Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Service Manual
Ve n t i l a t o r
System
Copyright information
Copyright 2004 Puritan-Bennett Corporation. All rights reserved. The 7200 SeriesTM Ventilator System is manufactured in accordance with Puritan Bennett proprietary information, covered by one or more of the following U.S. Patents and foreign equivalents: 4,954,799; 5,161,525; 5,271,389; 5,301,921; 5,319,540; 5,339,807; 5,368,019; and 5,390,666. 7200 Series, RT 200 and PTS 2000 are trademarks of Puritan-Bennett Corporation. The information contained in this manual is the sole property of Puritan-Bennett Corporation and may not be duplicated without permission. This manual may be revised or replaced by Puritan-Bennett Corporation at any time and without notice. You should ensure that you have the most current applicable version of this manual; if in doubt, contact Puritan Bennett Technical Support group at 800.255.6774, or contact your local Puritan Bennett representative. While the information set forth herein is believed to be accurate, it is not a substitute for the exercise of professional judgment. The ventilator should be operated and serviced only by trained professionals. Puritan Bennetts sole responsibility with respect to the ventilator, and its use, is as stated in the limited warranty provided. Nothing in this manual shall limit or restrict in any way Puritan Bennetts right to revise or otherwise change or modify the equipment (including its software) described herein, without notice. In the absence of an express, written agreement to the contrary, Puritan Bennett has no obligation to furnish any such revisions, changes, or modifications to the owner or user of the equipment (including its software) described herein.
Puritan-Bennett Corporation 4280 Hacienda Drive Pleasanton, CA 94588 USA Phone: 1.800.255.6774
Authorized Representative: Tyco Healthcare UK Limited 154 Fareham Road Gosport PO13 0AS, UK
Preface
This manual provides information needed to service the Puritan Bennett 7200 Ventilator System. This manual is intended for use by certified biomedical engineering technicians or personnel with equivalent experience and training in servicing this type of equipment. It is recommended that the user complete the Puritan Bennett training class geared specifically to the 7200 Series Ventilator System. While this manual covers the ventilator configurations currently supported by Puritan Bennett, it may not be all-inclusive and may not be applicable to your ventilator. Within the USA, contact Puritan Bennett at 1.800.255.6774 for questions about the applicability of the information.
Definitions
This manual uses three special indicators to convey information of a specific nature. They are: Warning Indicates a condition that can endanger the patient or the ventilator operator.
NOTE:
Indicates points of particular emphasis that make operation of the ventilator more efficient or convenient.
ii
Manufacturer Puritan-Bennett Corporation 4280 Hacienda Drive Pleasanton, CA 94588 USA 1.800.255.6774 Emissions Compliance
Applicable ONLY to those 7200 Series Ventilators bearing the CE label affixed to the rear panel: the 7200 Ventilator meets the criteria for EN55011 Emissions Classification, CISPR II, Group I, Class B.
Environmental Protection
Puritan Bennett recommends that customers or technical services personnel follow local governing ordinances and recycling instructions regarding disposal or recycling of the battery or other device components.
iii
Customer assistance
For further assistance call Puritan Bennett Technical Support group at 800.255.6774 or contact your local Puritan Bennett representative.
iv
CONTENTS
1 General Information
1.1 Safety ................................................................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 General Product Description.............................................................................................. 1-2 1.3 Configuration Information ................................................................................................. 1-2 1.3.1 Configuration Differences .......................................................................................... 1-2 1.3.2 Model Differences ..................................................................................................... 1-4 1.3.3 Viewing Ventilator Software Information ................................................................... 1-4 1.3.4 Accessories ................................................................................................................ 1-5 1.3.5 Options ..................................................................................................................... 1-6 1.4 Specifications and Other Technical Data ............................................................................ 1-9 1.5 Recommended Tools and Test Equipment ....................................................................... 1-14 1.6 Service Kits ...................................................................................................................... 1-17 1.7 Controls and Indicators ................................................................................................... 1-19 1.8 Location of Serial Number ............................................................................................... 1-26 1.9 Warranty and Service Information ................................................................................... 1-26 1.10 Reference Documentation ............................................................................................. 1-26
2 Theory of Operation
2.1 Overview of Ventilator Operation ...................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Pneumatic System ............................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2.1 Wall Gas Supply System ............................................................................................ 2-8 2.2.1.1 Component Descriptions................................................................................... 2-8 2.2.1.2 System Operation.............................................................................................. 2-9 2.2.2 Motor Compressor System ...................................................................................... 2-11 2.2.2.1 Component Descriptions................................................................................. 2-11 2.2.2.2 System Operation (Figure 2-5) ........................................................................ 2-12 2.2.3 Flow Control System ............................................................................................... 2-14 2.2.3.1 Component Descriptions................................................................................. 2-14 2.2.3.2 System Operation (Figure 2-7) ........................................................................ 2-15 2.2.4 Safety Valve System ................................................................................................. 2-17 2.2.4.1 Component Descriptions................................................................................. 2-17 2.2.4.2 System Operation............................................................................................ 2-18 2.2.5 Patient System......................................................................................................... 2-19 2.2.5.1 Component Descriptions................................................................................. 2-19 2.2.6 Exhalation System ................................................................................................... 2-23 2.2.6.1 Component Descriptions................................................................................. 2-23 2.2.6.2 System Operation (Figure 2-14) ...................................................................... 2-24 2.2.7 PEEP/CPAP System .................................................................................................. 2-26 2.2.7.1 Component Descriptions................................................................................. 2-26
Contents
2.2.7.2 System Operation (Figure 2-16) .......................................................................2-27 2.3.1 Overview .................................................................................................................2-32 2.3.2 The ac Power Distribution: Utility Panel....................................................................2-33 2.3.3 The dc Power Supply and Distribution: Power Supplies and Batteries .......................2-34 2.3.3.1 +5 V, +12 V, and 15 V Supplies ......................................................................2-34 2.3.3.2 Power Fail Module ...........................................................................................2-38 2.3.3.3 Isolation Transformer .......................................................................................2-38 2.3.3.4 Batteries...........................................................................................................2-38 2.3.4 CPU, Memory, and Associated Circuits: MegaCPU PCB or 80188 CPU PCB..............2-40 2.3.5 CPU and Associated Circuits: 8088 CPU PCB............................................................2-42 2.3.6 Memory: Memory PCB (8088-Based Ventilators Only) .............................................2-44 2.3.7 DCI-Display Controller PCB (Used in 80188-Based Units Only).................................2-46 2.3.8 Display Controller PCB (Used in 8088-Based Units Only)..........................................2-48 2.3.9 Keyboard, Displays, and Drivers: Front Panel Display PCB ........................................2-50 2.3.10 A/D and D/A Converter: Conversion PCB ...............................................................2-55 2.3.11 Interface PCB .........................................................................................................2-57 2.3.12 Pulse Oximetry PCB Assembly ................................................................................2-62 2.3.12.1 General Principle of Operation .......................................................................2-62 2.3.12.2 Operation of the Sensor .................................................................................2-62 2.3.12.3 How Pulse Oximetry Is Implemented in the 7200 Series Ventilator .................2-64 2.4 Operational Descriptions .................................................................................................2-65 2.4.1 Breath Delivery ........................................................................................................2-66 2.4.1.1 Inspiration........................................................................................................2-66 2.4.2 I/O Device Operation ...............................................................................................2-78 2.4.2.1 Keyboard Operation (Figure 2-46) ...................................................................2-78 2.4.2.2 20-Character Display Operation (Figure 2-47)..................................................2-79 2.4.2.3 Numeric Display Operation (Figure 2-48).........................................................2-80 2.4.2.4 LED Indicators Operation (Figure 2-49) ............................................................2-81 2.4.2.5 Alarm Summary Display Operation (Figure 2-50) .............................................2-83 2.4.2.6 Audio Alarm Operation (Figure 2-51) ...............................................................2-83 2.4.2.7 Analog Meter Operation (Figure 2-52) .............................................................2-83 2.4.2.8 Nurse Call Operation (Figure 2-53) ..................................................................2-87 2.4.2.9 A/D Conversion (Figure 2-54) ..........................................................................2-87 2.4.2.10 Proportional Solenoid Valve Operation (Figure 2-55)......................................2-87 2.4.3 Emergency Operating Modes...................................................................................2-92 2.4.3.1 Bus Timeout (BTO) (Figure 2-56) .....................................................................2-92 2.4.3.2 Power Failure (Figure 2-57) ..............................................................................2-93 2.4.3.3 Watchdog Timeout (Figure 2-58).....................................................................2-96 2.4.3.4 Initialization (Figure 2-59) ................................................................................2-98 2.4.3.5 Back-up Ventilation (Figure 2-60)...................................................................2-100 2.4.3.6 Safety Valve Open (Figure 2-61).....................................................................2-103 2.4.3.7 Wall Air-to-Compressor Switchover (Figure 2-62) ...........................................2-104 2.4.3.8 Apnea Ventilation...........................................................................................2-104 2.4.3.9 Disconnect Ventilation ...................................................................................2-105
vi
Contents
3 Installation and Assembly
3.1 Ventilator DIP Switches...................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 Checking DIP Switch Settings .................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.2 Setting DIP Switches.................................................................................................. 3-4 3.2 Installing 7202 Display ...................................................................................................... 3-6 3.3 Installing Remote Nurse Call.............................................................................................. 3-7 3.4 Installing Pulse Oximetry Extension Cable.......................................................................... 3-8 3.5 Installing Printer .............................................................................................................. 3-10 3.6 Assembling Ventilator Cart .............................................................................................. 3-10 3.7 Installing Flex Arm ........................................................................................................... 3-10 3.8 Installing Patient System.................................................................................................. 3-11 3.9 Connecting Gas Supplies ................................................................................................. 3-11 3.10 Connecting Electrical Power .......................................................................................... 3-12 3.11 Installation Checkout ..................................................................................................... 3-13 3.12 Preparing for Patient Use ............................................................................................... 3-13
4 Periodic Maintenance
4.1 Periodic Maintenance Details............................................................................................. 4-1 4.1.1 Daily: Gas Supply Water Traps and Filters (Air and Oxygen)....................................... 4-2 4.1.2 Daily: Exhaled Gas Collector Vial................................................................................ 4-3 4.1.3 Between Patients (or Every 15 Days, at a Minimum): Bacteria Filters in Patient System ... 4-3 4.1.4 Every 250 Hours: Cooling Fan Filter ........................................................................... 4-4 4.1.5 Every 2,500 Hours: Volume Calibration ..................................................................... 4-4 4.1.6 Every 2,500 and 10,000 Hours: Preventive Maintenance ........................................... 4-4 4.1.7 Annually: Reusable Bacteria Filters ............................................................................. 4-7 4.2 Cleaning and Sterilization .................................................................................................. 4-8
5 Self-Tests
5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 5-1 5.2.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 5-2 5.2.1.1 Structure of POST.............................................................................................. 5-2 5.2.1.2 When Is POST Run............................................................................................. 5-2 5.2.1.3 If POST Fails ...................................................................................................... 5-2 5.2.2 Running POST ........................................................................................................... 5-2 5.2.3 Error Handling........................................................................................................... 5-3 5.2.3.1 How POST Reports Errors .................................................................................. 5-3 5.2.3.2 How the Ventilator Responds to Errors............................................................... 5-4 5.3 Extended Self-Test (EST) .................................................................................................... 5-4 5.3.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 5-4 5.3.1.1 When To Run EST.............................................................................................. 5-5 5.3.1.2 Hardware Requirements .................................................................................... 5-5 5.3.1.3 What If EST Fails ................................................................................................ 5-5 5.3.1.4 Quick EST (QUEST)............................................................................................ 5-6 5.3.2 Starting EST............................................................................................................... 5-6 5.3.3 Running EST Test Routines ........................................................................................ 5-8 5.3.3.1 Prompts ............................................................................................................ 5-9 5.3.3.2 Operator Errors.................................................................................................. 5-9
vii
Contents
5.3.3.3 Power Loss During EST.....................................................................................5-10 5.3.3.4 Displays ...........................................................................................................5-10 5.3.4 Error Handling .........................................................................................................5-12 5.3.4.1 If an EST Test Fails ............................................................................................5-12 5.3.4.2 If the Entire EST Fails ........................................................................................5-13 5.3.5 Exiting EST...............................................................................................................5-13 5.3.5.1 During Test Routine Execution .........................................................................5-13 5.3.5.2 After the Completion of EST.............................................................................5-14 5.3.6 Restarting EST ..........................................................................................................5-14 5.3.7 Printing an EST Status Report ...................................................................................5-14 5.3.7.2 Generating The Report.....................................................................................5-15 5.3.8 Viewing Data from Most Recent EST Run .................................................................5-16 5.3.9 Viewing Previous Error Codes ...................................................................................5-17 5.3.10 Clearing Error Codes from Battery-Backed RAM .....................................................5-18
6 Error Codes
6.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................6-1 6.1.1 POST Error Codes .....................................................................................................6-1 6.1.2 Soft Error Codes (Table 6-3) .......................................................................................6-1 6.1.3 EST Error Codes (Table 6-4) .......................................................................................6-1 6.1.4 Communications Error Codes (Table 6-5)...................................................................6-2 6.1.5 Fault Codes................................................................................................................6-2 6.2 Interpreting Error Codes.....................................................................................................6-2
7 Performance Verification
7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 When To Run .....................................................................................................................7-1 Test Equipment and Service Material Required ...................................................................7-1 Preliminary Ventilator Cleaning and Inspection ..................................................................7-3 Preliminary Ventilator Setup ...............................................................................................7-4 Preliminary Test Instrument Setup......................................................................................7-4 7.5.1 PTS 2000 and BreathLab PTS Software Setup .............................................................7-4 7.5.2 RT-200 Setup .............................................................................................................7-6 7.6 Performance Verification Procedures ..................................................................................7-6 7.6.1 Electrical Safety Test (Test 1) ......................................................................................7-7 7.6.2 Power-On Self-Test (POST) (Test 2) ............................................................................7-8 7.6.3 Total Extended Self-Test (EST) (Test 3) ....................................................................7-8 7.6.4 Battery-Backed RAM Test (Test 4)...............................................................................7-9 7.6.5 Lamp Test (Test 5) ...................................................................................................7-11 7.6.6 Analog Output Connector Test (Test 6) ...................................................................7-14 7.6.7 Power Supply Test (Test 7).......................................................................................7-16 7.6.8 Keyboard Test (Test 8) .............................................................................................7-18 7.6.9 Gas Supply System Test (Test 9)...............................................................................7-19 7.6.10 Peak Inspiratory Flow Test (Test 10) .......................................................................7-21 7.6.11 High-Pressure Limit Alarm, Alarm Volume Control, and Nurses Call Relay Test (Test 11).............................................................................7-23
viii
Contents
7.6.12 Gas Volume Accuracy Test (Test 12) ...................................................................... 7-25 7.6.13 Sensitivity Accuracy Test (Test 13) ......................................................................... 7-27 7.6.14 PEEP System Test (Test 14) .................................................................................... 7-28 7.6.15 Oxygen Percentage Accuracy Test (Test 15) .......................................................... 7-31 7.6.16 Heated Exhalation Bacteria Filter and Power Disconnect Alarm Test (Test 16) ................................................................................... 7-33 7.7 Returning Ventilator to Operation ................................................................................... 7-34 7.8 Troubleshooting .............................................................................................................. 7-34
8 Repair: Introduction
8.1 How To Use the Repair Sections ........................................................................................ 8-1 8.2 General Repair Safety......................................................................................................... 8-1 8.3 General Repair Information................................................................................................ 8-2 8.3.1 Repair-Related Inspection .......................................................................................... 8-2 8.3.2 Repair-Related Cleaning............................................................................................. 8-2 8.3.3 Electrical Cables and Pneumatic Tubing..................................................................... 8-3 8.3.4 Adhesive Use ............................................................................................................. 8-3 8.3.5 Repainting and Touch-up .......................................................................................... 8-4 8.3.6 Replacement Part Ordering ...................................................................................... 8-4 8.3.7 Post-Repair ................................................................................................................ 8-4 8.4 Electrostatic Discharge Control .......................................................................................... 8-4 8.4.1 General Information .................................................................................................. 8-4 8.4.2 Procedures and Precautions ....................................................................................... 8-5
ix
Contents
10.6 Back-up Ventilator (BUV) Pressure Switch (PS4)............................................................10-11 10.7 Oxygen and Air Screen Filters (F10 and F11) ................................................................10-11 10.8 Air and Oxygen Gas Supply Assemblies (Pressure Switch PS1 or PS2, Check Valve CV1 or CV2, and Regulator REG1 or REG2).....................................10-12 10.8.1 Testing REG1 or REG2 Outlet Pressure..................................................................10-12 10.8.2 Removal/Installation.............................................................................................10-13 10.8.3 High Pressure Leak Test........................................................................................10-14 10.8.4 REG1 or REG2 Adjustment ...................................................................................10-16 10.9 Pressure Transducer PCB (P1, P2, and DP)....................................................................10-19 10.10 Proportional Valve Group (PSOL1, PSOL2, SOL1, and SOL2)......................................10-19 10.10.1 Removal of Proportional Valve Group.................................................................10-19 10.10.2 Service of SOL1 and SOL2..................................................................................10-19 10.10.3 SOL1 and SOL2 Coil Test ...................................................................................10-20 10.10.4 SOL1 and SOL2 Mechanical Test........................................................................10-20 10.10.5 Installation of Proportional Valve Group .............................................................10-21 10.11 Safety Valve/Check Valve (SV/CV3) Assembly .............................................................10-21 10.12 Safety Valve Back Pressure Regulator (REG4) ..............................................................10-21 10.12.1 Removal/Installation...........................................................................................10-21 10.12.2 Adjustment ........................................................................................................10-22 10.13 Adjustable Restrictor (R3) Adjustment ........................................................................10-25
Contents
13 Repair: Exhalation Compartment
13.1 Exhalation Bacteria Filter................................................................................................ 13-1 13.1.1 In Bottom-Loading Exhalation Compartment ........................................................ 13-1 13.1.2 In Front-Loading Exhalation Compartment............................................................ 13-3 13.2 Exhalation Sensor Assembly (Q3/T3) and Check Valve (CV5) Assembly.......................... 13-5 13.2.1 In Bottom-Loading Exhalation Compartment ........................................................ 13-5 13.2.2 In Front-Loading Exhalation Compartment............................................................ 13-8 13.3 Internal Exhalation Valve ............................................................................................... 13-9 13.3.1 In Bottom-Loading Exhalation Compartment ........................................................ 13-9 13.3.2 In Front-Loading Exhalation Compartment............................................................ 13-9 13.4 Bacteria Filter Heater ..................................................................................................... 13-9 13.4.1 In Bottom-Loading Exhalation Compartment ........................................................ 13-9 13.4.2 In Front-Loading Exhalation Compartment.......................................................... 13-10 13.5 Audio Alarm ................................................................................................................ 13-12 13.6 Removal/Installation of Exhalation Compartment ........................................................ 13-14 13.6.1 Bottom-Loading .................................................................................................. 13-14 13.6.2 Front-Loading...................................................................................................... 13-14
xi
Contents
16 Repair: Compressor Pedestal Assembly
16.1 Pedestal Access Panel Cover and Inner Access Panel .......................................................16-1 16.2 Compressor Fan Filter ...................................................................................................16-2 16.3 Compressor Inlet Filter (F5) ............................................................................................16-2 16.4 Compressor Circuit Breaker ............................................................................................16-3 16.5 Compressor Power Relay................................................................................................16-4 16.5.1 Testing...................................................................................................................16-4 16.5.2 Removal/Installation...............................................................................................16-5 16.6 Compressor Power Line Filter .........................................................................................16-5 16.7 Compressor Elapsed Time Meter ....................................................................................16-5 16.8 Compressor Back Pressure Regulator (REG3) .................................................................16-6 16.8.1 Testing Outlet Pressure ..........................................................................................16-6 16.8.2 Removal/Installation...............................................................................................16-6 16.8.3 Adjustment ............................................................................................................16-7 16.9 Compressor Pressure Switch (PS3) .................................................................................16-8 16.9.1 Testing PS3 and REG3 ............................................................................................16-8 16.9.2 Removal/Installation.............................................................................................16-10 16.10 Compressor Unloading Solenoid (SOL9) ....................................................................16-10 16.11 Compressor Inlet Silencer...........................................................................................16-11 16.12 Compressor Outlet Filter (F6) .....................................................................................16-11 16.13 Compressor Compartment Fan (Attached to Divider).................................................16-11 16.13.1 Removal/Installation...........................................................................................16-11 16.13.2 Inspection ..........................................................................................................16-11 16.14 Compressor and Shock Mounts..................................................................................16-13 16.14.1 Testing...............................................................................................................16-13 16.14.2 Removal.............................................................................................................16-13 16.14.3 Installation .........................................................................................................16-13 16.15 Compressor Pedestal Base Fan (100, 220, and 240 V ac Units Only) ..........................16-14 16.15.1 Removal/Installation...........................................................................................16-14 16.15.2 Inspection ..........................................................................................................16-14 16.16 Heat Exchanger..........................................................................................................16-15 16.17 Compressor Check Valve (CV4) ..................................................................................16-15 16.18 Pedestal Base Assembly ..............................................................................................16-15 16.19 Casters.......................................................................................................................16-15 16.20 Exit Plenum Cover .....................................................................................................16-17 16.21 Bumpers ....................................................................................................................16-17 16.21.1 Multipiece Style with Ribbed Corners.................................................................16-17 16.21.2 One-Piece Style..................................................................................................16-17 16.22 Removal/Installation of Compressor Pedestal Assembly .............................................16-18
xii
Contents
18 Repair: Ventilator Cart Assembly
18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 Removal/Installation of Ventilator Cart Assembly ........................................................... 18-1 Hose Management Bracket............................................................................................ 18-1 Casters ......................................................................................................................... 18-2 Bumpers........................................................................................................................ 18-2 Ventilator Cart Drawer................................................................................................... 18-4
20 7202 Display
20.1 Description.................................................................................................................... 20-1 20.1.1 Overview............................................................................................................... 20-1 20.1.3 Specifications ........................................................................................................ 20-7 20.1.4 Screens.................................................................................................................. 20-7 20.1.4.1 Patient Data Monitoring Screen..................................................................... 20-7 20.1.4.2 Ventilator Settings 1 Screen........................................................................... 20-8 20.1.4.3 Ventilator Settings 2 Screen........................................................................... 20-9 20.1.4.4 Alarm Screen ............................................................................................... 20-10 20.1.4.5 <++> Key Menu........................................................................................... 20-11 20.1.4.6 Quick EST Screen......................................................................................... 20-12 20.1.4.7 Total EST Screen.......................................................................................... 20-13 20.2 Operation ................................................................................................................... 20-14 20.2.1 Lamp Test ........................................................................................................... 20-14 20.2.2 Normal Operation ............................................................................................... 20-14 20.2.3 Error Messages .................................................................................................... 20-14 20.2.4 <++> Key Functions ............................................................................................. 20-14 20.2.5 Responding to Alarms.......................................................................................... 20-14 20.2.6 Quick and Total EST ............................................................................................ 20-14 20.3 Service......................................................................................................................... 20-15 20.3.1 Required Tools..................................................................................................... 20-15 20.3.2 Cleaning.............................................................................................................. 20-15 20.3.3 Pre-Service Procedures......................................................................................... 20-15 20.3.3.1 Removing the Display (7200a Ventilator equipped with a printer) ............... 20-16 20.3.4 Rear Housing ....................................................................................................... 20-16 20.3.4.1 Removing the Housing ................................................................................ 20-16 20.3.4.2 Replacing the Rear Housing ......................................................................... 20-19 20.3.5 Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Assembly .................................................................. 20-20 20.3.5.1 Disassembly................................................................................................. 20-20 20.3.5.2 Reassembly.................................................................................................. 20-25 20.3.6 Swivel Arm Assembly........................................................................................... 20-27 20.3.6.1 Disassembly................................................................................................. 20-27
xiii
Contents
20.3.6.2 Reassembly ..................................................................................................20-33 20.3.6.3 Attaching the Bottom Plate and Spring Assembly.........................................20-33 20.4 Testing and Troubleshooting .......................................................................................20-34 20.4.1 No Cursor ............................................................................................................20-35 20.4.1.1 Check Ventilator Configuration ....................................................................20-35 20.4.1.2 Check that DISPLAY Port Is Functioning .......................................................20-35 20.4.1.3 Check DCI Port Configurations ....................................................................20-35 20.4.1.4 Check Display Cable Connections ................................................................20-36 20.4.1.5 Check the Test Screens ................................................................................20-36 20.4.1.6 Check Display Power Supply Voltages ..........................................................20-38 20.4.1.7 Check PCB Assembly Cabling.......................................................................20-43 20.4.1.8 If the Display Still Doesn't Work ...................................................................20-43 20.4.2 Ventilator Does not Communicate with Display ...................................................20-44 20.4.3 Display Works but Printer Doesn't ........................................................................20-44 20.4.4 Display Shows All Data on One LIne.....................................................................20-46 20.4.5 Screen Display Otherwise Flawed .........................................................................20-48 20.4.7 Screen is Delaminating.........................................................................................20-49 20.4.8 Performance Testing ............................................................................................20-49
21 Storage
21.1 Preparation for Storage ..................................................................................................21-1 21.2 Storage ..........................................................................................................................21-2 21.2.1 Storage Requirements and Recommendations .......................................................21-2 21.2.2 Returning the Ventilator to Use after Storage .........................................................21-2 21.2.3 Ventilator Subassemblies ........................................................................................21-3
xiv
Contents
A.6.7 Cabinet and Pedestal Kits ........................................................................................ A-11 A.6.8 7200a Display and DCI Interface Kit ........................................................................ A-11 A.6.9 7202 Display Compatibility Kit ................................................................................ A-11 A.6.10 7202 Display Upgrade Kit...................................................................................... A-12 A.6.11 Exhalation Compartment Upgrade Kit ................................................................... A-12 A.6.12 Rail Cover Appearance Kit ..................................................................................... A-12 A.6.13 Fan Door Kit .......................................................................................................... A-12 A.6.14 Pulsed Audio Alarm Kit .......................................................................................... A-12 A.6.15 Caster Upgrade Kit ................................................................................................ A-12 A.6.16 Stop Bracket Kit..................................................................................................... A-12 A.6.17 Pedestal Bumper Kit .............................................................................................. A-12 A.6.18 Flex Arm Reinforcement Kit ................................................................................... A-13 A.6.19 Ventilator Unit Preventive Maintenance Kits .......................................................... A-13 A.6.20 Compressor Compartment Preventive Maintenance Kits ....................................... A-15 A.6.21 Ventilator Unit Spare Part Kit ................................................................................. A-17
C Ventilator Subassemblies
C.1 100/115 V and Earlier 220/240 V Ventilator ......................................................................C-2 C.2 220/240 V EMI Ventilator................................................................................................C-13
xv
Contents
F Utility Panel Assembly
F.1 100/115 V and Earlier (Non-EMI) 220/240 V Utility Panel Assembly ................................... F-3 F.2 220/240 V (EMI) Utility Panel Assembly.............................................................................. F-7
I Console Assembly
I.1 Enhanced-Plus Console Assembly .........................................................................................I-2 I.2 Enhanced Console Assembly ................................................................................................I-7 I.3 Basic Console Assembly......................................................................................................I-11
xvi
Contents
N Ventilator Pedestal Assembly
N.1 Ventilator Pedestal Assembly............................................................................................ N-2 N.2 Ventilator Pedestal Base Assembly.................................................................................... N-5
P 7202 Display
P.1 P.2 P.3 P.4 7202 Display (Rear Switch) ................................................................................................ P-2 7202 Display (No External Switch)..................................................................................... P-3 PCB Assembly ................................................................................................................... P-6 Swivel Arm Assembly ......................................................................................................... P-8
xvii
Contents
xviii
FIGURES
Figure 1-1. Figure 1-2. Figure 1-3. Figure 1-4. Figure 1-5. Figure 2-1. Figure 2-2. Figure 2-3. Figure 2-4. Figure 2-5. Figure 2-6. Figure 2-7. Figure 2-8. Figure 2-9. Figure 2-10. Figure 2-11. Figure 2-12. Figure 2-13. Figure 2-14. Figure 2-15. Figure 2-16. Figure 2-17. Figure 2-18. Figure 2-19. Figure 2-20. Figure 2-21. Figure 2-22. Figure 2-23. Figure 2-24. Figure 2-25. Figure 2-26. Figure 2-27. Figure 2-28. Figure 2-29. Figure 2-30. Figure 2-31. Figure 2-32. Figure 2-33. Figure 2-34. Figure 2-35. Figure 2-36. Figure 2-37. Figure 2-38. 7200 Series Ventilatory System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 Enhanced-Plus Keyboard Controls and Indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-23 Enhanced Keyboard Controls and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-25 Basic Keyboard Controls and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27 Ventilator Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-29 Pneumatic System Diagram (Internal Exhalation Valve) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5 Pneumatic system Diagram (External Exhalation Valve) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 Wall Gas Supply System Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 Wall Gas Supply System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 Motor Compressor System Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11 Motor Compressor System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13 Flow Control System Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14 Flow Control System Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16 Safety Valve System Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17 Safety Valve System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18 Patient System Diagram (Sheet 1 of 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20 Patient System Diagram (Sheet 2 of 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21 Patient System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22 Exhalation System Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23 Exhalation System Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25 PEEP/CPAP System Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26 PEEP/CPAP System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29 ac Power Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33 Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34 +5 V Power Distribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35 +10 V Power Distribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36 +12 V Power Distribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37 15 V Power Distribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38 Battery Power Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39 80188 CPU PCB Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43 8088 CPU PCB Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-45 Memory PCB Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47 DCI-Display Controller PCB Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49 Display Controller PCB Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-51 Front Panel Display PCB Block Diagram (Enhanced-Plus) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54 Front Panel Display PCB Block Diagram (Enhanced). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-55 Front Panel Display PCB Block Diagram (Basic) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-56 Conversion PCB Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-58 Interface PCB Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63 Pulse Oximetry PCB Assembly Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-67 Absorption Factors in Pulse Oximetry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-68 Mandatory Inspiration with 50% O2, Wall Air, and Nebulizer Inactive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73 Spontaneous Inspiration with 70% O2, Wall Air, and Nebulizer Active. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-75
xix
Figures
Figure 2-39. Figure 2-40. Figure 2-41. Figure 2-42. Figure 2-43. Figure 2-44. Figure 2-45. Figure 2-46. Figure 2-47. Figure 2-48. Figure 2-49. Figure 2-50. Figure 2-51. Figure 2-52. Figure 2-53. Figure 2-54. Figure 2-55. Figure 2-56. Figure 2-57. Figure 2-58. Figure 2-59. Figure 2-60. Figure 2-61. Figure 2-62. Figure 2-62. Figure 3-1. Figure 3-2. Figure 3-3. Figure 3-4. Figure 3-5. Figure 3-6. Figure 3-7. Figure 3-8. Figure 4-1. Figure 4-2. Figure 4-3. Figure 4-4. Figure 4-5. Figure 4-6. Figure 5-2. Figure 5-3. Figure 5-4. Figure 5-5. Figure 5-6. Figure 5-8. Figure 5-9. Figure 5-10. Figure 5-11. Figure 7-1.
