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1.Personal Pronouns
Here are the personal pronouns, followed by some example sentences: number person Gender personal pronouns
subject // antes do verbo Object // depois do verbo
singular
me => eu, me you => voc, tu him => ele,ele her => ela, ela it => ele/ela(coisa) us => ns, nos you => vs, vocs them => eles, elas
Plural
Examples (in each case, the first example shows a subject pronoun, the second an object pronoun): I like coffee. John helped me. Do you like coffee? John loves you. He runs fast. Did Ram beat him? She is clever. Does Mary know her? It doesn't work. Can the engineer repair it? We went home. Anthony drove us. Do you need a table for three? Did John and Mary beat you at doubles? They played doubles. John and Mary beat them. We also often use it to talk about the weather, temperature, time and distance:
Adjective vem do latim ad ao lado de + jacre pr, deitar. Ou seja, adjective palavra que se deita ao lado de outra. O adjetivo se deita ou posto ao lado de um substantivo. Pronoun vem do latim pro em lugar de + nomen nome. Ou seja, pronoun colocado no lugar de um nome. O pronome posto no lugar de um substantivo, substituindoo. Relembro a voc que o substantivo tambm chamado de nome como na concordncia nominal na qual h concordncia de gnero, nmero e nome. Possessive vem do latim possessvus que indica possesso, do verbo possidre possuir.
Agora que voc est ntimo dos termos gramaticais, vejamos os Possessive Adjectives e os Possessive Pronouns na tabela abaixo:
Pessoas
Possessive Adjectives //junto do substantivo Possessive Pronouns //quando no vem junto substantivo
Traduo
Meu(s), minha(s) Teu(s), tua(s), seu(s), sua(s), de voc Dele(s), seu(s), sua(s) Dela(s), seu(s), sua(s) Dele(s), dela(s), seu(s), sua(s) Nosso(s), nossa(s) Vosso(s), vossa(s), seu(s), sua(s), de vocs Dele(s), dela(s), seu(s), sua(s)
They
Their
Theirs
Os possessive adjectives no se flexionam, ou seja, valem tanto para o singular como para o plural. Empregue os possessive adjectives antes de substantivos (possessive
adjective + substantivo):
My car, my cars Your car, your cars His car, his cars Their car, their cars
Os possessive pronouns no se flexionam, ou seja, valem tanto para o singular como para o plural. Empregue os possessive pronouns para substituir a combinao (possessive adjective + substantivo), para evitar repeties:
My car is blue, yours is red. (Em vez de My car is blue, your car is red.) Your car is red, mine is blue. (em vez de Your car is red, my car is blue.) His car is green, hers is pink (em vez de His car is green, her car is pink.) He is a friend of mine. (Ele um dos meus amigos.) She is wearing a dress of hers. (Ela est usando um dos vestidos dela. / Ela est usando um dos seus vestidos.)
Ateno: Os Possessive Pronouns nunca so usados antes de substantivo, pois sua funo substitui-lo.
subject form
object form
possessive adjective
possessive pronoun
Me
my
Mine
You
You
your
Yours
He
Him
his
His
She
Her
her
Hers
It
It
its
Its
we
us
our
Ours
you
you
your
Yours
they
them
their
Theirs
EXERCISES (EXECCIOS)
1)Escolha o pronome mais adequado e preencha os espaos em branco. A)She decided to buy some flowers for B)We left for the farm with... C)He hired..... (She,hers,her) ......mother.(Her,she,hers)
....families.(Us,our,we)
D)They found. .....mistake.(They,them,their) E)I won... F)It has ..first award in 2001.(I,my,mine) .....ups and downs.(It,its)
Mini-Teste
Observe as palavras grifadas abaixo e diga se elas so possessive adjectives ou possessive pronouns.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
This book is ours. These copybooks are theirs. Its house is clean. These cars are hers. Alessandro and Adir are friends of ours. This is its bone. He was an enemy of his. These are our books. She is a relative of mine. His car is mine now. 1. Este livro nosso. 2. Estes cadernos so deles. 3. Sua casa est limpa. 4. Estes carros so dela. 5. Alessandro e Adir so amigos nossos.
