International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 3, Issue 1, January February 2014 ISSN 2278-6856

Pollution Information Retrieval System for Anand District Area through ArcGIS Map
Dr. Mijal Mistry1, Pritesh Patel2
1,2

Institute of Science and Technology for Advanced Studies and Research (ISTAR), Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India

Abstract: Now a day geographic information system (GIS)

integrates becomes very popular and several organizations and researchers use it for various purposes. It provides handy option to visualize the objects in form of map with real time data and real time view. GIS can be used to plot information in form of objects like point, circle, text and so on. Pollution zone, water zone, mountains can be easily mapped using GIS. This paper attempts to display the areas where pollutions are high as well as low using points. World is facing major issue of pollution and some countries restricted few zones as pollution free. Real time co-ordinates are used for presenting the information. The advantage of the proposed work is one can view the high, medium, low pollution zones and take necessary steps to tackle the issues.

Keywords: GIS, Data, Mapping, ArcGIS, Information System, Real Time, Pollution.

Approach a new way of thinking and problem solving that integrates geographic information into how we understand and manage our data. This approach allows us to create geographic knowledge by measuring the earth, organizing this data, and analyzing and modeling various processes and their relationships. The Geographic Approach also allows us to apply this knowledge to the way we design, plan, and change our world. [7] It involves following steps. Ask Acquire Examine Analyze Act Below figure 1 shows the approach taken for geographic.

1. INTRODUCTION
A Geographic Information System (GIS) integrates hardware, software and data for capturing, managing, analyzing and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information. [1] GIS allows viewing, understanding, question, interpreting, and visualizing data in many ways with its relationships, patterns, and trends in the form of maps, globes, reports and charts. [1] A GIS helps you to answer questions and solve problems by looking at your data in a way that is quickly understood and easily shared. [1] GIS technology can be integrated into any enterprise information system framework. [1] A GIS can be thought of as a system it digitally makes and "manipulates" spatial areas that may be jurisdictional, purpose, or application-oriented. [h] In a general sense, the term describes any information system that integrates, stores, edits, analyzes, shares, and displays geographic information for informing decision making. GIS applications are tools that allow users to create interactive queries (user-created searches), analyze spatial information, edit data in maps, and present the results of all these operations.[9][10] Geographic information science is the science underlying geographic concepts, applications, and systems.[11]

Figure 1 Approach for Geographic

3. REPRESENTATION OF DATA
GIS data represents real objects (such as roads, land use, elevation, trees, waterways, etc.) with digital data. Real objects can be divided into two abstractions: discrete objects (e.g., a house) and continuous fields (such as rainfall amount, or elevations). [8] Traditionally, there are two broad methods used to store data in a GIS for both kinds of abstractions mapping references: raster images and vector. Points, lines, and polygons are the stuff of mapped location attribute references. A new hybrid method of storing data is that of identifying point clouds, which combine three-dimensional points with RGB information at each point, returning a "3D color image". [8] Many disciplines can benefit from GIS technology. An active GIS market has resulted in lower costs and continual improvements in the hardware and software components of GIS. These developments will, in turn, result in a much wider use of the technology throughout science, government, business, and industry, with applications including real estate, public health, crime Page 63

2. GEOGRAPHIC APPROACH
Geography is the science of our world. Coupled with GIS, geography is helping us to better understand the earth and apply geographic knowledge to a host of human activities. The outcome is the emergence of The Geographic Volume 3, Issue 1 January February 2014

International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 3, Issue 1, January February 2014 ISSN 2278-6856
mapping, national defense, sustainable development, natural resources, landscape architecture, archaeology, regional and community planning, transportation and logistics. [8] GIS is also diverging into location-based services, which allows GPS-enabled mobile devices to display their location in relation to fixed assets (nearest restaurant, gas station, fire hydrant), mobile assets (friends, children, police car) or to relay their position back to a central server for display or other processing. These services continue to develop with the increased integration of GPS functionality with increasingly powerful mobile electronics (cell phones, PDAs, laptops) [8] [12].

Figure 2 Street Map To point to particular location latitude and longitude will be set. The other map which shows Topo layout provides the points where pollution was recorded. Below figure 3 shows the points plotted into the map.