xx
Gas Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-76 Flow of Mixed Gas from PSOL1 and PSOL2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-77 Nebulizer Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-78 Exhalation with Compressor Active and Nebulizer Inactive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-79 Exhalation System Operation (Internal Exhalation Valve) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-80 Exhalation System Operation (External Exhalation Valve) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-80 PEEP Operation during Exhalation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-81 Keyboard Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-83 20-Character Display Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-84 Numeric Display Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-84 LED Indicator Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-86 Alarm Summary Display Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-88 Audio Alarm Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-89 Analog Meter Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-90 Nurse Call Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-92 A/D Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-93 Proportional Solenoid Valve Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-95 Bus Timeout Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-96 Power Failure Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-99 Watchdog Timeout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-101 Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-103 Back-up Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-105 Safety Valve Open Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-108 Wall Air-to-Compressor Switchover (Sheet 1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-109 Wall Air-to-Compressor Switchover (Sheet 2 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-110 Configuration Message Definitions (Ventilators with DCI Option). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3 Location of DIP Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3 DIP Switch Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5 Installing 7202 Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6 Connecting 7202 Display Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7 Analog Output Pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8 Installing Pulse Oximetry Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9 Installing Flex Arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11 Elapsed Time Meter (ETM) Locations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2 Checking Resistance of Main Flow or Exhalation Bacteria Filter Using Ventilator . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3 Checking Resistance of Bacteria Filter Using Metered Air Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4 Removing Electronics Compartment Cooling Fan Filter (Removable Louver Panel) . . . . . . . . . . .4-5 Removing Electronics Compartment Cooling Fan (One-Piece Left-Hand Panel) . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-6 Removing Compressor Compartment Cooling Fan Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7 LED Indicators on the 80188 CPU PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3 LED Indicators on the 8088 CPU PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3 Location of EST Button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-7 7202 Display during Total EST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-8 7202 Display during Quick EST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-8 Enhanced-Plus Keyboard Controls and Indicators Used in EST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-11 Enhanced Keyboard Controls and Indicators Used in EST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-11 Basic Keyboard Controls and Indicators Used in EST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-12 EST Status Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-16 Connecting the PTS 2000 and Computer
Figures
(if using BreathLab PTS software) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4 Attaching Tubing Between the 7200 Ventilator and PTS 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5 Enhanced-Plus Keyboard Lamp Test Sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12 Enhanced Keyboard Lamp Test Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13 Basic Keyboard Lamp Test Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13 Analog Output Connector Pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15 Testing Power Supply Output Voltages (non-EMI card cage shown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17 Figure 7-8. Attaching Nebulizer Tubing to PTS 2000 (Tests 9 and 10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20 Figure 7-9. Setup for Test 14, Step 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-29 Figure 7-10. Setup for Test 14, Step 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-30 Figure 9-1. Opening Left Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2 Figure 9-2. Removing Electronics Compartment Fan Filter (Removable Louver Panel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3 Figure 9-3. Removing Electronics Compartment Fan Filter (One-Piece Left Panel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4 Figure 9-4. Removing Electronics Compartment Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5 Figure 9-5. Clipping Fan Alarm Wires (All 220/240 V Units Except German) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7 Figure 9-6. Removing Left and Corner Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8 Figure 9-7. Removing Pulse Oximetry Extension Cable and Retainers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9 Figure 9-8. Location of Rail Tags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10 Figure 9-9. Location of Serial Number Plate in Bottom-Loading Exhalation Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12 Figure 9-10. Removing Ventilator Cabinet Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-14 Figure 10-1. Removing Pneumatic Chassis Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2 Figure 10-2. Removing Oxygen and Air Sensor Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3 Figure 10-3. Water Trap/Filter Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4 Figure 10-4. Removing Water Trap/Filter Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5 Figure 10-5. Disassembling Water Trap/Filter Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6 Figure 10-6. Q1/T1 Sensor Assembly and EPROM Matched Pair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8 Figure 10-7. Pneumatic Chassis Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10 Figure 10-8. Removing PS4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11 Figure 10-9. Removing Pneumatic Chassis Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15 Figure 10-10. REG1/REG2 Adjustment Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18 Figure 10-11. SOL1/SOL2 Exploded View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-20 Figure 10-12. Adjusting REG4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24 Figure 11-1. Power Supply Voltage and Trip Point Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2 Figure 11-2. Power Fail Trip Point Calibration Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-4 Figure 11-3. Disconnecting Top-Mounted Surge Suppressor Harness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5 Figure 11-4. Disconnecting Harnesses from Utility Panel Terminal Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-6 Figure 11-5. Removing Power Supply Assembly and Top-Mounted External Surge Suppressor . . . . . . . . . . 11-8 Figure 11-6. Removing Power Supply Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-10 Figure 11-7. Isolation Transformer Terminal Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-11 Figure 12-1. Utility Panel Terminal Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2 Figure 12-2. Disconnecting Top-Mounted Surge Suppressor Harness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-3 Figure 12-3. Removing Utility Panel Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-4 Figure 12-4. Removing Utility Panel Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-6 Figure 12-5. Removing Utility Panel Harness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-8 Figure 12-6. Removing Line Voltage Filter from 220/240 V Utility Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-10 Figure 13-1. Removing Exhalation Bacteria Filter and Heater from Bottom-Loading Exhalation Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-2 Figure 13-2. Front-Loading Exhalation Compartment Components (Internal Exhalation Valve) . . . . . . . . . . 13-3 Figure 7-2. Figure 7-3. Figure 7-4. Figure 7-5. Figure 7-6. Figure 7-7.
xxi
Figures
Front-Loading Exhalation Compartment Components (External Exhalation Valve) . . . . . . . . . .13-4 Removing Q3/T3, Check Valve Assembly, and Exhalation Valve from Bottom-Loading Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-6 Figure 13-5. Detaching Audio Alarm Harness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-7 Figure 13-6. Removing Exhalation Valve from Front-Loading Compartment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-10 Figure 13-7. Removing Bacteria Filter Heater from Front-Loading Exhalation Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . .13-11 Figure 13-8. Removing Audio Alarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-13 Figure 13-9. Removing Bottom-Loading Exhalation Compartment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-15 Figure 13-10. Removing Front-Loading Exhalation Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-17 Figure 13-11. Location of Serial Number Plate (Front-Loading Exhalation Compartment) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-18 Figure 14-1. Motherboard PCB Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-2 Figure 14-2. EMI Filter Connector Plate Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-3 Figure 14-3. Card Cage Assembly, 80188-Based Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-5 Figure 14-4. Card Cage Assembly, 8088-Based Units with Pulse Oximetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-6 Figure 14-5. Card Cage Assembly, 8088-Based Units without Pulse Oximetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-7 Figure 14-6. Jumper Connector Positions on Pulse Oximetry PCB. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-10 Figure 14-7. 80188 CPU PCB: EPROM Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-12 Figure 14-8. 8088 CPU PCB: EPROM Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-12 Figure 14-9. DCI-Display Controller PCB: Option PAL and Flow Sensor EPROM Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-13 Figure 14-10. Memory PCB: EPROM and PAL Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-13 Figure 14-11. EPROM/PAL Removal Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-14 Figure 14-12. Close-up of EPROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-15 Figure 14-13. Inserting EPROM/PAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-16 Figure 14-14. Locations of R84, R85, and R86 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-18 Figure 14-15. R84 Calibration Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-19 Figure 14-16. Disconnecting Cables from EMI Card Cage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-22 Figure 14-17. Removing Card Cage Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14-23 Figure 15-1. Installing Status Lamps in Ventilator with Basic Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-2 Figure 15-2. Raising Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-3 Figure 15-3. Console Components with Console in Raised Position (Enhanced Console Shown) . . . . . . . . .15-4 Figure 15-4. Console Components with Console in Raised Position (Enhanced-Plus Console Shown) . . . . . .15-5 Figure 15-5. Removing REG5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-6 Figure 15-6. Removing Analog Meter from Enhanced Console. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-7 Figure 15-7. Removing Analog Meter from Basic Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-8 Figure 15-8. Adjusting Analog Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-10 Figure 15-9. Cutting Alarm Retaining Straps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-11 Figure 15-10. Removing Front Panel Assembly from Enhanced-Plus Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-12 Figure 15-11. Removing Shield from Front Panel Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-13 Figure 15-12. Aligning Edge of CR39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-14 Figure 15-13. Aligning Scale Marks with LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-15 Figure 15-14. Installing Option Tabs and Gasket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-16 Figure 15-15. Removing Front Panel Display PCB and Keyboard from Enhanced Console Assembly . . . . . . .15-17 Figure 15-16. Removing Front Panel Display PCB and Keyboard from Basic Console Assembly. . . . . . . . . . .15-20 Figure 15-17. Pulsed Alarm PCB on Enhanced-Plus Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-22 Figure 15-18. Pulsed Alarm PCB on Basic or Enhanced Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-23 Figure 15-19. Main Flow Bacteria Filter Compartment Door. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-24 Figure 16-1. Removing Compressor Compartment Cover Access Panels and Air Compressor Filter. . . . . . . .16-2 Figure 16-2. Compressor Compartment Viewed from Rear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-3 Figure 16-3. Compressor Compartment ac Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-4 Figure 13-3. Figure 13-4.
xxii
Figures
Figure 16-4. Figure 16-5. Figure 16-6. Figure 16-7. Figure 16-8. Figure 16-9. Figure 17-1. Figure 17-2. Figure 18-1. Figure 18-2. Figure 19-1. Figure 19-2. Figure 19-3. Figure 19-4. Figure 19-5. Figure 19-6. Figure 19-7. Figure 20-1. Figure 20-2. Figure 20-3. Figure 20-4. Figure 20-5. Figure 20-6. Figure 20-7. Figure 20-8. Figure 20-9. Figure 20-10. Figure 20-11. Figure 20-12. Figure 20-13. Figure 20-14. Figure 20-15. REG3 Adjustment Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-7 PS3/REG3 Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-10 Removing Compressor and Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-12 Compressor Terminal Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-14 Orienting Base Fan Cord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-14 Compressor Pedestal Base Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-16 Removing Ventilator Pedestal Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-2 Removing Pedestal Bumpers and Casters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-4 Removing Ventilator Cart and Serviceable Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-3 Removing Drawer from Ventilator Cart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-5 Removing and Repairing Top Cabinet Panel and Top Cover (Unmodified Version). . . . . . . . . . 19-2 Removing and Repairing Top Cabinet Panel and Top Cover (7250 Monitor Mount Version) . . 19-3 Removing Back Panel and Inner Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-5 Removing Connector Bracket (Seven-Slot Shown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-7 Removing Cable and Harness Assemblies from Non-EMI 7-Connector Bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-8 Removing Cables and Harness Assemblies from EMI 7-Connector Bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-9 Removing Cables from 2-Connector Bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-10 7202 Display (Rear Switch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-2 7202 Display (No External Switch). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-3 7202 Display (Rear Switch)/7200 Series Ventilator Interconnection Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-5 7202 Display (No External Switch)/7200 Series Ventilator Interconnections Diagram. . . . . . . . 20-6 Patient Data Monitoring Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-8 Ventilator Settings 1 Screen (Volume Ventilation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-9 Ventilator Settings 1 Screen (Pressure Control Ventilation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-9 Ventilator Settings 2 Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-10 Alarm screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-10 <++> Key Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-12 Quick EST Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-12 Total EST Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-13 Printer Switch Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-16 Removing/Replacing the Rear Housing (Displays with Rear Switch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-17 Removing/Replacing the Internal Harness from the Rear Housing (Displays with Rear Switch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-18 Figure 20-16. Removing/Replacing the Rear Housing (no External Switch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-19 Figure 20-17. PCB Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-21 Figure 20-18. Piggyback PCB. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-22 Figure 20-19. Power Supply PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-23 Figure 20-20. Controller PCB. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-24 Figure 20-21. Electroluminescent PCB with Ribbon Cable Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-25 Figure 20-22. Swivel Arm Assembly (Displays with Rear Switch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-28 Figure 20-23. Swivel Arm Assembly (Displays with No External Switch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-29 Figure 20-24. Handle and Swivel Arm Assembly (Displays with No External Switch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-30 Figure 20-25. Bottom Plate, Spring assembly, And Swivel Arm Assembly (Displays with Rear Switch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-31 Figure 20-26. Bottom Plate, Spring Assembly, and Swivel Arm Assembly (Displays with No External Switch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-32 Figure 20-27. Swivel Arm Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-33 Figure 20-28. Setting the Display Switch (Displays with Rear Switch Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-37 Figure 20-29. Moving the 7202 Controller PCB Jumper from E3 to E7 (Displays with no External Switch) . . 20-38
xxiii
Figures
Figure 20-30. Figure 20-31. Figure 20-32. Figure 20-33. Figure 20-34. Figure 20-35. Figure A-1. Figure A-2. Figure A-3. Figure A-4. Figure B-1. Figure B-1. Figure 2-2. Figure 2-3. Figure B-4. Figure B-5. Figure B-6. Figure B-7. Figure C-1. Figure C-2. Figure C-2. Figure 3-3. Figure C-3. Figure D-1. Figure D-2. Figure D-3. Figure D-4. Figure D-5. Figure D-6. Figure D-7. Figure D-8. Figure 4-9. Figure 0-10. Figure 0-11. Figure 0-12. Figure 0-13. Figure D-14. Figure E-1. Figure 5-2. Figure 5-3. Figure E-3. Figure F-1. Figure F-2. Figure F-3. Figure G-1. Figure G-2. Figure G-3. Figure G-4. Figure G-5.
xxiv
7202 Display Voltage Test Points (Early Version of Power Supply PCB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20-39 7202 Display Voltage Test Points (Current Version of Power Supply PCB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20-41 Fusible Link and Transistor Screws (Early Version of Power Supply PCB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20-42 Testing Across the Capacitor (Early Version of Power Supply PCB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20-43 Printer Self-Test Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20-45 Screen Template EPROM (U17) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20-47 Part Numbering Marking and Upgrade Labels (samples shown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2 E/C Record Label (sample shown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2 Rail Tags and Option Tabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3 Sample Shipping Document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4 7200 Series Ventilatory System (Sheet 1 of 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-1 7200 Series Ventilatory System (Sheet 2 of 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-2 7200 Series Ventilatory System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-7 7250 Metabolic Monitor Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-9 Earlier Flex Arm Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-11 Later Flex Arm Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-13 Patient Pressure Water Trap Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-15 Wall Air Water Trap Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-17 Ventilator Assemblies, Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1 100/115 V and Earlier 220/240 V Ventilator (Sheet 1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-9 100/115 V and Earlier 220/240 V Ventilator (Sheet 2 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-11 220/240 V EMI Ventilator (Sheet 1 of 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-20 220/240 V EMI Ventilator (Sheet 2 of 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-23 Pneumatic Chassis Assembly (EMI and non-EMI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1 Pneumatic Chassis Assembly (EMI/Non-EMI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-5 Air Inlet Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-9 Oxygen Inlet Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-13 Oxygen or Air Flow Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-15 Upper Pneumatic Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-17 Safety Relief Valve/Back Pressure Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-19 Proportional Valve Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-23 Lower Pneumatic Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-27 Pneumatic Chassis Assembly Tubing Diagram for External Exhalation Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-29 Pneumatic Chassis Assembly Fitting Diagram for External Exhalation Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-31 Pneumatic Chassis Assembly Tubing Diagram for Internal Exhalation Valves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-33 Pneumatic Chassis Assembly Fitting Diagram for Internal Exhalation Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-35 Exhalation Pilot Pressure Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-37 Power Supply Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1 100/115 V Power Supply Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-6 220/240 V Power Supply Assembly (Sheet 1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-13 220/240 V Power Supply Assembly (Sheet 2 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-14 Utility Panel Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-1 100/115 V and Earlier 220/240 V Utility Panel Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-5 220/240 V (EMI) Utility Panel Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-9 Exhalation Compartment Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-1 Bottom-Loading Exhalation Compartment Assembly with Internal Exhalation Valve . . . . . . . . . G-7 Bottom-Loading Exhalation Compartment Assembly with External Exhalation Valve. . . . . . . . G-11 Front-Loading Exhalation Compartment Assembly with Internal Exhalation Valve. . . . . . . . . . G-15 Front-Loading Exhalation Compartment Assembly with External Exhalation Valve . . . . . . . . . G-19
Figures
Figure H-1. Figure 8-2. Figure 8-3. Figure H-4. Figure I-1. Figure 9-2. Figure 9-3. Figure 9-4. Figure J-1. Figure J-2. Figure J-3. Figure J-4. Figure J-5. Figure 10-6. Figure J-7. Figure J-8. Figure 10-9. Figure J-10. Figure K-1. Figure 11-2. Figure K-3. Figure L-1. Figure L-2. Figure L-3. Figure L-4. Figure L-5. Figure M-1. Figure 13-2. Figure 13-3. Figure M-4. Figure M-5. Figure M-6. Figure N-1. Figure N-2. Figure N-3. Figure O-1. Figure O-2. Figure O-3. Figure P-1. Figure P-2. Figure P-3. Figure P-4. Card Cage Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H-1 Non-EMI Card Cage Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H-5 EMI Card Cage Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H-9 EMI Card Cage Connector Plate Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H-11 Console Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1 Enhanced-Plus Console Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-5 Enhanced Console Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-9 Basic Console Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-15 Connector Bracket Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-1 7-Connector Bracket Assembly (Non-EMI, 80188-Based Units, with Pulse Oximetry) . . . . . . . . . J-3 7-Connector Bracket Assembly (Non-EMI, 80188-Based Units, without Pulse Oximetry) . . . . . . J-6 7-Connector Bracket Assembly (EMI, 80188-Based Units) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-8 7-Connector Bracket Assembly (Non-EMI, 80188-Based Units, with Earlier Harness) . . . . . . . . J-10 7-Connector Bracket Assembly (8088-Based Units) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-13 7-Connector Bracket Assembly (Non-EMI, 7200spe/7200e, with Earlier Harness) . . . . . . . . . . . J-15 4-Connector Bracket Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-18 3-Connector Bracket Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-21 2-Connector Bracket Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-23 Ventilator Cabinet Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K-1 100/115 V and Earlier 220/240 V Ventilator Cabinet Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K-7 Later 220/240 V (EMI) Ventilator Cabinet Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K-15 Back Panel Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L-1 7-Connector Back Panel Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L-5 3-Connector Back Panel Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L-7 2-Connector Back Panel Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L-9 Model 7200 Back Panel Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L-11 Compressor Pedestal Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M-1 Compressor Pedestal Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M-7 Compressor Pedestal Base Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M-11 Lower Compressor Compartment Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M-15 Upper Compressor Compartment Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M-17 Compressor Pedestal Tubing Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M-19 Ventilator Pedestal Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N-1 Ventilator Pedestal Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N-3 Ventilator Pedestal Base Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N-7 Ventilator Cart Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O-1 Ventilator Cart Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O-3 Ventilator Cart Drawer Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O-5 7202 Display (Rear Switch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P-1 7202 Display (No External Switch). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P-3 PCB Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P-5 Swivel Arm Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P-7
xxv
Figures
xxvi
TABLES
Table 1-1. Table 1-2. Table 1-3. Table 1-4. Table 1-5. Table 1-6. Table 1-7. Table 1-8. Table 1-9. Table 1-10. Table 1-11. Table 1-12. Table 2-1. Table 2-2. Table 2-1. Table 2-2. Table 3-1. Table 3-2. Table 4-1. Table 4-2. Table 4-3. Table 5-1. Table 5-2. Table 5-1. Table 5-2. Table 6-1. Table 6-2. Table 6-3. Table 6-4. Table 6-5. Table 6-6. Table 7-1. Table 7-2. Table 7-3. Table 7-4. Table 8-1. Table 8-2. Table 14-1. Table 14-2. Table 20-1.
