C-Language

CS 535 Introduction to Scientific Computing Theory : 3rd Lecture

History
A brief mention:
Computer Language :
Low level : Machine language Middle level : Assembly language
High Level : C, Java, Fortran, so many

So C is a high level language Designed by

Every language has a set of symbols

Cs Character Set

Cs Character Set

Every language has a set of symbols Symbols are only for creating words

Cs Words : Identifiers

Cs Words : Identifiers

Cs Words : Identifiers

Every language has a set of symbols Symbols are only for creating words
Some words are called proper nouns with a distinction of their own

Cs Key words

Cs Key words

My resolution is constant; will not change till the end of this life

Cs Constants

Numeric constants Rules

Integer Numeric constants Rules

Decimal Integer constants Rules

Octal Integer constants Rules

Hexadecimal Integer constants Rules

Hexadecimal Integer constants Rules

Floating Point constants Rules

Floating Point constants Rules

Character constants Rules

Character constants Rules

String constants Rules

characters that are embedded within the string

Symbolic constants Rules

corresponding character sequence

Symbolic constants Rules

The price is variable quantity, so it may change its values in the market

Variables

Escape Sequence

Escape Sequence

null

\0

000

Data Types

Data Types

Variable Declaration

Examples Variable Declaration

Examples Variable Declaration

declaration

Initializing Variable

Initializing Variable

initially assigned the character *

Type Conversion

Examples : Type Conversion

Examples : Type Conversion

Examples : Type Conversion

Examples : Type Conversion

Examples : Type Conversion

Examples : Type Conversion

Operators

Types of Operators

Arithmetic Operators

Modulus operator

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic Operators : Examples

expression

Arithmetic Operators : Examples

Arithmetic Operators : Examples

Arithmetic Operators : Conversion

Arithmetic Operators : Conversion

Arithmetic Operators : Conversion

Arithmetic Operators : Conversion

Type Conversion summary

Higher long double double float unsigned long long long long

unsigned long
long unsigned int int unsigned short short unsigned char

char

Lower

Unary Operators

Unary Operators

Unary Operators

Unary Operator : Example

Unary Operator : Example

Unary Operator : Example

Unary Operator : Example

Relational & Logical Operators

Relational & Logical Operators

Relational & Logical Operators

Relational & Logical Operators

Relational & Logical Operators

Relational & Logical Operators

Relational & Logical Operators

Relational & Logical Operators

Relational & Logical Operators

Relational & Logical Operators

Assignment Operators

Assignment Operators

Assignment Operators

Assignment Operators

Assignment Operators

value of the conditional expression

Assignment Operators

Assignment Operators

Other assignment operators: C also has five additional assignment operators: +=, -+, *=, /=, and %= To see how they work, consider the first operator +=. The assignment expression :

Expression 1 += Expression-2
is equivalent to : Expression 1 = Expression 1 + Expression 2

Bitwise Operators

Left Shift Operator

Right Shift Operator

Special Operators

Associativity & Precedence

Associativity & Precedence

Associativity & Precedence

Practice Problems

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

have been entered successfully.

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

conversion character

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Input and Output

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

statement will be ignored

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Control Structures

Repetition Statement : for

For Loop:
for (initialisation; repetition_condition ; update) { Statement1; ... ... StatementN; } Execution Details: (1) it executes the initialisation statement. (2) it checks to see if repetition_condition is true. If it isn't, it finishes with the "for loop" completely. But if it is, it executes each of the statements Statement1 ... StatementN in turn, and then executes the expression update. (3) After this, it goes back to the beginning of step (2) again.

Repetition Statement : for loop

Repetition Statement : while loop

Repetition Statement :do-while loop

do-while loop:
do{ statement 1; statement 2; .. statement n; }while(condition); Execution Details:
Same as while loop. Only difference is that condition is checked at the end. So the set of statements must be executed at least once.

Practice Problems