Java

Project Report On
IO Simulation
This project demonstrates graphically how an the input and output in a computer is processed internally using a conceptual diagram of a computer.

Department of $omputer Science% &aculty of Technology ' (ngineering )aharja Sayajirao *niversity

Developed y Soye! Shai"h #ishant Patel

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At this point, we would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks and gratitude to all those who have guided us and motivated us to accomplish this project and makes it see the light of the day. This project wouldnt have been materialized without their help. irst and foremost we would like to thank Mrs. Mamta Padole who provided us the opportunity to work with the prestigious !.".#niversity, aculty of Technology $ %ngineering and provided us all the facilities that helped us to complete our project. &e are again greatly thankful to !rs. Mamta Padole , our internal guide, who gave us their valuable time, much needed advice, encouragement and moral support right from the conception to the maturity of this project. &e are thankful to all the staff members of Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology & Engineering, the M.S.Uni ersity for their valuable guidance at the right time which was 'uite useful in project work. Thanking you all.

"oyeb "haikh (ishant )atel

Contents
(o.
+.

*escription ,ntroduction +. ,ntroduction of "ystem -. *evelopment .anguage /. eatures ,ncorporated in our )roject

0. ,mportant )ackages and classes used to accomplish the project

-. / 0

)roject )rofile
!odule *escription

easibility "tudy a. Technical easibility b. %conomical easibility c. 1perational easibility

2.

3%4#,3%!%(T A(A.5"," a. 6ardware 3e'uirement b. "oftware 3e'uirement

7. 9. <. =. +?.

8lass *iagram ,nterface :"creen "hots; Testing >ibliography 8oding

Introduction to the System Project Summary The best way to understand a thing is by visualising how it works, this also applies for the ,1 operation that takes place when we provide input to the computer or waiting for some result to be displayed. ,1 functions internally and for a computer science students it is really important to know the internal working of the ,1 !odule. To simplify the learning process and to make it more interesting we have come up with this simulation project. The project developed is a simulator that simulates how an ,1 ,nstruction executes in a computer internally and by showing the intermediate steps taking place before the data is processed to or from the external world.

Pur!ose The main purpose of developing the system is to help the students learn the concepts of ,1 1perations and how they are handled by the processor. The best way to learn this process is by means of graphics and simulation does this job at its best by showing the real time functioning of processor and ,1 ports. This is done by reducing the complexity and mapping the time constraint

"A#A

@ )latform ,ndependent @ 1bject 1riented @ )rovides Awt and "wings for developing desktop application @ %asy
P$at%orm Inde!endent

A java source file is first compiled. The output of compilation is not an executable that would work only on the platform on which it is compiled, but it is the java byte code. The java byte is similar to an executable, and is that used by the java virtual machine. This java byte code can run on any platform for which the AB! is available. At the run time, the java byte code is interpreted from AB! instructions to platformCspecific instructions and is executed by a AB! interpreter.
O&ject'Oriented

(ow, lets look at the features of object oriented programming language.

Data Enca!su$ation

*ata encapsulation is the ability to hide the data structures used by a data type. 6ere, for instance, the florist uses a diary to maintain the list of addresses of florists in other towns. This diary is not accessible to other directly. &hat would happen if this diary were directly accessible to allD 6ere, the danger is not about the information being available to all from the diary, but there is a bigger danger since anyone would also be able to make entries into this diary, and the diary would lose its meaning. ,nstead, if it is accessible to only the florist then the florist can always answer any 'ueries we have by looking up into the diary. ,n data encapsulation, the data structure is encapsulated by some code. The data structure is not directly accessible, but instead the data are accessed instance which would involve, invoking some code on the instance to fetch the data. %ach message re'uires some set of inputs :which may be empty;, thus defining a contract for using the message.

Inheritance

Again here we have more kinds of interaction with EA F loristG, not simply because he is a E loristG, but because he is a shopkeeper. &e know, for example, that we will be asked for money as part of the transaction and in return for payment we will be given a receipt .i.e. he will be able to understand the message like Eaccept )aymentG and Eissue receiptG. These messages are understood by grocers, stationers, toy sellers and other shopkeepers. "ince the class E loristG is a more specialized form of the class E"hopkeeperG, all messages that can be given to shopkeeper can also be given to all florists. >ecause all florists are shop keepers, whatever is true of E"hopkeeperG is also true of E loristG and hence of EA loristG.
Po$ymor!hism