Ventilator Model Characteristics .................................................................................................. 1-4 Specifications for Compatible Printer ........................................................................................... 1-6 Special Hardware Requirements for Options ................................................................................ 1-8 Physical Characteristics ................................................................................................................ 1-9 Environmental Requirements ....................................................................................................... 1-9 Electrical Power Specifications ................................................................................................... 1-10 Pneumatic Specifications ........................................................................................................... 1-11 Performance Characteristics ...................................................................................................... 1-12 Recommended Tools, Test Equipment, and Service Materials .................................................... 1-14 Specifications for Equivalent Test Equipment ............................................................................. 1-16 Service Kits ................................................................................................................................ 1-17 Controls and Indicators ............................................................................................................. 1-19 Pneumatic Components Data ...................................................................................................... 2-2 Electrical Units and Their Functions ........................................................................................... 2-30 Back-up Ventilation Causes and Indications ............................................................................. 2-100 Safety Valve Open Causes and Indications ............................................................................... 2-103 Checking DIP Switch Settings (DCI 2.0 Installed) ......................................................................... 3-2 Checking DIP Switch Settings (DCI 1.0 Installed) ......................................................................... 3-2 Schedule of Periodic Maintenance ............................................................................................... 4-1 Preventive Maintenance Kits ........................................................................................................ 4-7 Cleaning and Sterilizing of Ventilator Parts and Surfaces .............................................................. 4-8 Self-tests ..................................................................................................................................... 5-1 Displays Used in EST Operation ................................................................................................. 5-10 80188-Based Ventilator Memory Map ....................................................................................... 5-18 8088-Based Ventilator Memory Map ......................................................................................... 5-18 POST Error Codes (80188-Based Units) ....................................................................................... 6-3 POST Error Codes (8088-Based Units) ......................................................................................... 6-7 Soft Error (All Units) ................................................................................................................... 6-10 EST Errors (All Units) .................................................................................................................. 6-13 Communications Errors (All Units) ............................................................................................. 6-37 Faults (All Units) ........................................................................................................................ 6-38 Recommended Performance Verification Intervals ....................................................................... 7-2 Test Equipment Required for Performance Verification ................................................................ 7-2 Puritan Bennett Service Materials Required for Performance Verification ...................................... 7-3 Acceptable Current Draw Values ................................................................................................. 7-7 Paint/Lacquer Colors ................................................................................................................... 8-4 Electrostatic Shielding Bags ......................................................................................................... 8-5 Jumper Connector Installation ................................................................................................... 14-9 Recommended Configuration of PCBs in Card Cage ............................................................... 14-10 Display Screen Specifications ..................................................................................................... 20-7
xxvii
Tables
Test Voltages ...........................................................................................................................20-40 Electrostatic Shielding Bags ........................................................................................................21-3 List of Abbreviations .................................................................................................................... A-7 Electrical and Pneumatic Component Reference Designators ...................................................... A-9 Ventilator Appearance Kit Parts ................................................................................................. A-11 2,500-Hour Ventilator Unit Preventive Maintenance Kit Parts List (Basic Keyboard) ......................................................................................................................... A-13 Table A-5. 2,500-Hour Ventilator Unit Preventive Maintenance Kit Parts List (Enhanced/Enhanced-Plus Keyboard) .......................................................................................... A-14 Table A-6. 10,000-Hour Ventilator Preventive Maintenance Kit Parts List ................................................... A-14 Table A-7. 2,500-Hour Compressor Compartment Preventive Maintenance Kit Parts List ........................... A-16 Table A-8. 10,000-Hour Compressor Compartment Preventive Maintenance Kit Parts List ......................... A-16 Table A-9. Spare Parts Kit Parts List ............................................................................................................ A-17 Table B-1. 7200 Series Ventilatory System Assemblies and Accessories Parts List ...........................................B-3 Table B-2. 7250 Metabolic Monitor Assembly Parts List ................................................................................B-8 Table B-3. Earlier Flex Arm Assembly Parts List ............................................................................................B-10 Table B-4. Later Flex Arm Assembly Parts List ..............................................................................................B-12 Table B-5. Patient Pressure Water Trap Assembly Parts List ..........................................................................B-14 Table B-6. Wall Air Water Trap Assembly Parts List ......................................................................................B-16 Table C-1. 100/115 V and Earlier 220/240 V Ventilator Assembly Parts List .................................................. C-2 Table C-2. 220/240 V EMI Ventilator Assembly Parts List ............................................................................ C-13 Table D-1. Pneumatic Chassis Assemblies (EMI/Non-EMI) Parts List .............................................................. D-3 Table D-2. Air Inlet Assembly Parts List ......................................................................................................... D-6 Table D-3. Oxygen Inlet Assembly Parts List ............................................................................................... D-10 Table D-4. Oxygen and Air Flow Sensors Parts List ..................................................................................... D-14 Table D-5. Upper Pneumatic Chassis Parts List ........................................................................................... D-16 Table D-6. Safety Relief Valve/Back Pressure Kit Parts List ............................................................................ D-18 Table D-7. Proportional Valve Group Parts List ........................................................................................... D-21 Table D-8. Lower Pneumatic Chassis Parts List ............................................................................................ D-25 Table D-9. Pneumatic Chassis Assembly Tubing Parts List for Units with External Exhalation Valves ............ D-28 Table D-10. Pneumatic Chassis Assembly Fitting Parts List for Units with External Exhalation Valves ............. D-30 Table D-11. Pneumatic Chassis Assembly Tubing Parts List for Units with Internal Exhalation Valves ............. D-32 Table D-12. Pneumatic Chassis Assembly Fitting Parts List for Units with Internal Exhalation Valves .............. D-34 Table D-13. Exhalation Pilot Pressure Kit Parts List ........................................................................................ D-36 Table E-1. 100/115 V Power Supply Assembly Parts List ............................................................................... E-2 Table E-2. 220/240 V Power Supply Assembly Parts List ............................................................................... E-7 Table F-1. 100/115 V and Earlier (Non-EMI) 220/240 V Utility Panel Assembly Parts List .............................. F-3 Table F-2. 220/240 V (EMI) Utility Panel Assembly Parts List ......................................................................... F-7 Table G-1. Bottom-Loading Exhalation Compartment Assembly with Internal Exhalation Valve Parts List ..... G-2 Table G-2. Bottom-Loading Exhalation Compartment Assembly with External Exhalation Valve Parts List ..... G-8 Table G-3. Front-Loading Exhalation Compartment Assembly with Internal Exhalation Valve Parts List ....... G-12 Table G-4. Front-Loading Exhalation Compartment Assembly with External Exhalation Valve Parts List ...... G-16 Table H-1. Non-EMI Card Cage Assembly Parts List ...................................................................................... H-2 Table H-2. Recommended Configurations .................................................................................................... H-5 Table H-3. EMI Card Cage Assembly Parts List .............................................................................................. H-7 Table H-4. EMI Card Cage Connector Plate Assembly Parts List .................................................................. H-10 Table I-1. Enhanced-Plus Console Assembly Parts List ...................................................................................I-2 Table I-2. Enhanced Console Assembly Parts List ..........................................................................................I-7 Table I-3. Basic Console Assembly Parts List ................................................................................................I-11 Table 20-2. Table 21-1. Table A-1. Table A-2. Table A-3. Table A-4.
xxviii
Tables
Table J-1. Table J-2. Table J-3. Table J-4. Table J-5. Table J-6. Table J-7. Table J-8. Table J-9. Table K-1. Table K-2. Table L-1. Table L-2. Table L-3. Table L-4. Table M-1. Table M-2. Table M-3. Table M-4. Table M-5. Table N-1. Table N-2. Table O-1. Table O-2. Table P-1. Table P-2. Table P-3. Table P-4. 7-Connector Bracket Assembly (Non-EMI, 80188-Based Units, with Pulse Oximetry) Parts List ........................................................................................................ J-2 7-Connector Bracket Assembly (Non-EMI, 80188-Based Units, without Pulse Oximetry) Parts List ................................................................................................... J-4 7-Connector Bracket Assembly (EMI, 80188-Based Units) Parts List .............................................. J-6 7-Connector Bracket Assembly (Non-EMI, 80188-Based Units, with Earlier Harness) Parts List ...... J-8 7-Connector Bracket Assembly (Non-EMI, 8088-Based Units) Parts List ...................................... J-10 7-Connector Bracket Assembly (Non-EMI, 7200spe/7200e, with Earlier Harness) Parts List ......... J-12 4-Connector Bracket Assembly Parts List ..................................................................................... J-14 3-Connector Bracket Assembly Parts List ..................................................................................... J-16 2-Connector Bracket Assembly Parts List ..................................................................................... J-20 100/115 V and Earlier 220/240 V Ventilator Cabinet Assembly Parts List ..................................... K-3 Later 220/240 V (EMI) Ventilator Cabinet Assembly Parts List ...................................................... K-9 7-Connector Back Panel Assembly Parts List ................................................................................ L-3 3-Connector Back Panel Assembly Parts List ................................................................................ L-6 2-Connector Back Panel Assembly Parts List ................................................................................ L-8 Model 7200 Back Panel Assembly Parts List ............................................................................... L-10 Compressor Pedestal Assembly Parts List .................................................................................... M-3 Compressor Pedestal Base Assembly Parts List ............................................................................ M-9 Lower Compressor Compartment Assembly Parts List ............................................................... M-13 Upper Compressor Compartment Assembly Parts List .............................................................. M-16 Compressor Pedestal Tubing .................................................................................................... M-18 Ventilator Pedestal Assembly Parts List ........................................................................................ N-2 Ventilator Pedestal Base Assembly Parts List ................................................................................ N-5 Ventilator Cart Assembly Parts List .............................................................................................. O-2 Ventilator Cart Drawer Assembly Parts List .................................................................................. O-4 7202 Display Parts List (Rear Switch) ........................................................................................... P-2 7202 Display (No External Switch) .............................................................................................. P-3 PCB Assembly Parts List ............................................................................................................... P-6 Swivel Arm Assembly Parts List .................................................................................................... P-8
xxix
Tables
xxx
SECTION SECTION
General Information
This section provides introductory information for the Puritan-Bennett 7200 Series Ventilatory System. Included is information on ventilator configurations, performance specifications and characteristics, software options and a list of recommended tools and test equipment.
1.1
Safety
Warning To prevent personal injury or death, do not attempt any ventilator service, repair, or parts replacement while a patient or other person is connected to the ventilator, or when the ventilator is connected to ac power. To prevent disease transmission, use personal protective equipment when handling contaminated bacterial filters or other patient accessories. Use Cavicide or equivalent to kill bloodborne pathogens, as required. Ventilator maintenance may involve exposure to hazardous materials, equipment and conditions such as: possible electrical shock; pressurized gas; transmittable diseases; and fire, which could result from an oxygen-enriched environment and easily ignitable material. Before servicing the 7200 Series Ventilatory System, be aware of possible hazards and take necessary precautions. Familiarize yourself with and adhere to all safety warnings and cautions on the ventilator labels and in related publications, including this manual. Also familiarize yourself with any warnings and cautions associated with the service equipment and materials being used, as well as those posted in the facility where the ventilator is serviced. Failure to adhere to such warnings and cautions at all times may result in injury or property damage. Use any applicable personal protective equipment and adhere to its applicable warnings and cautions. Be aware of any safety standards and considerations specific to your situation. Safety standards may vary with international, federal, state, and local regulatory agencies. When in doubt, consult material safety data sheets; environmental, health, and safety professionals; and regulatory affairs specialists. In addition, many facilities and institutions may have their own safety procedures. Be sure to follow these in addition to the precautions here. After servicing the ventilator, ensure it passes the performance verification test (Section 7) before it is returned to operation. Performance verification ensures the safe operation of the ventilator and its functional integrity.
1-1
1
1.2 General Product Description
General Information
The 7200 Series Ventilator and its various options and accessories comprise the 7200 Series Ventilatory System, shown in Figure 1-1. The systems capabilities range from controlled mandatory breathing to fully spontaneous breathing. It operates in CMV, SIMV, and CPAP modes. The 7200 ventilator delivers breaths according to parameters and other data input by the operator via a membrane keyboard. The ventilator communicates with the operator by displaying parameters, system-generated messages, alarms, and other indications on the ventilator front panel. An audio alarm also alerts the operator to emergency situations. The 7200 ventilator has provisions for a metabolic monitor which, when installed, assists the physician in determining vital respiratory and metabolic needs of a patient. The ventilator is an electrically powered tabletop unit that operates on pressurized air and oxygen sources. A pedestal or cart assembly is available to support the ventilator. An optional compressor assembly installed in the pedestal provides compressed air if wall air is not available.
1.3
Configuration Information
The 7200 Series Ventilatory System is currently available in a variety of versions, intended to meet differing needs and regulations throughout the world. In addition, various software and hardware changes have been made to the ventilator since its introduction.
1-2
General Information
2-00217
1-3
1
1.3.2 Model Differences
General Information
Reflecting these major configuration differences, the 7200 Series includes several currentlyavailable models: the 7200ae, 7200spe, and 7200e. Table 1-1 lists the characteristics of these models. Table 1-1: Ventilator Model Characteristics
Model 7200ae CPU 80188 Keyboard Enhanced-Plus enhanced, or basic Enhanced-Plus enhanced, or basic Enhanced-Plus enhanced, or basic Exhalation compartment Bottomloading Exhalation valve Internal Notes Console says 7200 series ventilatory system. May have a rail tag saying 7200ae. Console says 7200 series ventilatory system. May have a rail tag saying 7200spe. Console says 7200 series ventilatory system. May have a rail tag saying 7200e.
7200spe
80188
Bottomloading
Internal
7200e
80188
Bottomloading
External
Only the electrical system needs to be operational to view the ventilator software information on the ventilator display. To view the ventilator model, keyboard type, software part number, revision level and option code, press the ventilator <LAMP TEST> key during normal ventilation. If the ventilators software information is not displayed, enter into EST and at either the [QUICK EST] or [TOTAL EST] prompt, press the <I:E RATIO> key.
1-4
General Information
In 80188-based ventilators, software information is displayed as follows:
a b c nnnnn-85-r xyz
Option code Software revision level Software part number MegaCPU PCB installed? (May not be installed in earlier software versions) M = yes Blank = no (keyboard type) B = basic E = enhanced P = Enhanced-Plus (ventilator model) T = 7200ae S = 7200spe E = 7200e In 8088-based ventilators (which are no longer manufactured), software information is displayed as follows:
aaa nnnnn-85-r xyz
Option code Software revision level Software part number (ventilator model/keyboard type) REV = 7200a SP = 7200sp SPI = 7200spi
1.3.4 Accessories
The following accessories can be used with the ventilator. Patient system, either conventional or simplified. The use of a Puritan Bennett patient tubing circuit is recommended. Humidifier. The ventilator includes an electrical ac socket and a mounting plate to accommodate a humidifier. 7202 Display. Supplements the visual information provided on the ventilators keyboard display panel by providing enhanced viewing of ventilator messages, detailed readouts of ventilator settings and status, and visibility of ventilator conditions from a wide variety of angles and distances. See Section 20 for information on servicing this accessory.
1-5
General Information
7250 Metabolic Monitor. Measures O2 consumption and CO2 production of patients on the 7200ae Ventilator. Uses these measurements and other calculations to help determine the patients ventilatory, metabolic, and nutritional requirements. See the 7250 Metabolic Monitor Service and Operators Manual (P/N 4-022396-00) for information on servicing this accessory. Oxygen Monitor. It is recommended that an Oxygen monitor be used with the ventilator to provide a backup means of monitoring oxygen concentrations. The MiniOx 3000 (P/N 4-023698-00) is available and can be mounted to the ventilator with the MiniOx 3000 Vent Mount bracket (P/N 4-023413-00). Analog recorder/remote nurse call unit. An analog output connector on the utility panel permits connection to a remote nurse call unit. (Puritan Bennett does not supply analog recorders, remote nurse call units, or the cables to connect them.) Printer. The Digital Communications Interface option (Option 20) provides a method for sending pre-formatted reports to a printer. Table 1-2 lists the specifications for a compatible printer. Table 1-2: Specifications for Compatible Printer
Description Print method Printing pitch Line spacing Paper size Paper feed Graphics Communications interface: Communications Parity/data size Transmission Protocol Connector Cable Requirements Inkjet or impact dot matrix 80 characters per line (normal), 132 characters per line (compressed) 6 lines per inch 8.5 x 11 inches Continuous (pin) feed or friction feed Epson FX-85 compatible EIA-232C, serial, 9600 bps None/8 bit Full duplex XON/XOFF 25-pin, male, sub-D type Shielded, jacketed, null-modem (P/N 4-018061-00 or equivalent)
1.3.5 Options
Because the 7200 Series Ventilator is microprocessor-controlled, software and hardware options can be added. Consult your Puritan Bennett sales representative for information on ordering any of the following options. Table 1-3 lists the ventilator hardware required to run these options. Option 10: Pressure Support. Permits the operator to select a positive pressure that is active during the inspiratory phase of any spontaneous breath. In some cases, Pressure Support may reduce the patients inspiratory work of breathing by negating the resistance at the endotracheal tube. Option 20: Digital Communications Interface (DCI). The earlier version (DCI 1.0) equips the ventilator to transmit pre-formatted reports to a printer. The later version (DCI 2.0) allows you to configure one of the ventilators ports either for a printer or for a second interactive device (other than the 7250 Metabolic Monitor). The ability to communicate with one interactive device plus the 7250 Monitor is a standard feature on the ventilator.
1-6
General Information
Option 30/40: Respiratory Mechanics/Monitoring. Allows the ventilator to perform respiratory maneuvers and monitoring with no special setup. The maneuvers measure, calculate, and display parameters that describe the mechanical status of a patients lung and respiratory muscles. The Static Mechanics maneuver calculates static compliance and airway resistance of a patients lungs. The Negative Inspiratory Pressure maneuver measures the maximum sub-PEEP inspiratory pressure a patient can generate against an occluded airway over a three-second period. The Vital Capacity maneuver measures the maximum volume a patient can exhale following a maximal inspiratory effort (not a forced vital capacity). The Dynamic Mechanics monitoring function calculates compliance and airway resistance as a breath is delivered. The Peak Spontaneous Flow monitoring function measures, calculates, and displays the maximum inspiratory flow for spontaneous breaths. During all maneuvers, the patient-ventilator connection remains undisturbed. Option 50: Flow-by. Minimizes the delay between the patients inspiratory effort and the supply of gas to the patient wye. Supplies a predetermined flow of gas to the patient tubing circuit before inspiration, making fresh gas available to the patient as soon as inspiratory effort begins. Requires an internal exhalation valve and in-circuit water traps. The later version (Flow-by 2.0) provides the added advantage that all patient-initiated breaths, including pressure-supported breaths and apnea ventilation, can be flowtriggered. Option 60: Graphics. Enhances the monitoring capabilities of the 7200ae by showing patient data and waveform curves on the 7202 Display. Six types of waveform curve show patient activity: Pressure vs. Time, Flow vs. Time, Volume vs. Time, Plethysmograph vs. Time, Pressure vs. Volume, and Flow vs. Volume. The later version (Graphics 2.0) adds a trending capability, allowing up to 12 (from a menu of over 30) parameters to be trended for up to 72 hours; these include metabolic monitoring parameters. Graphics 2.0 also includes these indices: rapid shallow breathing index (RR/VT), fraction of inspiratory time/total cycle time (Ti /Ttot), and mean inspiratory flow (VT/Ti). Option 80: Pressure Control Ventilation. Permits the 7200ae to deliver constantpressure mandatory breaths in CMV, SIMV, and CPAP modes. Unlike volume ventilation, which is designed to deliver mandatory breaths at a preset volume and peak flow, pressure ventilation delivers mandatory breaths, at a preset inspiratory pressure and time or I:E ratio. Volume and flow may vary on a breath-to-breath basis, depending on changes in patient compliance and resistance.
1-7
General Information
Option 90: Pulse Oximetry. A combined hardware accessory and software option that noninvasively determines a patients functional arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) and pulse rate by sensing the absorption of two wavelengths of light passed through living tissue. The hardware that supports this option includes the pulse oximetry PCB, which is integral to the ventilator, and associated cabling and sensors. Table 1-3: Special Hardware Requirements for Options
Option Pressure Support (Option 10) DCI (Option 20) None. DIP switch settings on memory or DCI-display controller PCB set as indicated in Figure 3-3. Internal cabling. Three- or seven-connector bracket on back panel. DCI 2.0 requires a 7200ae or 7200spe configuration. None. Requirements
Respiratory Mechanics/ Monitoring (Option 30/40) Flow-by (Option 50) Graphics (Option 60) Pressure Control Ventilation (Option 80) Pulse Oximetry (Option 90) 7202 Display 7250 Metabolic Monitor
Internal exhalation valve, patient tubing circuit with water traps Flow-by 2.0 requires a 7200ae configuration. 7200ae configuration with 7202 Display. Graphics 2.0 requires a 7200ae Ventilator with megaCPU PCB and 7202 Display. 7200ae configuration. Pulse oximetry PCB. Seven-connector bracket on back panel and internal and external cabling. DIP switch settings on memory or DCI-display controller PCB set as indicated in Figure 3-3. Internal cabling. Three- or seven-connector bracket on back panel. 7200ae configuration with internal exhalation valve, a modified ventilator top panel, exhalation flow sensor (Q3/T3) with matched EPROM (sensor assembly P/N 4-018256-00), DIP switches set as indicated in Figure 3-3, a humidifier reservoir, and software of correct revision. (See 7250 Metabolic Monitor Service and Operators Manual)
1-8
General Information
1.4
Ventilator, stand-alone Ventilator with pedestal or compressor pedestal Ventilator with cart Compressor pedestal or ventilator pedestal Ventilator cart Weight (approximate) Ventilator, stand-alone Ventilator with compressor pedestal Ventilator with pedestal Ventilator with cart Compressor pedestal Ventilator pedestal Ventilator cart
Shipping kg lb 84 146* 127* 111 92* 68 48 185 320 280 245 202 150 105
* Assumes inclusion of accessory box with service manual and miscellaneous items. Refer to Section 20, Repacking and Storage.
1-9
1
Table 1-5: Environmental Requirements
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Shielding/protection
General Information
Voltage (V ac) 115 10% 100 10% 100 10% 220 10% 220 10% 240 10% 115 10% 100 10% 100 10% 220 10% 220 10% 240 10%
Frequency (Hz) 60 5% 50 3% 60 5% 50 3% 60 5% 50 3% 60 50 60 50 60 50 5% 3% 5% 3% 5% 3%
+4.95 to +5.05 V +11.88 to +12.12 V +14.85 to +15.15 V -15.15 to -14.85 V 230 W 125 V hospital-grade; UL- and CSA-approved 3.05 m (10 ft)
1-10
General Information
Table 1-6: Electrical Power Specifications (continued) Miscellaneous Electrical Specifications (continued)
Power cord (220/240 V units) Type Length Batteries (2) Type Voltage Rating Power fail module trip point (see Section 11 for calibration procedure) 100 V ac 115 V ac 220 V ac 240 V ac Battery charger voltage (R84 on interface PCB) 250 V; VDE- and UL-approved 2.5 m (8 ft) Lead acid (sealed) 2.0 to 2.2 V 5 A-hr 82 1 V ac 95 1 V ac 186 1 V ac 204 1 V ac
+4.5 to +4.6 V
Air source connector Oxygen source connector Oxygen/air line filtering capability Other source gas requirement Regulated air and oxygen pressure Monitored flows and volumes (BTPS-corrected) Analog meter tolerance Delivered oxygen concentration BUV air/oxygen tidal volumes (BTPS) (R85 and R86 on interface PCB) Other pneumatic component specifications
1-11
1
Table 1-8: Performance Characteristics
Parameter/Feature Ventilation parameters and features Ventilation modes Inspiration flow waveforms (for mandatory breaths) Tidal volume Respiratory rate Peak Flow Sensitivity Oxygen percentage Plateau PEEP/CPAP Sigh (manual and automatic) Tidal volume Rate Number of sighs per event (automatic sigh only) Other features Alarms and thresholds High airway pressure limit Low airway pressure (during mandatory breaths) Low PEEP/CPAP pressure Low exhaled tidal volume Low exhaled minute volume High respiratory rate Sigh high airway pressure limit CMV, SIMV, and CPAP Square, descending ramp, sine 0.1 to 2.5 liters 0.5 to 70 bpm
General Information
Requirement/Characteristic
120 lpm during mandatory breathing 180 lpm during spontaneous breathing 0.5 to 20 cmH2O below PEEP 21 to 100% 0 to 2 seconds 0 to 45 cmH2O 0.1 to 2.5 liters, not to exceed twice tidal volume 1 to 15 sighs per hour 1 to 3 100% oxygen suction for 2 minutes; manual inspiration; nebulizer with automatic shutoff after 30 minutes
10 to 120 cmH2O (all units except German) or 10 to 100 cmH2O (German Units) 3 to 99 mH2O 0 to 45 mH2O 0 to 2.5 liters 0 to 60 liters 0 to 70 bpm 10 to 120 cmH2O (all units except German) or 10 to 100 cmH2O (German Units), not to exceed twice high airway pressure limit for non-sigh breaths Less than 35 psig (241.33 kPa) Less than one hour reserve power for audio alarm and batterybacked RAM 10 to 60 seconds Inspiration phase longer than 50% of entire breath cycle Over 10% of delivered tidal volume or 50 mL ( whichever is greater) passed through exhalation flow sensor during inspiration Power switch is on and ac power is not being delivered Fan inoperative
Low oxygen/air inlet pressure Low battery Apnea interval Inspiration/exhalation (I:E) ratio Exhalation valve leak
1-12
General Information
Table 1-8: Performance Characteristics (continued)
Parameter/Feature Analog output connector Alarm silence Alarm reset Monitored and displayed parameters Silences audible alarm for 2 minutes Resets ventilator to pre-alarm state of alert Airway pressure (analog), mean airway pressure, peak airway pressure, PEEP/CPAP pressure, plateau pressure, respiratory rate, exhaled volume (digital on all units and also analog on units with basic keyboards), minute volume, spontaneous minute volume, I:E ratio, type of breath (assist, spontaneous, sigh, plateau) Requirement/Characteristic
Ventilator alarm summary displays Safety operating modes Back-up ventilation (BUV)
Ventilator inoperative, alarm, caution, back-up ventilator, safety valve open, normal Provide temporary ventilatory support with factory- or operator-set parameters Mandatory breaths with tidal volume of 0.5 liter, respiratory rate of 12 bpm, peak flow of 45 lpm, O2% of 100 if oxygen is available or 21% otherwise Mandatory breaths with operator-selected parameters from battery-backed RAM. Default values same as for BUV Permit patient to breathe room air unassisted by ventilator
Apnea ventilation Disconnect ventilation Safety valve open, ventilator inoperative Self-tests Power-On Self-Test (POST) Total Extended Self-Test (EST) Quick EST Ongoing checks I:E ratio check Lamp test Analog output connector
Automatic after power-on, maximum duration of approximately 10 to 15 seconds Operator-selected, approximately 5-minute duration Operator-selected, 90-second duration Automatic, continuous during ventilator operation Automatic, with operator-selected parameter changes Operator-selected, 50-second duration For remote monitoring of pressure and flow waveforms and nurse call signal. See Figure 3-8 for complete information.
1-13
1
1.5 Recommended Tools and Test Equipment
General Information
Tools, test equipment, and materials used to properly service the ventilator and maintain it in operable condition are listed in Table 1-9. Substituted test equipment may be used, provided it is equivalent to the recommended test equipment and meets the requirements stated in Table 1-10. Tools, test equipment, and materials used for ventilator performance verification are listed in Table 7-1 and Table 7-2.
NOTE:
Test equipment and tools must be calibrated and inspected periodically to ensure proper performance and accurate test results.