6. Este o seu osso. 7. Ele era um inimigo dele. 8. Estes so os nossos livros. 9. Ela um parente meu. 10. Seu carro meu agora. 3. Love Of My Life ( Queen)
1 Love of ______ ( MINE-ME-MY) life, you've hurt me 2 You've broken my heart, now _______(YOU-YOUR) leave ______( ME- MINE). 3 Love of ________( MINE-MY) life can't you see, 4 Bring it back bring it back, 5 Don't take it away from me, 6 Because you don't know 7 What it means to _______ ( MINE-ME). 8 Love of my life don't leave ________( MY-MINE-ME), 9 You've taken my love, you now desert me, 10 Love of my life can't _______( YOUR-YOURS-YOU) see, 11 Bring ______ ( IT-ITS) back bring it back, 12 Don't take it away from me, 13 Because you don't know 14 What it means to me. 15 You will remember 16 When this is blown over, 17 And everythings all by the way, 18 When I grow older, 19 I will be there at your side, 20 To remind you how I still love you 21 I still love_______ (YOU-YOUR-YOURS) 22 Hurry back hurry back 23 Don't take it away from me, 24 Because you don't know 25 What it means to me 26 Love of my life 27Yeah... 4. Content:
Personal Pronouns; Subject Pronouns; Adjective pronouns; Possessive pronouns.
Anyone who have a love close to this Knows what I'm saying Anyone who wants a dream to come true Knows how I'm feeling All _________ (I YOU) can think of
All _______ ( I-YOU) imagine Is heaven on earth I know ________'s ( IT-ITS) you Anyone who ever kissed in the rain Knows the whole meaning Anyone who ever stood in the light Needs no explaining
But everything more or less Appears so meaningless, Blue and cold Walking alone Through the afternoon traffic, I miss _______ ( YOU-YOUR) so
Anyone who felt like _______ (I-YOU) do Anyone who wasn't ready to fall Anyone who loved like I do Knows _________ ( IT-ITS) never really happens at all It's over when it's over What can I do about ________( IT- ITS) Now that it's over
Everything more or less Is looking so meaningless And fades to grey Lying awake in an ocean of teardrops, ___________( I-YOU) float away
Anyone who ever felt like I do Anyone who wasn't ready to fall Anyone who loved like I do Knows _________( IT-ITS) never really happens at all It's over when it's over What can I do about ____________( IT-ITS) Now that it's all over
Verbo to be am are is
are
O verbo to be pode ser abreviado. As abreviaes so utilizadas na fala, visto que informal fazer abreviaes. Na escrita, dispensam-se abreviaes. Observe:
're
Para transformar um verbo em Present Continuous, a adio do ing, h que se observar algumas regras:
VERBOS DE UMA SLABA (OU DUAS, DESDE QUE A LTIMA SEJA TNICA, TERMINADOS NA SEQUNCIA CONSOANTE-VOGAL-CONSOANTE): dobra-se a ltima letra e acrescenta-se ing
Sarah is running very fast. (Sarah est He is stopping at the corner. (Ele est parando na esquina.)
Obs.: Em ingls britnico, dobra-se a consoante L => travel (viajar): travelling EXCEO: No se dobram as consoantes w e x:
Wait! I am playing video game. (Espere! Eu estou jogando Look! He is saying something. (Olhe! Ele est dizendo alguma coisa.)
Ex.: This exercise is difficult. Im trying to do it. (Esse exerccio difcil. Eu estou tentando faz -lo.) Oh my God, she is crying. ( meu Deus, ela est chorando.) VERBOS TERMINADOS EM IE: troca-se o ie por y e acrescenta-se ing
EXERCCIOS
1 Para formar o gerndio em ingls, acrescenta-se a terminao ING no final dos verbos, porm h algumas regras e excees. Marque a alternativa que tenha todos os verbos na forma correta do gerndio. a) to play playing / to love loving / to stop stopping / to agree agreeing b) to play plaing / to love loveing / to stop stoping / to agree agreeing c) to play plaing / to love loving / to stop stopping / to agree agreing d) to play playing / to love loving / to stop stoping / to agree agring 2 Quanto ao estudo do Present Continuous, marque a alternativa que tenha a forma correta de uma frase nesse tempo verbal: a) Paul is work in the garden at this moment. b) Paul is working in the garden at this moment.
c) Paul working in the garden at this moment. d) Paul are working in the garden at this moment. 3 Marque a alternativa que complete corretamente as frases a seguir no Present continuous: I The woman ________ (to wear) black clothes. II Those boys ____________ (to look) at you. a) wearing / looking b) is wear / are look c) are wearing / is looking d) is wearing / are looking 4 Qual a forma negativa da frase Our children are facing serious problems? a) Not our children are facing serious problems. b) Our children not are facing serious problems. c) Our children are not facing serious problems. d) Our children arent are facing serious problems. 5 Qual a forma interrogativa da frase The cat is running around the table? a) Running the cat is around the table? b) Is the cat running around the table? c) The is cat running around the table? d) The cat is running around the table? 6 A frase My sisters work so much no Present Continuous seria: a) My sisters are work so much. b) My sisters working so much. c) My sisters is working so much. d) My sisters are working so much.
