A Handbook of Umra and Haj

Umra/Hajj Guide page 1 of 38
A Handbook of Umra & Hajj

by Sarwar Alam Raz Please click on the underlined phrases to go to the section or subsection you wish to go to. Table of Contents Chapter One HOW TO USE THIS BOOK Chapter Two GLOSSARY Chapter Three BEFORE YOU LEAVE o o o o o General Who Must Perform Hajj Prerequisites Preparation Things to take
Chapter Four ARRIVING IN SAUDI ARABIA o o o o o o o o General At Meeqat Obligations of hram !um "e##ah $ Makkah Tra%el Within The !o&s an# !on&ts Pri'es in (A
Chapter Fi%e U RA AND HA!! o o o o o o o General Tawaf (ai )mra Hajj Mina* Arafat+++ Tawaful Wi#a
Chapter (i, "RAYERS AND SU""LI#ATIONS o o o o Pra-ers Talbi-ah At Maqam.o. brahim At Multa/am
Tawaf First (hawt (e'on# (hawt Thir# (hawt Fourth (hawt Fifth (hawt (i,th (hawt (e%enth (hawt
FLOW DIAGRA
FOR U RA
FLOW DIAGRA
FOR HA!!
Chapter 1
HOW TO USE THIS HANDBOOK

The writer's experience with the existing texts avai a! e on the su!ject of Umra and Hajj" which provided him with the incentive and the justification for writing this hand!oo#" has a read$ !een mentioned in the introduction "A Personal Note"% The format and the su!ject matter presented in this !oo# are a direct outcome of that experience% &ven a 'uic# and cursor$ g ance through these pages wi show that their structure" organi(ation" and textua format are radica $ different from most !oo#s on the su!ject% )n order to !e a! e to use it in the most efficient wa$ possi! e" it is recommended that the reader fo ow the se'uence of stud$ suggested !e ow% )t is the writer's opinion that an$ attempt to circumvent the suggested methodo og$ is i#e $ to cause confusion and" indeed" wi !e se f*defeating in that it wou d force the reader eventua $ to revert to the suggested se'uence an$wa$+ ,ince the thrust of this !oo# is the simp ification of the understanding of Umra and Hajj" the fo owing se'uence of stud$ is strong $ recommended1% .ami iari(e $ourse f thorough $ with the terms defined and descri!ed in /hapter 2 (Glossary % 0 technica and ritua detai s of Umra and Hajj that fo ow in su!se'uent sections use these terms extensive $ without e a!orating upon them in the text% 1ou wi !e ost without an ade'uate stud$ of this chapter% 2% ,#ip /hapter 3 (Be!ore "o# $ea%e and /hapter 2 (When "o# Get To Sa#&' Ara('a " except for ,ections 3%1" 3%2 and 3%3 which contain usefu information a!out the prere'uisites of Hajj% The rest of these chapters advise $ou on how to prepare for Hajj" what to pac# for the journe$" etc% The$ can wait ti ater% Use the information $ou have earned in /hapter 2 to $our advantage since it is sti fresh in $our mind" and proceed to /hapter 3 to earn the technica aspects of Umra and Hajj in its ight% 3% Go to /hapter 3 (U)ra An& Ha** and stud$ it in the ight of /hapter 2% 1ou ma$ need to return fre'uent $ to /hapter 2 to refresh $our memor$ of definitions and procedures% 1ou must !e fu $ comforta! e with $our understanding of a that is invo ved in Umra and Hajj !efore $ou advance an$ further in $our reading% 0t this stage" $ou ma$ a so want to decide on the t$pe of Hajj $ou wish to perform and pa$ specia attention to its specific detai s% 2% 1ou ma$ now read /hapter 3 and /hapter 2% 1ou can a so start p anning $our schedu es" trave and residentia arrangements" etc% in the ight of this information% Ta # to $our trave agent if an$ 'uestions come to $our mind during this stud$ that are not answered in these chapters% 3% ,ave /hapter 4 (Prayers An& S#ppl'+at'ons for a 5rain$ da$5 when $ou have a reasona! e amount of time to memori(e an$ or a of the pra$ers if $ou so desire% The seven pra$ers for the Tawaf of 6a!ah are high $ recommended% The$ possess an intensit$ of emotion and devotion that increases as the Tawaf
progresses% )t moves $ou even as it en ightens $ou" and it reaches its (enith in the seventh pra$er where $ou find $ourse f as#ing 0 ah for His u timate Grace and 7erc$% Ta#e $our time in memori(ing the text as we as understanding the meaning of these pra$ers%The$ wi #eep $ou focussed !efore and during $our journe$ on $our mission of Hajj" as we as on $our o! igations towards 0 ah% 0s a matter of convenience" this hand!oo# is written as if addressed to ma e pi grims on $% 8eed ess to sa$" a information presented is e'ua $ app ica! e to fema e pi grims a so% ,uch information as is meant for ma e pi grims on $ is se f*evident% Information which is intended exclusively for female pilgrims has been italicized for easy recognition.
Chapter ,
G$OSSA-"
This hand!oo# uses a arge num!er of technica terms app ica! e to Umra and Hajj% The$ are defined" and where considered necessar$" !rief $ descri!ed !e ow% 0 discussion of terms that re'uire more extensive treatment is deferred unti ater in the text at the appropriate p aces% )t is strong $ recommended that the reader fami iari(e himse f thorough $ with a terms defined% )t ma$ !e emphasi(ed that since definitions of various terms often incorporate other terms" more than one reading of this adfadfadffchapter ma$ !e needed for a fu er understanding of its contentsAra!at 0 desert ocation approximate $ nine mi es from 7a##ah where the pi grim spends the 9th of :u Hijjah as a rite of Hajj% Ayya) #t Tashree. The 11th" 12th" and 13th of the month of :u Hijjah% The pi grim performs ;umm$ in 7ina on these da$s% D#) The expiation re'uired of a pi grim for a wi fu vio ation of a prohi!ition or o! igation of the state of )hram% Ha** 0 set of acts of worship prescri!ed !$ 0 ah and ;asoo 0 ah <p!uh= to !e performed in and around 7a##ah at east once in a ifetime !$ ever$ 7us im satisf$ing certain conditions% Hajj is one of the .ive >i ars of )s am% There are three t$pes of Hajj one ma$ perform as defined !e owHa** #l I!ra& The t$pe of Hajj wherein the pi grim pronounces his ni$$ah <i%e%"intention= to perform only Ha** at 7ee'at whi e changing into )hram% Ha** #l /'ran The t$pe of Hajj wherein the pi grim pronounces his intention to perform (oth U)ra an& Ha** to0ether 1'th the sa)e Ihra) at 7ee'at% Ha** #t Ta)att# The t$pe of Hajj wherein the pi grim pronounces his intention to perform only U)ra at 7ee'at when changing into )hram% 0 second ni$$ah" and a second change into )hram fo ow on the 8th of :u Hijjah for the performance of the remaining rites of Hajj% Ha*ar #l As1a& The ,acred ? ac# ,tone !ui t into the south*east corner of the 6a!ah at a height of approximate $ four feet% The stone does not !e ong to the geo og$ of the region and is a part of the origina construction of the 6a!ah !$ >rophet )!rahim% Hajar u 0swad has a specia significance for 7us ims during Hajj% )t was persona $ insta ed in the wa of the 6a!ah !$ ;asoo 0 ah <p!uh= himse f during its reconstruction fo owing its destruction !$ a f ash f ood% The >rophet <p!uh= a so #issed it during his @ast <.arewe = Hajj% Thus" touching and #issing" or )sti am" of Hajar u 0swad during Umra and Hajj are not on $
his sunnah !ut a so constitute an emotiona and spiritua !ond !etween him and his peop e% Hal. The act of comp ete $ shaving his head !$ the ma e pi grim on the 1Ath of :u Hijjah% This is the ast thing he does !efore getting out of the state of )hram% ,ee Ta'seer a so% For female pilgrims, the requirements of Halq and Taqseer are satisfied if they trim their hair by approximately half an inch. Hara) ash Sharee! The mos'ue around the 6a!ah in 7a##ah" as we as the mos'ue in 7edina% The atter" a so #nown as 0 7asjid un 8a!awi contains within its premises the grave of ;asoo 0 ah <p!uh=% Hatee) The area adjacent to the 6a!ah on its west side" enc osed !$ a ow semi* circu ar wa % Tradition has it that Hajar <wife of >rophet )!rahim= is !uried in this enc osure% )t is high $ recommended that the pi grim shou d offer sa at us sunnah and supp ications to 0 ah in this area% However" this is not a part of the officia rites of Hajj% I&t'(a The mode of )hram used during Tawaf u Budoom% The ma e pi grim drapes one end of the top part of his )hram over his eft shou der !ac#*to*front% The other end goes across his !ac#" under his right arm" across his front" and is fina $ draped over his eft shou der% )dti!a is not o!served in an$ other t$pe of Tawaf% 0 so" when the pi grim offers sa at us sunnah after Tawaf u Budoom or an o! igator$ sa at during this Tawaf" he must cover !oth his shou ders% )n other words" )dti!a is practiced on $ whi e actua $ performing Tawaf u Budoom% Female pilgrims wear no Ihram, so that the question of Idtiba for them does not arise. Ihra) The distinctive gar! of the ma e pi grim worn during Umra or Hajj% )t consists of two pieces of white" unsewn and p ain c oth% Cne of the pieces is wrapped around the midriff to cover his !od$ from just a!ove his nave to his an# es" and the other is draped around his shou ders to cover the upper !od$% For ladies, their ordinary, and unpretentious clothes of daily wear constitute their Ihram. Ist'la) The act of #issing Hajar u 0swad at the !eginning and the end of ever$ circumam!u ation <circuit= of the 6a!ah during Tawaf% )f it is not possi! e ph$sica $ to #iss Hajar u 0swad for an$ reason" the pi grim ma$ extend his hand to touch the ,acred ,tone and then #iss his own hand% )f even that is not possi! e" he ma$ raise his hand towards Hajar u 0swad and" thereafter" #iss his own hand% 2a)raat The three stone pi ars in 7ina which s$m!o ica $ represent the ocations where the devi <shaitan= is stated in tradition to have tried to tempt >rophet )!rahim in an effort to dissuade him from the path of 0 ah% The pi grim s$m!o ica $ stones these pi ars on the 1Ath through the 13th of :u Hijjah in commemoration of the rejection of the devi !$ >rophet )!rahim" and of his
Umra/Hajj Guide page D of 38
steadfastness to the cause of 0 ah% The Eamraat are ocated within a few hundred feet of one another in a ine and are named as fo ows2a)rat #l K#(ra The ast stone pi ar in the ine% This is a so ca ed Eamrat u U'a!ah% 2a)rat #l Oola The first stone pi ar in the ine% 2a)rat #l W#sta The second <midd e= stone pi ar in the ine% Ka!!arah 0nother name for Fum% 3ar1ah 0 sma #no <i%e%" hi oc#= ocated approximate $ one hundred $ards from the 6a!ah inside 0 7asjid u Haram% The pi grim performs the devotiona rite of ,ai !etween the #no s of ,afa and 7arwah% 3ahra) The husband, or a male companion of a female pilgrim to whom her marriage is expressly prohibited by the shariah e.g., father, brother, uncle, nephew, etc.! " woman must necessarily be accompanied by a #ahram for $mra and Ha%%. 3as*'& #l Hara) The mos'ue around the 6a!ah a so #nown as Haram ash ,hareef% 3ee.at 0n imaginar$ !oundar$ around 7a##ah% 0 prospective pi grim cannot cross this !oundar$ without first changing into )hram% This !oundar$ is anchored !$ different townships and oca ities in different directions <:u Hu aifa in the north" 1a am am in the south*east" Fhat )r' in the north*east" Euhfah in the north*west" Barn u 7ana(i in the east%= The pi grim changes into )hram at 7ee'at and pronounces his intention to perform Umra or Hajj% .or peop e iving inside the 7ee'at permanent $" their p ace of residence is their 7ee'at% 3'na 0 desert ocation approximate $ three mi es from 7a##ah where severa rites of Hajj are performed% 3#all') 0 #now edgea! e professiona who can guide the pi grim during HajjG a so ca ed a 7utawwif% 3#hr') 0 pi grim in the state of )hram% 3#lta4a) The part of the 6a!ah !etween its door and Hajar u 0swad% This is a specia $ sacred part of the 6a!ah% )t is recommended that" if possi! e" the pi grim shou d touch the 6a!ah at 7u ta(am and offer supp ications to 0 ah% However" this is not a part of the officia rites of Hajj% 3a.a)5o5I(rah') The step*stone used !$ >rophet )!rahim during the origina construction of the 6a!ah% The stone carries the imprints of his feet" and is housed in a g ass enc osure on the north side of the 6a!ah% 3#ta)att' Cne who has performed Hajj ut Tamattu% 3#ta11'!
,ee 7ua im% 3#4&al'!ah 0 desert ocation approximate $ midwa$ !etween 7ina and 0rafat% The pi grim spends the night of the 1Ath of :u Hijjah here% N'yyah )ntention% 0 acts of worship are preceded !$ an appropriate ni$$ah% /ar'n Cne who has performed Hajj u Biran% /asr The mode of shortened pra$ers usua $ offered when on a journe$% -a)al The ritua in which ma e pi grims are re'uired to wa # !ris# $ with their chests thrust forward and with their shou ders ro ing s ight $ during the first three circuits of Tawaf u Budoom% &adies are not required to practice 'amal. -#))y The act of s$m!o ica $ stoning the devi <shaitan= in 7ina on the 1Ath through the 13th of :u Hijjah% This commemorates the tradition that >rophet )!rahim was tempted three times !$ the devi " and rejected a three of his overtures !$ stoning him" and driving him awa$% These three ocations are s$m!o i(ed !$ three stone pi ars in 7ina% Sa!a 0 sma #no approximate $ ha f a mi e from the 6a!ah inside 0 7asjid u Haram% The pi grim performs the devotiona act of ,ai !etween the #no s of ,afa and 7arwah% Sa' The devotiona act of wa #ing seven times !ac# and forth !etween the #no s of ,afa and 7arwah% This act retraces the footsteps of Hajar <wife of >rophet )!rahim=" during her desperate search for water for her infant son )smai after the$ were eft in the desert !$ >rophet )!rahim in response to a divine vision% Salat C! igator$ or supererogator$ pra$ers% Sha1t Cne comp ete circumam!u ation" or circuit" of the 6a!ah% &ach shawt <p % ashwaat= starts and ends at Hajar u 0swad% ,even ashwaat constitute one Tawaf% Tal('yah 0 devotiona recita of the fo owing words !$ the pi grim during Umra and Hajj%
<@a!!ai# 0 ahumma @a!!ai#% @a!!ai#" @a ,haree# @a#a" @a!!ai#% )nna Hamdah" Han 8ematah" @a#a wa 7u #" @a ,haree# @a#a=
Trans- 5Here ) am at Th$ service C @ord" here ) am% Here ) am at Th$ service and Thou hast no partners% Thine a one is 0 >raise and 0 ?ount$" and Thine a one is The ,overeignt$% Thou hast no partners%5 The Ta !i$ah is a pra$er as we as an assertion of the pi grim's conviction that he intends to perform Hajj on $ for the g or$ of 0 ah% The pi grim starts the recita upon changing into the )hram" and continues to recite it fre'uent $ throughout Hajj% 7a e pi grims recite the Ta !i$ah oud $ whereas female pilgrims are required to recite it in a low voice% Ta.seer ,hortening or c ipping of the who e head of hair !$ the ma e pi grim fo owing the comp etion of Hajj% This ma$ !e performed in ieu of Ha '% However" snipping off a few hairs here and there is not accepta! e% The sunnah of ;asoo 0 ah <p!uh= supports on $ Ta'seer and Ha '% Ta1a! The devotiona act of circumam!u ating the 6a!ah whi e reciting pra$ers% )t constitutes an integra part of Umra and Hajj% There are five different t$pes of Tawaf one ma$ performTa1a! #l I!a&ah The Tawaf performed !$ the pi grim on the 1Ath of :u Hijjah as the ast forma rite of Hajj in 7a##ah after changing into street c othes <a so ca ed Tawaf u( :i$arah=% Ta1a! #n Na!l 0 devotiona Tawaf which ma$ !e performed an$ time% Ta1a! #l /#&oo) The initia Tawaf performed !$ the pi grim upon entering 0 7asjid u Haram in 7a##ah pursuant upon his intention for Hajj% Ta1a! #l U)ra The Tawaf performed as a rite of Umra% Ta1a! #l W#&a The .arewe Tawaf performed !$ the pi grim just !efore eaving 7a##ah for his next destination% U)ra 0 set of re igious and devotiona rites performed in 7a##ah in an order ordained !$ 0 ah and ;asoo 0 ah <p!uh=% Umra can !e performed at an$ time of the $ear and" un i#e Hajj" does not invo ve the rites at 7ina" 7u(da ifah" and 0rafat% "a#) #n Nahr The 1Ath of :u Hijjah% This da$ is designated as the preferred da$ of sacrifice during Hajj% "a#) #t Tar1'yah The 8th of :u Hijjah signif$ing the start of Hajj% The pi grim proceeds to 7ina on this da$% 6#l H'**ah The ast month of the )s amic ca endar during which Hajj is performed%
Umra/Hajj Guide page 1A of 38
Chapter 3
BEFORE YOU LEAVE