Screwdriver, insulated flat-blade (to adjust potentiometer) Local supplier 0.050-in. hex driver (for removing alarm volume knob) Solenoid wrench Digital multimeter (DMM) accurate to 3 decimal places Local supplier 4-003107-00 Local supplier
Pneumatic calibration analyzer capable of measuring high Puritan Bennett PTS 2000 or RT-200 (Allied pressure (psi), low pressure (cmH2O), flow rate (lpm), and Healthcare) volume (liters BTPS) NOTE: A PTS 2000 or RT-200 is required to test BTPS volumes. Pressure and flow gauges may be used for other pneumatic testing. Barb fitting and nut for pneumatic calibration analyzer Electrical safety tester Oxygen monitor with an accuracy of 2% Variable transformer (variac) with ground wire, 0-140 V, 10 A (100-115 V units), 0-280 V, 5 A (220-240 V units) Pneumatic test harness (pneumatic chassis harness extender) (for regulator adjustment) EZ minihooks Stopwatch capable of measuring one-hundredth second Test lung with strap Test lung Connector, female, 3/4 in. barbed cuff Connector, male, 3/4 in. barbed cuff (2) 4-008103-00 and 4-003475-00 BIO-TEK 501 PRO or equivalent PTS 2000, MiniOx 3000 (4-023698-00) or equivalent Staco Energy Products Co. or equivalent 4-018089-00 Tektest, Inc., EZ-Hook Division Local supplier 4-000612-00 4-011355-00 4-003443-00 4-000845-00
1-14
General Information
Table 1-9: Recommended Tools, Test Equipment, and Service Materials (continued)
Description Adapter, male, 3/4 in. barbed cuff to 22 mm taper Adapter, male, 3/8 in. (10 mm) to 1/4 in. (6 mm) (4) Connector, male barb, 1/8 in. (3 mm), nylon (3) Connector, male, 1/2 in. (13 mm) (compressor tubing) Tee, male barb, 3/16 in. (5 mm) Cap Air inlet plug (for REG1/REG2 adjustment) No. 2 stopper Manufacturer and Model/ Puritan Bennett Part No. 4-018075-00 4-006104-00 4-018128-00 4-019362-00 4-000630-00 4-001847-00 4-019576-00 4-009523-00 or Local supplier
No. 2 stopper with 3/16 in. (5 mm) OD barbed connector 4-003152-00 Test lead connector, 0.025 square pin (for testing power supply voltages at J14) Cable straps Touch-up paint Light gray Blue Charcoal Loctite Blue (1/3 oz) White silicone adhesive General cement Torque seal Mild detergent Isopropyl alcohol Disinfectant/cleaner Leak Detector Heat-sink compound Cotton swabs Teflon tape Resistors, two 1 W, totaling 470 (for battery charger voltage calibration) Pop rivets (for attaching serial number plate) Patient tubing circuit 4-019994-00 (spray lacquer) or 4-017168-00 (liquid) 4-019995-00 (spray lacquer) or 4-017169-00 (liquid) 4-019996-00 (spray lacquer) or 4-017170-00 (liquid) 4-003228-00 4-040106-00 4-004181-00 4-004017-00 Local supplier Local supplier Cavicide, Micro-Aseptic Products, Inc., Palatine, IL; or equivalent 4-004489-00 or equivalent meeting MIL L25567 D specifications 4-004434-00 Local supplier Local supplier Local supplier 4-000693-00 See Puritan Bennett product catalog for ordering information. The use of a Puritan Bennett patient tubing circuit is recommended. 4-005247-00 G-061567-00 or equivalent 4-000003-00 and 4-000004-00
1-15
General Information
Table 1-9: Recommended Tools, Test Equipment, and Service Materials (continued)
Description Static-dissipative field service kit (includes wrist strap, static-dissipative mat, and ground cord) Silicone tubing (bulk) 3/16 in. (5 mm) ID x 3/8 in. (10 mm) OD 3/16 in. (5 mm) ID x 5/16 in. (8 mm) OD (patient pressure) 1/8 in. (3 mm) ID x 1/4 in. (6 mm) OD (exhalation valve) 4-008575-00 4-008577-00 (clear) or 4-08584-00 (blue) 4-008578-00 Manufacturer and Model/ Puritan Bennett Part No. 4-018149-00 or equivalent
3/8 in. (10 mm) ID x 5/8 in. (16 mm) OD (compressor) 4-008588-00 Electrostatic shielding bags 11 x 14 in. (27.9 x 35.6 cm), for PCBs in card cage 18 x 14 in. (45.7 x 35.6 cm), for front panel display PCB 12 x 8 in. (30.5 x 20.3 cm), for pressure transducer PCB 8 x 5 in. (20.3 x 12.7 cm), for RAM chips and PALs 26 x 4 in. (66.0 x 10.2 cm), for software 25 x 17 x 26 in. (63.5 x 43.2 x 66.0 cm), for console ESD vacuum cleaner with 0.2 m filter (rated for photocopiers and laser printers) 4-009800-00 4-009801-00 4-009802-00 4-009803-00 4-009804-00 4-009816-00 Local supplier
1-16
General Information
1.6
Service Kits
The following kits are available to upgrade the ventilator to the current factory configuration, to enhance its capabilities, or to perform periodic maintenance. For a list of kit contents, consult the Parts List. Table 1-11: Service Kits
Description Enhanced-Plus console. Replaces the basic or enhanced keyboard with a reorganized keyboard that allows the operator to more easily select options (80188-based ventilators only). English French German Italian Japanese Spanish 7200ae Ventilator upgrade kit for the 7250 Metabolic Monitor. Modifies a 7200ae Ventilator so it can be used with a 7250 Metabolic Monitor. Contents include a Q3 flow sensor with matched EPROM and a modified ventilator top panel. Later ventilators do not require this kit, but require only a modified top panel kit. Modified top panel kit. Modifies a 7200ae Ventilator so it can be used with a 7250 Metabolic Monitor. This kit is used in place of the 4-027541-00 upgrade kit in a ventilator that already has a Q3 EPROM. Ventilator appearance kit. Includes contents of rail cover appearance kit, plus rail bumpers and powder-coated pedestal base covers and top panel. Cabinet and pedestal kits. These kits include the cabinet, pedestal (if applicable), back panel, top panel, insulation, and appropriate labels and hardware. Ventilator cabinet assembly, 100/115 V and earlier 220/240 V Ventilator cabinet assembly, later 220/240 V Kit, cabinet and pedestal, 100/115 V (non-EMI) Kit, cabinet and pedestal, 220/240 V (EMI) Display and DCI interface kit (7200a). Adds to the 7200a the cabling needed for the 7202 Display or the DCI option. 7202 Display compatibility kit. Permits 7202 Displays to accept the 7200ae Graphics option (Option 60). Not required for displays shipped after January 1991. 7202 Display upgrade kit. Permits 7202 Displays shipped before January 1991 to operate with either a 7200a or 7200ae Ventilator. Additionally, redesigned housing updates display appearance. Exhalation compartment upgrade kit. Replaces the front-loading exhalation compartment with the bottom-loading version. An additional upgrade from external exhalation valve to internal valve may be obtained at the same time. 115 V ac units 100 V ac units 220/240 V ac units
4-026592-00
1-17
1
Table 1-11: Service Kits (continued)
Part Number 4-018704-00 4-010986-00 4-018733-00 4-026080-00 Description
General Information
Internal exhalation valve kit. Available only in conjunction with front-loading to bottom-loading exhalation compartment upgrade kit. Ventilator appearance kit. Includes contents of rail cover appearance kit, plus rail bumpers and powdercoated pedestal base covers and top panel. Rail cover appearance kit. Includes covers and bumpers. Fan door kit. Can be used to add louvered door to older ventilator models or to replace door assembly for cosmetic purposes. Includes all components that comprise fan door, except fan. Door is powdercoated. Pulsed audio alarm kit. Changes the audio alarm from one with a continuous tone to one with a pulsed tone. Caster upgrade kit. Upgrades side-brake casters top-locking casters for the pedestal or compressor pedestal. The kit includes spacer plates and four casters (two with brakes, two without brakes). Stop bracket kit. Modifies the ventilator cooling fan door to allow the operator to access the electronics cooling fan filter. The stop bracket kit must be used with a modified back panel (with screws holding side door in place). Pedestal bumper kit. Replaces the one-piece early-style bumper with the multi-piece bumper with ribbed corners. Flex arm reinforcement kit. Reinforces flex arms join to the ventilator. Useful in 1983, 1984, and 1985 versions. Preventive maintenance kits. Order the following kits to perform ventilator and compressor compartment preventive maintenance. Refer to the ventilator elapsed time meter (Figure 4-1) to determine when the ventilator unit requires service. Refer to the compressor elapsed time meter (Figure 4-1) to determine when the compressor compartment requires service.
4-026209-00 4-018071-00
4-020271-00 4-020291-00 4-020790-00 4-020803-00 4-020804-00 4-020292-00 4-020791-00 4-020798-00 4-020799-00 4-020801-00 4-020802-00 4-020900-00
2,500-hour, ventilator unit only (Enhanced or Enhanced-Plus keyboard) 2,500-hour, ventilator unit only (Basic keyboard) 10,000-hour, ventilator unit only, 115 V 10,000-hour, ventilator unit only, 100 V 10,000-hour, ventilator unit only, 220/240 V 2,500-hour, compressor compartment 10,000-hour, compressor compartment, 115 V/60 Hz 10,000-hour, compressor compartment, 100 V/50 Hz 10,000-hour, compressor compartment, 100 V/60 Hz 10,000-hour, compressor compartment, 220/240 V/50 Hz 10,000-hour, compressor compartment, 220/240 V/60 Hz Spare part kit. Provides optimum service capability while keeping cost to a minimum.
1-18
General Information
1.7
Special function select keys <100% O2 SUCTION> <MANUAL INSPIRATION> <MANUAL SIGH> <AUTOMATIC SIGH> <NEBULIZER> <++> Mode select keys <CMV> <SIMV> <CPAP> Waveform select keys Square wave Descending ramp Sine wave Parameter select keys <TIDAL VOLUME> <RESPIRATORY RATE> <PEAK INSPIRATORY FLOW> <SENSITIVITY> x x x x x x x x x x x x Sets tidal volume for mandatory inspirations except sigh breaths. Sets CMV and SIMV respiratory rates. Sets peak inspiratory flow for mandatory breaths. Range: 10 to 120 lpm. Sets the airway pressure below PEEP that patient must produce to trigger a patient-initiated mandatory or spontaneous breath. Range: 0.5 to 20 cmH2O below PEEP. Sets oxygen percentage in delivered gas mixture. Range: 21 to 100%. Sets inspiratory pause after delivery of all mandatory breaths. Range: 0 to 2 seconds. Sets the level of Positive-End Expiratory Pressure. Range: 0 to 45 cmH2O. x x x x x x x x x Selects square waveform for all mandatory breaths. Selects descending ramp waveform for all mandatory breaths. Selects sine waveform for all mandatory breaths. x x x x x x x x x Selects continuous mandatory ventilation mode. Selects synchronous intermittent mandatory ventilation mode. Selects continuous positive airway pressure mode. x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Switches ventilation to 100% oxygen for two minutes. Delivers one operator-initiated mandatory breath. Delivers one operator-initiated sigh breath. Selects automatic delivery of sigh breaths with operator-selected quantity, rate, tidal volume, and high-pressure limit. Turns on the nebulizer. Automatically cancels after 30 minutes. Selects option or other special function.
x x x
x x
Legend:
1-19
1
Table 1-12: Controls and Indicators (continued) Ventilator Settings (continued)
Control/Indicator Alarm threshold keys <HIGH PRESSURE LIMIT> <LOW INSPIRATION PRESSURE> <LOW PEEP/CPAP PRESSURE> <LOW EXHALED TIDAL VOL> <LOW EXHALED MINUTE VOL> <HIGH RESPIRATORY RATE> Option keys x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x B E E+ Function
General Information
Sets upper limit of airway pressure that will trigger alarm during any non-sigh breath. Sets lower limit of airway pressure that will trigger alarm during any mandatory breath. Sets lower limit of PEEP/CPAP pressure that will trigger alarm during any breath. Sets lower limit of exhaled tidal volume that will trigger alarm. Sets lower limit of exhaled minute volume that will trigger alarm. Sets upper limit of monitored respiratory rate that will trigger alarm. NOTE: The keys available depend on the options installed.
<APNEA PARAMETERS> <AUTO PEEP> <PRESSURE SUPPORT> <DCI 2.0> <RESPIRATORY MECHANICS> <FLOW BY 2.0> <GRAPHICS 2.0> <PRESSURE CONTROL>
x x x x x x x x
Initiates setting of apnea parameters. Initiates setting of Auto-PEEP parameters. Activates Pressure Support (Option 10). Activates DCI 2.0 (Digital Communications Interface) (Option 20). Activates Respiratory Mechanics/Monitoring (Option 30/40). Activates Flow-by 2.0 (Option 50). Activates Graphics 2.0 (Option 60). Activates Pressure Control Ventilation (Option 80).
Patient Data
Digital displays
TIDAL VOL liters SET RATE bpm PEAK FLOW lpm O2 % Message display window (20-character) PEEP/CPAP cmH2O
Legend: B =Basic keyboard E =Enhanced keyboard E+ =Enhanced-Plus keyboard
x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x x
Displays current BTPS-compensated tidal volume setting. Displays current respiratory rate setting. Displays current peak inspiratory flow setting. Displays current oxygen percentage setting. Displays operator prompts, values for parameters and alarm thresholds, and error messages. Displays current PEEP/CPAP reading.
1-20
General Information
1
Table 1-12: Controls and Indicators (continued) Patient Data (continued)
Control/Indicator Breath-type indicators ASSIST SPONTANEOUS SIGH PLATEAU Analog display (or bar graph display) <AIRWAY PRESSURE cmH2O> <EXHALED VOLUME liters>
E+
Function
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
Lights during inspiratory phase of a patient-initiated mandatory breath cycle. Lights during inspiratory phase of a spontaneous breath cycle. Lights during the entire sigh breath cycle. Lights during an inspiratory pause.
x x
Selects airway pressure. Selects exhaled volume. NOTE: In ventilators with Enhanced keyboards, the analog meter always displays airway pressure. There are no controls to change the display.
Toggles AIRWAY PRESSURE cmH2O display between HIGH (-20 to 120 cmH2O) and LOW (-10 to 60 cmH2O) ranges.
Ventilator Status
Alarm control keys <LAMP TEST> <ALARM SILENCE> <ALARM RESET> Alarm indicators HIGH PRESSURE LIMIT x x x Indicates that airway pressure equals or exceeds the alarm setpoint (10 to 120 cmH2O for all units except German; or 10 to 100 cmH2O for German units). Indicates that airway pressure during a mandatory breath is equal to or less than the alarm setpoint (3 to 99 cmH2O). Indicates that monitored PEEP/CPAP pressure is below alarm setpoint (0 to 45 cmH2O). Indicates that the four-breath running average for tidal volume is equal to or less than the alarm setpoint (0 to 2.5 liters). Indicates that the 8-breath running calculation of minute volume is equal to or less than the alarm setpoint (0 to 60 liters). Indicates that the 10-breath running average for respiratory rate equals or exceeds the setpoint (0 to 70 bpm). Indicates that the duration of inspiration is 50% or more of the total breath cycle. x x x x x x x x x Allows operator to check all lamps and displays on the front panel. Turns off the audible alarm for 2 minutes. Clears all alarm indicators and initiates a battery test.
LOW INSPIRATORY PRESSURE LOW PEEP/CPAP PRESSURE LOW EXHALED TIDAL VOLUME LOW EXHALED MINUTE VOLUME HIGH RESPIRATORY RATE I:E
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
1-21
1
Table 1-12: Controls and Indicators (continued) Ventilator Status (continued)
Control/Indicator APNEA B x E x E+ x Function
General Information
Indicates that no breath was detected during the operator-selected apnea interval (10-60 seconds). Indicates that inlet pressure for the oxygen supply is less than 35 psig (241.33 kPa). Indicates that inlet pressure for the air supply is less than 35 psig (241.33 kPa). Indicates that more than 10% of the delivered tidal volume or 50 mL (whichever is greater) passed through the exhalation flow sensor during inspiration. Indicates that internal battery power is too low to sustain one hour of audible alarm operation, the batteries are overcharged, or R84 on the interface PCB is adjusted too high. Indicates power switch is on, but ac power is not being delivered.
LOW BATTERY
Alarm summary display VENT INOP (ventilator inoperative) (red) VENTILATOR ALARM or ALARM (red) CAUTION (yellow) BACK UP VENTILATOR (red)
x x x
x x x
x x x
Indicates that an alarm was triggered. Indicates that an alarm was triggered but is no longer active. Indicates the ventilator is in the backup ventilator emergency mode. Indicates that the patient system was opened to atmosphere and that the patient is breathing unassisted by the ventilator. Indicates that no alarm or caution states exist.
NORMAL (green)
Utility Panel
Alarm volume <EST> Power <RESET> Analog output connector x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Adjusts the audible alarm loudness. Initiates Extended Self-Test (EST). Turns ventilator on and off. Resets the circuit breaker after it trips. Allows for strip-chart recording for flow and pressure signals and for controlling a nurse call device.
Legend:
1-22
General Information
1
1
APNEA PARAMETERS AUTO PEEP PRESSURE SUPPORT DCI 2.0 RESPIRATORY MECHANICS FLOW BY 2.0 GRAPHICS 2.0 PRESSURE CONTROL
General Information
PEEP/CPAP control
PATIENT DATA
ASSIST
O2 %
VENTILATOR STATUS
Breath-type indicators
SPONTANEOUS
PLATEAU
110
Digital displays
cmH2O
Alarm indicators
HIGH PRESSURE LIMIT LOW INSPIRATORY PRESSURE
50
90
7
40
8 5
9 6 3
VENT INOP VENTILATOR ALARM
LOW PEEP/CPAP PRESSURE LOW EXHALED TIDAL VOLUME LOW EXHALED MINUTE VOLUME
4
MEAN AIRWAY PRESSURE PEAK AIRWAY PRESSURE
1 0
70
30
PLATEAU PRESSURE
*
LAMP TEST
CAUTION BACK UP
Diagnostic
SAFETY
50
20
RATE/I:E
NORMAL
30
ALARM SILENCE
10
RATE bpm
10
liters
0
ALARM RESET
LOW BATTERY
7 4 1
CMV SIMV CPAP
100% O2 SUCTION
8 5 2
9 6 3
SENSITIVITY
O2 %
PLATEAU
-10
MINUTE VOLUME
TIDAL VOLUME
0
ENTER
*
CLEAR
NEBULIZER
2-00218
1-23
General Information
1-24
General Information
Analog display
1cmH2O1mbar 20 0 -20 -2 2 0 kPa 4 6 8 10 12 40 60 cmH2O (mbar) 100 120
1
PEEP/CPAP
80
PEEP/CPAP control
AIRWAY PRESSURE
PEAK FLOW lpm O2%
PATIENT DATA
VENTILATOR SETTINGS
VENTILATOR STATUS
cmH2O
PEEP/ CPAP
PLATEAU PRESSURE
Alarm indicators
RATE/I:E
LOW EXHALED TIDAL VOLUME LOW EXHALED MINUTE VOLUME HIGH RESPIRATORY RATE I:E APNEA LOW PRESSURE O2 INLET LOW PRESSURE AIR INLET EXHALATION VALVE LEAK LOW BATTERY
VENT INOP
ASSIST
VENTILATOR ALARM
RATE bpm
I:E RATIO
Breath-type indicators
SPONTANEOUS
CAUTION
SIGH
BACK UP VENTILATOR
liters
PLATEAU
TIDAL VOLUME
MINUTE VOLUME
LAMP TEST
TIDAL VOLUME RESPIRATORY RATE PEAK INSPIRATORY FLOW
Diagnostic
ALARM SILENCE
SENSITIVITY
O2 %
PLATEAU
ALARM RESET
CMV
SIMV
CPAP
100% O2 SUCTION
AUTOMATIC SIGH
NEBULIZER
ENTER
CLEAR
2-00219
Numeric keypad
1-25
1
1.8 Location of Serial Number
General Information
The serial number plate is located beneath the exhalation compartment in ventilators with bottom-loading exhalation compartments. It is located inside the exhalation compartment in ventilators with front-loading compartments.
1.9
1.10
Reference Documentation
Service Manuals
4-022396-00 7250 Metabolic Monitor Service and Operators Manual, English
Operators Manuals
4-023576-00 4-023577-00 4-023578-00 4-023579-00 4-023580-00 7200 Series Ventilatory System Operators Manual, English (7200ae) 7200 Series Ventilatory System Operators Manual, French (7200ae) 7200 Series Ventilatory System Operators Manual, German (7200ae) 7200 Series Ventilatory System Operators Manual, Spanish (7200ae) 7200 Series Ventilatory System Operators Manual, Italian (7200ae)
4-020500-00 7200 Series Microprocessor Ventilator Operators Manual, English (7200a) 4-020628-00 7200 Series Microprocessor Ventilator Operators Manual, Italian (7200a) 4-020627-00 7200 Series Microprocessor Ventilator Operators Manual, Spanish (7200a) 4-020523-00 4-020629-00 4-020630-00 4-020632-00 4-020631-00 4-020521-00 4-020633-00 4-020634-00 4-020636-00 4-020635-00 4-022420-00 4-022430-00 4-022431-00 4-022433-00 4-020522-00 4-020637-00 4-020638-00 4-020640-00 4-020639-00 4-020535-00 4-020641-00 4-020642-00 4-020644-00 4-020643-00 Pressure Support (Option 10) Appendix, English Pressure Support (Option 10) Appendix, French Pressure Support (Option 10) Appendix, German Pressure Support (Option 10) Appendix, Italian Pressure Support (Option 10) Appendix, Spanish Digital Communications Interface (DCI) (Option 20) Appendix, English Digital Communications Interface (DCI) (Option 20) Appendix, French Digital Communications Interface (DCI) (Option 20) Appendix, German Digital Communications Interface (DCI) (Option 20) Appendix, Italian Digital Communications Interface (DCI) (Option 20) Appendix, Spanish Digital Communications Interface (DCI 2.0) (Option 20) Appendix, English Digital Communications Interface (DCI 2.0) (Option 20) Appendix, French Digital Communications Interface (DCI 2.0) (Option 20) Appendix, German Digital Communications Interface (DCI 2.0) (Option 20) Appendix, Italian Respiratory Mechanics/Monitoring (Option 30/40) Appendix, English Respiratory Mechanics/Monitoring (Option 30/40) Appendix, French Respiratory Mechanics/Monitoring (Option 30/40) Appendix, German Respiratory Mechanics/Monitoring (Option 30/40) Appendix, Italian Respiratory Mechanics/Monitoring (Option 30/40) Appendix, Spanish Flow-by (Option 50) Appendix, English Flow-by (Option 50) Appendix, French Flow-by (Option 50) Appendix, German Flow-by (Option 50) Appendix, Italian Flow-by (Option 50) Appendix, Spanish
1-26
General Information
1
Breath-type indicators
AIRWAY PRESSURE 20 10 0 .5 -10 0 -20 EXHALED VOLUME liters 30 40 50 60 70 1.0 1.5 2.0 cmH 2 O millibars 80 90
ASSIST
SPONTANEOUS
PEEP/CPAP control
cmH2O
Digital display
RATE/I:E
SIGH
PLATEAU
Analog display
PEEP/CPAP
AIRWAY PRESSURE cmH2O EXHALED VOLUME liters
RATE bpm
I:E RATIO
PEEP/ CPAP
PLATEAU PRESSURE
liters
PATIENT DATA
TIDAL VOLUME
MINUTE VOLUME
Alarm indicators
HIGH PRESSURE LIMIT LOW EXHALED TIDAL VOL LOW PRESSURE O2 INLET
Digital display
LOW BATTERY
VENTILATOR STATUS
VENTILATOR SETTINGS
CAUTION
APNEA
I:E
BACK UP VENTILATOR
O2%
NORMAL
LAMP TEST
100% O2 SUCTION
MANUAL INSPIRATION
MANUAL SIGH
AUTOMATIC SIGH
NEBULIZER
ENTER
CLEAR
CMV
SIMV
CPAP
SENSITIVITY
O2 %
PLATEAU
Numeric keypad
2-00220
1-27
1
Operators Manuals, continued
4-022335-00 4-022399-00 4-022398-00 4-022400-00 4-020659-00 4-021576-00 4-022085-00 4-022087-00 4-022421-00 4-022434-00 4-022435-00 4-022437-00 4-020576-00 4-020653-00 4-020654-00 4-020656-00 Flow-by 2.0 (Option 50) Appendix, English Flow-by 2.0 (Option 50) Appendix, French Flow-by 2.0 (Option 50) Appendix, German Flow-by 2.0 (Option 50) Appendix, Italian Graphics (Option 60) Appendix, English Graphics (Option 60) Appendix, French Graphics (Option 60) Appendix, German Graphics (Option 60) Appendix, Italian Graphics 2.0 (Option 60) Appendix, English Graphics 2.0 (Option 60) Appendix, French Graphics 2.0 (Option 60) Appendix, German Graphics 2.0 (Option 60) Appendix, Italian
General Information
Pressure Control Ventilation (Option 80) Appendix, English Pressure Control Ventilation (Option 80) Appendix, French Pressure Control Ventilation (Option 80) Appendix, German Pressure Control Ventilation (Option 80) Appendix, Italian
4-020615-00 Pulse Oximetry (Option 90) Appendix, English 4-020663-00 Pulse Oximetry (Option 90) Appendix, French 4-020666-00 Pulse Oximetry (Option 90) Appendix, Italian 4-020547-00 4-020645-00 4-022646-00 4-020648-00 4-020647-00 4-022395-00 4-022452-00 4-022453-00 4-022454-00 4-022455-00 7202 Display Appendix, English 7202 Display Appendix, French 7202 Display Appendix, German 7202 Display Appendix, Italian 7202 Display Appendix, Spanish 7250 Metabolic Monitor Operators Manual, English 7250 Metabolic Monitor Operators Manual, French 7250 Metabolic Monitor Operators Manual, German 7250 Metabolic Monitor Operators Manual, Italian 7250 Metabolic Monitor Operators Manual, Spanish
1-28
General Information
0
1
General Information
Ventilator
Side view
Front view
Side view
Front view
Side view
Front view
2-00221
1-29
General Information
1-30
SECTION SECTION
Theory of Operation
This section details the operational theory of the 7200 Series Ventilator. It begins by describing the overall operation of the ventilator and continues by describing the pneumatic system, including the individual components and their operations as subsystems. Next, it describes the electrical system, including the operations of the printed circuit boards (PCBs). Finally, the operational descriptions define the interactions between all ventilator components during various types of operation. For a clinical theory of operation, consult the 7200 Series Operators Manual.
2.1
2.2
Pneumatic System
The pneumatic system, shown in Figure 2-1 (with internal exhalation valve) or Figure 2-2 (with external exhalation valve), includes these systems: wall gas (compressed air and oxygen) supply, compressor, flow control, exhalation, PEEP/CPAP (positive end expiratory pressure/continuous positive airway pressure), safety valve, and patient.