They did not wash the car this weekend. (Eles no lavaram o carro esse fim de semana). We didnt send e-mails to our parents. (Ns no mandamos e-mails para os nossos pais). I didnt see Jack at the party yesterday. (Eu no vi o Jack na festa ontem). She did not cut her nails. (Ela no cortou suas unhas). Nas frases interrogativas, assim como nas negativas, necessrio utilizar o auxiliar did, logo, vale relembrar que o verbo nunca deve vir conjugado. Na construo de frases interrogativas, coloca-se primeiro o auxiliar did, seguido do sujeito + verbo no infinitivo sem to + complemento. Did Mary and Carol go to the mall last week? (A Mary e a Carol foram ao shopping semana passada?). Did Phillip buy his mother a gift? (O Philip comprou um presente para a sua me?). Did Amanda sing at the festival? (A Amanda cantou no festival?). Did John give you all this money? (O John lhe deu todo este dinheiro?).
EXERCISES 1.Complete com o tempo verbal adequado as frases abaixo: a) Francis ________________ home yesterday.(to leave) b) I ________________ to Guaruj last week. (to go) c) She ________________ that house a year ago.(to buy) d) Mark ________________ to you last month.(to write)
02. The Brazilian football team _______________ to Venezuela last week. a) flew b) fly c) flown d) flying e) have flown
a) hear / said b) heard / says c) hear / say d) heard / said e) hearing /saying
06. The little boy ______ the picture of a garden at school last Monday. a) draw b) draws c) drawn d) drew e) drawing
07. My mother is not very patient. I wish she _____________ our problems. a) understood b) understands c) will understand d) can understand e) may understand
08. Yesterday, while he _______ down the street, he _______ an old friend of his. a) has walked / met b) walked / had met c) was walking / met d) walked / was meeting e) walks / met
09. I wish I _______ more money: I would buy a new flat. a) earn
10. The British Ambassador to Paris _______ his first public speech. a) makes b) make c) is making d) made e) to make
Diferentemente dos regular verbs, os irregular verbs so assim chamados exatamente por possurem formas diferentes se conjugados no passado. Para muitos, essa uma das partes mais chatas do ingls, pois a nica opo que o estudante tem a de memorizar esses verbos, porm at mesmo os falantes natos da lngua inglesa precisam eventualmente, de um dicionrio para auxili-los na conjugao de certos verbos. Ex: I brought this gift to you. = Eu trouxe esse presente pra voc. I sold an electric guitar. = Eu vendi uma guitarra. Verbos Irregulares
Base Form
BE
Portuguese Translation
BEAT BECOME BEGIN BITE BLEED BLOW BREAK BRING BUILD BUY CATCH CHOOSE COME COST CUT DEAL DIG DO DRAW DRINK DRIVE EAT FALL FEED FEEL FIGHT FIND FLY FORBID FORGET
beat became began bit bled blew broke brought built bought caught chose came cost cut dealt dug did drew drank drove ate fell fed felt fought found flew forbade forgot
beaten become begun bitten bled blown broken brought built bought caught chosen come cost cut dealt dug done drawn drunk driven eaten fallen fed felt fought found flown forbidden forgotten
Bater Tornar-se Comear Morder Sangrar, ter hemorragia Assoprar, explodir Quebrar Trazer Construir Comprar Pegar, capturar Escolher Vir Custar Cortar Negociar, tratar Cavar, cavocar Fazer Desenhar Beber Dirigir, ir de carro Comer Cair Alimentar Sentir, sentir-se Lutar Achar, encontrar Voar, pilotar Proibir Esquecer
FORGIVE FREEZE GET GIVE GO GROW HAVE HEAR HIDE HIT HOLD KEEP KNOW LAY LEAVE LEND LIE LOSE MAKE MEAN MEET PAY PUT QUIT READ RIDE RING RISE RUN SAW
forgave froze got gave went grew had heard hid hit held kept knew laid left lent lay lost made meant met paid put quit read rode rang rose ran sawed
forgiven frozen gotten given gone grown had heard hidden hit held kept known laid left lent lain lost made meant met paid put quit read ridden rung risen run sawn
Perdoar Congelar, paralisar Obter Dar Ir Crescer, cultivar Ter Ouvir Esconder Bater Segurar Guardar, manter Saber, conhecer Colocar em posio horizontal, assentar Deixar, partir Dar emprestado Deitar Perder, extraviar Fazer, fabricar Significar, querer dizer Encontrar, conhecer Pagar Colocar Abandonar Ler Andar Tocar (campainha, etc.) Subir, erguer-se Correr, concorrer, dirigir Serrar
SAY SEE SELL SEND SHAKE SHINE SHOOT SHOW SHRINK SHUT SING SINK SIT SLEEP SPEAK SPEND SPREAD STAND STEAL STRIKE SWEAR SWEEP SWIM SWING TAKE TEACH TELL THINK THROW UNDERSTAND
