Table of Contents

1 Part-I 2 Purpose of the Report: 3 4 PART 2:

o o o o o o o

4.1 4.2 1. Garments Industr es of !an"ladesh: 4.3 4.4 2. Contr but on of R#G $e%tor: 4.& 3. !G#'A: 4.( 4.) 4. *at onal Garments +or,ers -ederat on:

4.).1 4.).2 A. A ms and .b/e%t 0es 4.).3 4.).4 !. #a n A%t 0 t es

o o o o

4.1 4.2 &. Industr3-An .0er0 e4: 4.15 4.11 (. Cond t on of Garments +or,ers n !an"ladesh:

4.11.1 4.11.2 (.1 Trade 6n on #o0ement n Garments $e%tor: 4.11.3 4.11.4 (.2 Reasons of the +ea,ness of Trade 6n on #o0ement n !an"ladesh:

4.12 ). #a/or Challen"es -a% n" the R#G $e%tor and ts Impl %at ons:

4.12.1 4.12.2 ).1 Inte"rat on of #-A nto +T.-ATC

4.12.3 ).2 The Global re%ess on 4.12.4 ).3Ch na7s +T. 'ntr3 4.12.& ).4 .bser0an%e of R "hts of +or,ers

4.13 1. The Pos t 0e 8 *e"at 0e trend of "lobal 9at on on R#G se%tor:

4.13.5.5.1 The Terror st str ,e of $eptember-11

4.13.5.1 : In !r ef -:

o o

4.14 4.1& 2. Code of Condu%t:

4.1&.1 2.1 Ch ld :abor: 4.1&.2 4.1&.3 2.2 +or, 'n0 ronment: 4.1&.4 2.3 ; s%r m nat on: 4.1&.& 2.4 P e%e Goods <ual t3 Control: 4.1&.( 4.1&.) 2.& Cutt n" ;epartment <ual t3 Control: 4.1&.1 4.1&.2 2.( In-Pro%ess <ual t3 Control: 4.1&.15 4.1&.11 2.) Random - nal $tat st %al Aud t: 4.1&.12 2.1 -or%ed :abor: 4.1&.13 2.2 +a"es and =ours: 4.1&.14 2.15 #ed %al -a% l t es: 4.1&.1& 2.11 +or, n" Cond t ons: 4.1&.1( 2.12 <ual t3 Assuran%e: 4.1&.1)

4.1( 15. Case $tud3:

& The a0era"e monthl3 produ%t on %apa% t3 of fabr %s s about 1&5 Tons
o

&.5.1 &.5.2 15.1 $tru%ture of the .r"an 9at on: Challen"es 8 $trate" es &.5.3 15.2 $trate" es > Pol % es n th s re"ard are &.5.4 15.3 Pro%urement of Ra4 #ater als &.5.& 15.4 Produ%t on Pro%ess &.5.( 15.& Produ%t 8 <ual t3 &.5.) 15.(#ar,et n" Aspe%ts &.5.1 15.) Te%hn %al Aspe%ts &.5.2 15.1 Inter ndustr3 %onfl %t 8 settlement &.5.15 15.15 Go0ernment Pol % es and the r effe%ts &.5.11 15.11 The fall of +orld trade %enter and ts after effe%ts &.5.12 15.12 Pol %3 Re%ommended b3 the f rm &.5.13 11. .ur personal 0 e4 on R#G $e%tor: &.5.14 12. Gu del nes for ;e0elop n" a =uman Resour%e #ana"ement $trate"3:

&.5.14.1 12.1'mplo3ee edu%at on? tra n n" and de0elopment: &.5.14.2 12.2 #anpo4er plann n": &.5.14.3 12.3 'mplo3ee mot 0at on: &.5.14.4 12.4 Performan%e appra sal:

&.1 13. Problems of Garments $e%tors:

&.1.1 13.1 :a%, of tra n n" and de0elopment: &.1.2 &.1.3 13.2 :a%, of =R# pol % es and pra%t %es: &.1.4 13.3 :o4er Compensat on Pa%,a"e: &.1.& 13.4 :a%, of #ot 0at on:

 o o o

&.1.( 13.& +or, under pressure: &.1.) &.1.1 13.( '@pens 0e .r entat on Pro"rams *eeded: &.1.2 13.) Commun %at on Problems: &.1.15 13.1 Aer3 '@pens 0e In%ent 0es ReBu red: &.1.11 13.2 :o%at on:

&.2 14. Re%ommendat ons: &.3 &.4 1&. Con%lus on:

( ) Part 3: 1 APP'*;IC:

Part-I Purpose of the Report:

The ma n purpose of th s report s to learn the pra%t %es of human resour%e pol % es n Garments se%tor D:ar"e? #ed umE n !an"ladesh. +e ha0e also some spe% f % ob/e%t 0es su%h asF

+hether R#G s ma nta n n" an3 4r tten human resour%es pol % es +hether there s an3 d s%r m nat on n the r fun%t on of =R#. Are the3 pla3 n" fa r rule n the pro%ess of re%ru tment? sele%t on? and performan%e appra sal.

: m tat ons: !as %all3? n prepar n" th s report 4e d dn7t e@per en%e an3 s "n f %ant t3pe of l m tat ons. !e%ause? our honorable tea%her ;r.#r. #d. Abdul =annan # a? 4ho pro0 ded us the ne%essar3 "u del nes that helped us a lot to prepare th s report. =e also "a0e us suff % ent t me to f n sh the report. $ de b3 s de 4e "ot a "reat deal of support and nformat on from the top mana"ement of 0ar ous R#G %ompan es espe% all3 from #ana" n" ; re%tor #r. Abdus $alam of * "ht n"ale -ash on. *o s "n f %ant amount of %ost 4as n%urred n prepar n" th s report.

!ut n prepar n" th s report the onl3 l m tat on that 4e ha0e fa%ed s our la%, of e@per en%e n %ondu%t n" su%h an e@tens 0e and formal stud3. Pro%edures of Gather n" Informat on: In order to "ather the reBu red nformat on for prepar n" the report 4e ha0e made an e@tens 0e nter0 e4 4 th the top mana"ement of 0ar ous R#G %ompan es. -or th s purpose 4e made an appo ntment 4 th ; re%tors of those %ompan es. -rom th s nter0 e4 4e ha0e "athered the ra4 data re"ard n" 0ar ous fun%t onal? bus ness and %orporate le0el strate" es. After %olle%t n" th s ra4 nformat on? 4e ha0e nterpreted these data and f nall3 tr ed to f nd the =R pol % es and also the r pra%t %es n R#G se%tor of !an"ladesh. $our%es of Informat on: The ma n sour%e of nformat on for prepar n" th s report s the top mana"ement of * "ht n"ale -ash on and other %ompan es. +e ha0e also "athered some nformat on from other sour%es.

General Plan for the Report: In order to prepare th s report? 4e ha0e follo4ed a seBuent al pro%ess. $tep 1: +e ha0e "athered ne%essar3 "u del nes from our honorable tea%her ;r. #r. #d. Abdul =annan # a to de0elop the stru%ture of the report. $tep 2: +e ha0e stud ed our te@tboo, G$trate" % =uman Resour%e #ana"ementH b3 + ll am p. Anthon3. Pamelal. Perre4e. ,. # %hele Ia%mar and G !us ness Resear%hH b3 ;onald R. Cooper and Pamela $. $%h ndler n deta ls. $tep 3: !ased on th s stud3 4e ha0e prepared a deta led Buest onna re on 4h %h 4e ha0e made an e@tens 0e nter0 e4 4 th the top mana"ement of * "ht n"ale -ash on and others. $tep & After %ondu%t on the nter0 e4? 4e ha0e nterpreted 0ar ous nformat on and f nall3 f nd out =R Pol % es and pra%t %es that are follo4ed n 0ar ous %ompan es n R#G se%tor.

PART 2:
1. Garments Industries of Bangladesh:
At present Garment s the ma n ndustr3 of !an"ladesh no4. Th s se%tor ha0e de0eloped here rap dl3 be%ause of t s a labor ntens 0e ndustr3? ord nar3 te%hnolo"3? %heap labor and small %ap tal. !efore l berat on n 12)5? n !an"ladesh there 4as onl3 one "arment fa%tor3. In 12))? the number rose to 1. In 1214? the number 4as &1). In 1221? the number stood at 2(&5 and no4 the number of "arments n !an"ladesh s 3355.

In !an"ladesh "arment fa%tor es are s tuated n ;ha,a? Ch ta"on"? *ara3an"on"? $a0ar and Ton" -Ga9 pur Dsee Map of BangladeshE. The *umber of Garment 4or,ers n !an"ladesh s 1.( m ll on. *umber of 4oman 4or,ers s 1.325.555 and men 215.555. $e0ent3 $ @ per%ent of total e@port of !an"ladesh s "arment or ented. #a nl3 !an"ladesh "arments produ%ts are e@ported to the 6$A? Canada? and 'uropean 6n on and Car bbean %ountr es. Re%entl3 !an"ladesh started e@port to Japan? Austral a and some other %ountr es n small s%ale. !an"ladesh e@ports (3 tems of "arments produ%ts. #a n ra4 mater als of "arments K ma nl3 fabr %s %ome from other %ountr es. =ere 4e are "o n" to present our R#G se%tor7s %ontr but on n !an"ladesh '%onom3 8 The r =uman Resour%es Pra%t %es 4 th the r .perat on as a produ%t 0e se%tor of the %ountr3. bution of RMG in Our Economy:

2. Contri ution of R!G "e#tor:

R#G s the lead n" ndustr al se%tor n !an"ladesh. + th sales abroad est mated at 4.3 b ll on dollars a 3ear? of 4h %h 44L e@ported to the 6n ted $tates alone? t represents )(L of !an"ladesh7s e@ports. The se%tor emplo3s appro@ matel3 1.& m ll on 4or,ers? mostl3 3oun" 4omen from underpr 0 le"ed so% al %lasses. #an3 ha0e left rural areas to %ome 4or, n the te@t le fa%tor es of ;ha,a and Ch tta"on"? a, n to the GAmer %an dreamH of poor 0 lla"ers. The %loth n" se%tor s the dr 0 n" for%e of th s poor %ountr37s e%onom3? 4 th e@port f "ures that ha0e r sen spe%ta%ularl3 n the last de%ade as sho4n b3 the follo4 n" table Ddata pro0 ded b3 !G#'AE: '@ports of "arments rose b3 &52L bet4een 1225-1221 and 1222-2555 and b3 14?555L f the %urrent amounts are %ompared 4 th those of 1213-1214. The 4orld7s lead n" brands do the r bu3 n" n !an"ladesh: :e0 $trauss? =8#? #ar,s 8 $pen%er? +al-#art? The Gap? * ,e? et%.