3.1 General Hajj is one of the five pillars of Islam. All Muslims who fulfill certain conditions must perform Hajj at least once in their lifetime. What are these conditions? Are there any prerequisites of Hajj? The answers to these and many other similar questions can help you in makin decisions! and in plannin for Hajj in a "etter and more efficient fashion. 3.2 Who Must Per or! "a## #very Muslim who fulfills the followin conditions must perform Hajj at least once in his lifetime$
a% He must "e of sound mind! and in full control of his mental faculties. !% He must "e old enou h! and mature enou h to understand the full import! and c%
si nificance of what he is settin out to do. He must "e financially sound enou h to "e a"le not only to "ear all of his e%penses for Hajj "ut also to provide adequately for his dependents durin his a"sence and until his return.
3.3 Prere$u%s%tes O "a## &ince Hajj is an act of worship! it must "e performed in peace! and with sin le minded devotion. There are a num"er of simple! yet important! thin s you can do to et in the ri ht frame of mind for this unique e%perience. All of these are self'evident and are "ased on common sense. They are reiterated "elow for completeness of the discussion and as a reminder$
a% (our intention must "e to perform Hajj solely for the sake of Allah. )onsiderations of !% c% d%
pleasin or impressin others with your show of piety should never "e a factor. All Hajj e%penses must "e paid out of money o"tained throu h le itimate *Halal+ means. Money o"tained throu h ille itimate or dou"tful means is not accepta"le. All of your de"ts and financial o"li ations must "e fully dischar ed "efore you start your journey and! where necessary! a written acknowled ement of the transaction o"tained for future use. (ou must make an honest effort to resolve your outstandin differences with others and seek for iveness from those you may have hurt in any way in the past. This is "ased on specific instructions of ,asool Allah *p"uh+ and must "e followed for the Hajj to "e meanin ful.
3.& Preparat%ons For "a## &ince Hajj is a once'in'a'lifetime e%perience for most people! the importance of early and adequate preparation cannot "e over'emphasi-ed. There is a considera"le investment of money! time! and physical effort required for the .il rima e to "e fulfillin and meanin ful. Information has to "e collected! itineraries must "e worked out! and documents have to "e readied. The purpose of these preparations is not only to minimi-e physical discomfort! emotional a ravation and monetary e%penses! "ut also to ena"le you to perform Hajj in relative peace of heart and mind. Therefore! it makes sense to "e as ready as possi"le for this momentous journey of self'discovery! self'appraisal! and spiritual enli htenment.
Arran ements must "e started early enou h so that you are not rushed for time in the few days "efore your voya e commences. The paperwork! shoppin ! finali-in your travel and residential arran ements inside &audi Ara"ia etc.! consume a reat deal of time. Three to four months ahead of your actual date of departure is a ood estimate for startin your preparations. (our travel a ent! or a knowled ea"le friend who has performed Hajj recently! can also uide you in your preparations. /e sure to apply a 0factor of safety0 to their recommendations and allow yourself a somewhat reater period of preparation than they advise1 The followin uidelines are intended to et you started in the ri ht direction. &ince individual needs and preferences vary widely you will! in all pro"a"ility! add to the list as you prepare for the journey$
1% 'ra(el A)ent
)hoose a travel a ent who offers a wide selection of 0packa es0 for Hajj. There are a lar e num"er of travel a encies all over the country that offer Hajj services! and not all of their products are of equal quality and value. )hoosin the ri ht a ent is of crucial importance. Hopefully! a representative of your travel a ent will "e your constant uide and trou"le shooter durin Hajj. Invest time and effort in this essential phase of your preparation. Talk to friends and acquaintances who may have recently used the services of various companies and ask them for recommendations. The quality of service and commitment to the comfort and well'"ein of the pil rims vary si nificantly amon travel a ents. Whereas a ood and responsi"le a ent can 0make0 your Hajj! a "ad one can just as easily 0"reak0 it. /e sure to ask the travel a ent specific questions and have him ive you specific answers$
a% What will "e the duration of your stay in Makkah and Medina? What dates? Is the !%
c%
d% e%
pro ram fle%i"le or will it allow no chan es once it is made? Is there any additional cost to such chan es? If so! what is it? How far away will you "e stayin from Haram ash &hareef! "oth in Makkah and in Medina? If your place of residence is not within easy walkin distance *23'24 minutes+! what type of transportation to and from Haram ash &hareef will "e made availa"le? How often durin the day will it "e availa"le? Will a representative of the travel a ent who is fully conversant with the rites of Hajj! and &audi rules and procedures for customs! immi ration! and travel "e with you at all times? Will he stay in &audi Ara"ia for the duration of your visit? (ou do not want to "e left in &audi Ara"ia without adequate uidance and assistance. The laws and procedures there can "e very difficult! frustratin ! and time'consumin . Will the representative of the a ent "e conversant with the Ara"ic lan ua e? If not! will an interpreter "e provided in &audi Ara"ia? Most &audi authorities do not speak #n lish! and your command of Ara"ic is likely to "e limited. Will you have the option of travellin within &audi Ara"ia! *for e%ample from Makkah to Medina+! in a ta%i hired "y you at your own e%pense instead of the prepaid "us provided "y your muallim? How a"out possi"le return "y air from Medina to 5eddah on your way out of the country instead of the usual prepaid "us? 6et a ood idea of this additional e%pense. (ou may want to use the a"ove options in view of the fact that the "us journeys durin Hajj season can "e nerve'rackin . 7or e%ample! a "us journey from Makkah to Medina *appro%imately 833 km or 943 miles+ can take as lon as twenty to thirty hours! whereas a ta%i will cover the same distance in three to four hours. The small additional cost you will incur is well worth the money in terms of time saved and physical discomfort avoided. If you choose to use any of the alternate travel options *and it is hi hly recommend that you ive them very serious consideration+! "e sure to redeem your unused "us
coupons at 5eddah airport on your way out. (our travel a ent should "e a"le to help you in this.
f% What kind of arran ements will "e made for your stay in Mina and Arafat? How a"out g%
the food arran ements in Mina! Arafat! and Mu-dalifah? :oes the price of your packa e include meals? &ee if the a ents make an effort to vary the menu. (ou may have to supplement your meals with milk! fruits etc. 7ood supplied "y the a ents tends to "e monotonous! and the lack of variety is likely to kill your appetite after a couple of days1 Will the a ent arran e for a sacrifice on your "ehalf on the 23th of ;ul Hijjah? This is a common service a ents often provide for a small fee. They will inform you of the time of the sacrifice so that you may perform other rites accordin ly.
h%
1% Va**%nat%ons
(ou will need certain vaccinations for the issuance of a Hajj visa. The World Health <r ani-ation *WH<+ issues annual uidelines and requirements concernin vaccinations for travel to various countries includin &audi Ara"ia. (our physician will have the necessary information or will "e a"le to access it readily. )heck either with your travel a ent or the &audi Ara"ian #m"assy for additional requirements. The &audi 6overnment requirements are usually stricter than the WH< recommendations. 7or instance! whereas the WH< recommended immuni-ation a ainst only menin ococcal menin itis for travel to &audi Ara"ia in 2==>! the &audi authorities required immuni-ation a ainst cholera also. (our doctor may recommend additional vaccinations in the li ht of his knowled e and e%perience. The writer?s doctor *a specialist in infectious diseases+ recommended and administered immuni-ation a ainst typhoid fever! polio! pneumonia! diphtheria@tetanus *:@T+ and malaria. This may sound like 0over'kill0 and it pro"a"ly is in most cases. However! it can also save you a lot of worry and misery in those unfortunate instances where e%tra care is needed. To cite an e%ample $ in 2==> there was an out"reak of typhoid in India and some of the pil rims in the writer?s roup! who travelled to India after Hajj! "ecame seriously ill with the illness while there. It is possi"le that they contracted the disease from carriers amon the Indian pil rims in &audi Ara"ia! or they may have contracted the disease in India itself. In any case! earlier vaccination a ainst the disease would have saved them from much sufferin and an%iety. Had they contracted typhoid in &audi Ara"ia itself from the Indian pil rims! they would have had serious pro"lems completin their Hajj. /e sure to o"tain an official Aaccination ,ecord /ook *the 0(ellow /ook0+ from your )ounty or &tate Health :epartment. Have your physician fill it out! si n it! and stamp it. Anythin less may "e unaccepta"le to the &audi visa authorities! and you don?t want your visa application rejected for a small detail like this. Beep the vaccination record "ook with your other important documents and take it with you to &audi Ara"ia. (ou never know when you may need it.
2% +o*u!ents a% &audi 6overnment re ulations require your passport to "e valid for at least si%
months past the date of your departure. If it is not! have its validity e%tended or et a new passport well ahead of time. It takes several weeks for a passport to "e issued or e%tended under normal circumstances. (our local post office should have the necessary forms and other relevant information.
If you are not a C.&. citi-en and hold a 0 reen card0! your passport also needs to "e valid for si% months past the date of your departure. (our travel a ent will "e a"le to advise you of any additional requirements.
!% (ou will need a round'trip ticket to &audi Ara"ia for a Hajj visa to "e issued. (our
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d%
e%
travel a ent will ask you for a specific packa e of documents to "e su"mitted with your visa application. Dormally! the a ent will take care of the visa application as a part of his services. (our travel a ent will pro"a"ly ask you for four to five passport'si-ed pictures for a visa and other paper work. Have an additional four to five copies of the photos made and take them with you to &audi Ara"ia. They may "e needed for I: cards issued "y your muallim and other &audi documents and procedures. Havin spare pictures on hand will save you the time! a ravation! and e%pense involved in havin them made in a forei n land. If you were "orn in the C.&.A.! you may "e required to have a certificate issued "y a competent authority *e. .! the Imam of your local mosque+ statin that you are a Muslim. &ince non'muslims are not allowed in the holy cities of Makkah and Medina! such a document is of crucial importance! especially if you do not happen to have a typical Muslim name. (our travel a ent or the &audi #m"assy can advise you a"out the details of the said certificate. .repare a East Will and Testament and have it properly notari-ed. )onsult an attorney if it is a complicated will! or if you have concerns a"out your assets and property in case of somethin untoward happenin to you durin Hajj. Eeave the ori inal in a safety deposit "o% accessi"le to a mem"er of your family. The e%ecutor@e%ecutri% of your will should also "e iven a copy! and your attorney should pro"a"ly retain a copy also. Have him e%plain to you! and the immediate mem"ers of your family affected "y the will! the pro"ate laws of your state and advise them as to the "est course of action in case of your death a"road.
1% General a% (ou will "e e%ertin considera"le physical effort durin Hajj. All Hajj rites *Tawaf!
&ai! ,ummy etc.+ require a reat deal of stren th and endurance. The constant crush of hundreds of thousands of other pil rims! each tryin to perform the same rites at the same time in limited spaces and very hot weather! compounds the demands on your physical conditionin and mental tou hness. In order to "e prepared for the ri ors e%pected of you! you must "e in ood physical shape. To achieve this! start a pro ram of "risk walkin and jo in for twenty to thirty minutes a day a"out three to four months "efore your departure. 6radually increase this re imen to an hour every day or every other day. After a few days of walkin @jo in start recitin audi"ly the Tal"iyah and the prayers for Tawaf.This will keep your mind occupied durin the monotony of the e%ercise! and will also help you et in a peaceful frame of mind. )oncentratin on the meanin of the prayers will help you et ready for the actual Hajj as well.
!% <"tain and study "ooks on Hajj and its rites if you wish to know more a"out its
history and traditions. 7amiliari-e yourself with all aspects of the Hajj process. Memori-e the prayers you will "e recitin and also learn their meanin . It requires very little effort to do so and it is so much more fulfillin and rewardin when you understand what you recite. It serves little purpose to recite prayers mindlessly with no comprehension of the words spoken. The more you know a"out Hajj! its o"li ations! and FG=Hprohi"itions! the more comforta"le and at peace you will feel durin the whole process. (ou will "e confident of what you are doin ! and will also "e independent of the advice and promptin of your friends or a mutawwif. (our prayers will "ear the hallmark of the sin le'
mindedness and devotion "orn of knowled e and confidence. (ou will also "e a"le to help and uide your less knowled ea"le companions! answer their questions! and allay their fears. &ome people do not take the trou"le of learnin the FG=Hrites and prayers of Hajj themselves and! consequently! depend on professional mutawwifs for the performance of these rites. (ou will find such people performin the Tawaf under the leadership of these professionals! tryin to keep up with their 0leader0 in the millin thron s of pil rims around the Ba"ah! and at the same time! tryin to repeat the prayers intoned "y their mutawwif1 With a little "it of effort! you can avoid the pro"lems and frustrations of tryin to follow some one else closely enou h in a vast! movin crowd to listen to and parrot his intonations.
c% A female pilgrim must travel in the company of her husband or a mahram i.e., a
member of her immediate family with whom her marriage is expressly prohibited by the shariah e.g., father, brother, son, uncle, etc. A female pilgrim, who is forty five years of age or older, may be allowed to travel with a group of pilgrims without a mahram if a family in the group sponsors her. Ask your agent for details.
3., 'h%n)s 'o 'a-e W%th You The followin is a fairly comprehensive list of thin s you will need to take with you to make your journey! and su"sequent stay in &audi Ara"ia safe! convenient! and relatively care'free. &ince personal needs and preferences vary! you may want to make chan es in this list to suit your own requirements.
1% .hra!
The Ihram consists of two pieces of white! unsewn and FG=Hplain cloth! either 233I cotton or li ht terry'cloth. These are cool to wear and also provide for "etter a"sorption of the heavy perspiration you will inevita"ly e%perience durin Hajj. The si-es of the two pieces are as follows$ /ottom .art $ 840 *2 2@8 yd+ % 2930 *J 2@J yd+ Top .art $ 840 *2 2@8 yd+ % >90 *9 yd+
a% Tear off two! two to three inch wide strips of a sufficient len th from the same
material. Cse one as a "elt to secure the "ottom portion of the Ihram. Beep the other as a spare. An ordinary "elt or fanny "elt may also "e used for the same purpose! "ut a strip of Ihram cloth is a lot more practical! and uno"trusive. It keeps the Ihram firmly in place and! unlike a fanny "elt or pouch! does not have to "e inspected "y the police at the entrance to the Haram ash &hareef. Tear off an ei ht to ten inch wide strip of sufficient len th from the same material. Cse it to secure money! credit cards! airline ticket! etc. around your midriff under the Ihram. Cse a plastic sandwich "a inside this make'shift pouch to keep these thin s dry! and secure. This is as pilfer'proof as possi"le and!unlike a "elt or fanny pouch! does not attract the unwanted attention of pickpockets and thieves. (ou may still use a fanny pouch to carry other thin s such as medication! pen! a handkerchief! and a small amount of money for daily use. (our fanny pouch will "e inspected "y the police at the entrance to Haram ash &hareef in Makkah and Medina. /e patient and understandin as the police are only doin their jo".
!%
1% Me/%*at%on
6astrointestinal and respiratory infections are very FG=Hcommon durin Hajj . .eople from all over the world "rin with them all kinds of infections! and the unavoida"le closeness of the
hundreds of thousands of pil rims facilitates easy spread of these illnesses. 7ati ue! and lack of sleep from the physically demandin re imen of Hajj rites as well as the over'enthusiastic e%ertions in prayers and devotions! lower one?s immunity and resistance! there"y makin one more vulnera"le to disease. However! you can take elementary precautions to minimi-e your chances of "ecomin ill! and also to ensure that you will et "ack on your feet faster should you et sick. 6ettin and stayin in ood physical shape "y re ular e%ercise prior to your departure is a ood first step. (ou can also carry certain medicines with you for use later.
a% Ask your doctor to prescri"e a "road'spectrum anti"iotic to "e taken prophylactically
!%
*i.e.! as a preventive measure+ throu hout your stay in &audi Ara"ia. The writer?s doctor prescri"ed 943 m of the anti"iotic )I.,< to "e taken daily. He found it to "e very helpful and effective as he was a"out the only person in his roup of appro%imately seventy five people who remained healthy and free of all infections durin his stay. )I.,< is easily availa"le in &audi Ara"ia. &ome people were prescri"ed AM<KI)IEEID "y &audi doctors and pharmacists with ood results. Most medicines are availa"le over the counter in &audi Ara"ia! and even pharmacists readily prescri"e medication. However it is prefera"le to consult your doctor in the C.&.A. for your needs for o"vious reasons. )arry a reasona"le supply of over'the'counter dru s such as $ A&.I,ID! T(E#D<E! A:AIE or AE#A# *for pain+ T(E#D<E .M *as a sleep'aid+ /#D6A(! A&.#,),#M# *for muscular pain+ .#.T</I&M<E! IMM<:ICM *for diarrhea+ #M#T,<E *for nausea+ )<C6H :,<.&! MCETI'AITAMID&! /AD:'AI:&! ADTI'/A)T#,IAE ),#AM *for cuts+
1% Wa%st Pou*h 0Fann1 Pou*h2