said saw sold sent shook shone shot showed shrank shut sang sank sat slept spoke spent spread stood stole struck swore swept swam swung took taught told thought threw understood
said seen sold sent shaken shone shot shown shrunk shut sung sunk sat slept spoken spent spread stood stolen struck sworn swept swum swung taken taught told thought thrown understood
Dizer Ver Vender Mandar, enviar Sacudir, tremer Brilhar, reluzir Atirar, alvejar Mostrar, exibir Encolher, contrair Fechar, cerrar Cantar Afundar, submergir Sentar Dormir Falar Gastar Espalhar Parar de p, agentar Roubar Golpear, desferir, atacar Jurar, prometer, assegurar Varrer Nadar Balanar, alternar Pegar, levar, tomar Ensinar, dar aula Contar Pensar Atirar, arremessar Entender
2. Construa cinco frases que possuam verbos irregulares. ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 6. Present Perfect Tense
Usamos o "Present Perfect Tense" para nos referirmos a algo que aconteceu no passado, mas que mantm algum tipo de conexo com o presente. O verbo principal encontra-se no "Past Participle". Quando usamos o "Present Perfect", estamos pensando no passado e no presente ao mesmo tempo, tanto que podemos modificar uma sentena no "Present Perfect", transformando-a em uma frase no "Simple Present" sem alterar seu sentido. Veja: I've broken my arm. (=My arm is broken now.) . O "Present Perfect Tense", porm, no usado quando no nos referimos ao presente: I missed the bus yesterday. ( e no I have missed the bus yesterday) . O "Present Perfect Tense" tambm usado quando nos referimos s consequncias que aes consumadas tm no presente: Suzy has had a baby. [Isto significa que, agora (em virtude de uma ao passada), Suzy tem um filho.] George has shot his girlfriend. [Isto significa que, agora (em virtude de uma ao passada), a namorada de George est morta.] . Tambm usamos o "Present Perfect Tense" para afirmarmos e/ou perguntarmos/negarmos se algo j aconteceu alguma vez, se j aconteceu antes, se nunca aconteceu, se aconteceu at certa data, se no aconteceu at certo perodo, se algo ainda no aconteceu. Alguns exemplos (note que a traduo dos exemplos impossvel de ser feita conservando-se as nuances do tempo, particular lngua inglesa): Have you ever seen Elvis Presley? (=voc j viu, alguma vez, o Elvis?) I've never seen Elvis Presley. (=eu nunca vi Elvis Presley) I think I've already done it. (=eu acho que eu j fiz isso)
He has written shut up' for one hour. (=ele escreveu shut up' durante uma hora) Has Lyndon come yet? (=o Lyndon j veio?) . O "Present Perfect Tense" pode indicar aes que tiveram incio no passado e vm acontecendo at o presente: I've studied mathematics for years. (=eu venho estudando matemtica por muitos anos) I've tried to call you since two o'clock. (=tenho tentado te ligar desde as duas horas) She's known him since 1897. (e nunca She knows him since 1897) . Nunca usamos o "Present Perfect Tense" em sentenas em que existam advrbios de tempo definido, tais como yesterday, last week, then, twenty years ago, in 1764 etc. . Quando queremos nos referir a aes que comearam no passado e ainda continuam acontecendo, podemos lanar mo de um outro tipo de construo, alm do prprio "Present Perfect Tense", chamada "Present Perfect Progressive". Sua forma se d da seguinte maneira: We've been studying since eight o'clock in the morning. (=estamos estudando desde as oito horas da manh) Porm, damos preferncia ao "Present Perfect Tense" quando nos referimos a aes mais permanentes e/ou duradouras. O "Present Perfect Progressive" prefervel quando as aes so mais efmeras: That man's been standing there all day long. That huge castle's stood there for 1200 years.
Oh, devoted for life Make a beautiful wife She's not me If you spend some more I guarantee you will find time ( find - finds) She's not me I know I can do it better If someone wants ( want - wants) to pimp your style And hang with you athings little while And make up all the you lack You're gonna have to watch it She's not me She doesn't have my name She'll never have what havebe the same It won't be the same, it I won't Never let you forget She's She's not not me me, and she never will be Never let you forget She's She's not not me me, and she never will be Got a funny way of bullshit showingsaying your feelings I guess it was some you love me, love me Guess my expectation hit the ceiling When it come back it would just trust me, trust me Wendy She's not me She's She's not not me me, and she never will be ( 3x) Written Activity Content: Simple present 2. Simple Future 3. Simple past 4. Present continuous
1.
