A Brief Introduction to the Power System

Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) for Power System

Analysis Undergraduate Courses
ederico !ilano
federico"milano#ucd"ie
Summary
$
Introduction to the PSAT
$
Internet community
$
Installation
$
Executing the PSAT GUI Mode
$
Case study and data preparation
$
Ho to set up a test system !or
poer !lo analysis
$
Settings and poer !lo solution
$
"ieing and analy#ing results
$
$uestions%
Introducton
$
&hat is the PSAT%
%
Is an open source power system anayss toobox for
Matab and GNU/Octave deveoped by Dr. Federco Mano.
$
&hat is it used !or%
%
It can be used for power system anayss and contro
earnng, educaton and research.
$
&hat is this presentation a'out%
%
Is about how to use PSAT from scratch to do smpe power
ow anayss.
$
&hat ill you learn !rom this presentation%
% Ths presentaton does not ntend to gve you nether a
compete nor sod understandng of the PSAT program.
%
It serves as a smpe ntroducton to get you "up and
runnng" wth the program.
Internet Communty
$
The PSAT (orum is an internet community o!
de)elopers* program users and poer system
enthusiasts+
$
More than ,*-.. users around the orld/
$
Part o! the 0pen Source nature an philosophy
o! PSAT1 a spirit o! colla'oration+
$
2ou can get help and as3 4uestions related to
the PSAT and Poer Systems 3noledge+
$
Also* donload the most recent )ersion o!
PSAT* PSAT 5ocumentation* sample data !iles*
etc+
$
Hope to see you there/1
http166tech+groups+yahoo+com6group6psat!orum6
Instaaton
$
2ou ill 'e pro)ided a compressed
tarball ith the most recent
distri'ution o! the PSAT and the
documentation+
$
2ou can alternati)ely donload the PSAT
!rom1
http166!araday7+ucd+ie6psat+html
$
Uncompress the !iles and copy the
8psat9 !older pre!era'ly to the 8or39
directory in the Matla' directory+
$
It is ad)isa'le that you add the 8psat9
directory and its su'directories to the
Matla' Path+
Executng the PSAT n GUI
Mode
$
0nce PSAT
has 'een
installed
type in the
Matla'
Command
&indo1
:: psat
$ A!ter a
splash
indo* the
8Main GUI9
ill appear
in your
screen1
Optons and settngs you w be
usng
View power flow
results, Static
Report icon
Open a
data file
Run power
flow
Program
settings
Launch the
PSAT-
Simulin
model li!rar"
#to set up "our
one-line
diagram$
Case Study and Data
Preparaton
$
Poer !lo example !rom Grainger and
Ste)enson;s 'oo3+
Case Study and Data
Preparaton
$ 2ou should prepare your system data in ta'les !or
easy input into PSAT1 Votage
base 20 kV
System
base 100 kVA
System data
Bus V Pg (kW) Og (kVAr) Pd (kW) Od (kVAr) type
1 1.00? ? 50 30.99sack
2? 0 0 170 105.35PO
3? 0 0 200 123.94PO
4 1.02 318? 80 49.58PV
Lne data
From bus To bus r (pu) x (pu) b (pu)
1 2 0.01008 0.0504 0.1025
1 3 0.00744 0.0342 0.0775
2 4 0.00744 0.0342 0.0775
3 4 0.01272 0.0636 0.1275
Settng up the system n
PSAT
$
To options1 data !iles or one<line
diagrams )ia the Graphical =etor3 Editor
using the PSAT<Simulin3 li'rary
$
Simulin3 is used as a Graphical Editor*
not a simulation environment+
$
A!ter you !inish draing your one<line
diagram* you must sa)e the !ile and load
it to PSAT it )ia the 85ata (ile9 !ield in
the PSAT Main GUI+
$
This ill translate your Simulin3 diagram
to a PSAT reada'le data !ile+
$
&e ill co)er ho to use the G=E* i! you
ant to learn ho set up a data !ile 'y
directly inputting the data* re!er to the
PSAT documentation+
Usng the GNE Power Fow
Components
$
Clic3 on the
Simulin3
icon o! the
PSAT Main
GUI+
$
The Simulin3
model
li'rary ill
appear+
$
2ou only
need to use
to o! the
su'
li'raries+
$
&rag and dro' the com'onents you
need to use in a blan( Simulin( file"
TL from
Abedu to Omo
$
5rag and drop the PI
transmission model to a
'lan3 Simulin3 (ile+
$
5ou'le clic3 on the
component and introduce
all the data+
$
>ine data1
(rom ?us To ?us @ A
26B
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
7 B .+.7..C
.+.-.D. .+.-7B-
EUse per unit )aluesF
Fna One-Dagram
$
Geep adding each o! the
remaining elements o! the
one<line diagram+
$ I! you ha)e dou'ts on
hat to enter !or each
!ield o! any element* you
should !irst re!er to the
manual+
$
I! you don;t ha)e data
!or any speci!ic !ield*
use standard )alues+
$ The !inal result loo3s
similar to the one on the
right+
Remarks on Per Unt Vaues n
PSAT
$ The de!ault poer 'ase is 7.. M"A+ This )alue
can 'e changed in the main PSAT indo+
$ ?uses de!ine the )oltage 'ase in 3"+
$
Per unit )alues o! each de)ice are de!ined
'ased on the poer and )oltage nominal rates o!