$. BG!%A:
The !an"ladesh Garment #anufa%turers and '@porters Asso% at on D!G#'AE s the onl3 re%o"n 9ed trade bod3 that represents the e@port or ented "arment manufa%turers and e@porters of the %ountr3. Read3-made Garment DR#GE emer"ed as a prom s n" e@port earn n" se%tor of the %ountr3 b3 the 3ear 1213. !an"ladesh at that t me la%,ed a se%t oral trade bod3? non-"o0ernment n nature? free from trad t onal bureau%ra%3? to help the se%tor to boost up the %ountr37s fore "n e@%han"e earn n"s. 'ntrepreneurs and the "o0ernment n the post ndependen%e 3ears felt and emphas 9ed the ur"ent need to de0elop non-trad t onal tems of e@port for help n" the stru""l n" e%onom3. As a result? 12)) mar,ed the b rth of !an"ladesh Garment #anufa%turers and '@porters7 Asso% at on D!G#'AE. $ n%e ts humble n%ept on 4 th onl3 n neteen D12E "arment manufa%turers and e@porters? !G#'A has "ro4n nto a stron" and d3nam % bod3. Toda3 t proudl3 de%lares re" stered membersh p of more than 2)55 "arment manufa%turers and e@porters. .f the total 2)55 un ts? about 1232 "arment fa%tor es are lo%ated n ;ha,a 4h le about 1 && and 41& fa%tor es are lo%ated n *ar3an"an/ and Ch tta"on" respe%t 0el3. -a%tor es are lo%ated n ;ha,a 4h le about 1 && and 41& fa%tor es are lo%ated n *ar3an"an/ and Ch tta"on"

respe%t 0el3. These 2)55 "arment fa%tor es ha0 n" about 1.& m ll on 4or,for%es s earn n" )3L of the %ountr37s total fore "n %urren%3. About 1 & m ll on people are d re%tl3 dependent on th s se%tor.. The follo4 n" are the re"ular a%t 0 t es of !G#'A for ts members? o4ners? apparel bu3ers and other partners. 1. .r"an 9 n" members to hold or to part % pate n apparel fa rs at home 2. And abroadF D-or further nformat on? an3 nterested part3 %an use !G#'A7s 4eb pa"e at http:>>444.a"n .net>bate@poE. 3. 'stabl sh n" and promot n" %onta%ts 4 th fore "n bu3ers? bus ness asso% at ons? %hambers et%. 4. Pro0 d n" the members? apparel bu3ers and other nformat on users 4 th 0ar ous related data. &. #on tor n" nternat onal apparel trade and trade. fa rs and d ssem nat n" the rele0ant nformat on throu"h ts Computer-*et4or,-$3stem l n,ed 4 th 0ar ous onl ne data sour%es n the 6$A and the '6. (. 'n%oura" n" %o-operat on bet4een ndustr es? %ompan es? f rms en"a"ed manufa%tur n" of "arments? all ed ndustr es and e@porters of read3-made "arments. n

). .r"an 9 n" sem nars and s3mpos a on %urrent trade ssues to de0elop a4areness and %onsensus amon" the members and other related part es. 1. =elp n" n Go0ernment7s te@t le Buota ne"ot at on 4 th 6$A and Canada. 2. =elp n" to resol0e trade d sputes bet4een the members and the bu3ers. 15. #a nta n n" %omputer 9ed membersh p nformat on and pro0 d n" nformat on on Buota matters. 11. #on tor n" mplementat on of #au on %h ld labor el m nat on from the e@port or ented "arment se%tor of !an"ladesh. 12. 'du%at n" the d spla%ed 4or,ers belo4 the a"e of 14 3ears and the %h ldren of the 4or,ers throu"h sett n" up of s%hool-%um-health %enters n d fferent 9ones of ;ha,a? *ara3an"on/ and Ch tta"on". 13. Publ sh n" a monthl3 ma"a9 ne st3led G!G#'A *e4sletterH that pro0 des updated nformat on about the "arment se%tor. 14. =elp n" d sposal of sto%,-lots of fabr %s. 1&. Re%ommend n" for %orre%t ut l 9at on of fabr %s>3arn>a%r3l %>4ool. 1(. G 0 n" perm ss on for Inter bond sub-%ontra%t of bonded 4arehouse "oods. 1). Issu n" 6t l 9at on ;e%larat on D6>;E? '@port .rders for %learan%e of ra4 mater als mported b3 member-fa%tor es.

11. 'nsur n" adopt on of $afet3 #easures n order to a0ert f re a%% dents n fa%tor es. 12. Contr but n" f nan% al a d for the 0 %t ms n %ase of %asualt3 n f re a%% dents n memberfa%tor es. 25. =a0 n" re"ular %o-ord nat on 4 th the labor or"an 9at ons n the "arments se%tor to resol0e labor related ssues and establ sh %ord al emplo3er-4or,er relat onsh p. 21. Creat n" a4areness of the member-un ts on labor matters b3 " 0 n" e@pert ad0 %e as and 4hen reBu red. 22. G 0 n" le"al ass stan%e to member-un ts throu"h our :e"al Ad0 ser as and 4hen reBu red. 23. Co-sponsor n" 4 th G.!? I:. and 6*;P for mplementat on of 4elfare measures for "arment 4or,ers n broader areas of pr mar3 health %are? transportat on? so% al se%ur t3 8 nsuran%e %o0era"e? hous n" and s, ll tra n n".

&. 'ational Garments (or)ers *ederation:

*at onal Garments +or,ers -ederat on s a %ountr34 de re" stered Independent? ;emo%rat % and Pro"ress 0e Trade 6n on -ederat on of "arment 4or,ers n !an"ladesh. The federat on 4as establ shed on 1214. There are 21 re" stered trade un ons Dplant un onsE aff l ated 4 th the *G+-. !es de these? the federat on has 151( fa%tor3 %omm ttees. -rom 1214? the federat on s n0ol0ed n all the mportant mo0ements n%lud n" se0eral %ountr34 de str ,es n the "arment se%tor. Total membersh p of the federat on s: 25.555 pa3 n" member: &.155 and *on pa3 n": 14.255. Central .ff %e of the federat on s at 2)>11>1 Top,hana road? ;ha,a-1555. There are 3 others bran%h off %es of the federat on n Ch ta"on"? $a0ar and Ton" . The federat on s run b3 ts 4r tten %onst tut on and part % pat ons of ts members n a demo%rat % 4a3.

A. Aims and + ,e#ti-es

1. 'nsure fa r 4a"es. 2. 'stabl sh the +or,ers R "hts and =uman R "hts. 3. 'nsure the eBual 4a"es and eBual r "hts for the 4omen 4or,ers. 4. Impro0e the 4or, n" %ond t on and en0 ronment n 4or, n" pla%es. &. $tru""le for a demo%rat %? de0eloped and pro"ress 0e so% et3.

B. !ain A#ti-ities
1. 6n te the "arment 4or,ers. 2. -ormat on of plant le0el un ons.

3. In t ate and Condu%t the %ountr34 de mo0ements for the betterment of "arment 4or,ers. 4. $upport? %ooperate and %ondu%t the fa%tor3 base mo0ements. &. A4areness bu ld n" amon" the "arment 4or,ers. (. Tra n n" and edu%at on for the "arment 4or,ers. ). $pe% al tra n n" and edu%at on for the 4oman 4or,ers. 1. :e"al a d for the members and "arment 4or,ers. 2. Publ % 9e the 4or,ers and other mater als for the "arment 4or,ers n lo%al and eas3 lan"ua"e. 15. Cooperate to "et ne4 /obs for the unemplo3ed and d sm ssed 4or,ers. 11. A4areness bu ld n" for health and en0 ronment and to pro0 de health fa% l t es. 12. .r"an 9e meet n"s? pro%ess ons? demonstrat ons? sem nars and s3mpos ums for the "arment 4or,ers. 13. $upport and part % pate n the mo0ements of other se%tors? demo%rat % mo0ements and 4omen freedom mo0ements. 14. '@press and sho4 sol dar t3 4 th nternat onal trade un on mo0ements? demo%rat % mo0ements and 4omen mo0ements.

.. Industr/-An +-er-ie0:
In the open mar,et e%onom3? the read3-made "arment ndustr3 DR#GE s the pr me ndustr3 n !an"ladesh. R#G se%tor s the lar"est %ontr but on to the *at onal n%ome and e@ports of !an"ladesh. The R#G ndustr3 of !an"ladesh suppl es a "ood port on of the total needed suppl es of read3 made "arments throu"hout the 4orld. The R#G se%tor n !an"ladesh has lar"el3 "ro4n? spurred b3 the Buotas mposed b3 ma/or mport n" %ountr es under the #ult f ber A"reement D#-AE. The R#G ndustr3 s thrust n" our e%onom3 to4ards de0elopment 4 th a %ontr but on of about )5L n the nat onal n%ome and b3 emplo3 n" o0er 1.( m ll on 4or,ers of 4h %h o0er 1.& m ll on are female 4or,ers. The pro"ress of R#G se%tor has opened up a 4 de road to4ards 0ast opportun t es and de0elopment propos t ons. R#G se%tor has brou"ht a stream of de0elopment n the follo4 n" areas alon" 4 th ts o4n. M In%rease of '@port trade. M Creat on of emplo3ment opportun t es.