*Mark the correct answer: 1-The little girl _____ holding three big computers. Am B) is C) are D) will 2-No site de relacionamento do twitter, aparece frequentemente a seguinte frase: Discover whats happening right now, anywhere in the world. Podemos afirmar que esta frase est no:
A. a.
b) Simple future
c) Simple past
d) Present
A frase: Twitter is a rich source of instant information. Stay updated. Keep others updated, est escrita no: a. Simple present b) Simple future c) Simple past d) Present continuous 4-Na frase: Didnt you find the people you were looking for?, podemos afirmar que:
1. a.
Est no future simples, pela presena do verbo TO BE ( were) b. Est no passado simples, pela presena do auxiliar DID e do verbo to be no passado.
Encontra-se no presente contnuo, pelo uso do ING no verbo LOOK. d. Est no presente simples, pois o verbo TO BE se faz presente na frase.
c.
5.
I) O futuro simples uma forma verbal comumente utilizada para expressar eventos que ainda no aconteceram, estando estes situados depois do ato de fala, ou da escrita. O futuro simples em ingls construdo pelo verbo modal ou auxiliar DID, ou pelo menos comum WILL ou SHALL, seguido do verbo principal no infinitivo, sem to.
II) O presente simples uma forma verbal comumente utilizada para expressar eventos que ainda no aconteceram, estando estes situados depois do ato de fala, ou da escrita. Para fazermos perguntas no presente simples, devemos utilizar o DID ou o DOES no incio da pergunta.
III) O presente simples uma forma verbal comumente utilizada para expressar eventos acontecem com certa frequncia. Para fazermos perguntas no presente simples, geralmente utilizamos o auxiliar DO ou DOES no incio das mesmas.
IV) O presente contnuo formado pelo verbo auxiliar WILL + verbo principal com o ING ( que equivale no portugus ao ando, endo, indo).
Podemos depreender as seguintes assertivas: Apenas I e II esto corretas. b. Apenas I e III esto corretas. c. Apenas a III est correta. d. Apenas I e IV esto correta.
a.
6.
No. Pois a frase uma pergunta e deveria ser utilizado o auxiliar DO e no WILL. b. No. Pois faltou colocar o auxiliar DO depois do WILL.
a.
Sim. Pois a frase uma pergunta feita no futuro e, sempre utilizamos o Will para interrogarmos nesse tempo verbal. d. Sim. Pois a frase uma pergunta feita no futuro sempre devemos utilizar o Will. Inclusive, poderamos substituir o Will por um SHALL.
c.
7.
O presente contnuo:
um tempo verbal que mostra movimento, algo que est acontecendo. Uma ao que ocorre no momento da construo da frase. Este tempo verbal indica a continuidade da ao. b. um tempo verbal que mostra movimento, algo que acontecer em um futuro prximo. c. um tempo verbal que mostra a frequncia de determinada ao. d. um tempo verbal que mostra o trmino de uma ao. No presente contnuo, sempre utilizamos o ING no verbo principal da frase.
a.
8.
Est no passado simples a seguinte frase: a) She is teaching Portuguese now. b) A few years ago the internet didn't exist. c) I will go to work in that computer shop. b) We shall buy that netbook.
9- Sobre os verbos irregulares, podemos afirmar que: so aqueles verbos que no seguem a regra geral de formao do Passado e do Particpio Passado. A formao do Past e do Past Participle, de acordo com a regra geral, que se aplica a todos os demais verbos, se d atravs do sufixo -ED. Portanto, todo verbo que no seguir este padro, ser classificado de irregular. b. So todos os verbos que recebem ED, no passado. c. So verbos que sempre devem ser usados com o ING. d. So aqueles verbos conhecidos em lngua inglesa como verbos auxiliares.
a.
1.
b) The year after next is 2002. c) The day after tomorrow is Thursday. d) The month after next is October. 11- Qual a sentena incorreta quanto ao uso do tempo verbal? They lived in Salvador in 1999. b. Jane watches TV yesterday afternoon. c. George always plays computer games in the afternoon. d. Gandhi died in 1948.
a.
12-Qual pergunta-resposta est correta quanto ao uso do Simple Past? a) The weather was good? Yes, it wasn't b) Was the weather good? Yes, it was c) Did the weather was good? Yes, it did d) Did was the weather good? Yes, it was 13- Em relao ao passado simples, est correta a seguinte frase:
a.
b) Did Richard play volleyball tomorrow? c) Did he lived in Viena? Yes, he did lived. d) I did lived in New York. 14-Pautando-se nos conhecimentos gramaticais sobre o presente contnuo, est incorreta a seguinte assertiva:
a. b. c. d.
You're not going to stay in Mexico. Are you studying English this afternoon? She's going to London in 2003. I studying in the morning.