4. DEVELOPED SYSTEM
For keeping all above mentioned information into mind, we developed a system which plots the points where there is pollution. For this system, pollution is categorized as High Pollution, Medium Pollution and Low Pollution. A survey has been conducted in v.v.nagar city and nearby few cities and locations at different times and samples is collected. We have taken help of environment science department, ISTAR College. Air samples are collected and processed at the lab for finding out the air pollution. The sample location, sample details, timing are noted into the system along with latitude and longitude. The system takes the samples and suggests the best time to visit the area of a city where pollution is low based on the information collected on that area. Now a day, people are also using maps for finding information, location route and so on. The developed system also plots the points into the surveyed site and based on the pollution category it is displaying the different color. It also shows legend for pollution category so user can get idea about it. A user interface is designed to entering the surveyed information and analysis information. A user interface also contains map which plots the points. Reporting facility is available for collecting information and its results. For plotting the points into map esri Arc Gis map is used. Pollution is identified based on criteria. These pollutants can injure health, harm the environment and cause property damage. For this research below mentioned criteria are used for measuring the pollution at various locations: Carbon Monoxide (CO) Lead (Pb) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Ozone (O3) There are various forms of maps like Street Map, Topo map, Satellite view etc. In this paper both Topo and Street map are used. Figure 2 shows the street map of the area where research was conducted.

Figure 3 Points Plotted on Map Each points shows its details when it is clicked. It shows the values for each criterion. It is showing round figure for each value for simplicity. Below figure 4 shows it. Zooming facility for map is also provided.

Figure 4 Pollution Information on Point

5. BENEFITS OF GIS
Cost Savings and Increased Efficiency - GIS is widely Volume 3, Issue 1 January February 2014 Page 64

International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com Volume 3, Issue 1, January February 2014 ISSN 2278-6856
used to optimize maintenance schedules and daily fleet movements. Typical implementations can result in a savings of 10 to 30 percent in operational expenses through reduction in fuel use and staff time, improved customer service, and more efficient scheduling. [2] Better Decision Making - GIS is the go-to technology for making better decisions about location. Common examples include real estate site selection, route/corridor selection, evacuation planning, conservation, natural resource extraction, etc. Making correct decisions about location is critical to the success of an organization. [3] Improved Communication GIS-based maps and visualizations greatly assist in understanding situations and in storytelling. They are a type of language that improves communication between different teams, departments, disciplines, professional fields, organizations, and the public. [4] Better Recordkeeping Many organizations have a primary responsibility of maintaining authoritative records about the status and change of geography. GIS provides a strong framework for managing these types of records with full transaction support and reporting tools. [5] Managing Geographically GIS is becoming essential to understanding what is happeningand what will happenin geographic space. Once we understand, we can prescribe action. This new approach to management managing geographically is transforming the way that organizations operate. [6] [3] http://www.esri.com/what-is-gis/ better-decision retrieved on 14 Dec 2013 [4] http://www.esri.com/what-is-gis/ improved-comm retrieved on 14 Dec 2013 [5] http://www.esri.com/what-is-gis/better-record keeping retrieved on 15 Dec 2013 [6] http://www.esri.com/what-is-gis/ managing-geo retrieved on 15 Dec 2013 [7] http://www.esri.com/what-is-gis/overview# geographic_panel retrieved on 14 Dec 2013 [8] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_information _system [9] Clarke, K. C., 1986. Advances in geographic information systems, computers, environment and urban systems, Vol. 10, pp. 175184. [10] Maliene V, Grigonis V, Paleviius V, Griffiths S (2011). "Geographic information system: Old principles with new capabilities". Urban Design International 16 (1). pp. 16. doi:10.1057/udi.2010.25. [11] Goodchild, Michael F (2010). "Twenty years of progress: GIScience in 2010". Journal of Spatial Information Science. doi:10.5311/JOSIS.2010.1.2. [12] Mobile GIS & LBS http://www.webmapsolutions.com/mobile-arc gis paper-gps-data-collection retrieved on 16 Dec 2013

AUTHOR Dr. Mijal Mistry received his Ph.D degrees in Computer Scicenc from Sardar Patel University in 2013. He is currently working as an Assistant Professor with the Department of Computer Science, Institute of Science and Technology for Advanced Studies and Research, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat Technological University, Gujarat, India. His research interests are mainly focused on Mobile, Web Technology, Arc GIS, MultiAgent. Pritesh Patel received his Master degree in Computer Application from Sardar Patel University in 2008. He is currently working as an Assistant Professor with the Department of Computer Science, Institute of Science and Technology for Advanced Studies and Research, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat Technological University, Gujarat, India. His research interests are mainly focused on Mobile and Web Technology.

6. FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
In future, the system will provide facility for dynamically inserting, modifying and deleting the values wherever the user is moving. It provides dynamic location service to the user. It also provides real time information regarding weather based on the selected location.

7. CONCLUSION
The system provides the facility for collecting and analyzing the pollution information. The points are plotted with the help of Arc GIS map. Overall it is very useful for finding out the pollution area of our city and shows it on map with live coordinates. This system can also be used to provide suggestions for best time to visit the area and what kind of precautions should be taken to minimize the pollution.

References
[1] http://www.esri.com/what-is-gis/overview# overview_panel retrieved on 5 Dec 2013 [2] http://www.esri.com/what-is-gis/cost-savings retrieved on 15 Dec 2013

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