M Creat on of ne4? enthus ast %? d3nam % entrepreneurs. M ;e0elopment of rele0ant Industr3? su%h as 4ea0 n"? sp nn n"? ,n tt n"? d3 n"? f n sh n" and pr nt n" et%. M ;e0elopment n transportat on se%tor and roads 8 h "h4a3s. M Greater ut l 9at on and re0enue earn n" from the portDsE. M ;e0elopment pa%,a" n" ndustr3. The de0elopment of R#G se%tor also br n"s up benef ts to some other areas su%h as. - - nan% al $e%tor - Insuran%e %ompan es - Introdu%t on of ne4 te%hnolo"3 - Infrastru%ture de0elopment - Reputat on n the 4orld mar,et. Garments se%tor ndustr3 4e ha0e %erta n ad0anta"e of e@port. !an"ladesh s en/o3 n" the most fa0ored nat on D#-AE or Buota s3stem from 6$A and "eneral 9ed s3stem of preferen%es DG$PE from 'uropean 6n on. 6$A mported &5 per%ent of our total "arment e@port. The3 also mported 3) per%ent of total e@port of our %ountr3. 'uropean un on mportant 4( per%ent of our total e@port "oods be%ause the mporters of 'uropean 6n on are en/o3 n" 12 and half per%ent ta@ redu%t on !ut after the 3ear of 255& these abo0e s3stem 4 ll not e@ st. If 4e %annot establ sh the ba%,4ard l n,a"e ndustr3 4 th n th s t me per od. 1355 of our "arment ndustr3 4 ll %lose fore0er. Thus the present 4orld e%onom3 posses a "reat deal of %hallen"es for the read3 made "arment ndustr3 of !an"ladesh. The ensur n" des%r bes the ma/or %hallen"es mpl %at ons and the strate" % responses under ta,en b3 the sta,eholders? "o0ernment and !G#'A.

1. Condition of Garments (or)ers in Bangladesh:

In real t3 the %ond t on of "arments 4or,ers n !an"ladesh s 0er3 bad. There are some %han"es due to the labor unrest? trade un on mo0ements? and $o% al pressure and for the pressure of de0eloped %ountr es %onsumers. !ut t ll no4 : 0 n" standard of 4or,ers s una%%eptable

There s no la4 for the nat onal m n mum 4a"e. There are s%opes to f @ the m n mum 4a"e n se%tor based: In e0er3 3 3ears? the m n mum 4a"e s supposed to be re0 sed but t s not follo4ed n the all se%tors. In 1224? the m n mum 4a"e for the "arment 4or,ers 4as f @ed at T,. 235> per month D1E for the uns, lled 4or,ers and T,. 2355> for s, lled 4or,ers. Th s m n mum 4a"e 4as not re0 sed t ll no4. '0en t ll no4? the m n mum 4a"e of 1224 4as not mplemented n the 4hole se%tor. T ll no4? n man3 %ases the uns, lled 4or,ers re%e 0e T,. 155> per month. #ost of the "arment fa%tor es do not follo4 the labor la4 and I:. %on0ent ons. #ost of the %ases the 4or,ers %annot en/o3 the 4ee,l3 hol da3. There s no Job se%ur t3? so% al se%ur t3? "ratu t3 or pro0 dent fund for the "arment 4or,ers. #ost of the %ases the mana"ement do not pro0 de appo ntment letters> %ontra%t letters? dent t3 %ards and ser0 %e boo,s. A%%ord n" to the :abor :a4? the ma@ mum 4or, n" hour per da3 s 15 n%lud n" the 2 hours o0ert me. !ut n most of the %ases 4or,ers are for%ed to 4or, 14 to 1( hours per da3. $ome t mes the3 4or, 4hole n "ht. .0ert me 4or, s %ompulsor3 and for%eful. There s not hous n" fa% l t es from the o4ners. #ost of the %ases matern t3 lea0es s absen%e. #ost of the %ases there s no transportat on fa% l t es. #ost of the %ases? there s no do%tor? f rst a d? suff % ent l "ht and 0ent lat on. In some %ases there are no suff % ent and pure dr n, n" 4ater and to lets for the 4or,ers. A%%ord n" to la4? 4omen 4or, s proh b ted after 1 pm. !ut the 4omen 4or,ers are bound to 4or, unt l 15 pm or 11 pm. '0en n some %ases the3 4or, the 4hole n "ht. #ost of the %ases matern t3 lea0es s absen%e. #ost of the fa%tor es do not ha0e the da3 %are %enters. #ost of the %ases? mana"ement do not pa3 the monthl3 4a"e and o0ert me pa3ment 4 th n )th of the ne@t month. In man3 %ases monthl3 4a"e and o0ert me pa3ment s out stand n" for 2>3 months. =ealth-safet3 and se%ur t3 %ond t on are not suff % ent. #ana"ement do not allo4 the 4or,ers to /o n the trade un on or format on of trade un on thou"h the 4or,ers ha0e the trade un on r "hts a%%ord n" to the labour la4 and I:. %on0ent ons. #ana"ement f res the 4or,ers f he>she /o nt n the trade un on. $ome t mes the3 threaded the 4or,ers and e0en %lose do4n the plant for the format on of trade un on. #ana"ement does not ensure the se%ur t3 of the 4omen 4or,ers. +omen 4or,ers fa%ed rape and se@ual harassment out s de the fa%tor es and some t mes ns de the fa%tor es. There s other form of se@ d s%r m nat on. +omen 4or,ers are depr 0ed from 'Bual 4a"e? 'Bual d "n t3? 'Bual r "hts and 'Bual promot ons.

1.1 Trade 2nion !o-ement in Garments "e#tor:

a. :abor relat ons The pro%ess of deal n" 4 th emplo3ees 4hen the3 are represented b3 a un on b. Colle%t 0e bar"a n n" the pro%ess of a"ree n" on a sat sfa%tor3 labor %ontra%t bet4een mana"ement and a un on %. Gr e0an%e pro%edure The means b3 4h %h a labor %ontra%t s enfor%ed d. Cont n"ent and Temporar3 +or,ers e. Trends n Cont n"ent and Temporar3 'mplo3ment In re%ent 3ears? the number of %ont n"ent 4or,ers n the 4or,for%e has n%reased dramat %all3. Cate"or es of %ont n"ent 4or,ers n%lude Independent %ontra%tors? on-%all 4or,ers? temporar3

emplo3ees Dusuall3 h red throu"h outs de a"en% esE? and %ontra%t and leased emplo3ees. Another %ate"or3 s part-t me 4or,ers. Trade 6n on mo0ement n "arments se%tor s 0er3 4ea,. '0en t s 4ea,er than other se%tors. There are 1 %ountr3 4 de re" stered trade un on federat ons. There are 2 federat ons re" stered as d 0 s on based. Another & re" stered federat ons are %omb ned 4 th Jute? Te@t le and leather $e%tor. Apart from these? there are ( unre" stered federat ons n th s se%tor. There are 3 all an%es n the "arment se%tor. These are: 1. !an"ladesh Garments +or,ers 6n t3 Coun% l. 2. !an"ladesh Garments +or,ers and 'mplo3ees 6n t3 Coun% l. 3. !.*.C.C. D!an"ladesh Coord nat n" Comm ttee? aff l ated 4 th DITG:+-E.

1.2 Reasons of the (ea)ness of Trade 2nion !o-ement in Bangladesh:

#a n Reasons of the +ea,ness of trade un on mo0ement of "arment se%tor n !an"ladesh are: 1. ; sun t3 and d 0 s on of or"an 9at ons. 2. 6nl m ted and lon" 4or, n" hours. 3. Absen%e of Job se%ur t3. 4. # "rat on from fa%tor3 to fa%tor3. &. Absen%e of 4ee,l3 hol da3 and other hol da3s. (. #a/or t3 of 4omen. ). $tate pol %3. 1. 'l te %lass o4nersh p. 2. :o4 4a"e. 15. 6nemplo3ment of the %ountr3.

3. !a,or Challenges *a#ing the R!G "e#tor and its Impli#ations:

3.1 Integration of !*A into (T+-ATC

!an"ladesh 4 ll fa%e open %ompet t on 4 th other de0elop n" %ountr es. Ch na s e@pe%ted to "a n most from the mplementat on of the ATC? follo4ed b3 Ind a and $outh IoreaF US Trade and De elopment !ct "TD! #$$$% The T;A 2555 pro0 des preferent al trade Ddut3 and <uota freeE a%%esses? espe% all3 n te@t les and apparel to the %ountr es of Afr %a and Car bbean !as n.

3.2 The Glo al re#ession

The "lobal e%onom % en0 ronment puts a susta ned mpa%t on the !an"ladesh e%onom3 and the e%onom % of !an"ladesh has been nte"rat n" nto "lobal e%onom3.

3.$China4s (T+ %ntr/

Ch na7s %loth n" e@ports s 1(.2 per%ent of the total 4orld e@ports 4h le !an"ladesh7s te@t le shares onl3 2.1 per%ent. It s feared that? a%%ess of %h na nto the +T. t 4ould %ro4d out other de0elop n" %ountr3 suppl es. There are fa%tual nd %at ons that? 4hen Buotas are el m nated %ountr es l ,e !an"ladesh ma3 be ne"le%ted and produ%t on sh fted to lo%at ons l ,e Ch na.

3.& + ser-an#e of Rights of (or)ers

M The GCheap laborH deolo"3 Dha0e ne"at 0e 4a"e ratesEF M :on" 4or, n" hour and no lea0es ma nta nedF M *o appo ntment %ontra%tF M +or,ers health and nse%ur t3F M :a%, of *on-4a"e benef tsF M !G#'A7s response to statutor3 ssues.