Prepositions
Commonly used prepositions Aboard About Above Across After Against Along Among Around At Before Behind Below Beneath Beside Besides Between Beyond But (meaning except) By Concerning Down During Except For a bordo, dentro sobre acima de atravs de depois contra ao longo entre ao redor de em, por, para antes atrs abaixo abaixo ao lado alm de entre alm de exceto por relativo a atravs de, em baixo de durante exceto por, em vez de From In Inside Into Like Near Of Off On Out Over Past Since Through Throughout Till To Toward Under Until Up Upon With Within Without de onde em dentro em, dentro como perto de perto de, fora de sobre, em para fora sobre depois de desde atravs de em toda parte at para em direo a abaixo at para cima sobre com em, dentro de sem, fora de
1 He mad e his esca pe by jump ing ____ __ a wind ow and jump ing ____ __ a waiti ng car. over / into between / into out of / between out of / into up to / out of
you have to go ____ __ thos e stairs and then ____ __ the corri dor to the end. over / into between / into out of / between out of / into up / along
At Through With
4 I coul dn't get in ____ __ the door so I had to clim b ____ __ a wind ow. through / in between / into out of / between out of / into up / along
her pock et and put it ____ ____ the lock. over / into between / into out of / in by / on up to / out of
6 He drov e ____ __ me with out stop ping and drov e off ____ __ the centr e of town . from / into
7 I took the old card ____ __ the com pute r and put ____ __ the new one. through / in out of / in out of / between out of / into up / along
and aske d him the best way to get ____ __ town . from / into towards / over along / up by / on up to / out of
9 It's unlu cky to walk ____ __ a ladd er in my cultu re. I alwa ys walk ____ __ them
10 The resta uran t is ____ __ the High Stree t, ____ __ the cine ma. through / in out of / in under / around in / next to up / along
ol ____ __ the age of 16 and went to work ____ __ a bank . through / in out of / in under / around in / next to at / in
12 He jump ed ____ __ the wall and ____ __ the gard en. over / into towards / over
along / up by / on up to / out of
13 He was drivi ng ____ __ 180 miles per hour whe n he crash ed ____ __ the centr al barri er. at / into out of / in under / around in / next to at / in
__ the corri dor and ____ __ the stairs to the seco nd floor . from / into towards / over along / up by / on in / next to
15 John is the pers on stan ding ____ __ the wind ow, ____ __ the wom an
with the long blon de hair. at / into beside / next to under / around in / next to at / in
16 Whe n the bull ran ____ __ me, I jump ed ____ __ the fenc e. from / into towards / over beside / next to by / on in / next to
18 He saw a parki ng spac e ____ __ two cars and drov e ____ __ it. over / into between / into along / up by / on
up to / out of
19 Harr y com es to work ____ __ car but I prefe r to com e ____ __ foot. at / into beside / next to by / on in / next to at / in
- O pronome wich denota escolha, usado para perguntas de sentido restrito. Ex.: I have two cars. Which do you prefer? How long... (Quanto mede?) Ex.: How long is the table? It's 5 feet long. How far...(Quanta distncia?) Ex.: How far is the town? It's 2 miles from here. How wide... (Qual o tamanho?) Ex.: How wide is the land? It's 30 yards wide. How tall... (Qual a altura?) Ex.: How tall is the building? It's 150 feet tall How thich... (Qual a largura?) Ex.: How thick is the wall? It's 1 inches thick. Where from...(refere-se origem das pessoas e das coisas.) Ex.: Where are they from? When...(refere-se poca em que as coisas acontecem) Ex.: When is your birthday? What color...(refere-se cor das coisas) Ex.: What color is that car? What time...(refere-se s horas - relgio) Ex.: What time is your lesson? What about...(expresso usada, depois de dar uma informao, para perguntar a mesma coisa sobre outra pessoa ou objeto) Ex.: My car is old. What about your car? Note: Weights (Peso / Kg) - Para se perguntar o peso de coisas, animais ou pessoas. Ex.: How much does it weigh? (Quanto isto pesa?) It weighs 3 ounces.
EXERCISES CHOOSE DE CORRECT INTERROGATIVE WORD 1._______ hat is that? It's my mother's. 2.________ film did you prefer, the one we saw yesterday or the one we saw on Tuesday? 3. are you thinking about ? I'm thinking about the summer holidays. 4.________ told you that ? My brother did. 5. ________ do you want to talk to ? I want to talk to the manager. 6. __________kind of a man is he ? He's a very quiet man, he doesn't talk much. 7. ________are you looking for? I'm looking for my glasses again! 8.___________gave you that book for your birthday ? My parents did. 9. __________is this ? It's Mike's.
10. __________theatre in town do you mean ? The older one ? (of the two). 11. __________of these four dresses do you like best ? The white one. 12. __________do you come from? I come from Caen. 13. ___________of these coats is yours ? The blue one. 14. ___________lives in this big house? My nephew does.