Beep valua"les *documents! money! travellers? checks! keys! credit cards! etc.+ in the fanny pouch around your waist at all times. +o not e(er lea(e 1our ho!e 3%thout %t. /e especially careful and wary in crowded places. Cnfortunately! there are thieves and pickpockets even inside Haram ash &hareef1 Hold on to the pouch with your hand in crowds e. .! while doin Tawaf or when visitin Al Masjid un Da"awi in Medina. /uy a ood quality fanny "elt or pouch. It is a small "ut a very ood investment.
2% 4u%t*ase
Hard'cased! hi h quality lu a e with a "uilt'in lockin system is hi hly recommended. :o not use a soft! vinyl suitcase with outside hasps for locks. /oth the suitcase as well as the locks can "e easily cut and the contents stolen. Many people have the mistaken notion that every one in and around the holy cities of Makkah and Medina and Al Haram ash &hareef is a 6od fearin ! devoted Muslim. Therefore! they feel immune from criminal activity. Cnfortunately! that is just not true. Inspite of the severe punishments awarded to convicted criminals "y &audi authorities! crime does e%ist. .ickpockets and crooks find it easy to prey on unsuspectin pil rims whose uard is down "ecause of their preoccupation with Hajj activities. Always keep your suitcase locked and do not ever leave money! important papers or other valua"les in it.(our residential room will "e periodically cleaned "y the cleanin
staff! and the "est way to keep every one honest is not to offer any temptation. Take two sets of keys for your suitcase. Beep one set in the fanny pouch! and the other in a separate! and safe location.
3% Mone1
Take a sufficient amount of currency to cover your projected e%penses. It is difficult to recommend an amount since individual needs! travel and livin arran ements! shoppin plans etc. vary widely. <nly you can decide on the amount to carry. In any event!do not advertise to others either the amount of money you possess or its place of safekeepin . (ou can never "e too careful.The followin are some useful uidelines in this area$
a% Have most of your money in the form of travellers? checks. They are safe to carry! can
"e cashed almost anywhere! and are easily replaced in case of theft or loss. &ince your passport will have "een taken from you for the duration of your stay "y the &audi authorities in 5eddah! the I: card issued "y your muallim will most pro"a"ly "e used for check cashin purposes. The importance of this card cannot "e over'emphasi-ed. Take ood care of it1 /esides the &audi "anks! the travellers? checks can also "e cashed at the numerous 0sarrafs0 *money chan ers+ located in the market in Makkah and Medina.
!% )arry a small amount of &audi riyals with you. A minimum of one thousand riyals *2
c%
d%
:ollar L J.>4 ,iyals+ is recommended. (ou can purchase them at almost all currency e%chan es located in major American airports. This &audi currency will help you take care of your immediate e%penses upon your arrival until you "ecome familiar with the local system. (ou will also save time and a ravation associated with makin trips to the "anks to cash your checks. All "anks tend to "e crowded durin the Hajj season and may also "e closed at certain times of the day and certain days of the week. Take only one credit card with you to minimi-e pro"lems in case of its loss. Make sure that you can use it to char e telephone calls also. :o not for et to carry the information required to contact the credit card issuin institution in case of its theft or misplacement. Take some C.&. currency also with you. (ou can e%chan e it for &audi currency everywhere in emer encies! and may need it immediately upon your return to the C.&.A.
1% Cloth%n)
&audi Ara"ia is a very hot part of the world most of the year. The presence of two to three million pil rims durin Hajj in rather con ested spaces with the inevita"le pushin and shovin adds to the discomfort. The Hajj rites! -iyarat *i.e.! visitin places of reli ious or historical interest+! shoppin ! etc. require considera"le walkin and physical e%ertion. )onsequently! li ht and airy clothes for street wear are the "est. Take enou h chan es of clothes to make your stay comforta"le! "ut "e careful not to over"urden yourself with unnecessary clothes. In the hot &audi Ara"ian weather! one set of clothes lasts only a day. .rofessional laundry facilities are availa"le in &audi Ara"ia! thou h coin'operated laundries are a rarity. 6ettin your clothes cleaned professionally is quite e%pensive! particularly as the prices tend to sky'rocket durin the Hajj season. &ome do'it'yourself li ht laundry may "e necessary and is! indeed! hi hly recommended. It is a ood idea to pack some laundry deter ent! and wash your Ihram and other li ht items yourself. (ou will have a considera"le amount of spare time "efore and after Hajj. Cse it for 0housekeepin 0.
Umra/Hajj Guide page 1D of 38
7or street wear! Indo'.ak shalwar'qamees! and kurta'pajama as well as the &audi thou" *a one'piece head'to'toe arment+ are ideal and are recommended. Thou"s are easily availa"le everywhere in &audi Ara"ia. :ependin on the time of the year! you may want to pack a li ht sweater for early mornin wear in Medina! which tends to "e cool at that time of day in Dovem"er and :ecem"er.
2% Foo/s54na*-s5Water
There is no real need for you to carry items of food with you. #verythin is readily availa"le in &audi Ara"ia at a reasona"le cost. &audi authorities do not allow perisha"le food items to "e "rou ht into the country in si nificant quantities anyway. .acka ed and canned products in limited quantities! however! may "e "rou ht in "y tourists and pil rims. 7or emer encies and durin periods of lon waitin *e. .! at 5eddah airport+ carry'on food may come in useful and handy. All kinds of food are availa"le at 5eddah airport also. &ome people may! however! prefer to use their own food immediately upon arrival in a forei n land. &ome eneral uidelines are iven "elow$
a% A couple of packs of cookies and crackers are helpful and provide a ood snack. !%
,emove them from their "o%esH they occupy much less space as individual rolls. 6ranola "ars! packa ed dates! fi newtons and similar items are recommended also. All varieties of fruits are easily o"taina"le everywhere in &audi Ara"ia and provide much needed flavor and nutrition. .eela"le fruits *"ananas! oran es etc.+ are recommended to minimi-e e%posure to infection from insanitary handlin . Wash all fruits carefully "efore use! and avoid fruits and food e%posed to the elements. &oft drinks of all kinds are o"taina"le in &audi Ara"ia at all major and minor shoppin esta"lishments! and are entirely safe to drink. Bottle/ 3ater %s *heap6 an/ shoul/ 7e the onl1 3ater 1ou /r%n-. Tap water or water from any other source *e%cept! of course! the ;am';am water+ should not "e used for drinkin purposes. Milk! yo urt! "uttermilk! ice cream! and other dairy products are widely availa"le! and should "e li"erally used to supplement your diet. Take two 2M'o- cans of powdered .<W#,A:# or 6AT<,A:# with you. Mi%ed directly with a "ottle of cold water! they make for a nutritious and delicious drink and also serve to replenish "ody salts and chemicals lost throu h the inevita"le heavy perspiration.
c%
d% e%
1% M%s*ellaneous
The followin is a list of items of daily use you should carry with you. They will make your life easier! and your stay in &audi Ara"ia more comforta"le.
a% multi'"lade pocket knife! can opener! nail clipper! small scissors. !% tooth "rush! tooth paste! disposa"le ra-ors! shavin cream! small mirror! com"! toilet c% d%
e%
paper *9 rolls+! napkins! soap *9 cakes+! plastic soap dish! small shampoo "ottle! deodorant! chapstick! small vaseline! tooth picks. pocket Nuran! tas"eeh!pen! pencil! note"ook. slippers *flip'flops! thon s! chappals+! sneakers! foldin um"rella! sun lasses *or clip' on sunshades+! small flash li ht with e%tra "atteries! travel alarm clock! elastic eye' lass holder! "ase"all cap! 23 -ippered sandwich "a s! 8 ar"a e "a s! plastic spoons! laundry deter ent! O plastic rocery "a s. towels *9 lar e! 9 small+! musalla *i.e. prayer ru +! one heavy sheet! inflata"le pillow.
Chapter &
When You Get 'o 4au/% Ara7%a

