Turbine oil system

OIL SUPPLY A single oil supply line lubricates and cools the bearing, governs the m/c and operates the hydraulic actuators and sa ety and protective devices! "uring start#up $ shut#do%n, au& oil pump supplies the control oil! Once the turbine speed is more than '()* rpm, the main oil pump +,!O!P- ta.es over! It dra%s oil rom main tan. !The lubricating oil passes through oil cooler, be ore can be supplied to the bearing +Under emergency, lube oil can be supplied by a "/ oil pump-!0e ore the turbine is turned or barred, 1ac.ing oil pump +' nos!- supplies high pressure oil to the 2ac. up the T3 sha t to prevent boundary lubrication and also supplies high pressure oil to drive the hydraulic motor+turning gear-

'-Turbine lubricating oil system 4unction5 6! Provides a supply o oil to 2ournal bearings to give an oil %edge as the sha t rotates! '! ,aintains the temperature o turbine bearings constant at the re7uired level! 8! Provides a medium or hydraulically operating the governor gear and controlling the steam admission valves! 9! Provides or hydrogen cooled generators a sealing medium to prevent hydrogen lea.ing out along the sha t!

8-,ain components 6- ,ain Oil Pump '-Au&iliary Oil Pump 8- :mergency Oil Pump 9- 1ac.ing Oil Pump )- ,ain Oil Tan. +,OT;- /entri ugal

8!6- ,ain Oil Pump This pump is located at the ront bearing pedestal o the <P turbine! It is coupled to the turbine rotor through a gear coupling! =hen the turbine is running at a normal speed o 8***rpm, then the desired 7uantity o oil to the governing systems and the lubrication systems is supplied by this pump!

8!'-Au&iliary Oil Pump Au&iliary Oil Pump can meet the re7uirements o lubrication system under emergency conditions One stage vertical centri ugal pump driven by an A!/! electric motor! It has radial impeller and volute casing! The pump automatically ta.es over under interloc. action %henever the oil pressure in the lubrication system ails belo% certain desired level!

8!8- :mergency Oil Pump :mergency oil pump has been oreseen by as a bac.#up protection to A/ driven standby oil pump! This is a centri ugal pump, driven by "/ electric motor! This automatically cuts in %henever there is a ailure o A/ supply at po%er station

8!9-1ac.ing Oil Pump5 1OP ensures that there is no metal contact bet%een a 2ournal and the bearing! Positive displacement pumps that provide high pressure supply o oil under strategic 2ournals o the turbo generator and oil li ts the sha t slightly! This greatly reduces the static riction and bearing %ear! The 1OP can be stopped a ter the lubricating oil ilm is established bet%een the sha t and bearings! Pressure produced is 6'* bars

8!)- ,ain oil tan. The oil used or lubrication is stored in the ,ain Oil Tan.! /apacity #'*/8' m8! The ,ain Oil Tan. holds the oil inside the tan. or a period long enough to ensure liberation o air rom the oil! 4ilters are located inside the tan. to ilter the oil during its normal course! The oil tan. is supported on a ramed structure 2ust belo% the turbine loor at the le t hand side o the turbine!

1ournal5The part o a sha t or a&le that rests on bearings! A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion and reduces riction bet%een moving parts to only the desired motion!

0ASI/ ,:/<A>I/AL PO=:? T?A>S,ISSIO> ":@I/:S /LASSI4I/ATIO> "epending upon the direction o load to be supported5# 0ased on this criteria, the bearings may be categoriAed into! a- ?adial 0earings5#These are also .no%n as 1ournal 0earings! In these bearings the main load is perpendicular to the a&is o rotation o the moving element! b- Thrust 0earings5#In these bearings the load acts

0earings and Lubrication T%o types o bearings are used to support and locate the rotors o steam turbines5 1ournal bearings are used to support the %eight o the turbine rotors! A 2ournal bearing consists o t%o hal # cylinders that enclose the sha t and are internally lined %ith 0abbitt, a metal alloy usually consisting o tin, copper and antimonyB and Thrust bearings a&ially locate the turbine rotors! A thrust bearing is made up o a series o 0abbitt lined pads that run against a locating dis. attached to the turbine rotor! <igh#pressure oil is in2ected into the bearings to provide lubrication! The oil is care ully iltered to remove solid particles! Specially designed centri uges remove any %ater rom the oil!

Turning gear Large steam turbines are e7uipped %ith Cturning gearD to slo%ly rotate the turbines a ter they have been shut do%n and %hile they are cooling! This evens out the temperature distribution around the turbines and prevents bo%ing o the rotors!