Phrasal Verb
O Phrasal Verb um verbo que tem seu sentido/traduo alterado em razo do acrscimo de uma preposio ou de uma partcula adverbial a ele. So exemplos de Phrasal Verbs:
Verbo
To blow soprar
Last night two men blew up our house. (Ontem noite dois homens explodiram nossa casa). To break up terminar um relacionamento. Bob broke up with Mary. (Bob terminou com a Mary).
To break quebrar
To call off cancelar To call chamar, ligar The boss called off the meeting. (O chefe cancelou a reunio). To check verificar, checar To check in registrar-se Im going to check in as soon as I arrive at the hotel. (Eu irei me registrar assim que eu chegar ao hotel). To find out descobrir When I saw that handsome boy in front of me, I found out that I was in love. (Quando
To find encontrar
eu vi aquele garoto lindo na minha frente, descobri que eu estava apaixonada). To give up desistir To give - dar The thieves gave up running when they saw the police officers. (Os ladres desistiram de correr quando viram os policiais). To pass passar To pass away falecer My grandfather passed away one month ago. (Meu av faleceu h um ms). To stand up levantar. Stand up, please. (Levante-se, por favor).
To stand tolerar
To take off decolar To take levar, pegar The plane is taking off. (O avio est decolando). To try on experimentar To try tentar I want to try on this skirt and this blouse. (Eu quero experimentar esta saia e esta blusa). To throw up vomitar To throw Jack is throwing up for hours. I think its jogar, atirar because he drank so much at the party algo. yesterday. (Jack est vomitando h horas. Eu acho que porque ele bebeu muito na festa ontem).
a) The prisoners __________ better food. I feel like b) ____________ is hard to do. II stand up for c) I just ______ having a chocolate ice
cream. III are calling for d) Few men are willing to _______ the truth. IV breaking up 2) Choose the correct phrasal verb:
d) I think I'll put _______ (up with / on) this skirt for the party.
a) Sorry, ma'am, we have to carry out a thorough search of your apartment immediately.
f) She looks down on me but her folks don't even brush their teeth.
ACRONYM WORDS
ASP - (Active Server Pages), tambm conhecido como ASP Clssico hoje
em dia, uma estrutura de bibliotecas bsicas (e no uma linguagem) para processamento de linguagens de script no lado servidor para gerao de contedo dinmico na Web. Exemplos de linguagens aceitas so: VBScript, JScript, PerlScript, TCL ou Python sendo que apenas as duas primeiras so suportadas por padro.
CMOS - (pronuncia-se "C-Ms") uma sigla para complementary metaloxide-semiconductor, i.e., semicondutor metal-xido complementar. um tipo de tecnologia empregada na fabricao de circuitos integrados onde se incluem elementos de lgica digital (portas lgicas, flip-flops, contadores, decodificadores, etc.), microprocessadores, microcontroladores, memrias RAM, etc. Geralmente so usadas em chips digitais e memrias que armazenam informaes de configurao do computador.
operando segundo duas definies: 1- Examinar e atualizar seu banco de dados; 2- Resolver nomes de domnios em endereos de rede (IPs).
DPI - Pontos por polegada (PPP), em ingls Dots Per Inch (DPI), uma
medida de densidade relacionada composio de imagens, que expressa o nmero de pontos individuais que existem em uma polegada linear na superfcie onde a imagem apresentada.
tempo real baseada em texto de comunicao direta entre duas ou mais pessoas.
LAN - significa Local Area Network (em portugus Rede Local). Trata-se
de um conjunto de computadores que pertencem a uma mesma organizao e que esto ligados entre eles numa pequena rea geogrfica por uma rede, frequentemente atravs de uma mesma tecnologia.
NET em ingls, rede. O termo usado como sinnimo para internet. NFS - (acrnimo para Network File System) um sistema de arquivos
distribudos desenvolvido inicialmente pela Sun Microsystems, Inc., a fim de compartilhar arquivos e diretrios entre computadores conectados em
PC Personal Computer ( Computador Pessoal). PCI - (Peripheral Component Interconnect - Barramento de Interconexo
de Componentes Perifricos) um barramento de computador para conectar dispositivos de hardware de um computador.
protocolo para transmisso de pacotes atravs de linhas seriais. O protocolo PPP suporta linhas sncronas e assncronas. Normalmente ele tem sido utilizado para a transmisso de pacotes IP na Internet.
para a web .
WAN - Wide Area Network (Rede de rea Ampla) Uma rede de rea ampla
( WAN ) um geograficamente dispersos de telecomunicaes de rede . O termo distingue uma estrutura mais ampla de telecomunicaes de uma rede de rea local (LAN).