&.1 General
Aery little information is availa"le a"out &audi Ara"ia in "ooks on Hajj. Answers to the many questions you will have are hard to come "y. What should you e%pect in &audi Ara"ia in terms of livin conditions! rules and re ulations! customs and travel? What is oin to happen in 5eddah? Where is Meeqat! and what facilities for shower and "ath! if any! are availa"le there? What precautions and arran ements will make your stay more comforta"le? These and other similar questions are dealt with in this chapter.
&.2 At Mee$at (our travel a ent will inform you a"out the location of your Meeqat. There! you will shower if possi"le! take care of eneral personal hy iene and then chan e into Ihram.
Wrap the lar er of the two portions of the Ihram around your waist to cover your "ody from just a"ove the navel to a"out the ankles. &ecure the Ihram either with a "elt or with a two to three inch wide strip of fa"ric torn from the Ihram material. :rape the other part of the Ihram over the "ack and the shoulders. :o not cover your head even for salat while in a state of Ihram. (ou may use perfume "efore chan in into Ihram! "ut "e sure not to apply it directly to your Ihram.
(ou are now a Muhrim *i.e.! one in a state oh Ihram+ and are su"ject to certain o"li ations and prohi"itions which are iven later in this chapter.
<ffer two rakah salat us sunnah and pronounce your intention to perform Cmra or Hajj! as the case may "e. &tart recitin the Tal"iyah loudly and frequently! and continue to do so until you arrive at the Masjid ul Haram.
Ihram for ladies consists of their simple and unpretentious clothes of daily wear. They are required to keep their hands and faces uncovered in the state of Ihram. While in Ihram! you may use certain thin s for comfort and convenience. (ou may wear flip' flops! or similar slippers! provided that they cover as little of your feet as possi"le. (ou may also wear eye lasses or a watch! use an um"rella! take a shower or a "ath! wash and chan e your Ihram! use unscented soap! use a "elt and a pillow! and cover yourself with a "lanket durin cold weather leavin your head and face uncovered. Ladies may continue to wear intimate apparel and socks but may not use gloves. &.3 O7l%)at%ons An/ Proh%7%t%ons O .hra! A Muhrim must o"serve certain o"li ations and prohi"itions. A willful violation of any of them will require a :um or Baffarah! while an inadvertent violation carries no penalty. A :um is not desi ned to punish you for your violation1 It simply reminds you of your special state and offers you an opportunity to renew your commitment to perform Hajj accordin to the dictates of Allah and the sunnah of ,asool Allah *p"uh+. The rules of Ihram are as follows$
a% Beep your head uncovered at all times. Ladies will keep their heads covered.
!% :o not shave! cut your hair! clip your nails! use perfume! or wear sewn clothes of any c% d% e%
kind. :o not perform a marria e *nikah+ or enter into one yourself. :o not kill an animal of any kind for any reason unless it poses a dan er to you or to other people around you. :o not enter into conju al relations with your spouse. Avoid su estive and provocative talk or estures! and remain focussed on your mission of Hajj.
&.& +u! As has already "een mentioned! you are not accounta"le for inadvertent violations of the prohi"itions of Ihram. &hould you violate the sanctity of the Ihram knowin ly and willfully! you are required to offer a :um "y way of e%piation and of renewin your commitment to Hajj. There are three ways you may offer this Baffarah$
a% /y offerin a sacrifice. !% /y feedin si% indi ent and poor people. c% /y fastin for three days.
(ou must offer the :um as soon as possi"le. However! you may delay it to a more suita"le time and place if a"solutely necessary.
&., 8e//ah An/ On 'o Ma--ah There are le al formalities to "e completed and paperwork to "e done at 5eddah airport! and they will take a lot of time1 To put thin s in perspective $ Makkah! which is usually the first stop after 5eddah for most people! is a mere fifty miles from 5eddah. (ou will! in all likelihood! spend as many as ei ht to twelve hours completin formalities and travellin in a "us to cover this distance. /e patient. There is not much you can do to speed up the process. After oin throu h a ma-e of procedures! paperwork! customs and immi ration! travel coupons for internal travel within &audi Ara"ia will "e attached to your passport and you will "e escorted to overnment "uses for your journey to Makkah. At this time! your passport will "e taken away. :o not e%pect a receiptH none will "e provided. The passport will "e kept "y the muallim assi ned to you "y the &audi overnment! and you will ne%t see it a ain at 5eddah airport the day you leave for home1 (ou will "e issued a picture'I: card in Makkah "y your muallim in lieu of the passport. 'a-e )oo/ *are o th%s (%tal /o*u!ent unt%l 1our passport %s returne/ to 1ou. The "us will take you first to the Hujjaj ,eception )enter on your way to Makkah. After your papers are checked once a ain over an indeterminate period of time! you will "e taken to your muallim?s office in Makkah. There you will "e issued a plastic "racelet or some other form of a document with the name! address and the telephone num"er of your muallim printed on it. Be sure al3a1s to ha(e %t on 1our person. . 1ou e(er )et lost or are %n an a**%/ent6 the 7ra*elet5/o*u!ent 3%ll 7e 1our passport to the r%)ht people. W%thout %t 1ou !a1 a*e tre!en/ous /% %*ult%es %n return%n) to 1our pla*e o res%/en*e. (our a ent will ne%t take you to your residence in Makkah. <nce you put your "elon in s safely away! and finally settle down! you will "e ready to o to Masjid ul Haram for Tawaf ul Nudoom1 &.9 'ra(el W%th%n 4au/% Ara7%aFG=H Travel within &audi Ara"ia is hi hly restricted. As a pil rim! your travels will "e limited to the cities of Makkah and Medina! to the tent cities of Mina and Arafat! and to Mu-dalifah. Inter'
city travel *for e%ample "etween Makkah and Medina+ will require you! or your travel a ent! to inform your muallim?s office twenty four to forty ei ht hours "efore the projected time of your departure. (ou will travel "y overnment "us usin one of your travel coupons. (ou may also "e a"le to travel "y ta%i at an additional cost to you. In either case! your passport will "e handed over to the &audi "us@ta%i driver *a non'&audi driver is not accepta"le+ "y the muallim. The driver will personally hand the passport over to the relevant &audi authority at your destination. At e(er1 su*h e:*han)e o the passport6 re$uest to see the /o*u!ent %n or/er to ensure that %t reall1 %s 1ours; (ou do not want to reach your destination only to discover that someone else?s passport has "een inadvertently su"stituted for yours1 This can happen. /e pro'active! alert and informed of everythin that is happenin at all times. It may "e to your advanta e to use private ta%is at an e%tra e%pense to you for inter'city travel. (our travel coupons are desi ned to "e used for such trips "y overnment "uses only. However! the paperwork! overnment "ureaucracy! and the "us system are e%cruciatin ly slow! especially durin the Hajj season. To cite a couple of e%amples $
a% The 5eddah'Makkah journey *a distance of merely fifty miles+ may take ei ht to !%