&hat is polymorphismD There are many forms. There are different types of polymorphismH what we commonly understand in programming are overloading and overriding. &hat are the typical interactions with a plotterD A plotter would have interaction to draw various kinds of shapes. There would be an interaction to draw a circle, a message called draw8ircle. &hat will be the inputs given to the plotter in

order to draw a circleD The radius and the center point. "o, the draw8ircle message re'uires two inputs. (ow, we have another re'uirementH we have got three points in a plane, and there is uni'ue circle that passes through it. "o to ask the plotter to draw a circle we may have to compute the radius and center point of the circle from these three points and which can do the task of converting the three points into the raids and the center point and also support another way of using draw8ircle. ,t can support a message, such that, if we give it interaction with the plotter for drawing a circleI we can either provide the radius and a center point or we may provide three points in a plane. This is overloading. Another form of polymorphism is found in case of overriding. 1verriding involves inheritance. 1verriding is a case of exception to the general rule. ,n case of inheritance the subCclass inherits all the contracts of the superCclass. ,t even inherits the implements of the contracts. "ometimes there are cases where the subCclass wants to have a different implementation of the contract, compared to the implementation as available from the superCclass. This is where overriding of the contract is done. Also there is a concept of abstract data types, having abstract class. 6ere different subCclass will have different implementations of the same contract. The abstract method is being implemented in different ways by different subCclass, e.g. we have a class called "hape. This area method would be implemented differently for differently for different subCclass of the "hape, 3ectangle, Triangle, 8ircle, )entagon, 6exagon and other subCclass of "hape each implementations of the area method for "hape in its various subCclasses.

Provides Awt and Swings for developing desktop application:

Easy

Aava is an easy programming language. ,t has syntax similar to c language. ,t has removed pointers and follows the object reference model. ,n case of java, the programmer does not have to bother about deallocation. *eallocation is taken care of by the garbage collector within the AB!. Aava is easy in terms of programming for network applications and multiCthreaded applications. An average java programmer can easily write network applications and even use multiCthreaded features in the AB!, which is difficult in most of the other programming language. &riting multiCthreaded applications normally re'uires high skill and experience in other language.

(eatures o% ja)a incor!orated in the !roject

Multithreading !"#ect !riented o Encapsulation o Polymorphism o $nheritance Synchroni%ation to resol e concurrency issues &a a Collection Frame'or(

Pac*a+es and c$asses used %or de)e$o!ment Aavax.swing o AApplet o ,mage,con o A>utton o A rame o A)anel

Aava.awt o 8olor o Jraphics o Jraphics-* o 3endering6ints o ,mage o Toolkit o ,nsets

Aava.awt.event o Action%vent o Action.istener

Aava.awt.geom o AffineTransform o %llipse-*

 Aava.awt.image o >uffered,mage

Aava.util o Bector o !ap o *ate

Aava.swing.border o >order

Aava.net o #3.

Aava.applet o Applet

Aava.text *ate ormat

, Project Pro%i$e
)ame $! Simulation

ront %nd Tool

Aava:"wing;

1perating "ystem

&indows K) and Above

*ocumentation

!icrosoft &ord -??9

,nternal Juide

!rs. !amta )adole

- Modu$e Descri!tion

($o. Contro$ Modu$e

,n this module the control panel for the simulator is defined. This module defines how the flow of the simulation can be controlled or altered to an extent. Apart from controlling the flow of the simulation this module also includes the codes and specification to start, stop or pause the ongoing simulation. This module also has the feature to add more statement at runtime that will automatically added to the instruction 'ueue to be executed. 5ou can also remove the existing statement.

Gra!hica$ Simu$ation

The whole simulation is designed in a conceptual manner depicting the computer components connected to the external world via ,1 ,nterface modules. The *iagram for the simulation is designed in third party software and then integrated in the AABA Applet. All the parts necessary to show how an ,1 ,nstruction executes and how the processor sends and receives data to and from the external world is shown in the diagram. "imulation depicted in a graphical way makes it easy for the learner to comprehend.

Lo+ica$ Simu$ation

The simple looking simulation depicted in the graphic board is backed up by a strong logical module. Though both the module has the same task to perform but the logical module provides the base for the graphic module and even though they both are interconnected it lets them to be independent and the example for it is that the statement can be added and removed dynamically, the main reason to separate module was to not make the project hard coded. The graphical module just renders what is specified by the logical module.

/ (EASI0ILIT1 ST2D1
The %easi&i$ity study is needed to
Answer the 'uestion whether a new system is to be installed or notD *etermine the potential of the existing system. ,mprove the existing system. Fnow what should be embedded in the new system. *efine the problems and objective involved in a project. Avoid costly repairs at a later stage when the system is implemented. Avoid crash implementation of a new system. Avoid the L6ardware Approach i.e. getting a computer first and then deciding how to use it. There are three aspects in feasibility study portion of the preliminary investigation. :+; :-; :/; Technical feasibility. %conomic feasibility and 1perational feasibility of the project.

Technica$ (easi&i$ity

Technical easibility determines whether the work for the project be done with the present e'uipment, current procedures, existing softwares technology and available personnelD

,f new technology is needed what alternatives will be needed in the present structure and work ethosD This will re'uire a close examination of the present system. The technical feasibility should ask 'uestions related toH +; -; /; 0; Ade'uacy of available technology. Ade'uacy of hardware. Available of computer. 1perating time and support facilities, etc.