XML (eXtensible Markup Language Linguagem de Marcao Extensvel) uma linguagem criada especialmente para o armazenamento de dados de forma organizada e hierrquica. atualmente bastante utilizada como formato para transmisso de dados entre diferentes servidores e protocolos.
Adaptado de: http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site
Estratgias de Leitura
Ao ler um determinado texto em Ingls, necessrio,a fim de compreend-lo, utilizar as vrias ferramentas disponveis. So elas:
1) PREDICTION (Predio)
Tem o significado e o objetivo de inferir o contedo de um texto atravs de seu conhecimento prvio sobre o tema (background); atravs do contexto semntico (palavras de um mesmo grupo, por exemplo: hospital, nurse,doctor, ambulance), contexto lingstico (pistas gramaticais); contexto no-lingustico (gravuras, grficos,tabelas,nmeros,etc). conhecimento sobre a estrutura do texto (lay out, ttulo,subttulo, diviso de pargrafos,etc).
2) COGNATES (Cognatos)
So palavras de origem grega ou latina bem parecidas com as do portugus. Ex: different diferente; infection infeco.
obs: Ateno com os FALSOS COGNATOS! Exemplo: pretend no significa pretender, mas sim fingir. importante observar se a palavra se encaixa no contexto.
Data date.
5) DICTIONARY (Dicionrio)
O dicionrio s deve ser utilizado em ltimo caso para se descobrir o significado de uma palavra ou expresso desconhecida. A razo disso o fato de a procura por significados no dicionrio tornar a leitura lenta demais, podendo desanimar o leitor.
STRATEGIES (Estratgias)
1) SKIMMING: Consiste numa leitura rpida para ter-se uma idia central do texto.
Be Specific Before learning math, its a helpful reminder that the more specific your search is, the more likely you will find what you want. Dont be afraid to tell a search engine exactly what you are looking for. For example, if you want information about Windows 98 bugs, search for Windows 98 bugs, not Windows. Or even better, search for exactly what the problem is: I cant install a USB device in Windows 98, for example. Youll be surprised at how often this works.
Using The + Symbol to Add Sometimes, you want to make sure that a search engine finds pages that have all the
words you enter, not just some of them. The + Symbol lets you do this. For example, imagine you want to find pages that have references to Windows 98 bugs. You could search this way: +windows+98+bugs Only pages that contain all three of the words would appear in your results.
Using The Symbol to Subtract Sometimes, you want a search engine to find pages that have one word on them but not another word. The symbol lets you do this.
For example, imagine you want information about Windows 95 but dont want to be overwhelmed by pages relating to Windows 98 or Windows 3.1. you could search this way: windows -98 3.1
In general, the symbol is helpful for focusing results when you get too many that are unrelated to your topic. Simply begin subtracting terms you know are not of interest, and you should get better results.
Now that you know how to add and subtract terms, we can move on to multiplication. As in normal math, multiplying terms through a phrase search can be a much better way to get the answers you are looking for.
For example, remember above when we wanted pages about windows 98 bugs? We entered all the terms like this: +windows + 98 +bugs That brings back pages that have all those words on them, but theres no guarantee that the words may necessarily be near each other. Doing a phrase search avoids this problem. This is where you tell a search engine to give you pages where the terms appear in exactly the order you specify. You do this by putting quotation marks around the phrase, like this: windows 98 bugs
Combining Symbols Once youve mastered adding, subtracting and multiplying, you can combine symbols to easily create targeted searches. For example, windows 98 bugs windows 95 windows 3.1 now you are ready to use math to get better results in your search. Good Luck!!!!
Source: Adapted from www.searchenginewatch.com/ Reading Strategies 1) Utilizando a estratgia skimming, faa uma leitura rpida do texto e responda:
a) Encontre no segundo pargrafo Be Specific um verbo que possa ser um sinnimo de search for.
Sometimes, you want a search engine to find pages that have one word on them but not another word.
global prices and insatiable demand from Asia. In one sign of Brazils economic health, as the subprime credit crisis was roiling the United States a few weeks ago, Brazils bonds were raised to just below investment grade. He said that Latin America as a whole was at a critical moment, when it needed to seize the opportunity to shore up its economies, notorious for mismanagement and corruption. At the same time, he shrugged off suggestions that he should seek to be a hemispheric force and a stronger counterweight to President Hugo Chvez of Venezuela, who has aggressively seized the spotlight in the region with his energy deal-making and political maneuvering in favor of left-wing candidates. We in Latin America are not trying to look for a leader, Mr. da Silva said. We dont need a leader. What we need to do is build political harmony because South America and Latin America need to learn the lesson of the 20th century. We had the opportunity to grow, we had the opportunity to develop ourselves, and we lost that opportunity. So we still continue to be poor countries. What I want is to govern my country well.