twelve hours "y "us from the time you land to the time you reach your residence in Makkah. The Makkah'Medina journey *a distance of a"out 943 miles+ may take twenty to thirty hours "y "us from the time you report to the muallim?s office to when you arrive at your final destination. &ome people in the writer?s roup spent forty hours durin this journey in a overnment "us1
A ta%i will make short work of these trips in one and a half to two hours and three to four hours! respectively. The paper work is also a""reviated "ecause you arran e for the ta%i yourself and don?t have to wait on other passen ers! nor are you at the mercy of the "us driver. (ou will pay for the ta%i out of your own pocket! "ut the time! frustration! and physical toll this will save far outwei hs the small monetary e%pense. Talk to your travel a ent "eforehand to ensure that this hi hly desira"le option will "e availa"le to you. Also! remem"er to redeem your unused travel coupons at 5eddah airport on your way out of the country. (our a ent should "e a"le to help you in this matter. :o not for et to inform your muallim of your plans to travel "y ta%i well ahead of time! otherwise he will remove the coupons from your passport and you will not "e a"le to have the appropriate amount of money refunded. There is no civilian airport at Makkah! "ut there is one in Medina. (ou may choose to fly from Medina to 5eddah at your own e%pense. However! with the e%tra paperwork! the drive to the Medina airport! and the inevita"le wait there! you will pro"a"ly end up spendin as much time flyin as you will spend "y travellin in a ta%i. &.< 'he +O=4 an/ +O>'=4 O "a## The followin are some su estions "ased on common sense and the e%perience of the writer and his fellow pil rims. They will make your life easier and your Hajj e%perience more pleasura"le! Insha Allah$ 'he +O=4?
1% +O carry sufficient money with you to cover your e%penses comforta"ly. #ven if your
a ent has made adequate arran ements for your meals! you will want to eat out at times! and then there is shoppin 1 (ou may also choose to travel "y ta%i "etween cities at an additional char e to you. It is no fun runnin short on funds in a forei n country! especially durin Hajj. +O wash all fruits in clean water "efore consumption. &tick to fruits that have to "e peeled "efore use. Avoid pre'cut fruits! salads! and food handled in an insanitary
2%
3%
2%
3%
4% D%
8%
9%
fashion. Avoid all food e%posed to the elements. 7ast food is availa"le at some places "ut tends to "e of somewhat lower quality than its American counterpart. It is! however! safe and sanitary. +O keep the name! address and the telephone num"er of your muallim as well as of your place of residence with you at all times. +O wear the "racelet issued "y the muallim and +O carry your picture I: card at all times. They will prove to "e invalua"le should somethin happen to you or if you et lost. +O "e aware of the heat and the pro"lems it can cause *e. .! dehydration! heat stroke+. :rink plenty of water * 7ottle/ 3ater onl1! with or without 6AT<,A:#+! soft drinks! and fruit juices. &tay in the shade when possi"le and use an um"rella and sun lasses to protect yourself from the harsh sun. +O pace yourself in everythin ! includin acts of worship. Bnow your physical limits and stay well within them. It is only too easy to et cau ht up in the emotion of the moment and e%ceed the "oundaries of your stren th and stamina. .il rims often try to spend every spare moment of their time in prayers and devotionals in Haram ash &hareef and often "ecome sick. It is very painful and frustratin to et sick in a forei n country and an illness durin Hajj is even worse as it defeats the purpose of your visit. +O carry an ample supply of eneral purpose medicines for personal use. Most medicines are readily availa"le in &audi Ara"ia over the counter. Talk to a pharmacist or see a doctor promptly if you need help. +O spend some time in studyin and memori-in the layout and the location of your tent at Mina and Arafat! and your place of temporary stay in Mu-dalifah with respect! possi"ly! to a near"y permanent landmark. All tents and pil rims look alike. &hould you et lost or confused! you will "e faced with an e%tremely difficult! even an impossi"le! task of ettin "ack to your "ase. +O "e patient! understandin ! carin and compassionate. The hot weather! the tremendous crush of the pil rims! and the considera"le physical demands of Hajj tend to make people irrita"le and short of temper. (ou can avoid potentially awkward situations and unnecessary ar uments "y remainin focussed on your mission of Hajj! and "y maintainin a positive and carin attitude towards others. +O try to "e responsive to others in need of uidance or help. ,eali-e that your physical stamina and mental tou hness will "e repeatedly tried durin Hajj.
'he +O>'=4?
1% +O>=' ever leave money or other valua"les *e . papers! jewelry etc.+ in your room.
Always carry them with you on your person and "e aware of people around you. Cnfortunately! there are pickpockets and thieves in and around the Haram ash &hareef. Beep your fanny pouch covered "y the top part of your Ihram in order to avoid drawin unwanted attention. +O>=' e%pect Hajj to "e a pleasure trip. Try to take your frustrations! hardships! and disappointments *and there will definitely "e many1+ in stride as a part of the sacrifice e%pected of you. &ee if you can ease someone else?s "urden a little "y offerin your support. +O>=' "reak or try to circumvent &audi laws and re ulations. The rules are clear and ri id! and the authorities are very strict. +O>=' et involved in unnecessary reli ious discussions with anyone. (ou will see sli ht variations in reli ious and Hajj practices amon different people. &omeone may even point out to you the 0wron ness0 of your ways. /e patient and walk away from a difficult situation. .atience and understandin o a lon way towards makin your Hajj more meanin ful and enjoya"le.
2%
3% 2%
&.@ Pr%*es .n 4au/% Ara7%a The followin prices in &audi ,iyals *&,+ of a few representative items are intended to ive you an idea of what to e%pect in the marketplace. Ha lin for prices is common and! indeed! seems to "e e%pected. Talk to knowled ea"le people *e. .! your travel a ent or a local friend+
to decide on an openin price for an item. In the e%perience of the writer and his fellow pil rims! >4I to M4I of the askin price appeared to "e an accepta"le openin fi ure$ )asual &hirt $ &, 23'24 Avera e Nuality Thou" $ &, 93'94 Hi h Nuality Thou" $ &, O3'M3 Musalla $ &, 24'93 /ottled Water *2 liter+ $ &, 2 *9 liters+ $ &, 9 &oft :rinks *29 o- can+ $ &, 2 7ruit 5uice *29 o- can+ $ &, 2'9 Ice )ream *9 scoops+ $ &, 9 Milk *2 liter+ $ &, J'8 Ae etarian :inner $ &, 4'> Don'Ae etarian :inner $ &, >'23 :eep'fried )hicken :inner $ &, 23'29 /ar"ecued )hicken :inner $ &, 29'24 7lip 7lops *Thon s+ $ &, 23 Ta%i *Makkah'Medina+ $ &, 43'O3 per person Halq@Taqseer *Haircut+ $ &, 23
Chapter ,
UMRA A>+ "A88