2-1
Theory of Operation
Table 2-1 provides some pertinent specifications and other data for some of the ventilators pneumatic components. Table 2-1: Pneumatic Components Data
Component Oxygen or air check valve Safety valve check valve Compressor check valve Exhalation check valve Exhalation pilot pressure checkvalves Differential pressure transducer Oxygen or air filter Oxygen or air filter Compressor inlet filter Compressor outlet filter Pilot pressure outlet filter Damping restrictor filter Patient pressure bacteria filter Oxygen or air screen filter Jet venturi PEEP/CPAP pressure transducer Absolute pressure transducer Oxygen or air pressure switch Compressor pressure switch BUV pressure switch Oxygen or air flow proportional solenoid valves Oxygen flow and temperature sensors Air flow and temperature sensors Exhalation flow and temperature sensors Safety valve pilot restrictor Safety valve pilot restrictor
Reference Designator CV1/CV2 CV3 CV4 CV5 CV6/CV7 DP F1/F3 F2/F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10/F11 JV P1 P2 PS1/PS2 PS3 PS4 PSOL1/PSOL2 Q1/T1 Q2/T2 Q3/T3 R1 R2
Data -20 to 140 cmH2O >0.3 m retention >20 m retention >10 to 50 m retention >0.3 m retention 0.3 m nominal retention at flow of 10 lpm 0.3 m nominal retention at flow of 10 lpm 0.3 m nominal retention at flow of 10 lpm >75 m retention With REG5, adjusts PEEP proportional pressure to between 0 and 41 cmH2O 0 to 41 cmH2O 10 to 17 psi Opens: pressure <35 psig (241.33 kPa) nominal Closes: pressure >35 psig (241.33 kPa) nominal Opens: <7.5 psig (51.71 kPa) nominal Closes: >7.5 psig (51.71 kPa) nominal Opens: Pressure <30 cmH2O nominal Closes: Pressure >30 cmH2O nominal 0 to 385 mA at 0 lpm; 250 to 604 mA at 100 lpm; 420 to 630 mA at 180 lpm Measures flows between 0 and 226 lpm at temperatures of 15 to 60 C Measures flows between 0 and 226 lpm at temperatures of 15 to 60 C Measures flows between 0 and 226 lpm at temperatures of 15 to 60 C 0.126 in. (3.2 mm) ID 0.0160 in. (0.41 mm) ID (violet)
2-2
Theory of Operation
Table 2-1: Pneumatic Components Data
Component Adjustable restrictor Damping restrictor P2 inlet damping restrictor Exhalation pilot pressure restrictor Exhalation pilot pressure restrictor Oxygen or air regulator Compressor back pressure regulator Safety valve back pressure regulator PEEP/CPAP regulator Oxygen nebulizer solenoid valve Reference Designator R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 REG1/REG2 REG3 REG4 REG5 SOL1 Data <41 cmH2O output 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) ID (gold) 0.126 in. (3.2 mm) ID 0.0125 in. (0.32 mm) ID (blue). Provides >14 cmH2O to exhalation drive line 0.0350 in. (0.89 mm) ID (green). Provides >14 cmH2O to exhalation drive line Output of 10 psig (68.95 kPa) at 35-100 psig (241.33 to 689.50 kPa) Output of 10 psig (68.95 kPa) at flow <120 lpm Output of nominal 60 cmH2O at SOL5 connection
Output of 0 to approximately 52 cmH2O at input pressure of 10 psig (68.95 kPa) nominal +12 V, two-way De-energized: Oxygen percentage <60 Energized: Oxygen percentage >60 +12 V, two-way De-energized: Oxygen percentage>60 Energized: Oxygen percentage <60 +12 V, three-way De-energized: When wall air >35 psig (241.33 kPa) or compressor air >8 psi (55.16 kPa) Energized: When wall air <35 psig (241.33 kPa) and compressor air <8 psi (55.16 kPa), or during BUV when oxygen >35 psig (241.33 kPa) +12 V, three-way De-energized: During exhalation Energized: During inspiration +12 V, three-way De-energized: During safety valve open condition, powerdown, or when system fault detected Energized: During normal operation and BUV +6 V, three-way (supplied with +12 V) De-energized: Except when DP is autozeroed Energized: When DP is autozeroed (every minute for first 10 minutes of ventilator operation and hourly after that) +12 V, three-way De-energized: During SVO, power-down, or when fault detected Energized: Normally +6 V, three-way (supplied with +12 V) De-energized: Except when P1 is autozeroed Energized: When P1 is autozeroed (every minute for first 10 minutes and hourly after that)
SOL2
SOL3
SOL4
SOL5
SOL6
SOL7
SOL8
2-3
2
Table 2-1: Pneumatic Components Data
Component Compressor unloading solenoid valve Reference Designator SOL9 Data
Theory of Operation
+12 V, two-way De-energized: When compressor is on (except during startup) Energized: When compressor starts up Passively relieves: >115 to 150 cmH2O Opens: Catastrophic ventilator failure such as power failure Output of 120 lpm at 10 psi (68.95 kPa) >0.3 m retention at flow of 100 lpm
SV
2-4
Theory of Operation
2
PATIENT SYSTEM
Theory of Operation
PNEUMATIC COMPARTMENT
O2 REGULATOR REG 1 O2 FILTER F2 O2 CHECK VALVE CV1 O2 FLOW AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS Q1/T1 50 PSI O2 O2 WATER TRAP AND FILTER F1 AIR FILTER F4 50 PSI AIR AIR WATER TRAP AND FILTER F3 CROSS-OVER SOLENOID O2 PRESSURE SWITCH PS1 NC AIR REGULATOR REG 2 SOL C 3 NO AIR SCREEN FILTER F10 VENT SILENCER PROPORTIONAL SOLENOID VALVE ASSEMBLY PSOL 1 SOL 1 O2 NEBULIZER SOLENOID P2 INLET DAMPING RESTRICTOR R5 CV3 SAFETY/CHECK VALVE VENT MANIFOLD PSOL 2 EXHALATION PILOT PRESSURE NETWORK CV6 CV7 VENT
NEBULIZER
INSPIRATORY LIMB
SV OUT IN SOL5 SAFETY VALVE SOLENOID R2 SAFETY VALVE PILOT RESTRICTOR SAFETY VALVE BACK PRESSURE REGULATOR
R7
R6
REG 4
NO OUT REG 5
ADJUSTABLE RESTRICTOR R3
F8 DAMPING RESTRICTOR FILTER EXHALATION PILOT CONTROL SOLENOID
PATIENT
REG 3
JV JET VENTURI SOL7 PEEP/CPAP PEEP/ REGULATOR CPAP SOLENOID PEEP/CPAP P1 PRESSURE TRANSDUCER P2
NO
R4 DAMPING RESTRICTOR
HEAT EXCHANGER
EXPIRATORY LIMB
EXHALATION COMPARTMENT
COLLECTOR VIAL
LEGEND: NO = Normally Open NC = Normally Closed C = Common (when energized, the gas flow can be between C and NC)
2-00222
2-5
Theory of Operation
2-6
Theory of Operation
2
PATIENT SYSTEM
PNEUMATIC COMPARTMENT
O2 REGULATOR REG 1 O2 FILTER F2 O2 CHECK VALVE CV1 O2 FLOW AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS Q1/T1 50 PSI O2 O2 WATER TRAP AND FILTER F1 AIR FILTER F4 50 PSI AIR AIR WATER TRAP AND FILTER F3 CROSS-OVER SOLENOID O2 PRESSURE SWITCH PS1 NC AIR REGULATOR REG 2 SOL C 3 NO AIR SCREEN FILTER F10 VENT SILENCER PROPORTIONAL SOLENOID VALVE ASSEMBLY PSOL 1 SOL 1 O2 NEBULIZER SOLENOID P2 INLET DAMPING RESTRICTOR R5 CV3 SAFETY/CHECK VALVE VENT MANIFOLD PSOL 2 VENT
NEBULIZER
INSPIRATORY LIMB
SV OUT IN SOL5 SAFETY VALVE SOLENOID R2 SAFETY VALVE PILOT RESTRICTOR SAFETY VALVE PILOT RESTRICTOR R1 REG 4 SAFETY VALVE BACK PRESSURE REGULATOR
NO OUT REG 5
ADJUSTABLE RESTRICTOR R3
F8 DAMPING RESTRICTOR FILTER EXHALATION PILOT CONTROL SOLENOID
PATIENT PRESSURE
PATIENT PRESSURE WATER TRAP
PATIENT
JV JET VENTURI SOL7 PEEP/CPAP PEEP/ REGULATOR CPAP SOLENOID PEEP/CPAP PRESSURE TRANSDUCER P2
REG 3
P1 NO
R4 DAMPING RESTRICTOR
EXHALATION VALVE
HEAT EXCHANGER
OUT
EXHALATION COMPARTMENT
Q3/T3
EXPIRATORY LIMB
VENT
COLLECTOR VIAL
EXHALATION VALVE
LEGEND: NO = Normally Open NC = Normally Closed C = Common (when energized, the gas flow can be between C and NC)
2-00223
2-7
2
2.2.1 Wall Gas Supply System
Theory of Operation
The wall gas supply system, shown in Figure 2-3, regulates and delivers air and oxygen (gas) to the ventilator. This system also supplies two downstream systems with oxygen if the external air supply becomes unavailable.
O2 REGULATOR REG 1 O2 FILTER F2 O2 CHECK VALVE CV1
TO ROOM AIR
CROSS-OVER SOLENOID 50 PSI O2 O2 WATER TRAP AND FILTER F1 AIR FILTER O2 PRESSURE SWITCH PS1 NC AIR REGULATOR REG 2 C NO AIR SCREEN FILTER F10 TO FLOW CONTROL SYTEM F7 AIR WATER TRAP AND FILTER F3 AIR PRESSURE SWITCH PS2 FROM COMPRESSOR SYSTEM PILOT PRESSURE OUTLET FILTER TO PEEP/CPAP SYSTEMS
2-00147
50 PSI AIR
Theory of Operation
0
2
Theory of Operation
Theory of Operation
B
Oxygen and air check valves (CV1 or CV2). A high-pressure unidirectional flow device, mounted downstream of the pressure switch, which prevents ventilator backflow into the wall air or oxygen system. The check valves are included in the 10,000-hour preventive maintenance kit. Oxygen and air regulators and outlet screen filters (REG1 and REG2, F10 and F11). A spring-loaded, pressure-relieving regulator. Regulators 1 and 2 maintain an output pressure of 10 psig (68.95 kPa), with an input pressure of 35 to 100 psig (241.33 to 689.50 kPa). The regulator outlet screen filters are capable of capturing particles as small as 75 m. These wire-mesh filters help protect the oxygen and air flow sensors (Q1/T1 and Q2/T2) and the proportional solenoid valves (PSOL1 and PSOL2) from debris. The regulator assemblies contained in the 10,000-hour preventive maintenance kit includes the regulator, check valve, pressure switch and outlet screen filter. Cross-over solenoid valve (SOL3). A +12 V, three-way solenoid valve. When de-energized, it allows wall air or compressor air to operate the PEEP/CPAP and Safety Valve Systems. When SOL3 is energized, it supplies these two downstream systems with 100% oxygen. SOL3 energizes when wall air and compressor air are not available, or during BUV when oxygen is connected. Pilot pressure outlet filter (F7). Translucent plastic filter that protects the PEEP/CPAP and Safety Valve Systems. F7 captures internally generated particles at 0.3 m nominal size. The filter is included in the 10,000-hour preventive maintenance kit.
2-9
2
F4
Theory of Operation
F2
F3 Air Oxygen
F1
F7
2-00224
Water traps
2-00225
CV1, CV2
2-00226
PS1, PS2
2-00227
REG1, REG2
SOL3
2-00228
2-00229
2-10
The optional motor compressor system, shown in Figure 2-5, supplies air to the ventilator if an external air source is unavailable, or if source pressure is below 35 psig (241.33 kPa) nominal.
FROM WALL GAS SUPPLY SYSTEM TO FLOW CONTROL SYSTEM VENT SILENCER CV4 COMPRESSOR CHECK VALVE COMPRESSOR BACK PRESSURE REGULATOR
REG 3
HEAT EXCHANGER
2-00230
2-11
Theory of Operation
Pulsation dampers. The pulsation dampers add capacitance to the compressor system. This helps to smooth out pressure pulsations created by the motor compressor assembly. The dampers are two coils of silicone tubing and are included in the compressor 10,000-hour preventive maintenance kit. Heat exchanger. A coil of copper tubing that cools the gas heated by compression. The heat exchanger and compressor cooling fan keep the air temperature at Q2/T2 from exceeding the maximum allowable operating temperature. Compressor unloading solenoid valve (SOL9). A +12 V, two-way solenoid valve that reduces the start-up current created by the motor compressor assembly. When the motor compressor is started, the solenoid is energized which vents the compressor output to atmosphere. During normal operation, the solenoid is de-energized, thus closing the vent to atmosphere. Compressor pressure switch (PS3). Monitors the compressor system outlet pressure and is used to test the compressor system at startup. The normally open switch is closed when the compressor output pressure is nominally 8 psig. When the pressure falls too low, the switch opens, an alarm is given and the ventilator switches to the oxygen source. The switch should be calibrated as part of every compressor preventive maintenance procedure. Compressor back pressure regulator (REG3). Maintains a constant pressure of 10 psig throughout the 0 to 120 lpm flow operating range by venting excess compressor output to atmosphere. The regulator should be calibrated as part of every compressor preventive maintenance procedure. Compressor check valve (CV4). A high-pressure, unidirectional flow device that prevents wall air from escaping through the compressor. CV4 is identical in design and function to CV1 and CV2 (in the wall gas supply system). Vent silencer. Located in the ventilator cabinet, the vent silencer acts as a muffler to reduce the sound created by REG3 as it relieves. The vent silencer vents are vented towards Q2/T2 to allow a reduced temperature stabilization time.
2-12
Theory of Operation
2
Pulsation Damper
Compressor
2-00231 2-00232
PS3
2-00233
SOL9
2-00234
Heat Exchanger
2-00235
F5
2-00236
REG3
2-00237
F6
2-00238
Vent Silencer
2-00239
Inlet Silencer
2-00240
CV4
2-00241
2-13
2
2.2.3 Flow Control System
Theory of Operation
The flow control system, shown in Figure 2-7, controls and monitors the flow of gas to the patient. Two proportional solenoid valves are the heart of the system. They work with two flow sensors to mix and deliver gas through the ventilator to the patient.
TO ROOM AIR
O2 FLOW AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS NEBULIZER SOLENOID PROPORTIONAL SOLENOID VALVE ASSEMBLY AIR FLOW AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS PSOL 1 R5 P2 INLET DAMPING RESTRICTOR
NEBULIZER
P1 ABSOLUTE PRESSURE TRANSDUCER
P2
TO SAFETY VALVE SYSTEM PSOL 2 R7 NEBULIZER SOLENOID EXHALATION PILOT PRESSURE NETWORK CV6 CV7
2-00148
2-14
Theory of Operation
Oxygen or air nebulizer solenoid valve (SOL1 or SOL2). A +12 V, two way solenoid valve which, when energized, delivers approximately 7-9 lpm at 10 psig to the nebulizer located in the patient circuit. The solenoids energize if the Nebulizer feature is activated and only during inspiration. SOL1 is utilized if the operator selected oxygen percentage is above 60%. SOL2 is utilized if the operator selected oxygen percentage is equal to or below 60%. Gas flow from the nebulizer solenoids is accounted for and compensated by the proportional solenoid valves. The Proportional Solenoid Valve Assembly consists of PSOL1, PSOL2, SOL1 and SOL2. If one of the nebulizer solenoids is faulty, the solenoid can be rebuilt or replaced. Caution must be taken to prevent debris from entering the PSOL manifold when servicing either of the nebulizer solenoids. P2 inlet damping restrictor (R5) . An aluminum disc milled with a small orifice in the center. This disc is installed in the pneumatic tubing. The restrictor (the small orifice) dampens the pressure oscillations caused by the safety valve, that can affect P2s pressure measurements. Absolute pressure transducer (P2). A differential pressure transducer with one port sealed which permits psia measurement units instead of psig. Measurements made by P2 are used by the microprocessor to check for patient tubing disconnections and to measure atmospheric pressure. P2 is autozeroed by measuring atmospheric pressure every minute for the first ten minutes and then hourly. P2 is located on the Pressure Transducer PCB and is easily identified because only one of its ports has tubing connected. Exhalation pilot pressure network (R6, R7, CV6, CV7) (internal exhalation valve only). Ensures that the exhalation valve stays closed during inspiration, even during moments of low flow rates or no flow from the proportional solenoid valves. Restrictors R6 and R7 are aluminum discs milled with small orifices that are assembled to form a pressure divider network that establishes approximately 14-17 cmH 2O pressure. CV6 prevents this established pressure from escaping to the patient circuit and CV7 prevents higher pressures from the PSOLs from leaking back through R7. CV6 and CV7 work together to pass the 14-17 cmH2O pressure to the exhalation system.
2-15
Theory of Operation
Q2/T2, Q1/T1
P2
2-00242
CV6, CV7
2-00246 2-00248
SOL2
2-00249
SOL2
2-00250
SOL1
SOL1
2-16
The safety valve system, shown in Figure 2-9, vents excessive ventilator pressure to the atmosphere. It also provides a path for air from the atmosphere to be admitted to the patient circuit in the event of an emergency.
CV3 SAFETY/CHECK VALVE FROM FLOW CONTROL SYSTEM TO ROOM AIR TO MAIN FLOW BACTERIA FILTER
SV OUT IN SOL5 SAFETY VALVE SOLENOID R2 SAFETY VALVE PILOT RESTRICTOR FROM FLOW CONTROL SYSTEM SAFETY VALVE PILOT RESTRICTOR R1 REG 4 SAFETY VALVE BACK PRESSURE REGULATOR
TO ROOM AIR
2-00266
2-17
Theory of Operation
The check valve (CV3), located in the safety valves manifold, prevents back flow of the patients exhaled gas while the safety valve is open, preventing the patient from rebreathing this gas.
SOL5
2-00267
SV/CV3
2-00268
REG4
2-00269
2-18
The patient system, shown in Figure 2-11, includes those external components that deliver gas from the ventilator to the patient, control patient ventilation, and isolate the ventilator from the patient with bacterial-level filters. The patient system also heats and humidifies delivered gas if a humidifier is installed. Puritan Bennett offers two categories of reusable patient systems for use on the 7200 Series: the simplified and the conventional. The simplified patient system is used on ventilators with internal exhalation valves, while the conventional patient system is used on ventilators with external exhalation valves. The simplified patient system components include the main flow bacteria filter, the collector vial, and optionally, the humidifier, water traps, and a nebulizer. The conventional patient system includes all of these components plus a patient pressure filter (F9), a patient pressure water trap, and an exhalation valve. Collector vials in the conventional and simplified patient systems differ physically, but not functionally.
2-19
2
NEBULIZER BACTERIA FILTER
Theory of Operation
NEBULIZER
FROM SAFETY VALVE SYSTEM MAIN FLOW BACTERIA FILTER NEBULIZER HUMIDIFIER INSPIRATORY LIMB
PATIENT
EXPIRATORY LIMB
2-00270
2-20
Theory of Operation
2
NEBULIZER BACTERIA FILTER
NEBULIZER
FROM SAFETY VALVE SYSTEM MAIN FLOW BACTERIA FILTER NEBULIZER HUMIDIFIER
INSPIRATORY LIMB
PATIENT PRESSURE
PATIENT PRESSURE WATER TRAP
PATIENT
EXHALATION VALVE
FROM PEEP/CPAP SYSTEM EXPIRATORY LIMB
2-00271
2-21
Theory of Operation
Collector Vial
2-00272
Collector Vial
2-00273
2-00274
2-00275
2-00276
2-00277
2-22
EXHALATION COMPARTMENT
TO ROOM AIR
EXHALATION COMPARTMENT
Q3/T3
Figure 2-14. Exhalation System Diagram Exhalation bacteria filter. This filter captures bacteria to minimize bacteria in the patients exhaled gas from being vented to the room air which reduces cross-contamination of the ventilator. The
2-23
Theory of Operation
exhalation bacteria filter captures particles as small as 0.3 m at a flow of 100 lpm with 99.97% efficiency. A heating element surrounding the filter raises the temperature of exhaled gases above the dewpoint to prevent condensation and corrosion of Q3 and the components in the exhalation system. Exhalation check valve (CV5). A one-way device that prevents room air from entering through the exhalation system. CV5 works with CV3 in the Safety Valve System to prevent the patient from rebreathing their exhaled gases during a safety valve open (SVO) condition. There are four different versions of the exhalation check valve, one for each of the four different configurations of the front and bottom loading exhalation compartments and internal and exhalation valves. Exhalation flow and temperature sensors (Q3/T3). A pair of sensors comprising a single unit that provide flow and temperature information on a patients exhaled gas. Q3, a hot-film anemometer flow sensor, measures exhaled gas flows in the range 1 to 200 lpm. T3 is a thermistor that measures the temperature of the exhaled gas and provides it to the CPU. The CPU processes these two readings, correcting for the temperature of the measured flow. Q3/T3 comes with a matched EPROM for installation on 80188-based ventilators equipped to use with a 7250 metabolic monitor. Exhalation valve (internal exhalation valve option only). A pneumatically actuated valve that closes during inspiration to prevent delivered gas from venting to atmosphere. During exhalation, it opens sufficiently to maintain the operator-selected PEEP. The exhalation valve is piloted by the exhalation pilot control solenoid valve, SOL4. There are two different exhalation valves, one for the current bottom loading exhalation system and one for the earlier front loading exhalation compartment system. Do not disassemble or attempt to repair the exhalation valve.
2-24
Theory of Operation
CV5
2-00253
Q3/T3
2-00254
2-00256
2-25
2
2.2.7 PEEP/CPAP System
Theory of Operation
The PEEP/CPAP system is shown in Figure 2-16. This system opens the exhalation valve to control the baseline pressure in the patient circuit. It also collects pressure data that is processed by the CPU and for the airway pressure displays.
FROM WALL GAS SUPPLY SYSTEM TO SAFETY VALVE SYSTEM ADJUSTABLE RESTRICTOR R3 TO ROOM AIR FROM FLOW CONTROL SYSTEM TO EXHALATION SYSTEM
NO IN OUT
P1 NO
AIR CAPACITOR
P2
OUT
2-00149
2-26
Theory of Operation
Air capacitor. A hollow cylinder, which functions as a pressure dampener. Along with R4, it helps stabilize pressure fluctuations caused by SOL4 actuation. The air capacitor is included in the 10,000 hour preventive maintenance kit. Exhalation pilot control solenoid valve (SOL4). This valve is at the crossroads of the Flow Control, PEEP/CPAP and Exhalation Systems. It is a +12 V, three-way valve that selects the pneumatic piloting pressure for the exhalation valve, during inspiration and exhalation. SOL4 is energized during inspiration, therefore, the exhalation valve is piloted by either the exhalation pilot control network, R6, R7, CV6 and CV7, or from the PSOLs. During exhalation, SOL4 is deenergized, thus applying PEEP/CPAP proportional pressure to the exhalation valve. SOL4 is included in the ventilator 10,000 hour preventive maintenance kit. PEEP/CPAP pressure transducer (P1). A differential pressure transducer that measures the difference between PEEP/CPAP proportional pressure and the atmosphere. P1 is autozeroed every minute for the first 10 minutes of ventilator operation and then hourly. P1 is located on the Pressure Transducer PCB. It can be identified because on this transducer, only port 2 has a tubing connector. P1 autozero solenoid valve (SOL8). A +6 V, three-way valve, which, when periodically activated, allows the PEEP/CPAP pressure transducer P1 to be autozeroed by venting to atmosphere (room air). SOL8 is supplied with +12 V for rapid actuation. Differential Pressure Transducer (DP). A differential pressure transducer that measures the difference between the patient circuit pressure and PEEP/CPAP proportional pressure. DP is autozeroed every minute for the first 10 minutes of ventilator operation and then hourly. DP is located on the Pressure Transducer PCB and is easily identified by noting that both port 1 and port 2 have tubing connected. DP Autozero Solenoid Valve (SOL6). A +6 V, three way solenoid valve energized once a minute for the first ten minutes and then hourly to autozero pressure transducer DP. SOL6 is supplied with +12 V for rapid actuation. BUV High Pressure Limit Switch (PS4). A differential pressure switch that limits pressure in the patient circuit to 30 cmH2O above PEEP/CPAP proportional pressure during a Back Up Ventilator (BUV) condition. PS4 is not monitored during normal operation.
2-27
Theory of Operation
Self Test (POST) has successfully completed. The autozero task is performed at the end of exhalation so it does not interrupt a regular breathing pattern. P1 is autozeroed by energizing SOL8. In doing so, the PEEP/CPAP proportional pressure applied to port 2 is vented to atmosphere. Since port 1 is already open to atmosphere, the CPU can sample the transducer at this time. DP is autozeroed by energizing SOL6. In doing so, the patient circuit pressure applied to port 2 is vented to PEEP/CPAP proportional pressure. Since port 1 is already at PEEP/CPAP proportional pressure, the CPU can sample the transducer at this time.
2-28
Theory of Operation
P1
JV
2-00258 2-00257
DP
2-00242
F8
2-00259
R3
2-00260
PS4
2-00245
REG5
2-00261
Air Capacitor
2-00262
SOL4
2-00263
SOL6
2-00243
SOL7
2-00264
SOL8
2-00265
2-29
2
2.3 Electrical System
Theory of Operation
This subsection describes the operation of the 7200 Series Ventilator electrical system. It begins by briefly describing the overall ventilator electrical operation. It continues by describing the major electrical units at length. Table 2-2 lists the major electrical units and briefly describes their major functions. Negative-true signals (active at 0 V) are denoted by a slash (/) following the signal mnemonic. Signal mnemonics without a slash are assumed to be positive-true (normally active at +5 V). Table 2-2: Electrical Units and Their Functions
Electrical Unit Power supply Pulse oximetry PCB assembly (Multibus and Biox PCBs) Function +5, +12, and 15 V supply Low ac voltage detection Line voltage surge suppressor (later 100/115 V units, intermediate 220/24V units) Isolation transformer (220/240 V EMI units) Includes power switch, power relay, circuit breaker, RFI line filter, power voltage line filter, elapsed time meter (ETM), and batteries Multibus Interconnects pneumatics, utility panel, power supply, and interface PCB Pressure transducers P1, P2, and DP +10 V converter for transducers Primary system control Primary clock, system clock, and bus clock generation POST control and LEDs Watchdog timer Interface between conversion PCB and CPU Software storage Battery-backed RAM (storage of ventilator settings and error codes) Primary system control Primary system timing POST control and LEDs SPST interface Watchdog timer Interface between conversion PCB and CPU Software storage (except POST) Secondary timing RS-232 communications interface (for DCI and other applications, like printer, 7202 Display, and computer) Communications DIP switches Option PAL Time of day and date Lookup tables for air and oxygen flow sensors Battery-backed RAM (storage of ventilator settings, error codes) Temporary data storage Measures arterial oxygen saturation and pulse rate for display Separate speaker and circuit
2-30
Theory of Operation
Table 2-2: Electrical Units and Their Functions (continued)
Electrical Unit DCI-display controller PCB (80188-based units only Display controller PCB (8088-based units only) Front panel display PCB Function System control of keyboard and display functions (interface between CPU and keyboard/ display) RS-232 communications interface (for DCI and other applications like printer, 7202 Display, and computer) Communications DIP switches Resets ventilator after watchdog time-out or power fail Option PAL Time of day and date Lookup tables for air and oxygen flow sensors System control of all keyboard and display functions (interface between CPU and actual keyboard/display) Resets ventilator after watchdog time-out or power fail Contains VFDs and LEDs Display and lamp drivers Generates characters for display Voltage converters for VFDs All A/D and D/A conversion (sensors, proportional solenoid valves) Audio alarm control BUV control circuit +10 V converter for T1, T2, and T3 Back-up ventilator Nurses call relay Flow sensor (Q1, Q2, and Q3) and temperature sensor (T1, T2, and T3) output conditioning Proportional solenoid valve interface Solenoid signal gating and conditioning Pressure transducer (P1, P2, and DP) and thermistor (T1, T2, and T3) multiplexing BUV and safety valve open lamp drivers Battery charger Conditions analog output connector FLOW and PRESSURE signals Compressor control circuitry Feeds through EST switch activating signal Feeds through analog meter activating signal Feeds through display control signals
Conversion PCB
Interface PCB
2-31
2
2.3.1 Overview
Theory of Operation
Control of the ventilator pneumatics is performed by the electrical system, shown in the ventilator wiring diagram, which is located in the front pocket of this manual. Power distribution. As the wiring diagram shows, the ventilator is powered by ac power, which is routed to the power supply via the utility panel. The power supply converts the ac power to dc voltages necessary to power the digital electronics, the electro-pneumatic components, and the displays. These dc voltages are distributed to the motherboard, from where it is routed throughout the ventilator system. Microprocessor control. At the heart of the electrical system is the central processing unit (CPU), located on the CPU PCB. The various pneumatic and electrical functional units interact as directed by the CPU and under control of programs stored in memory. Inputs to the CPU come from the following: Sense inputs from the electro-pneumatic components, such as pressure switches and flow and pressure transducer inputs. Operator keyboard inputs. Using this information, the CPU makes decisions regarding flow, pressure, and volume of air and oxygen to be delivered to the patient. It controls these parameters by outputting data to such electropneumatic components as the solenoid valves and the proportional solenoid valves. In addition, the CPU interacts with the operator by displaying messages and other data, and by sounding the alarm. Multibus. The CPU and the other ventilator logic interact using the system data, address, and control buses (the Multibus), located on the motherboard. The address bus is a 20-bit bus that the CPU uses to select a memory location or I/O device for data transfer. Data that is transferred between the CPU and a memory location or I/O device is passed over the 8-bit bi-directional data bus. The direction of data transfer (input or output with reference to the CPU) is specified by various control signals that originate in the CPU and are distributed to memory and device control logic via the control bus. The memory and device control logic in turn sends various control signals back to the CPU to verify completion. Examples of these control signals are interrupt request (IRQ), memory write command (MWTC), processor clock (CLK), and Multibus acknowledge (MBXACK). Display and keyboard interface. The CPU does not interface directly with the ventilator keyboard, displays, and pneumatics; instead, it interfaces with control logic for those devices. Data to be displayed is sent to the DCI-display controller PCB (in 80188-based units) or the display controller PCB (in 8088-based units) via the Multibus. That PCB sends the data to the displays, located on the front panel display PCB. The keyboard interfaces with the CPU by sending it an interrupt request when a key is pressed. In response, the CPU reads a buffer in the keyboard logic to determine which key was pressed. Pneumatic interface. Analog sense data coming from the pneumatics is sent via the motherboard PCB to the interface PCB, where it is conditioned. This conditioned analog data is in turn sent to the conversion PCB, where it is converted into digital signals usable by the CPU. Similarly, digital control signals for the pneumatics are passed from the CPU to the conversion PCB, where they are converted into analog signals. These analog signals are conditioned and multiplexed on the interface PCB, then the output is sent to the pneumatics via the motherboard PCB.