the de)ice+
$ ?e!ore running the poer !lo analysis the per
unit )alue o! each de)ices are con)erted to the
system poer 'ase and to the )oltage 'ase o!
the 'us at hich the de)ice is connected+
Very Important Remarks
$
Poer 'ases alays re!er to three<
phase apparent poers and are
expressed in M"A+
$
"oltage 'ases alays re!er to line<to<
line )alues and are expressed in 3"+
$
Impedance and admittance )alues are
alays per phase+
Exampe on Per Unt Vaues n
PSAT (I)
$ >et assume the the system poer 'ase is S' H .+7 M"A+
$ >et de!ine to ?uses ith a nominal )oltage rate "' H
B. 3"+
$ >et connect the to 'uses through a transmission
line+
$ The transmission line has the !olloing data1 poer
rate Sn H .+.- M"A* )oltage rate "n H BB 3" and
resistance r H .+7 pu+
$ &hat is the line resistance used 'y PSAT%
Exampe on Per Unt Vaues n
PSAT (II)
$
The nominal impedance on line nominal
rates is1
$
The system 'ase is1
$
Hence the !inal resistance )alue used in
poer !lo analysis is1
Z
n
=
V
n
%
S
n
=
%%
%
&'
=() *+ A
Z
b
=
V
b
%
S
b
=
%'
%
,''
=-) ' A
r
system
.. r
line
Z
b
Z
n
=') ,
() *+
-) '
=') %-% pu
Hnts to avod Errors
$ Use the same )alue !or the system poer 'ase
and de)ice nominal poer rates+
$ Use the same )alue !or 'us )oltage 'ases and
de)ice nominal )oltage rates+
$ I! the rules a'o)e are satis!ied* then 'ase
con)ersion does not change user input )alues+
$ =ote1 i! Sn H S' H 7 M"A and "n H "' H 7 3" !or
all de)ices* then one can thin3 as poers in
M"A* )oltages in 3"* currents in 3A* and
impedances in 0hms+
/lic on
Load
Load the mode to PSAT
$
Save the
Simulink
model, AFTER
saving the
model LOAD
IT to PSAT
via the
Data File
!ield o! the
"AI# $%I&
Set the t"pe of
"our file
/hoose the file
"ou created
Runnng Power Fow
$
@emem'er to adIust
the settings to
hat you desire
E(re4uency is J.
H# in the USF
$
Clic3 on the
8Poer (lo9 icon+
$
A small indo in
the Main GUI ill
sho you the
iteration process*
you ill 3no hen
the program has
con)erged to a
solution+
Vewng the Power Fow
Resuts
$
Clic3 on
the 8Static
@eport9
icon+
$
The 8Static
@eport GUI9
ill appear
in your
screen+
Voltage #0agnitude$
Profile Plot
Load or 1eneration View
Solution for 2us ,
#A!edul$
Preferences 0enu
Generatng a power ow
report
$ To generate a poer
!lo report* clic3
on the 8@eport9
icon on the 8Static
@eport9 GUI+
$ A text !ile ill
appear in your
screen ith the
solution details+
$ 2ou can also set
your pre!erences*
such as Text "ieer
in the 8Pre!erences
Menu9+
$ 2ou can also chec3
limit )iolations
and include shunts
through the options
'elo the 8@eport9
'utton+
Report
2utton
Power 3low
Report