,.1 General
This chapter descri"es the rites of Cmra and Hajj in detail. The followin are pertinent to this discussion$ a% &ince the rites of Tawaf and &ai are central to "oth Cmra and Hajj! they are descri"ed
first.
!% /ecause the rites of Cmra are an inte ral part of Hajj! they are descri"ed ne%t!
followed "y the remainin rites specific to Hajj only.
c% The technical terms defined in )hapter 9 are li"erally used in this chapter. This makes
for a concise! easy'to'follow presentation and avoids repetition. Therefore! you must "e thorou hly familiar with this voca"ulary in order to understand the process of Cmra and Hajj. The rites of Hajj to "e performed in Mina! Arafat! and Mu-dalifah are descri"ed in a separate section! even thou h reference to them is made in earlier sections a"out the rites of Hajj. This is done for convenience and to avoid redundancy.
d%
,.2 'a3a The devotional act of circumam"ulatin *i.e. walkin around+ the Ba"ah while recitin prayers and supplications is called Tawaf. <ne complete circuit around the Ba"ah constitutes a shawt *pl. ashwaat+! and seven ashwaat complete one Tawaf. ,.2.1 '1pes o 'a3a As was "riefly descri"ed in )hapter 9! there are five types of Tawaf you may perform$
1% 'a3a ul Au/oo! is the initial Tawaf you will perform upon arrival at the Masjid ul
2%
3%
2% 3%
Haram in Makkah for the first time pursuant upon your niyyah of Cmra or Hajj. 'h%s %s the onl1 'a3a %n 3h%*h 1ou are re$u%re/ to 3ear .hra! an/ pra*t%*e ./t%7a an/ Ra!al. They are not required in any other type of Tawaf. 'a3a ul . a/ah 0'a3a uB C%1arah2 is the Tawaf you will perform on the 23th of ;ul Hijjah after takin off the Ihram and chan in into street clothes and "efore returnin to Mina for ,ummy. .hra!6 ./t%7a an/ Ra!al are not re$u%re/ %n th%s 'a3a . However! &ai is required of a Mutamatti! "ut is not required of a Narin or a Mufrid. FG=H 'a3a ul Wu/a 0'he Fare3ell 'a3a 2 is the Tawaf you will perform immediately "efore leavin Makkah for your ne%t destination followin the completion of Hajj. This is the last act you perform in Makkah. (ou are not supposed to lin er there after this Tawaf. Ihram! Idti"a! ,amal and &ai are not required in Tawaf ul Wuda. 'a3a un >a l is a devotional Tawaf you may perform any time! and as many times as! you wish. Do Ihram is required for this Tawaf. &ai is also not required! althou h you may perform it if you so desire. 'a3a ul U!ra is the Tawaf you perform as a part of the rites of Cmra. It is identical to Tawaf ul Nudoom in its essentials e%cept for the niyyah.
,.2.2 +eta%ls O 'a3a
Tawaf of the Ba"ah is the heart and soul of the rites of Hajj. The mode and the details associated with Tawaf were prescri"ed "y ,asool Allah *p"uh+ himself. The intent in this section is to descri"e the Tawaf in some detail in order to clarify the procedure! and also to answer any questions that may arise durin that process. The essentials of Tawaf are as follows$
1% Eike any other act of worship! Tawaf also starts with the intention *niyyah+ to perform 2%
3% 2% 3% 4% D% 8%
9% 1A% 11%
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this act for the sake of Allah only. #ach circuit! or shawt! starts from Hajar ul Aswad with the pil rim recitin DB%s!%llah6 AllahEoEA-7arD and performin the Istilam of the sacred stone. In order for you to reco ni-e the point of initiation of the Tawaf! the floor of the Masjid ul Haram has a strip of "rown'"lack mar"le radiatin from the Hajar ul Aswad out to the wall of the Masjid ul Haram. At ni ht! there is a reen li ht on the same wall to identify this location. #ach shawt ends at Hajar ul Aswad with its Istilam. The pil rim will "e in a new shawt after recitin DB%s!%llah6 AllahEoEA-7arD as "efore from this spot. #ach shawt is performed in the counterclockwise direction with the Ba"ah always to your left. Ihram is worn only for Tawaf ul Nudoom and Tawaf ul Cmra. #very day street clothes are worn for other types of Tawaf. Idti"a and ,amal are performed only in Tawaf ul Nudoom and are not required for other types of Tawaf. omen are not required to perform !amal. Tawaf is to "e completed with no interruptions. However! if 0a-an0 *the call to prayers+ is recited durin the Tawaf! you should stop to join the prayers at wheresoever you may "e at that point in time! and resume the Tawaf from there after the prayer is over. It is not necessary to restart the interrupted shawt afresh from Hajar ul Aswad. After the Tawaf! you will offer two rakahs of salat us sunnah! prefera"ly with the Maqam'o'I"rahim "etween you and the Ba"ah. If that is not possi"le! prayer offered anywhere in the Masjid ul Haram is accepta"le. &ai may "e required after Tawaf dependin on the niyyah pronounced "y you at the "e innin . However it is not essential for &ai to follow the Tawaf immediately. Tawaf can "e performed in the mornin with the &ai followin in the afternoon or evenin . (ou will "e recitin prayers and supplications durin Tawaf. However! there are no specific prayers to "e recited durin Tawaf. (ou may pray in any way and in any lan ua e you prefer! "ut the prayers most often recited "y pil rims are iven in )hapter O. (ou will find them very movin and meanin ful and may want to use them. There are special provisions to be observed by a female pilgrim who is in a state of "ceremonial impurity" #menstruation or post$natal bleeding%. &hould she enter this state before 'eeqat, she will pronounce her intention to perform (a)), and enter in the state of Ihram as usual. &he will then proceed to perform all rites of *mra and (a)), including those at 'ina, Arafat and 'u+dalifah, except,
a% &he will refrain from offering all prayers #salats%. !% &he will perform neither Tawaf nor &ai. c% &he will not perform Tawaf ul Ifadah.
After she gets out of her state, she will perform Tawaf, &ai, and Tawaf ul Ifadah to complete her (a)). ,.3 4a%
,.3.1 General The devotional act of walkin seven times "etween the knolls of &afa and Marwah which are located some distance from the Ba"ah inside Masjid ul Haram! is called &ai. Accordin to tradition! .rophet I"rahim left his wife! Hajar! and infant son! Ismail! in the desert close to where Ba"ah is located today in response to a divine revelation. Cnfortunately! his wife and son were with few provisions. After her mea er supply of water was e%hausted and her son started cryin with thirst! Hajar "e an lookin for water in the desert. In her desperation! she repeatedly ran "etween the hillocks of &afa and Marwah! clim"in them to et a "etter view of the landscape and! perhaps! also to see if there was a desert traveler in si ht. Cpon her return to her son after one of her runs! she discovered that a sprin had miraculously sprouted near the infant. This sprin ! called ;am';am is located to the east of Ba"ah inside Masjid ul Haram today. It still runs as stron today as it has for thousands of years. In a land where water is scarce! the sweet eli%ir of ;am';am runs a"undantly in eloquent testimony to the power and mercy of Almi hty Allah. Millions of people have drunk from it since that ama-in day! and continue to do so today with no end in si ht to this miracle of 6od. (ou will retrace the steps of Hajar in &ai! in commemoration of her search for water and Allah?s mercy in answerin her prayers with the miracle of ;am';am! and also to assert your own commitment to walk in the path of Allah. ,.3.2 +eta%ls O 4a% The details of &ai are as follows$
1% (ou will start your &ai at &afa where you will face the Ba"ah! raise your hands in
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3% 2%
supplication to Allah! recite DB%s!%llah6 AllahEoEA-7arD three times and start walkin towards Marwah! all the time recitin prayers and supplications of your choice. &tartin a"out midway "etween &afa and Marwah! you will walk faster! or jo ! for the len th marked "y reen li hts overhead. These li hts define the len th covered "y Hajar runnin to et to hi her round faster. (our arrival at Marwah completes one le of the &ai. Cpon arrivin at Marwah! you will repeat the supplications offered at &afa *i.e. face the Ba"ah and repeat DB%s!%llah6 AllahEoEA-7arD three times+! turn around and retrace your walk "ack to &afa. This will complete the second le of the &ai. (ou will repeat steps 2 to J until you complete the seventh le which will end at Marwah. The &ai is now complete.
>otes?FGHI
a% If a-an is recited for prayer durin the &ai! you will stop wheresoever you may "e at
that point in time! and resume the &ai from that spot after the prayer. It is not necessary to restart the &ai! or the le affected "y the pause! afresh from its startin point. omen are not required to run between the green lights in deference to the modesty expected of them in Islam.
!%
,.& U!ra ,.&.1 General
Cmra *sometimes referred to as The Eesser .il rima e+ consists of the performance of a set of devotional rites in the Masjid ul Haram in Makkah. These rites also form an inte ral part of Hajj! and were prescri"ed "y Allah and ,asool Allah *p"uh+. Cmra may "e performed at any time of the year and as many times as you may wish. The followin are the essential elements of Cmra$
1% )han in into Ihram at Meeqat! followed "y the pronouncement of the intention 2% 3% 2%
*niyyah+ to perform Cmra and frequent recital of the Tal"iyah thereafter. Tawaf ul Cmra of the Ba"ah followed "y two rakah salat us sunnah and partakin of the waters of ;am';am. .erformance of &ai. Halq or Taqseer! followed "y chan in into street clothes.
This will complete your Cmra. &ee also the 7low :ia ram 7or Cmra at the "ack of this hand"ook.
,., "a## ,.,.1 General Hajj consists of the performance of a set of devotional rites in and around Makkah *i.e.! in Mina! Arafat! and Mu-dalifah+ in a prescri"ed order. The rites of Cmra form an inte ral part of Hajj. They have already "een descri"ed a"ove. ,.,.2 '1pes O "a## There are three different types of Hajj a pil rim may perform. All of them involve the performance of essentially the same rites and acts of worship. The difference consists "asically in the niyyah pronounced "y the pil rim at Meeqat. The specifics of the Hajj then follow directly from this niyyah. The three types of Hajj are descri"ed "elow$ ,.,.20.2 "a## ul . ra/ .n "a## ul . ra/6 1ou 3%ll pronoun*e the %ntent%on o per or!%n) onl1 "a## at Mee$at. The rites that follow from this niyyah are iven "elow in order$
a% Tawaf ul Nudoom! followed "y two rakah of salat us sunnah! partakin of the waters !% c% d% e%
f%
of ;am';am! and the &ai in that order. After step *a+ a"ove! 1ou 3%ll not ta-e o 1our .hra!6an/ 3%ll *ont%nue to o7ser(e all o %ts o7l%)at%ons an/ proh%7%t%ons. (ou will then complete the rites of Hajj on the Mth throu h the 23th of ;ul Hijjah in Mina! Arafat!and Mu-dalifah. &ee &ection 4.O. These rites will culminate in ,ummy of 5amrat ul Bu"ra in Mina on the 23th of ;ul Hijjah. A sacrifice is not o"li atory for Hajj ul Ifrad. It is! however! recommended *i.e.! mustaha"+ that you do offer a sacrifice. Halq or Taqseer will follow. (ou may then shave! shower! and chan e into street clothes. (ou are no lon er "ound "y the prohi"itions of the Hajj! e%cept that you may not en a e in conju al relations with your spouse until you have performed Tawaf ul Ifadah. Tawaf ul Ifadah will follow in Makkah as soon after step *e+ as possi"le. The sunnah prayers and the &ai associated with Tawaf ul Nudoom! are not required after Tawaf ul Ifadah. The &ai performed after Tawaf ul Nudoom will suffice since you are