2-32
The utility panel distributes ac power to the dc power supplies and other ventilator components (Figure 2-18). The utility panel includes the on/off power switch, power relay, circuit breaker, RFI line filter, surge-suppression varistor, the elapsed time meter (ETM), and the internal line voltage filter (surge suppressor) (in later-model 220/240 V units). The batteries, discussed in Section 2.3.3, also are part of the utility panel. The ac power switch applies current to the power relay coil, which closes the relay contacts, applying power to the circuit breaker, RFI line filter, varistor, ETM, and humidifier. The ac power is then distributed to the cooling fan, dc power supplies, and the exhalation compartment. The compressor is supplied with ac directly from the utility panel terminal block. The compressor compartment includes its own circuit breaker and line filter for the ac. The compressor motor is energized only if the compressor-ETM start relay in the compressor compartment is energized. This relay is hard-wired to pressure switch PS2 in the wall gas supply line. If PS2 drops out, the compressor-ETM relay closes and ac is applied to the compressor motor.
UTILITY PANEL COMPRESSOR COMPARTMENT AC POWER INPUT SURGE SUPPRESSOR (LATER 220/240 V UNITS ONLY) LINE FILTER CIRCUIT BREAKER ETM/MC START RELAY ELAPSED TIME METER COMPRESSOR FAN(S)
EXHALATION COMPARTMENT LINE FILTER (ALL BUT LATER 220/240 V UNITS) CIRCUIT BREAKER POWER RELAY ON-OFF SWITCH ELAPSED TIME METER HUMIDIFIER FILTER HEATER ELECTRONICS COMPARTMENT COOLING FAN DC POWER SUPPLY SURGE SUPPRESSOR (LATER 100/115 V UNITS AND INTERMEDIATE 220/240 V UNITS) +5 V +12 V 15 V POWER FAIL MODULE ISOLATION TRANSFORMER
2-00278
2-33
Theory of Operation 2.3.3 The dc Power Supply and Distribution: Power Supplies and Batteries
The dc power for continuous ventilator operation is provided by a power supply (Figure 2-19). The power supply is made up of three separate supplies (+5, +12, and 15 V), a power fail module to detect low ac, and an isolation transformer to step the ac voltage to the PFM (for 220/240 V EMI power supply). Additionally, batteries provide dc power to protect ventilator data and to activate the audio alarm if power is lost. Battery power distribution is shown in Figure 2-19. In addition, a +5 V to +12 V converter on the DCI-display controller or memory PCB provides voltages for RS-232 transmission. A voltage converter on the front panel display PCB also converts +5 V to +50 V, 1.7 V ac, and 5.6 V ac to power the vacuum fluorescent displays. Two +15 V to +10 V converters on the conversion PCB and the pressure transducer PCB provide voltages for the pressure and temperature transducers. Figure 2-20 through Figure 2-23 show how +5 V, +10 V, +12 V, and 15 V are distributed to the ventilator.
2-00279
2-34
Theory of Operation
2
2
Theory of Operation
8088-10
2-35
Theory of Operation
8088-12
2-36
Theory of Operation
0
2
Theory of Operation
Theory of Operation
8088
2-37
Theory of Operation
8088-11
2.3.3.4 Batteries
Two 2 V lead-acid batteries in the utility panel protect RAM contents when power is removed from the ventilator. These batteries also permit the alarm to sound when power is lost. The batteries do not provide power to operate the ventilator in the event of a power failure. Figure 2-24 shows battery power distribution.
2-38
Theory of Operation
BATTERY
2-39
Theory of Operation 2.3.4 CPU, Memory, and Associated Circuits: MegaCPU PCB or 80188 CPU PCB
The megaCPU PCB or 80188 CPU PCB (Figure 2-25) contains the microprocessor, most of the ventilator memory, including software storage, and much of the ventilator control circuitry. The megaCPU PCB is used in current 7200 Series Ventilators. The 80188 version of the CPU PCB is used in intermediate 7200 Series Ventilators. These ventilators use the Intel 80188 Microprocessor. The two PCBs differ primarily in that the megaCPU PCB contains more memory, which is necessary when running certain ventilator operations. The PCB makes use of a kernel concept for test purposes. The CPU, memory, and the minimum additional logic the CPU requires for operation are structured into this kernel. Unidirectional bus drivers permit the kernel to be isolated from the rest of the PCB. When the kernel is operational and isolated from the rest of the system, it can run POST and report results to the error code LEDs. The functional units of the megaCPU PCB or 80188 CPU PCB (called the CPU PCB for short) are described briefly below. Multibus interface. Buffers Multibus address, data, and control signals. The BUSY/ signal is tied low to indicate to the bus that the CPU PCB is always the bus master. Local bus interface and decode logic. Controls the passage of data, address, and control signals between the CPU and memory or I/O devices on the CPU PCB. It also produces select signals for devices on the CPU PCB. The local bus interface and decoder includes latches for addresses and LED data, one data transceiver, one control buffer, and various decoding gates. Eight LEDs. Display POST error information. Kernel EPROM (64 KB). Contains instructions for POST and for initialization of the microprocessors integral functions. Non-maskable interrupt (NMI) circuit. Signals the CPU when either a bus time-out (BTO) has occurred (an accessed address is not responding) or ac power is lost (PWRFAIL). The power failure is sensed by the power supplys power fail module. The PWRFAIL signal is latched in the nonmaskable interrupt (NMI) generator. Intel 80188 Microprocessor (CPU). The ventilators central processing unit. This micro- processor chip contains internal timers, a clock generator, memory and device decode logic, and an interrupt controller. One of the internal timers is used for the bus time-out function. Another functions as the 20 ms system clock used by the software. Attached to the 80188 Microprocessor is a 20 MHz crystal, whose output is divided by two for internal timing and to supply a 10 MHz clock output. The10 MHz clock signal provides the basis for the two Multibus bus clock signals, BCLK and CCLK. The microprocessor. outputs memory and peripheral select signals, MCS0/, MCS2/, UCS/, PCS0/, and PCS3/ through PCS6/.Interrupt controlling circuitry within the microprocessor chip handles interrupts according to the priorities programmed. RAM (128 KB). CMOS static RAM devices powered by the +5 V supply (or batteries when power is lost). Because CMOS RAM consumes little power, a battery can preserve this data for long periods should power be lost. To safeguard data during power on and off, RAM cannot be accessed while supply voltages are stabilizing (INIT/ active). System-shared EPROM (512 KB). Stores ventilator systems and applications programs. Memory decode logic. Selectively enables portions of system-shared EPROM and RAM. 5 MHz clock. Divides the 10MHz clock output by the CPU to produce LCLK. Local bus expansion interface. Permits interface with an external device such as the System Performance Service Tester (SPST), a Puritan Bennett proprietary tester. The interface includes address and control buffer and a data transceiver. Ready generator. Provides the CPU with an acknowledge signal from an addressed memory or I/O device.
2-40
Theory of Operation
Digital I/O interface. Provides I/O ports for transmitting data between the CPU and the conversion PCB. Watchdog timer. Strobed by the software periodically to prevent its timing out. When the timer does time out, indicating a software or hardware problem, the system is reset.
2-41
Theory of Operation
2-42
Theory of Operation
2
2
Theory of Operation
18570
2-43
2
2.3.5 CPU and Associated Circuits: 8088 CPU PCB
Theory of Operation
The 8088 CPU PCB (Figure 2-26) contains the microprocessor, some memory, I/O ports, interrupt and other associated control circuitry, and circuitry to interface the ventilator to external test equipment. The 8088 version of the CPU PCB is used in earlier 7200 Series Ventilators. These ventilators use the Intel 8088 Microprocessor. The CPU PCB makes use of a kernel concept for test purposes. The CPU, memory, I/O ports, and the minimum additional logic the CPU requires for operation are structured into this kernel. Unidirectional bus drivers permit the kernel to be isolated from the rest of the PCB. When the kernel is operational and isolated from the rest of the system, it can run POST and report results to the error code LEDs. The functional units of the 8088 CPU PCB are described briefly below. Multibus interface. Buffers Multibus address, data, and control signals. Performs bus arbitration functions for the Multibus. Because there may be more than one PCB requiring access to the Multibus, the Multibus interface logic resolves priority between bus masters. Local bus interface and decode logic. Controls the passage of data, address, and control signals between the CPU and memory or I/O devices on the CPU PCB. EPROM-I/O. Stores POST instructions and contains I/O ports to communicate self-test data. Three LEDs. Display POST error information. Ready generator. Provides the CPU with an acknowledge signal from an addressed memory or I/O device. Bus controller. Produces memory and I/O control signals by decoding status signals S0/ through S2/ from the CPU. Among the signals generated are various read and write commands, as well as the address latch enable (ALE) signal. Intel 8088 Microprocessor (CPU). The ventilators central processing unit. This micro- processor chip receives or transmits 8-bit data over multiplexed data/address lines KADR00 through KADR07. The CPU addresses up to one million bytes of memory over KADR00 through KADR07 and 12 additional address lines KADR08 through KADR13. The CPU controls operation of the ventilator via the read (RD/) line and status lines S0/ through S2/; these status lines are decoded in the bus controller and used to generate memory and I/O control signals. Status and other information is input to the CPU over interrupt request (INTR), non-maskable interrupt (NMI), and I/O acknowledge (READY) lines. Clock generator. Generates a master clock which is divided to produce a 5 MHz clock used by CPU, the bus controller, and the Multibus interface; and a 2.5 MHz clock used by the EPROM-I/O and the timing section. Timing section (watchdog timer, bus timer, etc.). Provides system timing function and hardware operation monitoring. It provides the foreground clock used by the software and the software watchdog timer function. A bus timer also determines the presence of bus activity. EPROM (up to 24 KB). Stores POST and other ventilator software. Digital I/O interface. Provides two Intel 8255 I/O ports for transmitting data between the CPU and the conversion PCB. Static RAM (8 KB). Stores ventilator data. Interrupt controller. Provides the CPU with prioritized interrupt inputs and generates other interrupt information. Interrupts are caused by peripherals requiring service, by a bus time-out, a watchdog time-out, or a power failure. Local bus expansion interface. Drives the local address, data, and control bus during transmission between the CPU PCB and the System Performance Service Tester (SPST), a Puritan Bennett proprietary tester.
2-44
Theory of Operation
8088-24
2-45
2-46
Theory of Operation
8088-23
2-47
Theory of Operation 2.3.7 DCI-Display Controller PCB (Used in 80188-Based Units Only)
The DCI-display controller PCB (Figure 2-28) permits communication with the 7202 Display, a printer, or a computer over four RS-232 ports. It also interfaces the displays and keyboard with the CPU PCB, and it provides a path for lamp, analog meter, and alarm control signals traveling between the interface PCB and the front panel. The DCI-display controller PCB also includes a power sequencer to detect the decay of the +5 V power supply output. The DCI-display controller PCB is used in current 7200 Series Ventilators, those ventilators that use an Intel 80188 Microprocessor. The functional units of the DCI-display controller PCB are described briefly below. A description of how various PCBs interact during keyboard and display operations is given in Section 2.4.2. Multibus interface. Buffers address, data, and control signals being transferred between the Multibus and the keyboard/display system. It also generates enabling signals for devices on the PCB and an acknowledge signal to the CPU. Power sequencer. Generates the INIT/ signal to reset the ventilator electronics to a known state under these conditions. It remains active until the system is turned on or ac power recovers. See Section 2.4.3 for a complete discussion of ventilator initialization. During a normal power down, an accidental power loss, or any other time +5 V power supply output falls below +4.775 V or exceeds +5.225 V. After a watchdog timeout Real-time clock. Keeps track of the time of day and date for use in printed reports and error code time/date stamps. Option PAL. Contains option data. Keyboard interface and drivers. Read keyboard input data by scanning the keyboard matrix for pressed keys. When a key is pressed, a keyswitch is closed, allowing current to flow through the activated row to the column where the closed keyswitch is located. The state of each of the eight columns in the matrix is sent to the DCI-display controller PCB over keyboard return lines RL0 through RL7. The interface, which uses the Intel 8279-5 Programmable Keyboard/Display Interface, includes a debounce circuit, which waits and rechecks a key for closure. Transducer lookup tables (EPROMs). Store data unique to specific oxygen, air and exhalation flow sensors, Q1, Q2, and Q3. This data is used by the microprocessor to linearize the output of these three sensors. These three EPROM devices plug into soldered sockets. EPROM U406 contains the lookup table for Q1, EPROM U504 contains the lookup table for Q2, and EPROM U607 contains the lookup table for Q3. Serial Communications Controllers (SCCs). Convert parallel data into a serial data stream for transmission to such serial devices as printers and intelligent terminals. The SCC converts serial data received from these devices into 8-bit parallel data that the CPU can use. The SCCs have a total of four RS-232 ports. The SCC can be programmed for communications at various baud rates, in synchronous or asynchronous modes, in various start/stop bit configurations, and with various error-correcting schemes. The configuration switches on the DCI provide programming inputs to the SCC. (See Figure 3-3 for details of these operator-selected parameters.) Display data latches and buffers. Limit the transfer of data between RAM and the front panel to periods of display refreshing. RS-232 drivers and receivers. Buffer data being sent between the ventilator and communications devices. They convert serial data from the SCCs from TTL voltage levels of 0 V to RS-232 voltage levels of -3 to -25 V (low) and +3 to +25 V (high), and vice versa. Fan alarm circuit. Produces a pulse that can be read by CPU to determine whether fan is revolving at adequate speed (EMI units only). Utility panel buffer. Permits reading of fan alarm pulse and other signals.
2-48
Theory of Operation
8088-6
2-49
Theory of Operation
Display RAM. Stores data to be displayed, including alphanumeric, numeric, LED, and lamp data. The data for each character, single LED indicator, or alarm summary lamp/LED is accessible at a fixed RAM address. Address selector. Places either a memory address (A0 through A5) or a refresh address (RA0 through RA5) on the display RAM address lines, based on the state of RAMSEL/. Refresh address circuits. Repeatedly furnishes refresh addresses to the lowest six bits of a memory address, resulting in the continuous re-outputting of display data already on display. Display refreshing takes place when the CPU is not addressing RAM either to write new data to it or to read data for display. Timing circuit. Generates clock signals used by the keyboard and display system by dividing the 10 MHz clock input. The timing circuit also generates addresses used in display refreshing. Configuration switches (S1, S2, and S3) and buffer. Three DIP switches that permit the user to configure communications ports. The settings for these switches are shown in Figure 3-3. Memory and I/O select logic. Selectively enables portions of memory or I/O devices on the DCI-display controller PCB. It consists of several programmed array logic (PAL) devices and other decoding logic. Acknowledge generator. Produces a signal to inform the CPU that a data transfer was completed successfully on the DCI-display controller PCB.
2-50
Theory of Operation
18070A
2-51
Theory of Operation
Timing circuit. Generates clock signals used by the keyboard and display system by dividing the 10 MHz clock input, CCLK. The timing circuit also generates addresses used in display refreshing. It repeatedly furnishes refresh addresses to the lowest six bits of a memory address, resulting in the continuous re-outputting of display data already on display. Display refreshing takes place when the CPU is not addressing RAM either to write new data to it or to read data for display. Power sequencer. Generates the INIT/ signal to reset the ventilator electronics to a known state under these conditions. It remains active until the system is turned on or ac power recovers. During a normal power down, an accidental power loss, or any other time +5 V power supply output falls below +4.775 V or exceeds +5.225 V. After a watchdog timeout (ALARM/ active) A 25 ms timer within the power sequencer is used in conjunction with the watchdog timer on the CPU PCB. If the watchdog timer is still timed out after 25 ms, a watchdog timeout is declared. See Section 2.4.3 for a complete discussion of ventilator initialization. Fan alarm circuit and buffer. Produces a pulse that can be read by CPU to determine whether fan is revolving at adequate speed. Permits reading of that pulse (EMI units only). Display data latches. Limit the transfer of data between RAM and the front panel to periods of display refreshing. Refresh address selector. Places either a memory address (A0 through A5) or a refresh address (RA0 through RA5) on the display RAM address lines, based on the state of DISPSEL/.
2-52
Theory of Operation
0
2
Theory of Operation
Theory of Operation
B
Voltage converter. Converts +5 V from the power supply into voltage to drive the VFDs. The voltage converter is necessary, because the VFDs require voltages not available from the ventilator power supply. The voltage converter supplies the following voltages: +50 V dc, 1.7 V ac, and 5.6 V ac. Character generator PROM. Generates the 14-segment character representation for the 20-character (alphanumeric) display from output signals AN0 through AN6 and ANDP. This character generation is accomplished in two parts. During the display blanking period (BREFCLK active), half of the segments are generated. This segment and decimal point data is latched into a register at the end of the blanking period. After the blanking period, the remaining segments are generated and latched. Timer. An astable mulitvibrator, which produces a pulse that controls the flashing of the LED indicators and lamps. Scan decoder. Sequentially asserts each of eight keyswitch scan lines KS0 through KS7 based on the three-bit count supplied by the keyboard interface device on the DCI-display controller or display controller PCB. Each output line corresponds to a row on the keyboard matrix. Segment drivers. Amplify any of the 14 signals necessary to form the segmented 20-character display. Grid drivers. Enable the writing of data to a character position (one of grid signals G1 through G22, or G1 through G32) after the appropriate segment signals (furnished by the 7-segment decoder-driver or character generator PROM) are applied. Seven-segment decoder-driver. Generates the 7-segment representation of alphanumeric display data. This circuit uses the four-bit BCD and decimal point data (NUM0 through NUM3 and NUMDP) to create each digit. LED indicator circuits (decoder, latches, LED indicators). In the enhanced and Enhanced-Plus front panel display PCB, two discrete LEDs comprise a single LED indicator (for example, APNEA). In the basic front panel display PCB, one discrete LED comprises an LED indicator. The LEDs remain lit until the LED data changes or until the appropriate data latch is disabled. Alarm summary display circuits (latches, drivers, LEDs or lamps). In the enhanced and Enhanced-Plus front panel display PCB, five discrete LEDs comprise an alarm summary indicator. In the basic front panel display PCB, the alarm summary indicators are incandescent lamps. The LEDs or lamps remain lit until the data changes or the appropriate data latch is disabled. Keyboard. Provides pressure-sensitive membrane switches for data entry. The scan decoder sequentially asserts each of eight keyswitch scan lines KS0 through KS7, each line corresponding to a row on the keyboard matrix. When a key is pressed, a keyswitch is closed, allowing current to flow through the activated row to the column where the closed keyswitch is located. The states of the eight columns in the matrix are sent to the DCI-display controller or display-controller PCB over keyboard return lines RL0 through RL7.
The functional units of the front panel display PCB are described briefly below. A description of how various PCBs interact during keyboard and display operations is given in Section 2.4.2.
2-53
Theory of Operation
8088-30
2-54
Theory of Operation
8088-22
2-55
Theory of Operation
18090
2-56
The conversion PCB (Figure 2-33) performs all digital-to-analog (D/A) and analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion needed for ventilator operation. These converted signals are used to control and monitor analog devices. In addition, the conversion PCB controls ventilator alarm operation and back-up ventilator (BUV) operation. It also provides optical isolation for digital input and output signals to and from such devices as pressure switches and solenoids. The conversion PCB connects directly to the system Multibus and the I/O bus. High-priority, non-interruptible information traverses the I/O bus, while other information traverses the Multibus. The functional units of the conversion PCB are described briefly below. Multibus interface and address decoding section. Buffers address, data, and control signals being transferred between the Multibus and the conversion PCB. It also generates enabling signals for devices on the PCB. Alarm control. Stores data used to control the audio alarm. Each of four sources can independently activate the audio alarm upon detecting an alarm condition. The four sources are: loss of power, apnea ventilation, BUV, and electronics compartment cooling fan (EMI only). BUV control circuit. Permits the CPU to set and reset BUV by writing to memory addresses. The SET/ and RESET/ signals generated by the BUV control circuit are sent to the BUV circuit on the interface PCB. This circuit in turn generates signals to directly control the pneumatics during BUV. See Section 2.4.3 for a complete description of BUV operation. A/D converter and buffer. Convert analog signals to digital signals for use by the CPU. Analog signals come from flow sensors Q1, Q2, and Q3; temperature sensors T1, T2, and T3; and pressure transducers DP, P1, and P2. These signals pass through the interface PCB, where they are multiplexed. The converter also generates channel select information, which is used by the multiplexers on the interface PCB. The A/D converter circuits include a precision instrumentation amplifier, a sample-and-hold system, an A/D converter device, and timing and interrupt circuitry. D/A converters (DACs 0, 1, and 3). Convert digital signals to analog signals to control the proportional solenoid valves and the analog meter. These three 12-bit DACs, DAC0, DAC1, and DAC3, generate 0 to 20 mA analog signals. These analog outputs represent oxygen flow (DAC0), air flow (DAC1), and meter/test data (DAC3). For each conversion, twelve bits of input data (DAC0 through DACB) are transferred to each DAC from I/O ports on the CPU PCB. When the ventilator is powered up, the microprocessor clears the data lines, then sets the control lines to logic one, and resets the back-up system, driving the DACs to zero. D/A converters (DACs 4 and 5). Convert digital signals to analog signals to control the shapes of the pressure and flow waveforms present at the analog output connector on the utility panel. These two DACs generate 0 to 10 V analog signals. These analog outputs represent flow waveform (DAC4) and pressure waveform (DAC5). For each conversion, twelve bits of input data (DAC0 through DACB) are transferred to each DAC from the CPU PCB. Input drivers/optical isolators. Buffers and optically isolates digital inputs from pressure switches PS1, PS2, and PS3, as well as the BUV status. These inputs come from the interface PCB. Where the transmitting and receiving circuits use different power supplies, signals are optically isolated.
2-57
Theory of Operation
CON-PCB
2-58
Theory of Operation
Output drivers/optical isolators. Buffers and optically isolates digital outputs to the solenoids, the battery charger, and the compressor. Other signals buffered by the digital output interface include INIT, RESET/, SET/, NURSES CALL, ALARM, and SW VBATT. These buffered signals are output to the interface PCB. Where the transmitting and receiving circuits use different power supplies, signals are optically isolated. Optical isolation prevents noise present on the pneumatics ground from interfering with the analog and digital electronics. To ensure a clean transition between powerup and power-down, INIT/ is used to disable the digital outputs optical isolators. To ensure a clean transition from power-down to powerup, the inputs to the optical isolators drivers are inhibited by the RESET/ signal from the BUV control. This allows the CPU time for self-checks and for initializing the I/O bus.
2-59
2
2.3.11 Interface PCB
Theory of Operation
The interface PCB (Figure 2-34) interconnects and conditions electronic signals transmitted between the conversion PCB, the pneumatic components, the utility panel components, and the DCI-display controller PCB or display controller PCB. The interface PCB also provides battery charging and back-up ventilator (BUV) circuitry. The BUV circuitry permits the ventilation of a patient if the CPUs reliability is suspect. The functional units of the interface PCB are described briefly below. Flow sensor signal conditioning. Amplifies and filters raw inputs from flow sensors Q1, Q2, and Q3. One of these conditioned outputs is a feedback signal for adjusting the flow sensor raw signals. Another conditioned output is fed to a multiplexer in the conversion PCB input multiplexer. Back-up ventilator (BUV). Provides fixed mode ventilation in the event of microprocessor failure. Because the microprocessor cannot reliably be expected to control the pneumatics in such a case, alternate non-CPU controlled circuitry is provided on the interface PCB to control some pneumatic components. The BUV can be initiated by the detection of a hardware or software problem (INIT/ active) or by a SET/ command from the CPU. When the INIT/signal is applied to the BUV on the interface PCB, a 10-second timer is started. During this 10-second interval, the CPU executes POST. If POST does not pass, the BUV takes control of the ventilator. After BUV is initialized, a timer internal to the BUV outputs a signal (CLK), which controls the time of the exhalation and inspiration periods (2/3 and 1/3). The BUV outputs a BUV signal, which controls pneumatic components involved in BUV. If patient pressure is greater than 30 cmH2O above PEEP, BUV outputs HIP. Some of the pneumatic components energized during BUV include: Cross-over solenoid SOL3, energized when oxygen pressure switch PS1 is actuated. Exhalation pilot control solenoid SOL4, energized when inspiration is required and patient pressure is less than 30 cmH2O above PEEP. Safety valve solenoid SOL5 and PEEP/CPAP solenoid SOL7, energized when PS1, PS2, or PS3 is actuated. The BUV supplies the analog multiplexer signals to determine the analog input to PSOL1 and PSOL2. The selection of analog inputs is based on such variables as whether or not BUV is active (state of BUV), whether inspiration or expiration is required (state of CLK), whether patient pressure is less or more than HIP, and whether any of pressure switches PS1 through PS3 is actuated. During BUV operation, the BACK UP VENTILATOR indicator on the front panel display is lit and the alarm is sounded. The BUV LAMP signal (IDI7) is also output to the conversion PCB. For a system-level operational description of BUV, refer to Section 2.4.3.5. Motor compressor control circuit. Outputs the MC signal to energize a relay in the compressor compartment; this relay turns on the compressor motor. The relay is energized when PS2 senses low wall air pressure.