5. The Positi-e 6 'egati-e trend of glo ali7ation on R!G se#tor:

The R#G se%tor has the lar"est %ontr but on to our nat onal n%ome. $ n%e the ndependen%e of the %ountr3 the R#G ndustr3 has been r s n". ;ue to the effe%t of "lobal 9at on? espe% all3 the Buota and #-A a"reement? th s se%tor has a%h e0ed tremendous "ro4th after the m d 15s. Th s "ro4th trend has %ont nued unt l the $eptember-11 o%%urren%e and the threat of phas n" out of the #-A? G$P preferen%e for the de0elop n" %ountr es l ,e !an"ladesh s the near future D2554E.

-rom the %hart belo4 4e %an see the number of f rms that ha0e been establ shed s n%e the m d )5s t ll date. Near of establ shment 12)&-)( 121&-1( 1225-21 122)-21 1222-2555
The Terrorist stri)e of "eptem er-11

*umber of - rms 51 (51 234 21&5 3&55 2255

2551-2552

Th s %hart %an be sho4n n a d a"ram belo4 :

The trend l ne %learl3 sho4n that? s n%e the m d 15s t ll the late 25s the mpa%t of "lobal 9at on on the R#G se%tor has been pos t 0e 8 benef t n" to the nat onal e%onom3. !ut due to the re%ent "lobal e%onom % re%ess on and e0ents l ,e $eptember-11 the "ro4th trend of R#G se%tor of !an"ladesh alon" 4 th other de0elop n" %ountr es has substant all3 fell Dfrom 3&55 f rms n the 3ear 2555 to 2255 f rms n 3ear 2552E. $o t %an be sa d that n the present "lobal e%onom % %ond t on the mpa%t of "lobal 9at on s not so "ood for the de0elop n" %ountr es spe% all3 !an"ladesh. : In Brief -: a. Challen"es: The ma/or threat of "lobal 9at on pro%ess on the R#G se%tor of !;. and e0entuall3 on the f rm DCha t3 GroupE s the open mar,et strate"3 n t ated b3 +T.. The R#G ndustr3 of !;. has to d re%tl3 f "ht a"a nst the more de0eloped and soph st %ated ndustr es throu"hout the 4orld. The phas n" our of the <uota s3stem D;e%. 2554E due to the phas n" out of #-A DG$PE for %ountr es l ,e !;. s the "reatest %hallen"ed of all. b. $trate" % Response: Pr %e 8 Bual t3 these 4 ll be the t4o most effe%t 0e 4eapons a"a nst th s threats b3 "lobal 9at on. %. In t at 0es: The "o0t. of !an"ladesh alon" 4 th !G#'A are en"a"ed n %ont nuous lobb3 n" for the e@tens on of the preferen%e of Buota 4 th the nternat onal %ommun t es. Rounds of *e"ot at ons are be n" underta,en. .ne of the latest strate"3 b3 !G#'A s the n%lus on of lar"e nternat onal

bu3ers and the bu3 n" houses n the member l st of !G#'A and putt n" the nd re%t pressure on them of be n" sta,e holders of th s se%tor.

8. Code of Condu#t:
The "roup operates n full %ompl an%e 4 th the appl %able la4s? rules and re"ulat ons? n%lud n" those relat n" to labor? 4or,er health and safet3? and the en0 ronment.

8.1 Child 9a or:

The3 emplo3 onl3 4or,ers 4ho meet the appl %able m n mum le"al a"e reBu rement or are at least 11 3ears of a"e? 4h %he0er "reater.

8.2 (or) %n-ironment:

The3 en%oura"e de0elop n" la4ful 4or,pla%e apprent %esh p pro"rams for the edu%at onal benef t of the r 4or,ers.

8.$ :is#rimination:
The3 emplo3 4or,ers on the bas s of the r ab l t3 to do the /ob? not on the bas s of the r personal %hara%ter st %s or bel efs.

8.& Pie#e Goods ;ualit/ Control:

Appro@.? 15L -25L nspe%t ons of all p e%e "oods pr or to spread n". -our po nt s3stem s follo4ed to %lass f3 defe%ts. ;efe%t %lass f %at on l st has been set up to s mpl f3 the lan"ua"e and /ud"ment used to ma,e 0 sual fabr % e0aluat on. Rolls are se"re"ated shade 4 se pr or to spread n".

8.. Cutting :epartment ;ualit/ Control:

- nal patterns are %he%,ed thorou"hl3 a"a nst measurements pro0 ded to %ontrol spe% de0 at on. Pl3 number n"? st %,ers and bundl n" s follo4ed to %ontrol shad n" 4 th n lots. Random sampl n" s done pr or to %utt n" to determ ne shr n,a"e and an3 other %hara%ter st % that ma3 e@ st n the fabr %.

8.1 In-Pro#ess ;ualit/ Control:

In l ne aud ts are %arr ed out b3 Bual f ed nspe%tors to %orre%t the problem at the se4 n" le0el rather than after the "arment has been %ompletel3 assembled. +r tten Bual t3 standards are set up to la3 emphas s on %r t %al operat ons. A separate <.A. Team ndependent of produ%t on has been appo nted to e0aluate the Bual t3 of mer%hand se be n" se4n.

8.3 Random *inal "tatisti#al Audit:

After mer%hand se has been dul3 %he%,ed > nspe%ted b3 the f n sh n" se%t on? a f nal aud t s %arr ed b3 the r profess onal <.C7$. #er%hand se are aud ted at 4.5 A<: presentl3. The3 are see, n" to atta n 2.& A<: n the near future. The r ded %ated 4or, for%e? s, lled profess onals and "roomed mana"ement are %omm tted to ta,e the ne4 %hallen"e of up-to-date st3l n" and fash on from "lobal mar,et.

8.5 *or#ed 9a or:

The3 don7t use n0oluntar3 labor of an3 , nd. The3 do not for%e an3 4or,er to rema n n emplo3ment? for an3 per od of t me a"a nst h s or her 4 ll.

8.8 (ages and <ours:

The3 set 4or, n" hours? 4a"e and o0ert me pa3 n %ompl an%e 4 th all appl %able la4s.

8.1= !edi#al *a#ilities:

The3 pro0 de free med %al fa% l t es 8 %onsultan%3 to 4or,ers.

8.11 (or)ing Conditions:

The3 treat all the r 4or,ers 4 th respe%t and d "n t3 and pro0 de them 4 th a safe and health3 en0 ronment. The3 %ompl3 4 th all appl %able la4s and re"ulat ons re"ard n" 4or, n" %ond t ons.

8.12 ;ualit/ Assuran#e:

All the "arments produ%ed are sub/e%ted to str %t Bual t3 assuran%e %he%,s and nspe%t ons. The3 4or, hard to produ%e Bual t3 "arments %ons stentl3. In order to susta n Bual t3 the3 4or, 4 th respe%t 0e bu3ers Bual t3 %ontrol manuals as reBu red.

1=. Case "tud/:

* "ht n"ale -ash on : m ted? one of the lar"est %ontr butors of the R#G ndustr3? has ts o4n "lobal %hallen"es and strate" es to respond to those %hallen"es as t s a part of the ndustr3. The ensur n" d s%usses the %hallen"es and strate" % response to those %hallen"es at the operat 0e le0els of the f rm. It s an e@port or ented %ompos te Te@t le? ;3e n"? and - n sh n" 8 Pr nt n" 8 Garments Industr3 for produ%t on of In t -abr %s 8 fash onable and bas % ,n t Garments. The fa%tor3 s lo%ated n the front of !$CIC Industr al 'state? Ionabar Ga9 putr. There s a )stor ed bu ld n" of &5?555 $B. -t. for ts In tt n"? ;3e n"? - n sh n"? pr nt n" and Garments un ts o4ned b3 the %ompan3. The fa%tor3 s full3 eBu pped 4 th brand ne4 h "hl3 soph st %ated

modem h "h-speed ma%h ner es. .ur e@pert and tra ned profess onals and te%hn % ans are 4or, n" for ts effe%t 0e 8 eff % ent mana"ement and produ%t on. The Compan3 off %e s also s tuated at ;ha,a #etropol tan area #al ba"h #oor 4h %h %ont nuous super0 s on 8 mmed ate de% s ons of the mana"ement %ould eas l3 be " 0en for nformat on of produ%t on and %orresponden%e. * "ht n"ale -ash on :td s a member of !G#'A D!an"ladesh Garments #anufa%turer and '@porters Asso% at onE T'CTI:' 6*IT Th s un t s eBu pped 4 th modern ma%h ner37s to produ%e d fferent t3pes > des "ns of ,n t fabr %s. The % r%ular In tt n" ma%h nes of d fferent from 1)H to 3(H are of -A:#AC brand f tted 4 th 4 tre%, %ams? are produ% n" $ n"le Jerse3> P Bue > :aBuest fabr %s of 4e "ht 13& to 355 G$#Df n shedE. #oreo0er also produ% n" :3%raD$>J and R bE Interlo%, -abr %s? $em Ja%Buard -abr %s? $tr p -abr %s? #elan"e -abr %s? R b -abr %s? -ren%h Terr3 n d fferent 4e "hts. A "roup of e@per en%ed In tt n" operators are 4or, n" under an e@per en%ed In tt n" 'n" neer ha0 n" all the soph st %ated test eBu pment. Che%, n" of all "ra3 fabr %s s d ned before d3 n".