Technical feasibility determines whether the technology needed for the proposed system is available and how it can be integrated within the organization. Technical evaluation must also assess whether the existing system can be upgraded to use the new technology and whether the organization has the expertise to use it. The technical feasibility in the proposed system deals with the technology used in the system. ,t deals with the hardware and software used in the system whether they are of latest technology or not. ,t happens that after a system is prepared a new technology arises and the user wants the system based on that technology. Thus it is important to check the system to be technically feasible. The minimum memory re'uirement is -27!> of 3A! while +J> is better to have for better performance. As far as software is concerned, 1racle =i and Aava should be installed on the server. There should be printer attached to the network for printing of >ills, purchase receipt, sales receipts and other reports.
Economic feasibility

%conomic feasibility looks at the financial aspects of the project. %conomic feasibility concerns with the returns from the investments in a project. ,t determines whether it is worthwhile to invest the money in the proposed system. ,t is not worthwhile spending a lot of money on a project for no returns. To carry out an economic feasibility for a system, it is necessary to place actual money value against any purchases or activities needed to implement the project. The organization plans to ac'uire the necessary hardware and software re'uires for the system and there is no hindrance whether economical or otherwise towards its purchase. A brief description of the hardware and software re'uired in the system is given later in the report.

O!erationa$ %easi&i$ity

1perational feasibility covers two aspects. 1ne is the technical performance aspect and other is the acceptance within the organization. 1perational feasibility determines how the proposed system will fit in the current operations and what, if any job restructuring and retraining may be needed to implement the system. ,n the system operational feasibility checks, whether the user who is going to use the system is able to work with the software with which the system is coded and also the mind of the user going to use the system. ,f the user does not understand or is able to work on the system further development is of waste.

/ 3e4uirement Ana$ysis
5ard.are re4uirements o% the system

This phase of the software development process deals with a brief study of different hardware used in the computerized system. There is a list of hardware materials used during the making and also during the use of the proposed system. As the new system to be made into a computerized functional system, re'uirement of a computer is must. A list of the hardware re'uirement used in the system given belowH To run the application software of the system in the computer system in the minimum configuration re'uired is as belowH &indows K) or &indows 9 -27 !> 3A!. +?C+- J> 6ardC*isk. 0x compact *isc drive or faster. 8olor !onitor.M7?? x <?? *isplayN Feyboard !ouse )rinter.

So%t.are re4uirement o% the system

There is no as such software re'uirement to run the project but being an applet it is necessary to have a Aava enabled &eb >rowser that could run the applet.
3e4uirement S!eci%ication

The foremost re'uirement of the system was that it should be easy to comprehend. The simulation should be real time but keeping in mind that we can actually think or see things happening at the speed of processor or any other computer device so we this speed was to be mapped appropriately. ,t should also have the features such as pause, play and stop. "ystem should be dynamic i.e. it must have the facility to add and delete instruction on the fly

6 C$ass Dia+ram

7 Screen Shots
89Initia$ Screen

,9A%ter E:ecution

: etching ,nstruction *ata;

Mu$ti!$e IO De)ice Wor*in+ to+ether

Simu$taneous (unctionin+ o% Processor and IO Modu$e

;< S1STEM TESTING "ystem testing is a critical process that can take as much as 2?O of the system development time. The common view of testing held by users is that it is performed to prove that there are no errors in a program. 6owever, as indicated earlier, this is virtually impossible, since the analyst cannot prove that software is free and clear of errors. Therefore, the most useful and practical approach is with the understanding that testing is the process of executing a program with the explicit intention of finding errors that is, making the program fail. The tester, who may be an analyst, a programmer, or a specialist trained in software testing, is actually trying to make a program fail. A successful test, then, is one that finds an error.

Testin+ Strate+y

There are few types of system testing listed belowH

a. #nit Testing b. "ystem Testing c. )arallel Testing d. 8ode Testing e. 1utput Testing

2nit Testin+

,n this testing individual program are checked to the extent of desired output i.e. program specification. &hile checking boundary condition, exceptional handling, error handling etc.

System Testin+

These are used to test all programs, which together constitute the system. The system testing is conducted using synthetic data both valid and invalid transaction are used in this test.
Para$$e$ Testin+

,n this both manual and computer based system are run simultaneously for a period of time and the result from the two systems are compared. This is good method for complex system. eeding test data carried out for system and data was subjected to various systems functioning.
Code Testin+

This strategy examines the logic of the program. To follow this testing method, the analyst develops test cases that result in executing every instruction in the program or module, that is, every path through the program is tested.
E< Out!ut Testin+

,n this testing strategy check the output, if the output is generated by system is proper or not i.e. we get output what we want or not. This strategy is useful for checking reliability of system.

= 0i&$io+ra!hy
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8omplete 3eference Aava by 6erbert "childt

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