2-60
Theory of Operation
2
2
Theory of Operation
18050
2-61
Theory of Operation
Solenoid interface. Conditions solenoid energizing signals from the conversion PCB. The solenoid interface additionally permits solenoids to be operated independently of microprocessor control during BUV, as follows: Cross-over solenoid SOL3 is energized when oxygen pressure switch PS1 is actuated and BUV is active, or via computer control (IDO5). Exhalation pilot control solenoid SOL4 is energized during inspiration (CLK active), patient pressure is less than 30 cmH2O above PEEP (HIP inactive), and BUV is active, or via computer control (IDO6). Safety valve solenoid SOL5 and PEEP/CPAP solenoid SOL7 are energized when one of pressure switches PS1, PS2, or PS3 is actuated and BUV is active, or via computer control (IDO7). Compressor unloading solenoid SOL9 is energized at compressor startup when BUV is active or via computer control (IDO10).
Pressure switch interface. Conditions the pressure switch signals so that if a switch is energized (closed contacts), PSx will be a 20 mA signal; and if the switch is de-energized (open contacts), PSx will be a 0 mA signal. Nurse call relay. Permits the NURSES CALL signal to be selectively transmitted to the utility panel analog output connector. This analog output connector can be connected to an external device and the NURSES CALL signal can be used to drive a lamp or alarm on that device. The NURSES CALL signal is active (relay closed) when input signal IDO11 from the conversion PCB is active, indicating an alarm condition, or during BUV (BUV signal active). Proportional solenoid (PSOL) interface. Provides drive current ranging between 10 and 630 mA at +10 V for PSOL1 and PSOL2. To generate these PSOL signals, the interface PCB conditions the 0 to 20 mA DAC outputs, DAC0 and DAC1. Signals DAC0 and DAC1 are then applied to a multiplexer, which selects either the conversion PCB outputs or fixed oxygen and air values used by BUV. The outputs of DAC0 and DAC1 are deselected when BUV is inactive (BUV signal inactive). During BUV, fixed oxygen and air values are selected when inspiration is required (CLK active), when patient pressure is less than 30 cmH2O above PEEP proportional pressure (HIP inactive), provided one of pressure switches PS1, PS2, or PS3 is actuated. Display controller interface. Interconnects and conditions the following signals going to the DCI-display controller or display controller PCB. These signals include: BUV LAMP, which drives the front panel BACK UP VENTILATOR indicator when BUV is active (BUV signal active). SAFETY VALVE OPEN LAMP, a +12 V, 20 mA drive signal generated any time the safety valve, controlled by SOL5, is open (IDO7 active). METER, the DAC3 output. The output of DAC3 is also returned to the conversion PCB via the multiplexer, allowing the testing of D/A conversion.
Battery charging circuit. Charges the lead-acid back-up batteries. The two 2 V batteries, located in the utility panel, are constantly being charged while power is applied to the ventilator. The CPU can disconnect the charging circuit from the batteries, for the purpose of checking battery voltage, by activating the battery test output of the conversion PCB, IDO12. The battery voltage can be measured through the BATTERY input of the multiplexer.
2-62
Theory of Operation
0
2
Theory of Operation
Theory of Operation
B
Under normal operating conditions, a steering circuit on the motherboard allows the charging circuit to charge the batteries, but prevents the charging circuit from becoming a load to the batteries when power is lost or when the ventilator is in storage. The steering circuit drives the battery back-up line, VBATT, providing power to battery-backed RAM and to the audio alarm during a power failure. Figure 2-23 shows battery power distribution. Analog output connector (FLOW/PRESSURE) interface. Converts the output of DACs 4 and 5, both of which range from 0 to 20 mA signals, to 0 to 10 V external analog output connector signals, FLOW and PRESSURE. These signals are supplied to an external device through the utility panel analog output connector. A/D converter (A/DC) multiplexer. Supplies the conversion PCB with a pair of analog inputs (+IN and -IN) for later conversion into their digital equivalents. Signal selections are made from various analog signals, based on four channel enable signals (CE0/ through CE4/) supplied to the interface PCB by the conversion PCB. The selection of an analog input is made from flow sensor outputs (Q1, Q2, and Q3); temperature sensor outputs (T1, T2, and T3); pressure transducer outputs (DP, P1, and P2); battery voltage (BATTERY); and the +10 V output from the conversion PCB. The TEST signal is the output of DAC3 on the conversion PCB used in verifying that the A/D converter is functioning properly.
2-63
2
2.3.12 Pulse Oximetry PCB Assembly
Theory of Operation
The optional pulse oximetry PCB assembly, shown in Figure 2-35, equips the ventilator to measure arterial oxygen saturation and pulse rate. Oxygen saturation refers to the amount of oxygen carried by hemoglobin. Expressed as a percent, oxygen saturation is the amount of oxygen carried compared to total capacity. A ventilator with Pulse Oximetry displays the oxygen saturation and pulse rate on the 20-character display. A separate speaker, which is part of the pulse oximetry PCB assembly, beeps at the same rate as the pulse; the pitch of the beeps varies as oxygen saturation varies. The speaker also sounds when the patients oxygen saturation or pulse rate falls outside of operator-selected ranges. The pulse oximetry PCB assembly consists of two PCBs: the Multibus PCB and the smaller Biox PCB, which is attached to the Multibus PCB. The Biox PCB performs the actual pulse oximetry functions, while the Multibus PCB interfaces the pulse oximetry hardware to the ventilator via the Multibus.
2-64
Theory of Operation
2
PULSEOX
2-65
Theory of Operation
Total absorption
Absorption due to Hb
Time
Figure 2-36. Absorption Factors in Pulse Oximetry
2-00280
2.4
Operational Descriptions
The following subsections describe the operation of the 7200 Series Ventilator from a systems point of view. Each subsection begins by describing the interaction between electronics and pneumatics during inspiration and exhalation. It then continues with descriptions of various ventilator functions arranged alphabetically. These operations are described under these headings: 2.4.1 Breath Delivery Inspiration Exhalation I/O Device Operation Keyboard Operation 20-Character Display Operation Numeric Display Operation LED Indicators Operation Alarm Summary Display Operation
2.4.2
2-66
Theory of Operation
Audio Alarm Operation Analog Meter Operation Nurse Call Operation A/D Conversion Proportional Solenoid Valve Operation Emergency Operating Modes Bus Timeout (BTO) Power Failure Watchdog Timeout Initialization Back-up Ventilation Safety Valve Open Wall Air-to-Compressor Switchover Apnea Ventilation Disconnect Ventilation
2.4.3
2-67
2
2.4.1 Breath Delivery
Theory of Operation
The breath delivery discussion describes how the ventilator delivers breaths during inspiration, exhalation, and when PEEP/CPAP is active.
2.4.1.1 Inspiration
This discussion addresses inspiration during both mandatory and spontaneous breaths with a description of the differences between mandatory and spontaneous breath, the gas supply, the flow control, and the nebulizer operation. Differences between mandatory and spontaneous breaths. During a mandatory inspiration (Figure 2-37), a fixed volume of gas is delivered to the patient. Breath delivery may be initiated when the ventilator senses patient inspiratory effort, when the ventilators breath timing dictates, or when the operator presses the <MANUAL INSPIRATION> key. Provided the Flow-by option is not active, the ventilator senses patient inspiratory effort based on the operator-selected <SENSITIVITY> value. When the Flow-by option is in use, inspiration is triggered when the ventilator senses that the flow to the patient exceeds the operator-selected threshold. The ventilator terminates the breath when the operator-selected tidal volume is delivered or when patient pressure exceeds the operator-selected high pressure limit. During a spontaneous inspiration (Figure 2-38), the pneumatic system operates as it does during mandatory inspiration, except that the patient always initiates the breath and draws whatever volume the patient desires. The ventilator delivers gas at a rate sufficient to maintain the airway pressure near the preselected <PEEP/CPAP> level minus <SENSITIVITY>. For example, if <PEEP/CPAP> is set to 10 cmH2O and <SENSITIVITY> to 2 cmH2O, the airway pressure is maintained near 8 cmH2O. The ventilator terminates the spontaneous breath when system pressure, sensed at the proximal airway, exceeds the baseline pressure by approximately 1 cmH2O. If Flow-by is active, exhalation begins when the exhaled flow (sensed by Q3) exceeds the delivered flow (sensed by Q1 and Q2) by 2 lpm.
2-68
Theory of Operation
Gas supply. During inspiration, air for delivery to the patient and to power the PEEP/CPAP and safety valve systems is provided by external air, if available, or by the compressor. Components in the wall gas supply or the compressor system sense the gas pressure and direct gas from either source (refer to descriptions of wall gas supply and compressor operation earlier in this section.) Oxygen from an external source is regulated and supplied to the ventilator through a pneumatic circuit almost identical to the wall air supply circuit. Figure 2-37 and Figure 2-38 show gas being supplied by an external source. Figure 2-39 shows the pressures and flows involved in the gas supply. In that figure, the compressor is active. Flow control. Oxygen and air, either from the wall supply or compressor, are now delivered to the proportional solenoid valves, PSOL1 and PSOL2. The computer samples the gas flow measurements from Q1/T1 and Q2/T2. Then, based on the operator-selected tidal volume, oxygen percentage, breath rate, peak flow, waveform, and these flow readings, the CPU adjusts PSOL1 and PSOL2 as necessary. As a result, the patient receives breaths with these operator-selected parameters. Mixed gas now flows from the junction of PSOL1 and PSOL2 (Figure 2-40), through the safety valve assembly, through the main flow bacteria filter, and to the patient system. Nebulizer operation. The nebulizer system operates during inspiration only. If the operator-selected nebulization, one of the nebulizer solenoids, SOL1 or SOL2, is energized. If an oxygen percentage greater than 60 was selected, SOL1 supplies pure oxygen to the nebulizer. If an oxygen percentage of 60 or less was selected, SOL2 supplies air to the nebulizer. Figure 2-41 shows the operation of the nebulizer. Figure 2-37 shows an inspiration without nebulization active, while Figure 2-38 shows an inspiration with nebulization and an oxygen percentage of 70.
2.4.1.2 Exhalation
Exhalation (Figure 2-42) begins after the ventilator has delivered the operator-selected volume of gas, and after the operator-selected plateau period (mandatory breaths) or as demanded by the patient (spontaneous breaths). In either case, as the patient exhales, the exhalation pilot control solenoid SOL4, which is de-energized, allows PEEP proportional pressure from the jet venturi to pilot the exhalation valve open to PEEP. This allows the exhaled gas to enter the exhalation system through the heated filter. After being heated, the exhaled gas continues to the exhalation flow and temperature sensors Q3/T3. Exhaled flow data is used to determine the patients exhaled volume. From there, the exhaled gas is vented from the ventilator. If the ventilator has an internal exhalation valve, the gas is vented through this opened valve. Figure 2-43 and Figure 2-44 show gas pressures and flows during exhalation. Figure 2-45 shows the operation of PEEP during exhalation.
2-69
Theory of Operation
2-70
Theory of Operation
Theory of Operation
2-00144
Figure 2-37. Mandatory Inspiration with 50% O2, Wall Air, and Nebulizer Inactive
2-71
Theory of Operation
2-72
Theory of Operation
2-00145
Figure 2-38. Spontaneous Inspiration with 70% O2, Wall Air, and Nebulizer Active
2-73
Theory of Operation
PNEUMATIC COMPARTMENT
O2 REGULATOR REG 1 O2 FILTER F2 O2 CHECK VALVE CV1
10 psig nominal
O2 SCREEN FILTER F11 O2 FLOW AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS
CROSS-OVER SOLENOID O2 PRESSURE SWITCH PS1 NC C NO AIR SCREEN FILTER F10 VENT SILENCER PROPORTIONAL SOLENOID VALVE ASSEMBLY
REG 3
PULSATION DAMPER
2-00150
2-74
Theory of Operation
0
2
Theory of Operation
Theory of Operation
B
0 120 cmH2O 0 180 slpm 10 psig nominal 0 180 lpm
P1 SOL 1 O2 NEBULIZER SOLENOID PROPORTIONAL SOLENOID VALVE ASSEMBLY PSOL 1 R5 P2 INLET DAMPING RESTRICTOR P2 P2 CV3 SAFETY/CHECK VALVE
PSOL 2
R7
R6
10 psig nominal
2-00281
2-75
2
10 psig nominal 0 10 lpm
Theory of Operation
P1 SOL 1 O2 NEBULIZER SOLENOID PROPORTIONAL SOLENOID VALVE ASSEMBLY PSOL 1 R5 P2 INLET DAMPING RESTRICTOR P2 P2 CV3
SAFETY/CHECK VALVE
PSOL 2
R7
R6
2-76
Theory of Operation
2
2
Theory of Operation
2-00146
2-77
2
0 - 41 cmH2O No flow
DP AUTOZERO SOLENOID SOL6 IN NC DP C P2 DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE TRANSDUCER P1 PS4 OUT
Theory of Operation
0 - 120 cmH2O
EXHALATION COMPARTMENT
COLLECTOR VIAL
0 - 200 lpm
0 - 200 lpm
0 - 120 cmH2O
0 - 200 lpm
2-00152
PATIENT PRESSURE
PATIENT PRESSURE WATER TRAP
0 - 120 cmH2O
VENT
COLLECTOR VIAL
2-00151
0 - 200 slpm
0 - 200 lpm
0 - 200 lpm
2-78
Theory of Operation
0
2
Theory of Operation
Theory of Operation
B
0 6 psig 0 2.6 lpm 10 psig nominal 0 1.2 lpm 0 - 41 cmH2O No flow
NO IN OUT REG 5
ADJUSTABLE RESTRICTOR R3
F8 DAMPING RESTRICTOR FILTER
R1
JV JET VENTURI
NC
P1 NO
SOL 4
OUT
EXHALATION VALVE
EXHALATION COMPARTMENT
2-00283
2-79
2
2.4.2 I/O Device Operation
Theory of Operation
The following describes how the ventilator receives input (from keyboard and by monitoring analog devices) and how the ventilator outputs information to such devices as the displays, the audio alarm, and the proportional solenoid valves.
2-80
Theory of Operation
If the switch remains closed, the column and row addresses of the switch in the keyboard matrix are transferred into a 1-byte FIFO buffer within the keyboard interface. The presence of data in the FIFO buffer causes the keyboard interface to generate IRQ to the CPU. The CPU responds by appropriately setting the control and address lines to the keyboard interface to read a byte of data over data lines D0 through D7. The CPU then resets IRQ. The above described procedure is repeated for each pressed key.
8088-15
2-81
Theory of Operation
8088-19
8088-18
2-82
Theory of Operation
2.4.2.4 LED Indicators Operation (Figure 2-49)
To turn on an LED indicator, LED control bits AN0 through AN1, which are stored in the 20-character display RAM, are gated with a pulse from an astable multivibrator to determine whether an indicator will be lit, and if so, whether it will flash. In ventilators with the enhanced console, the LEDs are latched on and remain lit, whereas in ventilators with the basic console, the LEDs are lit, then are continuously refreshed so they appear to be continuously lit. Each indicator is associated with an address. An indicator can be lit when its address is on lines BRA0 through BRA5 and BREFCLK is low. On the Enhanced-Plus or enhanced console, two LEDs comprise an LED indicator. On the basic console, one LED comprises an LED indicator.
2-83
Theory of Operation
2-84
8088-16
Theory of Operation
2.4.2.5 Alarm Summary Display Operation (Figure 2-50)
On the enhanced console, five LEDs comprise an alarm summary display indicator. On the basic console, the alarm summary display indicators are incandescent lamps. To turn on an alarm summary display indicator, lamp control bits NUM0 and NUM1, which are stored in the lamp/numeric display RAM locations, are gated with a pulse from an astable multivibrator to determine whether a lamp will be lit, and if so, whether it will flash. One indicator, addressable by refresh address lines BRA0 through BRA5, can be lit at one time. The indicator remains lit until the current state of the indicator data changes or until the data latch is disabled.
2-85
Theory of Operation
2-86
8088-17
Theory of Operation
ALARM
2-87
Theory of Operation
2-88
8088-14
Theory of Operation
2.4.2.8 Nurse Call Operation (Figure 2-53)
The ventilator provides a nurse call signal, which can be used when interfacing the ventilator to an external device. The signal, which is active in almost all cases when the audio alarm is also active, provides output through the analog output connector on the utility panel. The ventilator does not supply power to a nurse call device. The CPU makes a decision to energize the nurse call relay K1 on the interface PCB whenever the audio alarm is active (except during POST and lamp test). The controlling bit is output from the CPU PCB and is optically isolated in the conversion PCB, then applied to the interface PCB as a +12 V signal, IDO11. Here, the controlling bit is ORed with the BUV signal, resulting in the nurse call relay being energized either under software control (IDO11 high) or whenever the BUV signal is high. When the relay coil is energized, the normally open relay is closed, applying the active nurse call signal to the analog output connector.
2-89
Theory of Operation
2-90
8088-13
Theory of Operation
2-91
AD-CON
Theory of Operation
2-92
Theory of Operation
0
2
Theory of Operation
Theory of Operation
B
0 6 psig 0 2.6 lpm 10 psig nominal 0 1.2 lpm 0 - 41 cmH2O No flow
NO IN OUT REG 5
ADJUSTABLE RESTRICTOR R3
F8 DAMPING RESTRICTOR FILTER
R1
JV JET VENTURI
NC
P1 NO
SOL 4
OUT
EXHALATION VALVE
EXHALATION COMPARTMENT
2-00283
2-79
2
2.4.2 I/O Device Operation
Theory of Operation
The following describes how the ventilator receives input (from keyboard and by monitoring analog devices) and how the ventilator outputs information to such devices as the displays, the audio alarm, and the proportional solenoid valves.
2-80
Theory of Operation
If the switch remains closed, the column and row addresses of the switch in the keyboard matrix are transferred into a 1-byte FIFO buffer within the keyboard interface. The presence of data in the FIFO buffer causes the keyboard interface to generate IRQ to the CPU. The CPU responds by appropriately setting the control and address lines to the keyboard interface to read a byte of data over data lines D0 through D7. The CPU then resets IRQ. The above described procedure is repeated for each pressed key.
8088-15
2-81
Theory of Operation
8088-19
8088-18
2-82
Theory of Operation
2.4.2.4 LED Indicators Operation (Figure 2-49)
To turn on an LED indicator, LED control bits AN0 through AN1, which are stored in the 20-character display RAM, are gated with a pulse from an astable multivibrator to determine whether an indicator will be lit, and if so, whether it will flash. In ventilators with the enhanced console, the LEDs are latched on and remain lit, whereas in ventilators with the basic console, the LEDs are lit, then are continuously refreshed so they appear to be continuously lit. Each indicator is associated with an address. An indicator can be lit when its address is on lines BRA0 through BRA5 and BREFCLK is low. On the Enhanced-Plus or enhanced console, two LEDs comprise an LED indicator. On the basic console, one LED comprises an LED indicator.
2-83
Theory of Operation
2-84
8088-16
Theory of Operation
2.4.2.5 Alarm Summary Display Operation (Figure 2-50)
On the enhanced console, five LEDs comprise an alarm summary display indicator. On the basic console, the alarm summary display indicators are incandescent lamps. To turn on an alarm summary display indicator, lamp control bits NUM0 and NUM1, which are stored in the lamp/numeric display RAM locations, are gated with a pulse from an astable multivibrator to determine whether a lamp will be lit, and if so, whether it will flash. One indicator, addressable by refresh address lines BRA0 through BRA5, can be lit at one time. The indicator remains lit until the current state of the indicator data changes or until the data latch is disabled.
2-85
Theory of Operation
2-86
8088-17
Theory of Operation
ALARM
2-87
Theory of Operation
2-88
8088-14
Theory of Operation
2.4.2.8 Nurse Call Operation (Figure 2-53)
The ventilator provides a nurse call signal, which can be used when interfacing the ventilator to an external device. The signal, which is active in almost all cases when the audio alarm is also active, provides output through the analog output connector on the utility panel. The ventilator does not supply power to a nurse call device. The CPU makes a decision to energize the nurse call relay K1 on the interface PCB whenever the audio alarm is active (except during POST and lamp test). The controlling bit is output from the CPU PCB and is optically isolated in the conversion PCB, then applied to the interface PCB as a +12 V signal, IDO11. Here, the controlling bit is ORed with the BUV signal, resulting in the nurse call relay being energized either under software control (IDO11 high) or whenever the BUV signal is high. When the relay coil is energized, the normally open relay is closed, applying the active nurse call signal to the analog output connector.
2-89
Theory of Operation
2-90
8088-13
Theory of Operation
2-91
AD-CON
Theory of Operation
2-92
Theory of Operation
2
2
Theory of Operation
8088-9
2-93
2
2.4.3 Emergency Operating Modes
Theory of Operation
The following describes how the ventilator operates under operating conditions such as during a power failure, when the electronics are determined to be unreliable, or when the patient is apneic. Emergency operating modes provide a reserve operational capability to allow necessary changes to be made until normal operations can be resumed.
8088-1
2-94
Theory of Operation
0
2
Theory of Operation
2.4.3.2 Power Failure (Figure 2-57)
If ac power is interrupted momentarily, if there is a long-term ac power loss at its source, if ventilator power is turned off at the utility panel, or if the +5 V power supply output otherwise decays, the ventilator considers a power failure to have occurred. In any case, the ventilator acts to place the ventilator circuitry into a known state. Exactly how the ventilator accomplishes this orderly shutdown varies depending on the magnitude and duration of the power failure. When ac voltage is low. The power fail module, which is part of the power supply assembly, continually monitors the ac input voltage to verify that the ac input voltage does not drop below the applicable trip point: Should be 100 V ac 115 V ac 220 V ac 240 V ac Actually <81 to 83 V ac <94 to 96 V ac <186 to 188 V ac <203 to 205 V ac
If the ac input voltage does drop below the trip point, the power fail modules INT0/ output goes low. This signal is sent over the Multibus to the CPU PCB, where it causes a non-maskable interrupt (NMI) to the CPU. The CPU completes execution of the current instruction, then the CPU services the interrupt. The CPU now inhibits the strobing of the watchdog timer, causing a watchdog timeout to occur (see subsequent subsection on watchdog timeout). As a result, the INIT/ signal is generated, causing the ventilator to be placed in a known state in an orderly fashion (see subsequent subsection on initialization). During POST, the CPU checks whether the power fail output signal (INT0/) is still low. If INT0/ is still low, then the [LOW AC POWER] message is displayed. If the CPU cannot restart, then the INIT/ signal stays low and the ventilator goes into BUV. When ac power returns to the threshold value, the ventilator returns to normal operation, beginning by running POST. (See subsection on BUV operation.) When ac voltages decay, the power supply output may also decay. When +5 V power supply output is out of range. If the +5 V power supply output goes below +4.775 V or above +5.225 V, the power sequencer on the DCI-display controller or display controller PCB causes the initialize (INIT/) signal to be applied to various ventilator circuits, putting the ventilator into a known state (refer to subsequent subsection on ventilator initialization). The INIT/ signal is gated with the output from a timer, ensuring INIT/ a minimum pulse width of 80 ms. If the +5 V power supply output continues to decay, the ventilator takes other actions. When the +5 V output becomes less than the battery output (+4.0 to +4.4 V when batteries are new), VBATT power to RAM and audio alarm circuits, etc., switches to battery power. See Section 2.3.3 (battery power distribution). This action protects the integrity of battery-backed RAM while power is being lost. Data in RAM is needed by the CPU to restore the ventilator conditions to those that existed before ac power loss. If the +5 V supply output falls below +3 V, relay K1 in the power sequencer clamps the INIT/ signal to ground. This relay, which is normally energized, is de-energized at +3 V, causing the contacts to close, and grounding INIT/. This relay ensures that the ventilator will be initialized even though the CPU operation and +5 V supply are unreliable. If the CPU cannot restart, then the INIT/ signal stays low and the ventilator goes into back-up ventilation (BUV). When ac power returns to the threshold value, the ventilator returns to normal operation, beginning by running POST. See the subsequent discussion of BUV operation.
2-97
Theory of Operation
2-98
Theory of Operation
2
2
Theory of Operation
8088-8
2-97
2
2.4.3.3 Watchdog Timeout (Figure 2-58)
Theory of Operation
The CPU constantly monitors software execution. If the software is running correctly, the CPU causes the watchdog timer to be strobed via the WDSTB line. Should the CPU detect a problem, such as a bus timeout (see preceding discussion on bus timeout) or a power fail condition (see preceding subsection on power failure), the CPU stops strobing the timer and the timer times out. On the megaCPU PCB or the 80188 CPU PCB, the watchdog timer is then started. If 62.5 ms elapse and the timer has not been strobed, the timer times out, resulting in a 500 ms INIT/ signal being generated. The INIT/ signal initializes the ventilator to a known state (see subsequent subsection on initialization), and can result in BUV starting. On the 8088 CPU PCB, when the watchdog timer times out, it sends an ALARM/ signal to the display controller PCB. Here, a timer (part of the power sequencer) is started, resulting in a 25 ms INIT/ pulse being generated (see next subsection). INIT/ initializes the ventilator to a known state, and can result in BUV beginning.
2-98
Theory of Operation
0
2
Theory of Operation
Theory of Operation
8088-2
2
2.4.3.4 Initialization (Figure 2-59)
Theory of Operation
Under certain circumstances, like during powerup or after power is restored following a power failure, the ventilator takes steps to reset the ventilator electronics to a known state. The electronics are put into this initialized state by the INIT/ signal, which is generated by one of the following: The power sequencer on the DCI-display controller PCB (80188-based units) or the display controller PCB (8088-based units) The watchdog timer on the 80188 CPU PCB The clock generator on the 8088 CPU PCB The INIT/ signal is routed to various PCBs via the Multibus, resulting in these actions being taken: The CPU Is placed in the reset state. The CPU PCB LEDs are turned off. Battery-backed RAM is disabled, preventing damage to data. The keyboard is locked. Real-time clock inputs and outputs are disabled. The audio alarm latches on the conversion PCB are cleared. The INIT/ signal also starts the BUV timer, which will place the ventilator into BUV in 10 seconds if POST fails.
2-102
Theory of Operation
2
2
Theory of Operation
TRI-BUV
2-101
2
2.4.3.5 Back-up Ventilation (Figure 2-60)
Theory of Operation
The ventilator invokes an emergency ventilation mode called back-up ventilation (BUV). BUV allows the ventilator to operate completely free of CPU control if the CPU fails or if a critical failure of the electrical system occurs. Because the CPU cannot reliably be expected to control the pneumatics in such a case, alternate non-CPU controlled circuitry is provided on the interface PCB to control some pneumatic components. BUV is an emergency operating mode so the ventilator must be removed from the patient and replaced by a ventilator which has undergone a successful EST. When the ventilator is in BUV, the BACK-UP VENTILATOR alarm summary display is lit and the audible alarm is sounded, if possible. In addition, the 20-character display may show a message. Table 2-3 helps you interpret the cause of BUV. Table 2-3: Back-up Ventilation Causes and Indications
Type of failures 3 system errors within 24 hours operating time POST failure 20-character display ERR 1501 DO NOT USE Error code or blank Cause Three system errors (codes 3000 - 50FF) recorded in battery-backed RAM within 24 hour operating time. POST failed for any reason. To return ventilator to normal operation, correct problem that caused POST failure or successfully complete EST. A hardware fault that could compromise safe ventilation was detected. The ventilator goes into BUV when the ventilator is powered off, then on. See error description in Section 6. Monitored ac power dropped below trip point for prolonged period. When ac returns to acceptable level and ventilator passes POST, BUV is exited. There is no ac alarm when POST is run at this time. This is the only situation where it is unnecessary to run EST to get out of BUV. +5 V power supply output outside range of +4.775 and +5.225 V for prolonged period. Problems with bus activity for prolonged period. RUN EST DO NOT USE Ventilator was placed into BUV by turning ventilator off, then on, while it was running EST.