The a-erage monthl/ produ#tion #apa#it/ of fa ri#s is a out 1.= Tons

: st of fabr %s that %an be produ%ed:T3pe of fabr %s $ n"le /erse3 P Bue :a%oste 1O1 r b ;ra4 needle r b -ren%h terr3 fabr % :3%ra s n"le /erse3 :3%ra r b Interlo%, G$# 135-245 115-2&5 115-2&5 1(5-245 115-2&5 255-355 115-355 255-355 115-355 <ual t3 155L %otton >(&L Pol3ester 3&L %otton G G G G G 2&L %otton &L l3%ra G 155L %otton or P>C

;N'I*G 6*ITR The un t s eBu pped 4 th modern ma%h ner3 of brand +oo Nan"? I3un" =oon? ;on"nam 8 =anseon" are done sol d %olor d3e n" as per du3er reBu rement. Also nstalled = "h Temperature + n%h 4h %h done TC fabr % d3e n". +e ,eep the s%hedule that n t me del 0er3 for 0endor. G'R#'*T$ 6*IT Th s un t s eBu pped 4 th modern ma%h ner3 of Ju, ? Iansa $pe% al? Pe"asus? $ ruba 8 I.#. The sele%t on of ma%h nes s done su%h a 4a3 to %o0er most the st t%h n" fa% l t es for In t Garments. The f n sh n" of "arments s done b3 -ull $team Irons pressed on 0a%uum Iron n" Tables. All the "arments are pass n" throu"h thread su%, n" ma%h ne. 1st Inspe%t on are done dur n" st t%h n" n produ%t on floor? then after %omplet on of and st t%h n" and f nall3 after ron n" 4or,s before pa%, n". +e do 155L nspe%t on before e@port. The eff % ent 4or,ers? super0 sors and floor n %har"e are 4or, n" n th s un t under an e@per en%ed Produ%t on #ana"er. The sample ma, n" se%t on: th s se%t on s headed b3 an e@per en%ed n %har"e %apable to understand an3 , nd of st3les? s,et%hes? d fferent t3pes of st t%h n" and fabr %s? Pattern ma, n" also done here. The ma%h ne operators of the se%t on %an operate all , nds of se4 n" ma%h nes. All %olle%t on samples for d fferent seasons? f tt n" samples? photo samples are produ%ed n th s se%t on. A0era"e produ%t on %apa% t3 of "arments s about 45?555 to 4&?555 ;o9>month.Dof bas % temE Presentl3 produ% n" follo4 n" "arments: ;es%r pt on Infant dress Ch ldren tops D:on">short slee0eE !o3s T $h rt !o3s tan, top !o3s shorts !o3s /o"" n" set :ad es l3%ra le"" n" :ad es l3%ra short -abr %s $>J>R b>Ant p ll n" polar flee%e > To4el n" flee%e G G G G G $>J or R b :3%ra -abr %s G

:ad es T-sh rt :ad es 0est :ad es pullo0er :ad es s4eat sh rt #en7s bas % T-sh rt #en7s short slee0e polo sh rt #en7s trousers #en7s tan, top #en7s s4eat sh rt #en7s shorts > Jo"" n" set et%. #en7s +omen7s 8 Ch ldren7s * "ht +ear.

G G R b>Interlo%,>Ant p ll n" polar flee%e> To4el n" flee%e $>J>P Bue>:a%oste G G G G G

#oreo0er *IG=TI*GA:' -A$=I.* :T;. has the follo4 n" fa% l t es for smooth operat on: o o .4n stand b3 Generator to run full fa%tor3D4&5 I A AE .4n Po4er $ubstat on DG'CE

o - re f "ht n" eBu pments n%lud n" f re e@t n"u shers? smo,e dete%tors? separate sta r %ase et%. o o o o o $uff % ent 0olume of 4ater reser0o r at under "round 8 o0erhead. To let %omple@es at ea%h floor separatel3 for male 8 female 4or,ers. $uff % ent Tube : "hts are pro0 ded n all the 4or, n" areas. $uff % ent Aent lat on s pro0 ded b3 nstall n" %e l n" fans? e@haust fans8 lar"e 4 ndo4s . -a%tor3 prem ses s al4a3s ,ept nest 8 %lean.

o -loors are f tted 4 th %eram % t les so that t rema ns 0er3 %lean. ;ur n" 4 nter season 4or,er %an 4al, bare footed 4 th an3 d ff %ult es. +e do not ha0e an3 %h ld labor. : st of the !u3ers? to 4hom *IG=TI*GA:' 4or,ed so far:

$: 51 52 53 54 5& 5( 5) 51 52 15 11 12 13 14

*ame of !u3er Carrefour : nde@ #m Au%han *-Jo3 -ash on Noun"o 'urope .pera : nmar, $RG Pea%o%,s '0er "ood P'R. As a Cas no -ran%e $4eden -ran%e -ran%e *etherlands *etherlands -ran%e 6.I 6.I 6.I Canada German3 German3 -ran%e

Countr3

1=.1 "tru#ture of the +rgani7ation: Challenges 6 "trategies

The or"an 9at on s headed b3 the #ana" n" ; re%tor D#;E 4ho s follo4ed b3 the '@e%ut 0e ; re%tor D- nan%eE 8 '@e%ut 0e ; re%tor D.perat onsE. - The =uman Resour%es of the or"an 9at on s so allo%ated that ensures the #ana"ement of the f rm s %ompetent enou"h to endure the f er%e %ompet t on both at the nat onal and Internat onal le0el.

1=.2 "trategies > Poli#ies in this regard are

- Top #ana"ement s n0ol0ed n freBuent super0 s on of Bual t3 of produ%t. - '@e%ut 0es are en"a"ed n mot 0at n" the emplo3ees to br n" out the ma@ mum produ%t 0 t3 of the 4or, for%e. - Job des%r pt on? spe% f %at on? re%ru tment and la3 off pol %3? salar3 and n%ent 0e are pre de% ded and 4ell enun% ated. - The %ompan3 does not usuall3 deplo3 e@ternal e@pert se 4 thout some ob0 ous e@%ept ons. - The emplo3ees at the root le0el are " 0en tra n n" before be n" en"a"ed nto the produ%t on. '@e%ut 0es are tra ned? f needed? e ther on the prem ses or at the !G#'A tra n n" %entre.

1=.$ Pro#urement of Ra0 !aterials

The %ompan3 has a stubborn Bual t3 %ontrol pol %3. In the pro%ess of pro%urement of Ra4 #ater al the %ompan3 uses the follo4 n" sour%es: - !a%,4ard : n,a"e Industr3F t has ts o4n Te@t le # ll? In tt n" and +o0en fa% l t3? pr nt n" and pa%,a" n" fa%tor3. - Import n"F the f rm sour%es t7s mater al from Ch na? $ n"apore? Ind a? Tha land and other respe%t 0e %ountr es a%%ord n" to the mater al reBu rement of the produ%t on pro%ess. - As t s an order-suppl3 n" %ompan3? the mater al ma3 also pro0 ded b3 the %ustomer.

1=.& Produ#tion Pro#ess

The %ompan3 has a form dable nfrastru%ture and eBu pment to meet the Bual t3 le0el des red b3 the %ustomer. The %ompan3 posses almost all latest ma%h ner3 and eBu pment needed b3 a f rm to %omplete "loball3. QA #a%h ner3 l st %an be found on the %ompan3 prof leR - - rm uses some spe% al ad0anta"es b3 us n" ma%h nes l ,e CA;. #ar,er Paper et%. 4h %h are a0a lable onl3 n fe4 other !an"ladesh f rms. - !a%,4ard l n,a"e ndustr3 s also used for produ%t on. - $ub %ontra%t n" s a %ommon s%enar o 4 th n the Industr3 these da3s.

1=.. Produ#t 6 ;ualit/

- rm follo4s a str n"ent Bual t3 %ontrol pol %3. It s us n" 1&52552 as a Bual t3 measurement standard. .0er the past 25 3ears the Bual t3 %ontrol 0 e4 has %han"ed. *o4-a-da3s the <C off %ers are %on%erned 4 th the S/ump-st t%h7 or S/o nt st t%h7 problem rather than 4 ll the Sopen sum7 problem. - Cl ents these da3s are not that mu%h %on%erned 4 th the st t%h and o l mar, problems. It s ob0 ous that a f rm has o0er%ome these pr mar3 le0el problems b3 us n" more modern te%hnolo" es that has been poss ble for the "lobal 9at on pro%ess. - The Bual t3 %ontrol pro%ess n0ol0es %reat n" %omm tment n the emplo3ees pro0 d n" them 4 th proper en0 ronment? e@er% s n" human r "hts and so% al respons b l t3 of the f rm. These trends mana" n" the 4or, for%e s an ob0 ous out%ome of the "lobal 9at on pro%ess.

1=.1!ar)eting Aspe#ts
Just 25 3ears a"o? the R#G se%tor of !; 4as l ,e a sellers mar,et 4here bu3ers %ame and %hose. !ut no4 due to Buota the mar,et n" stru%ture %han"ed.

- *o4 a Buota of R#G produ%t that %an be e@ported to 6$ mar,et s " 0en b3 the 6.$. "o0ernment. - The '@port Pro%ess n" !ureau Q'P!R thus allo%ates the total Buota amon" the f rms of the ndustr3. - In th s respe%t t %an be sa d that due to "lobal 9at on the produ%t on and sell n" %apa% t3 of a f rm s %ontrolled b3 the Internat onal bod es and "o0ernment of the %ountr3.

1=.3 Te#hni#al Aspe#ts

The %ompan3 personnel ment oned that the3 ha0e a 4ell tra ned 4or, for%e and the reBu red te%hn %al aspe%ts n%lud n" ma%h ner3 that %an met the %ustomer sat sfa%t on. Thou"h !an"ladesh f rm are ass "ned 4 th the order of QC-"radeR read3 made Garment produ%ts? the3 ar"ued that 4 th the r present le0el of te%hn %al e@pert se? the f rm %an del 0er e0er h "her "rade produ%t order. The3 added onl3 "o0ernment pol %3 and the ass stan%e of Internat onal bod es s needed to del 0er a Bual t3 output.