g% h%
performin only Hajj. (ou may! however! perform &ai once a ain if you so desire. (ou will return to Mina after the a"ove rites. (ou will stay in Mina until at least the 29th of ;ul Hijjah as ,ummy on the 2Jth is optional. ,ummy of 5amrat ul <ola! 5amrat ul Wusta! and 5amrat ul Bu"ra! in that order! will follow on the 22th! 29th! and 2Jth of ;ul Hijjah. (ou will perform Tawaf ul Wuda just "efore departin from Makkah on your way to your ne%t destination. A ain! the two rakah of salat us sunnah and the &ai are not required after Tawaf ul Wuda. The sunnah of ,asool Allah *p"uh+ directs that you leave Haram ash &hareef and Makkah as soon after Tawaf ul Wuda as possi"le and do not lin er in town.
You ha(e *o!plete/ "a## ul . ra/ an/ are6 no36 a Mu r%/. ,.,.20..2 "a## ul A%ran For "a## ul A%ran6 1ou 3%ll pronoun*e 1our n%11ah o per or!%n) 7oth "a## an/ U!ra s%!ultaneousl1 3%th the sa!e .hra!. Thereafter! the rites to "e performed are as "elow in order$
a% Tawaf ul Nudoom followed "y two rakah of salat us sunnah! partakin of the waters of
;am';am! and the &ai. These rites will qualify as your Cmra.
!% (ou will not take off your Ihram after step *a+ and will continue to o"serve all of its c% d%
o"li ations. (ou will then fulfill the rites of Hajj on the Mth throu h the 23th of ;ul Hijjah in Mina as detailed under Hajj ul Ifrad. A sacrifice is required for Hajj ul Niran. In the days of ,asool Allah *p"uh+! people who "rou ht their sacrificial animals to Makkah with them were instructed to perform Hajj ul Niran. Those! who did not "rin their animals! were instructed to perform Hajj ut Tamattu. &acrificial animals are availa"le in Mina these days. (our a ent will help you arran e for one. Halq or Taqseer! Tawaf ul Ifadah! ,ummy on the 22th throu h the 2Jth of ;ul Hijjah and Tawaf ul Wuda will follow! e%actly as in Hajj ul Ifrad.
e%
You ha(e *o!plete/ "a## ul A%ran an/ are6 no36 a Aar%n. ,.,.20...2 "a## ut 'a!attu For "a## ut 'a!attu6 1ou 3%ll pronoun*e 1our n%11ah o per or!%n) U!ra onl1 at Mee$at. A second niyyah for Hajj will follow later as descri"ed "elow. Thereafter! the rites of Hajj will "e as follows in order$
a% Tawaf ul Nudoom followed "y two rakah of salat us sunnah! partakin of the waters of !%
;am';am! and &ai. Halq or Taqseer will follow. (ou will now shave! shower! and chan e into street clothes. This will complete your Cmra. All restrictions of the Ihram are now temporarily lifted from you. (ou will wait for the Mth of ;ul Hijjah to start the rites of Hajj. On the @th Cul "%##ah6 1ou 3%ll pronoun*e a ne3 n%11ah to per or! "a## at 1our pla*e o res%/en*e. There is no need for you to o to Meeqat for this. (ou will chan e into Ihram in the prescri"ed manner and will proceed to Mina soon after the 7ajr prayers. (ou will stay in Mina! Arafat! and Mu-dalifah to perform the prescri"ed rites as detailed in Hajj ul Ifrad. A sacrifice is required for Hajj ut Tamattu.
c%
d% e%
f% Halq or Taqseer! Tawaf ul Ifadah with the sunnah prayers! partakin of the waters of g%
;am';am! and a second &ai will follow. This &ai is required simply "ecause your first &ai was performed for Cmra. ,ummy on the 22th throu h the 2Jth of ;ul Hijjah and Tawaf ul Wuda will complete the rites of Hajj.
You ha(e *o!plete/ "a## ut 'a!attu an/ are6 no36 a Muta!att%. ,.9 M%na6 Ara at6 An/ MuB/al% ah 0@thE13th o Cul "%##ah2 The rites to "e performed at Mina! Arafat! and Mu-dalifah are an inte ral part of Hajj. &ince they are performed in all three types of Hajj in an identical manner and since they require a somewhat len thy description! they are presented in a separate section here. This keeps the treatment of Hajj short! concise! and free of repetitions. (ou will "e stayin at Mina! Arafat! and Mu-dalifah in the followin sequence$
1% M%na? 7rom after 7ajr on Mth of ;ul Hijjah to after 7ajr on =th of ;ul Hijjah. 2% Ara at? 7rom after 7ajr on =th of ;ul Hijjah to sli htly after sunset on the same day. 3% MuB/al% ah? 7rom after sunset on =th of ;ul Hijjah to after 7ajr on 23th of ;ul
Hijjah.
2% M%na an/ Ma--ah? *23th'2Jth of ;ul Hijjah+ a% Arrive in Mina on 23th of ;ul Hijjah! prefera"ly "efore midday! for the ,ummy of
5amrat ul Bu"ra followed "y the sacrifice and Halq or Taqseer.
!% 6o to Makkah for Tawaf ul Ifadah on 23th of ;ul Hijjah. c% )ome "ack to Mina the same day to stay for ,ummy of the three 5amraat on 22th'2Jth
of ;ul Hijjah. The details are as "elow$ ,.9.1 M%na 0@th o Cul "%##ah2 This day is called (aum ut Tarwiyah. (ou will depart for Mina from Makkah in the mornin after 7ajr. <ne of the followin two conditions applies to you$
1% If you are performin Hajj ul Ifrad or Hajj ul Niran! you are already in a state of
Ihram since you did not take off your Ihram after performin Cmra.
2% If you are performin Hajj ut Tamattu! you took off your Ihram after Cmra.
Therefore! you will now shower and pronounce a new niyyah for Hajj after chan in into Ihram afresh at your place of residence. )ontrary to popular "elief! it is not necessary to perform &ai after puttin on the Ihram for Hajj. (ou will offer the 7ajr prayers in Makkah "efore leavin for Mina$ .roceed to Mina after sunrise so as to arrive there "efore midday. ,ecite the Tal"iyah often and with devotion and fervor durin your journey. After you settle down in your tents! you will offer ;uhr! Asr! Ma hri"! and Isha prayers in the 0qasr0 mode "y shortenin them as if you are in the course of a journey. This applies to every one re ardless of whether he is a resident of Makkah or is an outsider. While in your tent! spend as much time as you can in prayers! and supplications to Allah. After spendin the ni ht in Mina! you will offer the 7ajr prayers there in the mornin . Thus! you will have offered a total of five o"li atory prayers at Mina "efore departin for Arafat after sunrise on the mornin of the =th of ;ul Hijjah.
3% 2%
3%
4% (ou may collect some or all of the seventy pe""les required later for ,ummy in Mina
durin your stay there. )ontrary to popular "elief! it is not necessary that you collect all of them at Mu-dalifah. ,.9.2 Ara at6 an/ MuB/al% a 0Hth o Cul "%##ah2 0.2 Ara at? (ou will have arrived at Arafat "efore midday. 'h%s %s the +a1 o Ara at; Your "a## 3%ll not 7e *o!plete 3%thout Aa1a! ul Ara at 0see 7elo32 %n a**or/an*e 3%th the sunnah o Rasool Allah 0p7uh2. (ou should spend as much time in prayers and remem"rance of Allah as possi"le. (ou may never see this day a ain in your life. Make the most of it$ After settlin down in your tent! you will offer the ;uhr and Asr prayers in the qasr mode. (ou will also com"ine them! i.e. offer them at the same time with one a-an and two separate tak"eer! one each for ;uhr and Asr. <nly two rakahs each will "e offered "oth in ;uhr and Asr prayers. Do nafl! or any other prayers! will "e performed either "efore or after these o"li atory prayers. (ou will thereafter stay in Arafat until sunset. &pend your time in readin Tal"iyah! and offerin supplications to Allah. The Nuran!
Aa1a! ul Ara at ? In the late afternoon just "efore sunset! stand in the open outside your tent facin the Ni"lah and raise your hands in supplication to Allah. ,asool Allah *p"uh+ spent this time in su"mittin himself in humility and total devotion to Allah! raisin his hands in prayers until after sunset. There are no prescri"ed prayers for Nayam ul Arafat. :urin these sacred moments! you are alone with Allah. .ray as you want to and ask that your sins and lifelon shortcomin s "e for iven. (ou may pray in any lan ua e and in any manner you desire. You 3%ll not o er Ma)hr%7 at Ara at. (ou will do so at Mu-dalifah later toni ht. After sunset! you will depart for Mu-dalifah. Beep recitin the Tal"iyah and other prayers as you proceed towards Mu-dalifah. 0..2 MuB/al% ah? (ou will stay under the sky at Mu-dalifah. Do tents or other residential facilities will "e availa"le. Arran ements for toilet and wudu are! however! availa"le. They are! understanda"ly! very crowded all the time. 6ive yourself plenty of time for your needs and "e patient with fellow pil rims. (ou will also collect seventy pe""les at Mu-dalifah for ,ummy if you have not collected them at Mina already. &tay close to your "us and memori-e its location with respect to a prominent and permanent landmark!such as a li ht pole or a wudu facility. Ei ht poles and "uildin s are usually marked with identification num"ers. It is very easy to et lost and equally difficult to et "ack 0home01 (ou will offer Ma hri" and Isha prayers com"inin them in the qasr mode. Thus! after the a-an! three rakahs of Ma hri" will "e offered followin the usual 0iqamah0. Another iqamah *"ut no a-an+ will "e called and then two rakahs of Isha will "e offered. Walk to the foot of the near"y hills! and collect seventy pea'si-e pe""les for ,ummy. It is a ood idea to collect an additional ten stones to make up for accidental losses. :o not collect the pe""les lyin around the "athroom facilities.
(ou will spend the ni ht at Mu-dalifah and offer 7ajr there. (ou will then leave for Mina "efore sunrise on the mornin of the 23th of ;ul Hijjah. ,.9.3 M%na 01Jth o Cul "%##ah2 The rites to "e performed on this day are as follows$ (ou will perform Ru!!1 o 8a!rat ul Ku7ra onl1. .refera"ly "efore midday! you will stone the pillar sym"oli-in the devil seven times as you recite 0/ismillah! Allah'o'Ak"ar0 with each pe""le. !ummy for the elderly, the sick and women may be performed by others delegated for this responsibility. A sacrifice is now required for Hajj ul Niran and Hajj ut Tamattu! and is recommended for Hajj ul Ifrad. (ou may now shave! shower! and chan e into street clothes. (ou are no lon er "ound "y the o"li ations of Ihram e%cept that you may not have conju al relations with your spouse until after Tawaf ul Ifadah. (ou will now proceed to Masjid ul Haram in Makkah for Tawaf ul Ifadah. (ou will return to Mina after Tawaf ul Ifadah and stay there until the 29th or the 2Jth of ;ul Hijjah for ,ummy. ,.9.& M%na 011thE13th o Cul "%##ah2 (ou will perform Ru!!1 o 8a!rat ul Oola6 8a!rat ul Wusta an/ 8a!rat ul Ku7ra6 %n that or/er6 after midday on all three days. ,ummy on the 2Jth of ;ul Hijjah is optional. (ou may return to Makkah after ,ummy on the 29th of ;ul Hijjah to perform Tawaf ul Wuda. ,.< 'a3a ul Wu/a This is the 7arewell Tawaf you will perform just "efore leavin Makkah for your ne%t destination. &pend as much time as you can in Haram ash &hareef in Tawaf un Dafl! prayers and supplications in the days precedin Tawaf ul Wuda. Make the most of this olden opportunity Allah has provided you. (ou may never see these times a ain. There is no Ihram! ,amal! or &ai required in Tawaf ul Wuda. (ou will offer two rakah salat us sunnah after Tawaf! offer any supplications you desire! and leave Makkah as soon as you can. Alha!/ul%llah6 1ou ha(e no3 *o!plete/ 1our "a##. Ma1 Allah a**ept 1our "a##6 an/ !a1 1ou 7e a 7etter person or 1our e orts %n "%s path. FGHI
Chapter 9
Pra1ers An/ 4uppl%*at%ons

