Visual Material

Week 4 - SPORT AND THE ENVIRONMENT LEED Certification o Projects earn points to satisfy green building requirements within each of the LEED credit categories, projects must satisfy prerequisites and earn points. The number of points the project earns determines its level of LEED certification. Waste Reduction o Ex. in Ohio State University they decreased their pounds of garbage from 15,000 to 500. They wanted to do the right thing for their campus, and their community o Ex. UTSC - Car share program, bike share from athletic center, recycling in valley o Ex. Portland Trail Blazers passed as a Gold level and they passed on energy, water, and natural resources. In the press release, we wanted to do it for our fans, for our community, for our stateetc. Only producing 40% of the actual waste Major Sport Events and Facility Use o In 1996 Atlanta Summer Games - 18 years ago, it wasnt even on their to do list or a thought they had, they only monitored how many people used the transit. o In 1997 IOC developed a manual on sport and the environment in 1997. They promoted the greening of events o In 2000 Sydney Olympics became a must for vendors to provide information Air Quality o Consider facility positioning on the site for the best air quality location (consider the wind conditions) Investigate the facility location levels of: smog level, UV index, ground level ozone, pollensetc o Need to take steps in the design phase to improve the indoor air quality through ventilation. Also to review building requirements: reduce the need for cleaners, paints, solvents, pesticides etc. Several international sports federations are now developing Environmental Performance Indicators (EPIs). o Guarantees a minimum standard of health for the competitors o Ex. The International Cycling Union is leading the way by requesting a level of air quality for the competitors o Ex. The International Triathlon Union has, on several occasions, requested minimum water quality standards for competitors Waste Management

Select building materials that are durable, recyclable, have recycled content, & repairable. Reduce the use of items high in hazardous content Energy Management o Look for opportunities in areas of: operating lighting, sound systems, heating & cooling systems, creating ice, filtering and pumping pool water, artificial snow The Green Sports Report Card o Criteria: Increasing Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy, Water Conservation, Reducing Waste, Safer Chemicals, Increasing Environmental Awareness o

Week 5 - SPORT AND THE LAW Four main types of disputes: o 1.Negligence (tort) - Conduct that falls below the standard for the protection of others from unreasonable harm. Harm is unintentional. Duty of care, standard of care, causation o 2.Intentional Torts - Someone acts intentionally. Harm results. (The harm may not have been intentional, but the action was) Ex Golfer throws putter in frustration. Putter strikes another golfer, causing damage to his/her eyesight. o 3.Product Liability - A consumer uses a product and the product causes an injury due to a defect. Defect must have existed when product left manufacturer or retailers contact. Ex Rock climber falls because equipment broke. Equipment had manufacturing defect. o 4.Contracts - A legally enforceable agreement between two or more people in which one has made an offer, the party to whom the offer was made accepts it, and consideration has been determined. Breach of Contract: When one party fails to live up to the terms, the innocent party may go to court seeking damages Labor Relations in Professional Sports o In North American major professional sport, the players union and team management must decide on the rules that define that relationship. Through collective bargaining, they create a collective bargaining agreement. Contents of CBA: Term, Compensation, Individual Job Rights, Rights of the Parties in the Bargaining Process (ex. how union can raise money from non-union members) Title IX National College Players Association o WHAT THEY WANT: Full attendance at school Better medical and concussion protection Guaranteed Multi Year Scholarships Trust Fund to assist players in Graduating School and a reward for finishing degree Public Universities student athletes would be considered state workers What if the government or congress gets involved? Comprehensive NCAA reform Professional Litigation o Concussions The NFL failed to protect its players Fail to: Enact rules (have changed over time) Institute procedures for acclimation Monitor and procedures for incidents

Properly inform players (McDs coffee etc) Competent info and directions to Athletic Therapists and Team Doctors Is a governing body responsible for player health issues? Is there an assumed risk?