1=.5 Inter industr/ #onfli#t 6 settlement

The e@port or ented read3made "arment ndustr3 of !an"ladesh s dependent on the Buotas allotted b3 the 6$ "o0ernment. The f rms 4 th n the ndustr3 thus are usuall3 amon" themsel0es tr3 n" to fulf ll the del 0er3 ass "ned to them b3 the Buota. These f rms usuall3 do not en"a"e n a battle to %apture mar,et. The3 tr3 of fulf ll the r ass "nment s that the3 %an "et that Buota the ne@t 3ear. $t ll there s a battle "o n" on to "et the e@%ess Buota that s at the 4 ll of '@port Pro%ess n" !ureau D'P!E for allotment. Thus 0er3 h "h le0el lobb n" ma3 be e@erted b3 these f rms. If there are an3 %onfl %ts amon" these f rms? that l es onl3 n terms of Bual t3 and pr %e f the r produ%t. Confl %t resolut ons ma3 ta,e the form of ne"ot at on e ther fa%e to fa%e or b3 the ntermed ar3 of !G#'A.

1=.1= Go-ernment Poli#ies and their effe#ts

Go0ernment pol %3 d re%tl3 affe%ts all the ndustr3 4 th n the %ountr3. R#G ndustr3? n th s %ase? s not an e@%ept on. Pol %3 underta,en b3 the Go0t. su%h as: - $lash n" of %ash subs d3 to the "arment 8 te@t le ndustr3. - Putt n" bars to mport threads? te@t le tems and other related apparels. - $toppa"e of the ta@ hol da3 pre0 ousl3 en/o3ed b3 th s se%tor. - *o re%ent reforms n Go0t. pol %3 re"ard n" the latest %han"e n the "lobal mar,et pla%e. - Relu%tan%e of Go0t. to set up ba%,4ard and for4ard l n,a"e ndustr3 to support th s se%tor.

- Inab l t3 of the Go0t. to set up modern tele%ommun %at on te%hnolo"3 and no pos t 0e step to mpro0e the e@ st n" nfrastru%ture. - !ureau%rat % s3stem and pol t %al lobb n" and pol t %al nstab l t3 about 4h %h "o0t. s Bu te slo4 to respond. - Restru%tur n" and br n" n" d3nam sm n the ban, n" and f nan% al se%tor. And these areas alon" 4 th man3 other Go0t. pol % es 4h %h do not seem to %ooperate 4 th the R#G ndustr3? 4h %h e0entuall3 putt n" our ndustr3 n a less %ompet t 0e pos t on n the 4orld mar,et.

1=.11 The fall of (orld trade #enter and its after effe#ts
The destru%t on of the 4orld trade %enter s not onl3 the destru%t on of the %enter tself but also the "reatest %atastrophe of the "lobal bus ness 4orld. ;ue to the $eptember? 11 o%%urren%e the 4orld e%onom3 e@per en%ed "reat re%ess on. The R#G se%tor 4orld 4 de has not been spared. As for the R#G ndustr3 of !an"ladesh t a%%ounted for "reat loss of the e%onom3. As a result there s no4- *o or less order for "arment produ%t - Refusal > re/e%t on of a%%ept n" pre0 ous order. - $top of pa3ment for the orders alread3 del 0ered. - Can%ellat on of lar"e orders b3 the 6$ and the '6. - Clos n" of about 1355 f rm out of 3&555 f rms. - Result of the %los n" s h "h emplo3ment and lo4 "o0t. re0enue.

1=.12 Poli#/ Re#ommended / the firm

The R#G ndustr3 of the de0elop n" %ountr es s at sta,e? for the om ss on of the #ult f ber A"reement D#-AE b3 the 3ear 2554. The R#G ndustr3 of !an"ladesh s a4are of th s threat. .ur %orrespond n" form has put for4ard some pol % es to fa%e the %hallen"es of open mar,et. - The Bual t3 aspe%t& n the open mar,et e%onom3 D255&E the f rm 4 ll ha0e to fa%e f er%e %ompet t on from around the 4orld. $o the f rm has ta,en the pol %3 of ma nta n n" and e0en better n" the r produ%t Bual t3 to %omplete the 4orld. - Pr %e fa%torF pr %e s another mportant sh eld for the f rm to f "ht the ne4 %hallen"e. The f rm 4 shes to pro0 de h "hest Bual t3 produ%t 4 th lo4est poss ble pr %e.

- #ar,et e@pans on& 4 thout the Buota fa% l t3 on? the f rm has to loo, for ne4 %ustomers and ne4 mar,ets. A "ood relat onsh p has to be bu lt 4 th present has to be bu lt 4 th present %l ents and potent al %l ents. The area of e@port should be spread outs de the 6$A? '6 and Canada? Austral a and Japan 4ould be a "ood mar,et. - Capa% t3 fa%tor& n the "lobal open mar,et e%onom3 the f rm ma3 reBu re to suppl3 hu"e Buant t3 of produ%ts. $o? f rm personnel dep %t h s des re to enhan%e the produ%t on %apa% t3 of the f rm. - T me 8 produ%t 0 t3F t me 4 ll be an mportant ssue n the future. T me del 0er n" of %ons "nment s a must for a f rm. - Produ%t d fferent at onF the f rm has to d fferent ate ts produ%ts and be more nno0at 0e f t has to %omplete 4 th other f rms 4 th n the nat on and outs de the nat on. Th s s 0er3 mportant for lur n" %ustomers 4ho prefer d3nam sm. - Cost redu%t onF to f "ht the "lobal %hallen"es the f rm must a%h e0e h "h produ%t 0 t3 and %ost redu%t on aspe%t s one of the mportant fa%tor of produ%t 0 t3. Ga n n" the des red produ%t 0 t3 out of the 4or, for%e s another mportant %r ter on of the f rm to be able to %omplete n the open mar,et.

11. +ur personal -ie0 on R!G "e#tor:

-rom the anal3s s of these %ompan es? 4e %an sa3 that some of the %ompan es n R#G se%tor are used to follo4 the r o4n rules and re"ulat on 4h %h are not full3 al ,e 4 th the standard rules and re"ulat ons pro0 ded b3 the author t es of !G#'A and other asso% at ons. And most of the %ompan es n R#G-se%tor are totall3 una4are about the =R# pol % es and ts pra%t %es. The3 are used to %ontrol the r 4or,ers and emplo3ees of the r o4n "u ded pol % es. 'Source: (nformation by inter ie)ing the company personnel*

12. Guidelines for :e-eloping a <uman Resour#e !anagement "trateg/:

-a%ed 4 th rap d %han"e or"an 9at ons need to de0elop a more fo%used and %oherent approa%h to mana" n" people. In /ust the same 4a3 a bus ness reBu res a mar,et n" or nformat on te%hnolo"3 strate"3 t also reBu res a human resour%e or people strate"3. In de0elop n" su%h a strate"3 t4o %r t %al Buest ons must be addressed.

+hat , nds of people do 3ou need to mana"e and run 3our bus ness to meet 3our strate" % bus ness ob/e%t 0esT +hat people pro"rams and n t at 0es must be des "ned and mplemented to attra%t? de0elop and reta n staff to %ompete effe%t 0el3T

In order to ans4er these Buest ons four ,e3 d mens ons of an or"an 9at on must be addressed. These are:

Culture: the bel efs? 0alues? norms and mana"ement st3le of the or"an 9at on .r"an 9at on: the stru%ture? /ob roles and report n" l nes of the or"an 9at on People: the s, ll le0els? staff potent al and mana"ement %apab l t3 =uman resour%es s3stems: the people fo%used me%han sms 4h %h del 0er the strate"3 emplo3ee sele%t on? %ommun %at ons? tra n n"? re4ards? %areer de0elopment? et%.

-reBuentl3 n mana" n" the people element of the r bus ness sen or mana"ers 4 ll onl3 fo%us on one or t4o d mens ons and ne"le%t to deal 4 th the others. T3p %all3? %ompan es reor"an 9e the r stru%tures to free mana"ers from bureau%ra%3 and dr 0e for more entrepreneur al fla r but then fa l to ad/ust the r tra n n" or re4ard s3stems. +hen the des red entrepreneur al beha0 or does not emer"e mana"ers freBuentl3 loo, %onfused at the apparent fa lure of the %han"es to del 0er results. The fa%t s that seldom %an 3ou fo%us on onl3 one area. +hat s reBu red s a strate" % perspe%t 0e a med at dent f3 n" the relat onsh p bet4een all four d mens ons. If 3ou reBu re an or"an 9at on 4h %h reall3 0alues Bual t3 and ser0 %e 3ou not onl3 ha0e to retra n staff? 3ou must also re0 e4 the or"an 9at on? re4ard? and appra sal and %ommun %at ons s3stems. The pa3 and re4ard s3stem s a %lass % problem n th s area. -reBuentl3 or"an 9at ons ha0e pa3ment s3stems 4h %h are des "ned around the 0olume of output produ%ed. If 3ou then see, to de0elop a %ompan3 4h %h emphas 9es the produ%t7s Bual t3 3ou must %han"e the pa3 s3stems. .ther4 se 3ou ha0e a %ontrad %t on bet4een 4hat the %h ef e@e%ut 0e s sa3 n" about Bual t3 and 4hat 3our pa3ment s3stem s en%oura" n" staff to do. 12.1%mplo/ee edu#ation? training and de-elopment: In "eneral? edu%at on s Sm nd preparat on7 and s %arr ed out remote from the a%tual 4or, area? tra n n" s the s3stemat % de0elopment of the att tude? ,no4led"e? s, ll pattern reBu red b3 a person to perform a " 0en tas, or /ob adeBuatel3 and de0elopment s Sthe "ro4th of the nd 0 dual n terms of ab l t3? understand n" and a4areness7. + th n an or"an 9at on all three are ne%essar3 n order to:

;e0elop 4or,ers to underta,e h "her-"rade tas,sF Pro0 de the %on0ent onal tra n n" of ne4 and 3oun" 4or,ers De.". as apprent %es? %ler,s? et%.EF Ra se eff % en%3 and standards of performan%eF #eet le" slat 0e reBu rements De.". health and safet3EF

Inform people D ndu%t on tra n n"? pre-ret rement %ourses? et%.EF

-rom t me to t me meet spe% al needs ar s n" from te%hn %al? le" slat 0e? and ,no4led"e need %han"es. #eet n" these needs s a%h e0ed 0 a the Stra n n" loop7. D$%hemat % a0a lable n P;0ers on. E The d a"nos s of other than %on0ent onal needs s %omple@ and often depends upon the ntu t on or personal e@per en%e of mana"ers and needs re0ealed b3 def % en% es. $our%es of nsp rat on n%lude:

Common sense t s often ob0 ous that ne4 ma%h nes? 4or, s3stems? tas, reBu rements and %han"es n /ob %ontent 4 ll reBu re 4or,ers to be preparedF $hort%om n"s re0ealed b3 stat st %s of output per head? performan%e nd %es? un t %osts? et%. and beha0 oral fa lures re0ealed b3 absentee f "ures? lateness? s %,ness et%. re%ordsF Re%ommendat ons of "o0ernment and ndustr3 tra n n" or"an 9at onsF Insp rat on and nno0at ons of nd 0 dual mana"ers and super0 sorsF -ore%asts and pred %t ons about staff n" needsF Insp rat ons prompted b3 the te%hn %al press? tra n n" /ournals? reports of the e@per en%e of othersF The su""est ons made b3 spe% al st De.". edu%at on and tra n n" off %ers? safet3 en" neers? 4or,-stud3 staff and mana"ement ser0 %es personnelE.

;es "n n" tra n n" s far more than de0 s n" %oursesF t %an n%lude a%t 0 t es su%h as:

:earn n" from obser0at on of tra ned 4or,ersF Re%e 0 n" %oa%h n" from sen orsF ; s%o0er3 as the result of 4or, n" part3? pro/e%t team membersh p or attendan%e at meet n"sF Job s4aps 4 th n and 4 thout the or"an 9at onF 6nderta, n" planned read n"? or follo4 from the use of self tea%h n" te@ts and 0 deo tapesF :earn n" 0 a n0ol0ement n resear%h? report 4r t n" and 0 s t n" other 4or,s or or"an 9at ons.

$o far as "roup tra n n" s %on%erned n add t on to formal %ourses there are:

:e%tures and tal,s b3 sen or or spe% al st mana"ersF ; s%uss on "roup D%onferen%e and meet n"E a%t 0 t esF !r ef n" b3 sen or staffsF

Role-pla3 n" e@er% ses and s mulat on of a%tual %ond t onsF A deo and %omputer tea%h n" a%t 0 t esF Case stud es Dand d s%uss onE tests? Bu 99es? panel S"ames7? "roup forums? obser0at on e@er% ses and nspe%t on and report n" te%hn Bues.

'0aluat on of the effe%t 0eness of tra n n" s done to ensure that t s %ost effe%t 0e? to dent f3 needs to mod f3 or e@tend 4hat s be n" pro0 ded? to re0eal ne4 needs and redef ne pr or t es and most of all to ensure that the ob/e%t 0es of the tra n n" are be n" met. The latter ma3 not be eas3 to as%erta n 4here results %annot be measured mathemat %all3. In the %ase of att tude and beha0 oral %han"es sou"ht? leadersh p ab l t es? dr 0e and amb t on fostered? et%.? a%h e0ement s a matter of the /ud"ment of sen or staffs. '@a%t 0al dat on m "ht be mposs ble but unless on the 4hole the /ud"ments are fa0orable the %ooperat on of mana"ers n dent f3 n" needs? releas n" personnel and ass st n" n tra n n" 0entures 4 ll %ease. In ma, n" the r /ud"ments sen or mana"ers 4 ll Buest on 4hether the efforts e@pended ha0e produ%ed:

#ore effe%t 0e? eff % ent? fle@ ble emplo3eesF -aster results n ma, n" ne4%omers ,no4led"eable and effe%t 0e than 4ould follo4 from e@per en%eF #ore effe%t 0e or eff % ent use of ma%h ner3? eBu pment and 4or, pro%eduresF -e4er reBu rements to mplement redundan%3 Db3 retra n n"EF -e4er a%% dents both personal and to propert3F Impro0ements n the Bual f %at ons of staff and the r ab l t3 to ta,e on tou"her rolesF

!etter emplo3ee lo3alt3 to the or"an 9at on 4 th more 4 ll n"ness to nno0ate and a%%ept %han"e. Corporate Cultural A4areness Tra n n" and Ass "nment Performan%e: 12.2 !anpo0er planning: The penalt es for not be n" %orre%tl3 staffed are %ostl3. 6nderstaff n" loses the bus ness e%onom es of s%ale and spe% al 9at on? orders? %ustomers and prof ts. .0erstaff n" s 4asteful and e@pens 0e? f susta ned? and t s %ostl3 to el m nate be%ause of modern le" slat on n respe%t of redundan%3 pa3ments? %onsultat on? m n mum per ods of not %e? et%. Aer3 mportantl3? o0erstaff n" redu%es the %ompet t 0e eff % en%3 of the bus ness. $taff n" le0el plann n" reBu res that an assessment of present and future needs of the or"an 9at on be %ompared 4 th present resour%es and future pred %ted resour%es. Appropr ate steps then be planned to br n" demand and suppl3 nto balan%e.

Thus the f rst step s to ta,e a Ssatell te p %ture7 of the e@ st n" 4or,for%e prof le Dnumbers? s, lls? a"es? fle@ b l t3? se@? e@per en%e? fore%ast %apab l t es? %hara%ter? potent al? et%. of e@ st n" emplo3eesE and then to ad/ust th s for 1? 3 and 15 3ears ahead b3 amendments for normal turno0er? planned staff mo0ements? ret rements? et%? n l ne 4 th the bus ness plan for the %orrespond n" t me frames. The result should be a ser es of %rude suppl3 s tuat ons as 4ould be the out%ome of present plann n" f left unmod f ed. DTh s? %learl3? reBu res a "reat deal of nformat on a%%ret on? %lass f %at on and stat st %al anal3s s as a subs d ar3 aspe%t of personnel mana"ement.E +hat future demands 4 ll be s onl3 nfluen%ed n part b3 the fore%ast of the personnel mana"er? 4hose ma n tas, ma3 4ell be to s%rut n 9e and mod f3 the %rude pred %t ons of other mana"ers. -uture staff n" needs 4 ll der 0e from:

$ales and produ%t on fore%asts The effe%ts of te%hnolo" %al %han"e on tas, needs Aar at ons n the eff % en%3? produ%t 0 t3? fle@ b l t3 of labor as a result of tra n n"? 4or, stud3? or"an 9at onal %han"e? ne4 mot 0at ons? et%. Chan"es n emplo3ment pra%t %es De.". use of sub%ontra%tors or a"en%3 staffs? h 0 n"-off tas,s? bu3 n" n? subst tut on? et%.E Aar at ons? 4h %h respond to ne4 le" slat on? e.". pa3roll ta@es or the r abol t on? ne4 health and safet3 reBu rements Chan"es n Go0ernment pol % es D n0estment n%ent 0es? re" onal or trade "rants? et%.E

+hat should emer"e from th s Sblue s,3 "a9 n"7 s a Sthou"ht out7 and lo" %al staff n" demand s%hedule for 0ar3 n" dates n the future 4h %h %an then be %ompared 4 th the %rude suppl3 s%hedules. The %ompar sons 4 ll then nd %ate 4hat steps must be ta,en to a%h e0e a balan%e. That? n turn? 4 ll n0ol0e the further plann n" of su%h re%ru tment? tra n n"? retra n n"? labor redu%t ons Dearl3 ret rement>redundan%3E or %han"es n 4or,for%e ut l 9at on as 4 ll br n" suppl3 and demand nto eBu l br um? not /ust as a oneoff but as a %ont nu n" 4or,for%e plann n" e@er% se the nputs to 4h %h 4 ll need %onstant 0ar3 n" to refle%t Sa%tual7 as a"a nst pred %ted e@per en%e on the suppl3 s de and %han"es n produ%t on a%tuall3 a%h e0ed as a"a nst fore%ast on the demand s de. 12.$ %mplo/ee moti-ation: To reta n "ood staff and to en%oura"e them to " 0e of the r best 4h le at 4or, reBu res attent on to the f nan% al and ps3%holo" %al and e0en ph3s olo" %al re4ards offered b3 the or"an 9at on as a %ont nuous e@er% se. !as % f nan% al re4ards and %ond t ons of ser0 %e De.". 4or, n" hours per 4ee,E are determ ned e@ternall3 Db3 nat onal bar"a n n" or "o0ernment m n mum 4a"e le" slat onE n man3

o%%upat ons but as mu%h as &5 per %ent of the "ross pa3 of manual 4or,ers s often the result of lo%al ne"ot at ons and deta ls De.". 4h %h part %ular hours shall be 4or,edE of %ond t ons of ser0 %e are often more mportant than the bas %s. =en%e there s s%ope for f nan% al and other mot 0at ons to be used at lo%al le0els. As staff n" needs 4 ll 0ar3 4 th the produ%t 0 t3 of the 4or,for%e Dand the ndustr al pea%e a%h e0edE so "ood personnel pol % es are des rable. The latter %an depend upon other fa%tors Dl ,e en0 ronment? 4elfare? emplo3ee benef ts? et%.E but unless the 4a"e pa%,et s a%%epted as Sfa r and /ust7 there 4 ll be no mot 0at on. =en%e 4h le the te%hn %al t es of pa3ment and other s3stems ma3 be the %on%ern of others? the out%ome of them s a matter of "reat %on%ern to human resour%e mana"ement. In%reas n"l3 the nfluen%e of beha0 oral s% en%e d s%o0er es s be%om n" mportant not merel3 be%ause of the 4 del3-a%,no4led"ed l m tat ons of mone3 as a mot 0ator? but be%ause of the %han" n" m @ and nature of tas,s De.". more ser0 %e and profess onal /obs and far fe4er uns, lled and repet t 0e produ%t on /obsE. The former demand better-edu%ated? mob le and mult -s, lled emplo3ees mu%h more l ,el3 to be nfluen%ed b3 th n"s l ,e /ob sat sfa%t on? n0ol0ement? part % pat on? et%. than the e%onom %all3 dependent emplo3ees of 3ester3ear. =en%e human resour%e mana"ement must a%t as a sour%e of nformat on about and a sour%e of nsp rat on for the appl %at on of the f nd n"s of beha0 oral s% en%e. It ma3 be a matter of dra4 n" the attent on of sen or mana"ers to 4hat s be n" a%h e0ed else4here and the "radual edu%at on of m ddle mana"ers to ne4 po nts of 0 e4 on /ob des "n? 4or, or"an 9at on and 4or,er autonom3. 12.& Performan#e appraisal: An or"an 9at on needs %onstantl3 to ta,e sto%, of ts 4or,for%e and to assess ts performan%e n e@ st n" /obs for three reasons:

1. To mpro0e or"an 9at onal performan%e 0 a mpro0 n" the performan%e of nd 0 dual %ontr butors Dshould be an automat % pro%ess n the %ase of "ood mana"ers? but Dabout annuall3E t4o ,e3 Buest ons should be posed:2. To dent f3 potent al? .e. to re%o"n 9e e@ st n" talent and to use that to f ll 0a%an% es h "her n the or"an 9at on or to transfer nd 0 duals nto /obs 4here better use %an be made of the r ab l t es or de0elop n" s, lls. o +hat has been done to mpro0e the performan%e of a person last 3earT
o

And 4hat %an be done to mpro0e h s or her performan%e n the 3ear to %omeTE.

3. To pro0 de an eBu table method of l n, n" pa3ment to performan%e 4here there are no numer %al %r ter a Doften th s salar3 performan%e re0 e4 ta,es pla%e about three months later and s ,ept Bu te separate from 1. and 2. but s based on the same assessmentE.

.n-the-spot mana"ers and super0 sors? not personnel mana"ement staffs? %arr3 out appra sals. The personnel role s usuall3 that of:

1. Ad0 s n" top mana"ement of the pr n% ples and ob/e%t 0es of an appra sal s3stem and des "n n" t for part %ular or"an 9at ons and en0 ronments. 2. ;e0elop n" s3stems appropr atel3 n %onsultat on 4 th mana"ers? super0 sors and staff representat 0es. $e%ur n" the n0ol0ement and %ooperat on of appra sers and those to be appra sed. 3. Ass stan%e n the sett n" of ob/e%t 0e standards of assessment? for e@ample:4. Publ % 9 n" the purposes of the e@er% se and e@pla n n" to staff ho4 the s3stem 4 ll be used.
o o o o

;ef n n" tar"ets for a%h e0ementF '@pla n n" ho4 to Buant f3 and a"ree ob/e%t 0esF Introdu% n" self-assessmentF 'l m nat n" %omple@ t3 and dupl %at on.

&. .r"an 9 n" and establ sh n" the ne%essar3 tra n n" of mana"ers and super0 sors 4ho 4 ll %arr3 out the a%tual appra sals. *ot onl3 tra n n" n pr n% ples and pro%edures but also n the human relat ons s, lls ne%essar3. D:a%, of %onf den%e n the r o4n ab l t3 to handle s tuat ons of poor performan%e s the ma n 4ea,ness of assessors.E (. #on tor n" the s%heme ensur n" t does not fall nto d suse? follo4 n" up on tra n n">/ob e@%han"e et%. re%ommendat ons? rem nd n" mana"ers of the r respons b l t es.

-ull-s%ale per od % re0 e4s should be a standard feature of s%hemes s n%e res stan%e to appra sal s%hemes s %ommon and the temptat on to 4ater do4n or render s%hemes neffe%tual s e0er present Dmana"ers resent the t me ta,en f noth n" elseE. !as %all3 an appra sal s%heme s a formal 9at on of 4hat s done n a more %asual manner an34a3 De.". f there s a 0a%an%3? d s%uss on about nternal mo0es and nternal attempts to put sBuare pe"s nto SsBuarer holes7 are both the results of %asual appra salE. #ost mana"ers appro0e mer t pa3ment and that too %alls for appra sal. #ade a standard rout ne tas,? t a ds the de0elopment of talent? 4arns the neff % ent or un%ar n" and %an be an effe%t 0e form of mot 0at on.

1$. Pro lems of Garments "e#tors:

1$.1 9a#) of training and de-elopment:
:a%, of suff % ent tra n n" and de0elopment pro"rams n R#G se%tor.

1$.2 9a#) of <R! poli#ies and pra#ti#es:

Compan es are un4 ll n" to follo4 the proper =R# pol % es and pro"rams to de0elop the r 4or,ers and emplo3ees

1$.$ 9o0er Compensation Pa#)age:

.ur Garments $e%tor are "ett n" 0er3 %heap rate labor 8 the3 are 0er3 mu%h "nored about fa% l tate them 4 th sound salar3 8 benef t pa%,a"es.

1$.& 9a#) of !oti-ation:

.ur R#G emplo3ees are relu%tant of "ett n" adeBuate mot 0at on from the r emplo3ers for mpro0 n" themsel0es

1$.. (or) under pressure:

+or,ers ha0e to meet demands 4hene0er the3 ha0e to produ%e for e@port sh pp n" as the r top mana"ement7s orders to do n a l m ted t me.

1$.1 %@pensi-e +rientation Programs 'eeded:

Th s s not as mu%h of a problem for lar"e nternat onal bus ness enterpr ses as t s for small and med um s 9e %ompan es that %ompete n the "lobal arena. $maller %ompan es often do not ha0e the f nan% al means to establ sh su%h pro"rams. $maller %ompan es %an send the r e@patr ate %and dates to a pr 0ate tra n n" nst tut on? but th s s also %ostl3. Net? 4 thout su%h tra n n"? small f rm7s e@patr ates are l ,el3 to ma,e %ostl3 blunders n %ondu%t n" bus ness %an somet mes o0er%ome th s d ff %ult3 b3 enter n" nto a partnersh p 4 th a %apable f rm n the fore "n mar,et.

1$.3 Communi#ation Pro lems:

The 4or,er ma3 en%ounter %ommun %at on problems n the h erar%h3. Th s la%, also mpa rs performan%e.

1$.5 Aer/ %@pensi-e In#enti-es ReBuired:

To "et these h "hl3 Bual f ed people to a%%ept a ass "nment? 0er3 e@pens 0e n%ent 0es? su%h as mu%h h "her salar es and benef ts? are often reBu red.

1$.8 9o#ation:
$omet mes te%hn %al 4or,ers as 4ell Compan es also fa%e problems to h re them f the3 s tuated at d fferent lo%at on? n that %ase the3 most of %ases don7t pro0 de transport fa% l t es or pa3 n" an e@tra amount for %on0en en%e.

1&. Re#ommendations:
1. Pro0 de sound Compensat on Pa%,a"e 2. Pro0 de appropr ate #ot 0at on 3. #a, n" +or, en0 ronment more fr endl3 to 4or, happ l3 under pressure 4. .r entat on Pro"rams needed b3 mmed ate super ors not 4 th mu%h broader s de.

&. Commun %at on should be al4a3s 4 th mmed ate super or 4ho 4 ll re%ommend h s>her super or. That means ma nta n n" h erar%h3. (. Pro0 de transport fa% l t3 for te%hn %al emplo3ees or pro0 de hous n" fa% l t3. ). #a, n" people understand that the3 are part of the produ%t on pro%ess? so the3 are 0er3 mportant to .r"an 9at on 8 '%onom3 of Countr3 for ta, n" from them the best performan%e.

1.. Con#lusion:
-rom abo0e d s%uss on 4e %an see that toda3 mult nat onal %ompan37s %ompet tor n%rease and to a%h e0e %ompet t 0e ad0anta"e the3 need to e@pand the r bus ness and then the3 use malleable %heap rate emplo3ees. Thou"h t7s a lar"er %ontr but n" se%tor of our e%onom3? 4e f nd t 0er3 lo4er toleran%es for the r emplo3ees? so these th n"s should be ta,en %are of for the betterment of our R#G Industr es produ%t 0e de0elopment as 4ell as the r people7s mpro0ement of l 0el hood 8 n%rease eff % en%3 8 effe%t 0eness. .n the other hand? ea%h and e0er3 %ompan3 n "arments se%tor should ha0e proper and 4ell planned $=R# pol % es and the r pra%t %es n the r e0er3 fun%t onal le0el of operat on. Then 4e %an ensure to "et a more de0eloped 8 e%onom %all3 stron" %ountr3 of us.

Part $: APP%':IC:
<uest onna re: DA0a lable upon reBuestE. ! bl o"raph3 > Referen%e: Class le%ture ;r. #d. Abdul =annan # a? -C#A. $% ent f % method and $o% al Resear%h !.*.Ghosh.

!us ness Resear%h #ethod. !3 ;onald R. Cooper? and Pamela $.$%h ndler. !us ness Resear%h #ethod b3 +.P n,mund. Art %le of ;r.#ahbubur Rahaman. R#G $e%tor and Its -uture. 2555. =uman Resour%e #ana"ement. DA $trate" % Approa%hE !3 + ll am P. Anthon3? Pamela :. Perre4e and I. # %hele Ia%mar. : st of Garments Compan es from 4h %h 4e %olle%t data.DA0a lable upon reBuestE