Hajj is an act of worship. It is also one of the 7ive .illars of Islam. The fact that a Muslim is required to perform Hajj only once in his lifetime imparts certain unique qualities to it. :urin the few days that Hajj lasts! the pil rim is required to immerse himself totally in this unique e%perience. He discards his usual clothes and chan es into a shroud'like attire! ives up all pleasures and temptations of everyday life and! alon with millions of similar minded and attired Muslims from all over the world! devotes every wakin minute to the remem"rance of Allah. He lives in tents and under the sky! is su"ject to physical hardship and emotional stress! and sacrifices of himself and whatever he possesses'all in the path of Allah. He e%pects that his sins will "e for iven! and "elieves that he will "e transformed "y this reat e%perience into a "etter human "ein . This spiritual and reli ious event in Islam has a"solutely no parallel in human history.
Hajj is also unique in that it has no prescri"ed prayers and supplications. The pil rim may pray in a fashion and lan ua e of his choosin . /ooks on Hajj! however! do recommend some prayers! many of which have their ori in in "ooks of Ahadith. The reader is advised to consult these "ooks if he so desires. The intent of this chapter is to present a few of the prayers commonly recited "y the pil rims durin Hajj. The seven prayers of Tawaf are specially recommended. 0a2 'al7%1ah
0 Here I am at Thy service < Eord! here I am. Here I am at Thy service! and Thou hast no partners. Thine alone is All .raise and All /ounty! and Thine alone is The &overei nty. Thou hast no partners. 0 072 Pra1er At Ma$a!EoE.7rah%!
< Allah1 Thou knowest that which I keep secret and that which I disclose. 6rant me Thy pardon. Thou knowest my needsH rant me my wishes. Thou knowest that which is in my "reastH for ive me my sins. < Allah1 I seek from Thee a faith that will saturate my heart! and a true conviction that will make me reali-e that nau ht can "efall me e%cept what Thou hast decreed for me! and that I may find contentment in whatever Thou hast iven me. Thou art my patron in this world and the Hereafter. Allow me to die in a state of Islam and to "e counted amon the ri hteous. < Allah1 on this occasion of our presence in this place! let not any of our sins o unfor iven! nor any of our worries undispelled! nor any of our needs unfulfilled or unfacilitated "y Thee. And let all our tasks "e made easy! and our minds relieved! and our hearts illuminated and our actions jud ed as pious. < Allah1 allow us to die as Muslims and to join the ranks of the virtuous without any distress. Amen! < Eord of the Cniverse. 0*2 Pra1er at MultaBa!
< Allah1 Eord of this Ancient House! free our necks and the necks of our fathers and mothers and "rothers and children from the fires of Hell. < Thou who art Master of /eneficence! /eni nity! 6race! /ounty! Munificence and /enevolence1 < Allah1 let the final result of all our affairs "e ood! and protect us from de radation in this world and eternal doom in the Hereafter. < Allah1 truly I am Thy slave and the son of Thy slave! standin "eneath Thy door and holdin to Thy threshold in humility "efore Thee. I hope for Thy Mercy and I fear Thy punishment in Hell. < The #ternally /eneficent1 < Allah1 I ask Thee to accept my remem"rance of Thee! and relieve me of my "urdens! and set ri ht my affairs! and purify my heart! and illuminate my rave for me and for ive me my sins. And I "eseech of Thee hi h ranks in .aradise. Amen.
0/2 Pra1ers o 'a3a The prayers usually recited durin Tawaf of the Ba"ah are iven "elow$ 0%2 F%rst 4ha3t 0%.e.6 C%r*u%t2
All 6lory is to Allah1 All .raise is to Allah1 There is none worthy of worship "ut Allah1 Allah is the 6reatest. There is no power! nor stren th e%cept that from Allah! The Most Hi h! The 6reatest1 /lessin s and .eace "e upon the .rophet of Allah! Muhammad *p"uh+. < Allah1 /y my faith in Thee! and "y my "elief in Thy /ook! and in fulfillment of the vows I made to Thee! and followin the sunnah of Thy "eloved .rophet! Muhammad *p"uh+! *I perform the Tawaf of the Holy Ba"ah+. < Allah1 truly I ask Thy for iveness! and Thy protection! and everlastin soundness in faith in this world and in the Hereafter ! and that I "e ranted .aradise and "e freed from the fires of Hell. <ur Eord1 6rant us ood in this world and ood in the Hereafter! and save us from the chastisement of fire! and allow us to enter .aradise with the ri hteous ones. < 6lorious <ne1 < All 7or ivin 1 < Eord of the Cniverse1 0112 4e*on/ 4ha3t 0%.e.6 C%r*u%t2
< Allah1 This House is Thy House! and this &anctuary is Thy &anctuary! and this &ecurity is Thy &ecurity! and this slave is Thy slave. I am Thy slave and the son of Thy slave. And this place is a refu e from the fires of Hell for him who seeks Thy protection. 7or"id our flesh and our "odies to the 7ire. < Allah1 #ndear to us the 7aith! and adorn with it our hearts! and make hateful to us dis"elief! wickedness and trans ression! and cause us to "e amon those who are ri htly uided. < Allah1 .rotect me from Thy punishment on the :ay when thou shalt resurrect Thy slaves. < Allah1 Allow me to enter .aradise without any accountin . <ur Eord1 6rant us ood in this world and ood in the Hereafter! and save us from the chastisement of fire! and allow us to enter .aradise with the ri hteous ones. < 6lorious <ne1 < All 7or ivin 1 < Eord of the Cniverse1 0%%%2 'h%r/ 4ha3t 0%.e.6 C%r*u%t2
< Allah1 Truly! I seek refu e in Thee from dou"t and from associatin with Thee others *in worship+! and from discord! hypocrisy! and immorality! and from returnin home to see my family and my children in an evil state of affairs. < Allah1 Truly I ask Thee for Thy pleasure and that I "e allowed to enter .aradise. And I take refu e in Thee from Thy an er and from the fire of Hell. < Allah1 I seek refu e in Thee from fallin from your race in my rave and from the temptations in this life and trials at the time of death. <ur Eord1 6rant us ood in this world and ood in the Hereafter! and save us from the chastisement of fire! and allow us to enter .aradise with the ri hteous ones. < 6lorious <ne1 < All 7or ivin 1 < Eord of the Cniverse1 0%(2 Fourth 4ha3t 0%.e.6 C%r*u%t2
< Allah1 Allow this pil rima e to "e accepted! and this endeavor to "e rewarded! and my sins to "e for iven ! and my ood deeds to "e approved and cause my "usiness to flourishH < Thou! who knoweth all that is in our hearts1 < Allah1 Take me out of darkness into li ht. < Allah1 I ask thee! that I "e worthy of Thy Mercy! and certain of Thy 7or iveness! and immune to all sins! and "e worthy of rewards for all my virtues! and "e worthy of enterin .aradise and "e immune from Hell. < My lord1 Make me content with what Thou hast "estowed upon me. And let Thy /lessin s "e with what Thou hast iven me. And compensate all that I lack with Thy own favor. <ur Eord1 6rant us ood in this world and ood in the Hereafter! and save us from the chastisement of fire! and allow us to enter .aradise with the ri hteous ones. < 6lorious <ne1 < All 7or ivin 1 < Eord of the Cniverse1 0(2 F% th 4ha3t 0%.e.6 C%r*u%t2
< Allah1 /estow upon me the shade of Thy Throne on the :ay when there shall "e no shade e%cept Thine! and there shall "e no countenance e%cept Thine. And allow me a drink from the cistern of Thy .rophet! Muhammad *p"uh+' a drink so pleasant that it may quench my thirst for ever. < Allah1 I ask Thee the "est of that which Thy .rophet! our Master Muhammad *p"uh+ has asked of Thee. And I seek refu e in Thee from the evils from which Thy .rophet! our Master! Muhammad *p"uh+ has sou ht refu e in Thee. < Allah1 Truly I "eseech Thee to rant me .aradise and its deli hts and whatever may "rin me nearer to it whether "y word! or "y act! or "y deed. And I seek refu e in Thee from the fires of Hell and whatever may "rin me nearer to it whether "y word! or "y act or "y deed. <ur Eord1 6rant us ood in this world and ood in the Hereafter! and save us from the chastisement of fire! and allow us to enter .aradise with the ri hteous ones. < 6lorious <ne1 < All 7or ivin 1 < Eord of the Cniverse1 0(%2 4%:th 4ha3t 0%.e.6 C%r*u%t2
< Allah1 Thou hast many claims on me in my relations to Thee! and many claims in my relations to Thy creatures. < Allah1 release me of those which I owe to Thee! and ive me the stren th to "ear those which I owe to Thy creatures. Make me content with what Thou hast made lawful and ena"le me to reject what Thou hast declared for"idden. And make me content with o"edience to Thee! and let me "eware of Thy diso"edience. And make me content with Thy favor so that I may not seek favor from any one else! < Thou! whose Mercy is All #m"racin . < Allah1 Truly Thy house is 6lorious and Thy )ountenance /eni n! and Thou! < Allah1 art )lement! Do"le and 6reat. Thou lovest for iveness! so for ive me. <ur Eord1 6rant us ood in this world and ood in the Hereafter! and save us from the chastisement of fire! and allow us to enter .aradise with the ri hteous ones. < 6lorious <ne1 < All 7or ivin 1 < Eord of the Cniverse1 0(%%2 4e(enth 4ha3t 0%.e.6 C%r*u%t2
< Allah1 I seek from Thee a faith that is perfect! a conviction that is true! a heart that is full of devotion towards Thee! and a ton ue that is forever en a ed in Thy remem"ranceH and provisions that are vast! lawful and clean! and a repentance that is sincereH a repentance "efore death! peace at the time of death and Thy /eni n 7or iveness and Mercy after death! and Thy .ardon at the time of reckonin ! and the reward of .aradise and a reprieve from the fires of Hell. Accept my prayers < The Mi hty <ne1 < The 7or iver1 < My Eord1 Increase me in my knowled e and may I "e counted amon the ri hteous. <ur Eord1 6rant us ood in this world and ood in the Hereafter! and save us from the chastisement of fire! and allow us to enter .aradise with the ri hteous ones. < 6lorious <ne1 < All 7or ivin 1 < Eord of the Cniverse1
7lo1 D'a0ra) !or U)ra
7lo1 D'a0ra) !or Ha**

A Handbook of Umra and Haj

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A Handbook of Umra and Haj

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Umra/Hajj Guide page 1 of 38

A Handbook of Umra & Hajj

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HOW TO USE THIS HANDBOOK

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BEFORE YOU LEAVE

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a% Ask your doctor to prescri"e a "road'spectrum anti"iotic to "e taken prophylactically

1% Wa%st Pou*h 0Fann1 Pou*h2

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When You Get 'o 4au/% Ara7%a

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a% The 5eddah'Makkah journey *a distance of merely fifty miles+ may take ei ht to !%

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UMRA A>+ "A88

,.2.2 +eta%ls O 'a3a

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,.& U!ra ,.&.1 General

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Pra1ers An/ 4uppl%*at%ons

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7lo1 D'a0ra) !or U)ra

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7lo1 D'a0ra) !or Ha**

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1% Wa%st Pouh 0Fann1 Pouh2