Fault detected
ac power low
Triggering BUV. BUV is triggered either under CPU control via the SET/ signal (Figure 2-60) or INIT/ signal (see preceding subsection on initialization). The SET/ signal is generated when the CPU detects any of these conditions: Three system errors within 24 hours operating time A POST failure A fault during its normal processing Low ac power Intentional BUV (turning ventilator off during EST)
To generate the SET/ signal, the CPU writes to a memory location in the BUV control section on the conversion PCB. (If for some reason the CPU cannot write to this location, then it will be unable to strobe the watchdog timer also, and a watchdog timeout will occur.) As a result, the SET/ signal (IDO13/) is sent to the BUV circuit on the interface PCB, starting BUV at once.
2-102
Theory of Operation
8088-3
2-103
Theory of Operation
The BUV can also be invoked via the INIT/ signal. When the INIT/ signal goes active, the INIT/ signal is sent to the interface PCB, where the INIT/ signal starts a 10-second timer in the BUV. During this 10-second interval, the CPU executes POST. If POST does not pass, BUV assumes control of the ventilator. If the +12 V input to the PCB is low, however, this BUV timer will not be allowed to start, because a reliable +12 V supply is crucial to BUV. Instead, the ventilator will go into safety valve open mode (see subsequent subsection). Manifestations of BUV (Figure 2-60). After BUV is initialized, a timer internal to the BUV circuitry on the interface PCB outputs a signal (CLK), which controls the time of the exhalation and inspiration periods. The BUV outputs a BUV signal, which is used to control pneumatic components involved in BUV. If the patient pressure is determined to be greater than 30 cmH2O above PEEP, BUV outputs the high inspiratory pressure (HIP) signal. Some of the effects of BUV assuming control are: Alarm sounded. The BUV signal is output from the interface PCB to the conversion PCB as IDI7 (BUV STAT). Here it turns on the alarm. BACK UP VENTILATOR indicator lit. The BUV signal, output from the interface PCB as BUV LAMP, turns on the BACK UP VENTILATOR indicator on the front panel display PCB. Mandatory breaths with fixed parameters delivered. Only mandatory breaths are given, using these default ventilator settings: TIDAL VOLUME -0.5 liter, RESPIRATORY RATE -12 bpm, PEAK FLOW -45 lpm, O2% -100 (if oxygen is not available, 21% O2 is used). Breath timing is determined by timing circuits in the BUV. Tidal volume is determined by BUV volume potentiometers (R85 and R86), which supply the PSOLs with analog inputs. Patient system pressure limited. If patient pressure is 30 cmH2O above PEEP, BUV pressure switch PS4 is opened, resulting in patient system pressure being limited to 30 cmH2O above PEEP. This is accomplished by disabling the PSOLs and energizing the exhalation pilot control solenoid, SOL4. PEEP/CPAP active. PEEP/CPAP remains active, but the level is not displayed. Keyboard and controls deactivated: Ventilator controls, including the <EST> button, are inactive. Displays blanked. All displays, except the 20-character display, are blanked. A/D and D/A conversion inhibited. This is accomplished by clearing all DACs, disabling the A/ DC multiplexer on the interface PCB, and resetting a counter in the A/DC. Solenoids, the compressor, and the battery charger are placed into a safe state.
Because software cannot control the pneumatics during BUV, circuitry is provided on the interface PCB to duplicate some of the decisions about pneumatic control that would otherwise be made by the software. Some of these decisions are: Safety valve. The safety valve opens if source gases are not available. Cross-over solenoid SOL3. If source oxygen (sensed by PS1) is available, SOL3 is energized, permitting oxygen to operate the safety valve/check valve system and the PEEP/CPAP system. Exhalation pilot control solenoid SOL4. During inspiration, SOL4 is energized, providing exhalation valve pilot pressure from the output of PSOL1 and PSOL2. When de-energized during exhalation, the valve uses PEEP as its pilot source.
2-104
Theory of Operation
0
2
Safety valve solenoid SOL5 and PEEP/CPAP solenoid SOL7. As long as oxygen pressure switch PS1, air pressure switch PS2, or compressor pressure switch PS3 senses adequate source gas pressure, SOL5 is energized, piloting the safety valve/check valve closed. SOL7 is also energized, supplying gas to PEEP/CPAP regulator REG5 so PEEP is available. Proportional solenoid valves PSOL1 and PSOL2. The BUV on the interface PCB supplies the analog multiplexer signals to determine the analog input to PSOL1 and PSOL2. The selection of analog inputs is based on such variables as whether or not BUV is active (state of BUV), whether inspiration or expiration is required (state of CLK), whether patient pressure is less or more than 30 cmH2O (state of HIP), and whether any of pressure switches PS1 through PS3 is actuated. Nurse call relay. The nurse call relay is energized, closing the relay contacts.
Theory of Operation
Exiting BUV. In order for the ventilator to resume normal operation, EST must be run (except when low ac triggered BUV). During POST, the CPU checks for adequate power to resume normal ventilation. When the CPU determines power is adequate, it writes to memory locations on the conversion PCB. The resulting RESET/ (IDO14/) signal is optically isolated, then sent to the interface PCB, where it turns off BUV.
Yes
Yes
Yes
POST execution
Normally not
Regardless of the event that triggers SVO, safety valve solenoid SOL5 and PEEP/CPAP solenoid SOL7 are de-energized (opened), and the pilot pressure and mix exit pressures are reduced to zero. This allows the patient to breathe room air unassisted by the ventilator through the opened safety valve. It is necessary that SOL7 is opened, preventing PEEP or CPAP, which could increase work of breathing. Check valves CV3 and CV5 ensure that the patient does not rebreathe exhaled gases.
2-107
2
0 - 120 cmH2O 0 - 180 lpm
Theory of Operation
R7
60 cmH2O nominal
R6
REG 4
2-00284
2-108
Theory of Operation
2.4.3.9 Disconnect Ventilation
The ventilator invokes an emergency ventilation mode called disconnect ventilation when it detects inconsistencies between airway pressure, PEEP, and the gas delivery pressure in the pneumatic system. These may be caused by disconnected or plugged tubing. The ventilator monitors for occlusions, because an occlusion could greatly increase the patients work of breathing. When the ventilator enters disconnect ventilation, the ventilator delivers mandatory breaths with the same parameters as for apnea ventilation (default parameters are the same as BUV parameters). Sensitivity is not recognized during disconnect ventilation. During disconnect ventilation, there is an audio alarm and visual alarm (red ALARM indicator, HIGH PRESSURE LIMIT LED, and [AIRWAY PRESS DISCONN] displayed by the 20-character display). <ALARM RESET> and <ALARM SILENCE> are the only keys that operate during disconnect ventilation. After the condition that caused disconnect ventilation is corrected, press <ALARM RESET> to restore the ventilator to its pre-alarm state.
35 - 100 psig 0 - 180 lpm 10 psig nominal 1 - 180 lpm
PNEUMATIC COMPARTMENT
O2 REGULATOR REG 1 O2 FILTER F2 O2 CHECK VALVE CV1 O2 FLOW AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS
CROSS-OVER SOLENOID O2 PRESSURE SWITCH PS1 NC C NO AIR SCREEN FILTER F10 VENT SILENCER
2-00285
<35 psig
2-109
2
35 100 psig 0 180 lpm PNEUMATIC COMPARTMENT
O2 REGULATOR REG 1 O2 FILTER F2 O2 CHECK VALVE CV1 O2 FLOW AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS
Theory of Operation
CROSS-OVER SOLENOID O2 PRESSURE SWITCH PS1 NC C NO AIR SCREEN FILTER F10 VENT SILENCER PROPORTIONAL SOLENOID VALVE ASSEMBLY
<35 psig
NO OUT
ADJUSTABLE RESTRICTOR R3
REG 3
PULSATION DAMPER
Compressor Start Up
2-110
SECTION S E C T IO N
This section describes how to install accessories on and assemble the 7200 Series Ventilator after it is unpacked. The procedures required to assemble any separately packaged accessories can be found in the appropriate operators or service manual.
NOTE:
If unpacking is required, reverse repacking procedures in Section 21 to unpack the ventilator and its accessories.
3.1
Each DIP switch block consists of a block of eight small on/off toggle switches. Always check settings, as the settings may have been inadvertently changed during PCB removal or handling. Follow these instructions to check the DIP switch settings in a ventilator with or without the DCI option.
3-1
3
NOTE:
The DIP switches occupy approximately the same positions on the memory PCB as they do on the DCI-display controller PCB. For another view of these switches, see the photographs in Figure 14-9 and Figure 14-10.
HOST xx xx x xx xx or COMPTR xx xx x xx xx
3-2
3
[PRNTR 12 OE 7]
PRNTR
12
Odd parity.
1200 baud. Other baud rates are 300 (03), 4800 (48), and 9600 (96).
Parity enabled.
[HOST 96 ED 8 03 15]
HOST
96
03
15
Even parity.
9600 baud. Other baud rates are 300 (03), 1200 (12), and 4800 (48).
Parity disabled.
S1 S2 S3
2-00056
3-3
3
3.1.2 Setting DIP Switches
NOTE:
Always set the DIP switches with the ventilator power off, as the ventilator software checks the DIP switch settings only immediately after power is turned on. Setting changes made while the ventilator power is on will not be recognized until the ventilator power is turned off and back on. Set the DIP switches on the DCI-display controller or memory PCB as follows. 1. Access card cage by removing ventilator top panel and top cover (Section 19.1) and card cage cover, if applicable. 2. Locate DIP switch blocks S1, S2, and S3, as applicable (Figure 3-2). 3. Change DIP switch settings by pressing in top portion of toggle switch for on or bottom portion for off (Figure 3-3).
3-4
3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
S1 (SWITCH BLOCK 1)
OFF Ch B Parity Type Ch B Parity On/Off Ch A Parity Type Ch A Parity On/Off
Ch B Baud Rate
Ch A Baud Rate
300 bps
Odd
Off
300 bps
Odd
Off
1200 bps
Even
On
1200 bps
Even
On
4800 bps
4800 bps
9600 bps
9600 bps
PRINTER port
1 2 3 4 5
S2 (SWITCH BLOCK 2)
OFF Ch B Data Size (PRINTER) Ch A Data Size Ch B Data Size (HOST2) EnhancedPlus Keyboard
Printer
7202 Display
7 bits
7 bits
7 bits
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
8 bits
8 bits
8 bits
Disabled
Disabled
Disabled
S3 (SWITCH BLOCK 3)
OFF Ch B Parity Type Ch B Parity On/Off
Ch B Baud Rate
300 bps
Odd
Off
1200 bps
Even
On
4800 bps
= Pressed in
9600 bps
(HOST2 used only in units with DCI 2.0 when PRINTER/HOST2 port set accordingly)
2-00362
3-5
3
3.2 Installing 7202 Display
Warning
Never connect or disconnect the 7202 Display from the ventilator while the ventilator is operating. If the ventilator is not turned off, a momentary loss of power to the pneumatic assembly could initiate back-up ventilation. Damage to the display module is also possible. Install the 7202 Display as follows. 1. Make sure the ventilator has a communications port in the third space on the back panel bracket (Figure 3-5). 2. Mount the 7202 Display in one of the two threaded openings on the ventilator front panel (Figure 3-4). 3. Attach free end of display cable to the 15-pin DISPLAY port on the ventilator back panel (Figure 3-5).
2-00288
3-6
back panel
2-00060
Three-connector
back panel Figure 3-5. Connecting 7202 Display Cable For details on how the 7202 display operates and how to service the 7202 display, refer to Section 20.
3.3
3-7
2-00289
Description of Signal Chassis ground: Do not use to connect protective shield to chassis ground. The protective shield must be connected to chassis ground on pin 1. Chassis ground: To be used for protective shield only. The protective shield must also be connected to chassis ground on the peripheral equipment. Pressure signal: 0 to +10 V, corresponding to -20 cmH2O to + 120 cmH2O. 0 cmH2O equals approximately 1.4 V. Required impedance matching is 1 K minimum. Pressure signal return --Flow signal: 0 to +10 V, corresponding to -180 lpm to +180 lpm. 0 lpm equals +5.0 V. Required impedance matching is 1 K minimum. Flow signal return Nurse call relay: Normally open; closed when activated. Allowable current is 250 mA at +30 V (maximum). Nurse call relay return
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
NOTE: When using a 7250 and cable (P/N 4-023259-00), only pins 8 and 9 are available.
3.4
3-8
Extension cable
Probe
2-00363
3-9
3
3.5 Installing Printer
You can connect a serial printer that is Epson FX-85 compatible to the 7200 Series Ventilator or the 7250 Metabolic Monitor. See Table 1-2 for printer compatibility requirements. Follow these instructions to install a printer for use with the ventilator or monitor. 1. Refer to Figure 3-3 and the printers operations manual for an RS-232C communications protocol. 2. Connect null modem cable to ventilators PRINTER or PRINTER/HOST2 port.
NOTE:
If the printer is to be connected to the ventilators PRINTER/HOST2 port, make sure the port is configured for printer operation (through function 22). For Thinkjet printer users: Earlier model ventilators worked with the settings shown in Figure 3-3. Later models and models with upgraded software may require that mode switch 1 be set to off prior to turning on the printer. (This prevents insertion of unwanted blank lines in the printout.)
3.6
To install a cart or a cart drawer as an upgrade to a ventilator, follow the instructions supplied with the ventilator cart kit. A ventilator ordered with a cart is shipped from the factory with the cart installed. A pair of hose management brackets, however, must be installed on the cart. Install each bracket by positioning its guide studs into the slot and tightening the screw into the ventilator cart clip-nut.
3.7
3-10
Wing nut
Flex arm
2-00292
3.8
3.9
3-11
3
Caution
The pore size of the ventilator gas supply filters is 0.3 m. The small pore size is intended to protect the ventilator. Do not replace these filters with a filter of larger pore size. Always use clean, dry gas sources. The ventilator gas supply filters are not designed to remove water vapor from wet air. Damage to the ventilator may result if the air or oxygen supply is particularly wet or dirty. Puritan Bennett recommends you install an external water trap (P/N 4-019667-00 or equivalent) between the wall gas supplies and the ventilator. Connect compressed air and oxygen to the ventilator as follows: 1. Connect the high-pressure air supply hose (black hose connector), packed in the accessories box, to the ventilator air water trap/filter assembly inlet. Connect other end of the hose to a clean, dry source of wall air (35 to 100 psig or 241.33 to 689.50 kPa). Securely tighten all connections. 2. Connect the high-pressure oxygen supply hose (green hose connector), packed in the accessories box, to the ventilator oxygen water trap/filter assembly inlet. Connect the other end of hose to a medical-grade, dry source of wall oxygen (35 to 100 psig or 241.33 to 689.50 kPa). Securely tighten all connections.
3.10
Caution Before connecting the ventilator to an external ac power source, check the information on the data plate, located on the ventilator utility panel. Verify that the ac power is of the proper voltage and frequency. Serious damage to the ventilator may result if the ac voltage and frequency do not match those specified on the data plate. 1. Uncoil ventilator power cord from around its hanger on the face of the utility panel, and plug it into a grounded power outlet.
NOTE:
3-12
3.11
Installation Checkout
Test the ventilator for proper operation after installation and assembly, as follows. If ventilator fails to perform during installation checkout, refer to Section 7, Performance Verification. 1. Install the test lung, packed in the accessories box, on the patient circuit wye. 2. Turn on the ventilator using the power switch on the utility panel. The ventilator automatically initiates the Power-On Self-Test (POST) (Section 5). If POST does not pass, make any necessary repairs before proceeding. 3. Perform the total leakage current test (Section 7.6.1). Make any necessary repairs before proceeding. 4. Perform the lamp test (Section 7.6.5). Make any necessary repairs before proceeding. 5. Perform the Extended Self-Test (EST) (Section 5). Make any necessary repairs or adjustments before proceeding. 6. Perform checkout procedures for individual accessories (refer to operators or service manuals for instructions).
3.12
3-13
3-14
3-15
3-16
SECTION S E C T IO N
Periodic Maintenance
This section includes a schedule of periodic maintenance for the 7200 Series Ventilator and patient system. It also describes how to perform periodic maintenance activities required for the ventilator and patient system. These activities should be adapted to your institutions policies and protocols.
4.1
Maintenance Ensure that ventilator functions normally with filters in place. Monitor performance of disposable filters and replace as needed. NOTE: Monitor exhalation filter more frequently if nebulized medication is being used, as a buildup of nebulized medication can occlude filter media.
Exhaled gas collector vial, oxygen and air supply water traps and filters Between patients (or every 15 days, at a minimum) Every 250 hours All bacteria filters within patient system
Check and empty, as required, every shift. Check pressure drop across reusable filters, and ensure that it does not exceed safe limits. Clean. NOTE: Clean the fan filters more often than every 250 hours if necessary (Some environments cause lint and dust to collect more quickly). Perform volume calibration if a 7250 Metabolic Monitor is being used with ventilator (see 7250 Metabolic Monitor Operators Manual). Use 2,500-hour preventive maintenance kits. Use 10,000-hour preventive maintenance kits. Replace and destroy reusable filters.
Compressor compartment cooling fan filter, electronics compartment cooling fan filter.
Entire ventilator
Various components Every 10,000 hours Annually Various components All bacteria filters within patient system (reusable filters only)
4-1
Periodic Maintenance
Also consult the equipment control (E/C) record label and the warranty label (Figure 4-1), which may be affixed to the ventilator. These labels provide information about the dates and elapsed hours at the time of ventilator services.
Ventilator ETM
PMR label
2-00042
4.1.1 Daily: Gas Supply Water Traps and Filters (Air and Oxygen)
Visually inspect each trap and filter for buildup of condensate or particles during each shift (or as often as is appropriate, based on previous experience). To purge condensate, press or loosen the drain valve at the bottom of the trap. To clean the water trap, wash it in a mild solution of soap and water, rinse well, and dry. For water trap with plastic head and spring-type drain, install a new filter element whenever the bowl is removed (see Figure 10-5).
4-2
Periodic Maintenance
Caution Evidence of white or green residue may indicate a contaminated wall air system.
4.1.3 Between Patients (or Every 15 Days, at a Minimum): Bacteria Filters in Patient System
Inspect the main flow, exhalation, nebulizer, and patient pressure bacteria filters between patients (or every 15 days, at a minimum); and check the pressure drop across the filters. (Figure 4-2 and Figure 4-3 show ways to check the pressure drop.) Replace any filter that fails the pressure drop test, is cracked, rattles, or has a broken case.
NOTE:
Monitor exhalation filter more frequently if nebulized medication is being used. Buildup of nebulized medication can occlude filter media.
Ventilator Settings: Mode: Waveform: Tidal Volume: Peak inspiratory flow: CMV Square 2.5 L 100 lpm
Pressure drop not greater than 4 cmH2O Free, unobstructed outlet
Ventilator outlet
Ventilator outlet
Pressure gauge
2-00366
b.On Any Ventilator Excluding Those with Internal Exhalation Valves in Bottom-Loading Compartments
Figure 4-2. Checking Resistance of Main Flow or Exhalation Bacteria Filter Using Ventilator
4-3
Periodic Maintenance
Acceptable pressure drop: Nebulizer/patient pressure filters: <23 cmH2O (0.33 psi) at 10 lpm flow Main flow or exhalation filters: <4 cmH2O
Air source
2-00043
Pressure regulator
Filter
Flow meter
Figure 4-3. Checking Resistance of Bacteria Filter Using Metered Air Source
Clean the fan filters more often than every 250 hours if necessary (some environments cause a quicker collection of lint and dust.) It may be necessary to clean the compressor filter more often due to its tendency to collect lint.
4-4
Periodic Maintenance
2-00170
2-00171
Figure 4-4. Removing Electronics Compartment Cooling Fan Filter (Removable Louver Panel)
4-5
Periodic Maintenance
2-00172
Figure 4-5. Removing Electronics Compartment Cooling Fan (One-Piece Left-Hand Panel)
4-6
Periodic Maintenance
2-00041
10,000
4-7
4
4.2 Cleaning and Sterilization
Periodic Maintenance
For detailed information on cleaning and sterilizing patient system parts, consult the 7200 Series Ventilatory System Operators Manual. Table 4-3 summarizes these cleaning and sterilization activities, both for patient system parts and for ventilator surfaces. Table 4-3: Cleaning and Sterilizing of Ventilator Parts and Surfaces
Part Ventilator exterior, front panel, and console cover Air/oxygen water trap/ filter assemblies Patient tubing Recommended Action Wipe clean with a damp cloth and mild detergent. Disassemble and clean. Dry with compressed air. Disassemble and clean. Steam autoclave, chemically disinfect, or expose to ETO gas. Cautions Do not use liquid bactericide. Do not allow moisture to seep between keyboard panel and console cover. Do not sterilize water trap/filter assemblies. Whenever you disassemble later-style water trap/filter assemblies, always replace filter elements F1 or F3 (see Section 4.1.2). If submersed in liquid during cleaning and sterilizing, blow moisture from inside tubing with pressurized air before using. Inspect for nicks and cuts. Routine cleaning and sterilization of exhalation compartment tubing is typically not necessary. When sterilizing tubing, coil the tubing in a large loop, avoiding kinks and crossover of tubing on tubing. The lumen should be free of visible droplets prior to wrapping. Do not allow liquid to penetrate ventilator or keyboard display panel. Do not attempt to sterilize ventilator by exposing to ETO gas. Consult appropriate operators manual for details. Ensure that nebulizer jet passages are cleaned with the jet cleaning rod provided with the nebulizer. Check for cracks.
All other outside surfaces including flex arm Accessory equipment surfaces Nebulizer
Wipe clean with alcohol or bactericide. Wipe clean with a damp cloth and mild detergent. Disassemble and clean. Then steam autoclave, chemically disinfect, or expose to ETO gas. Disassemble and clean. Then steam autoclave, chemically disinfect, or expose to ETO gas. Steam autoclave or chemically disinfect. Clean and steam autoclave, chemically disinfect, or expose to ETO gas. Steam autoclave reusable filters. Discard disposable or single-patient use filters. Clean and chemically disinfect, or expose to ETO gas. Disassemble and clean. Then steam autoclave, chemically disinfect, or expose to ETO gas.
If submersed in liquid during cleaning and sterilizing, blow moisture from inside with pressurized air before using. Inspect for nicks and cuts. Check for cracks.
Bacteria filters
Do not chemically disinfect or expose to ETO gas. Check resistance of filter before reusing (see Figure 4-2 and Figure 4-3). Do not steam autoclave.
Patient pressure water trap (conventional patient system only) Manifold junction assembly (conventional patient system only)
4-8
Periodic Maintenance
Table 4-3: Cleaning and Sterilizing of Ventilator Parts and Surfaces (continued)
Part Flex tube/check valve assembly (front-loading exhalation compartments only) Exhalation flow sensor and internal exhalation valve Recommended Action Clean and steam autoclave, chemically disinfect, or expose to ETO gas. Do not clean. Cautions
Routine cleaning and sterilization of exhalation compartment tubing is typically not necessary. Handle check valve carefully.
Do not attempt to remove the flow sensor and valve. Do not flush them with liquids or pressurized air. The only exhalation flow circuit components that typically require cleaning are the bacteria filter, collector vial, and tee.
4-9
Periodic Maintenance
4-10
SECTION S E C T IO N
Self-Tests
Two diagnostic self-test programs reside in the ventilator: the Power-On Self -Test (POST) and the Extended Self-Test (EST). POST runs automatically each time power is applied to the ventilator and can detect faults in the electronics. EST, which is run by pressing a button, tests the hardware.
5.1
Introduction
The 7200 Ventilator self-tests are described in Table 5-1. Table 5-1: Self-tests
Name Power-on self-test (POST) Purpose Verifies the integrity of the microcontrollers, power supply, battery, transducers, and motor. When it is run Automatically when power is applied to the ventilator (including after a power interruption) at the start of EST after a software watchdog timeout when a respiratory therapist is preparing to connect a new patient to the ventilator when a patient tubing system is replaced when a service technician troubleshoots the ventilator to verify ventilator performance after servicing
Lets a biomedical technician thoroughly test the operational integrity of the ventilator, both the electronics and pneumatics. POST is a part of EST.
NOTE:
The performance verification, described in Section 5, is a more thorough test of the ventilator to verify specifications are met. The technician runs a partial or full performance verification after servicing the ventilator and at regular intervals.
These checks are performed so as not to disrupt normal operation. Includes these checks: reasonableness of analog inputs, power supply, dc voltages, pressure transducers, and more.
Automatically, continually, during ventilation and a smaller number in the standby mode
5-1
Self-Tests
Refer to Section 6 for a listing of the POST and EST tests and error codes. Before running the self-tests, familiarize yourself with the warnings, cautions, and safety instructions in Section 1 and 8.
5.2
This section describes POST, including its operation, test routines, and error handling.
5.2.1 Introduction
POST verifies the integrity of the ventilator electrical system. Using POST, it is possible to quickly detect and isolate most digital and some electronic failures.
5-2
Self-Tests
LEDs
LEDs
Back
5-3
5
Section 1 - CPU kernel Section 2 - CPU PCB Section 3 - Offboard and displays Test section Binary test code
Self-Tests
If an error is detected during one of the later tests, an error code and message are displayed as follows: ERR xxyz Refer to the tables in Section 6 to interpret these error codes.
5.3
5.3.1 Introduction
EST is a set of software routines, which, in conjunction with POST, thoroughly tests the operational integrity of the ventilator. These routines ensure the integrity of ventilator parts such as the pneumatics, battery-backed RAM, the back-up ventilator, and the front panel controls and indicators. EST also calculates the system compliance and the exhalation valve area ratio and detects possible leaks.
5-4
Self-Tests
5.3.1.1 When To Run EST
5
EST was designed to be run by (1) a respiratory therapist before connecting a new patient to the ventilator or after replacing the patient tubing system, or by (2) a service technician to troubleshoot the ventilator or to help verify the ventilators operation after the ventilator is serviced. When the <EST> button is pressed to start EST, the ventilator automatically runs POST first. When POST is completed with no critical errors (see Section 5.2.3.1), the ventilator runs EST. By contrast, the performance verification, described in Section 7, is a more thorough test of the ventilator to verify it meets specifications. The service technician runs parts of or the full performance verification after servicing the ventilator and at regular intervals.
5-5
5
5.3.1.4 Quick EST (QUEST)
Self-Tests
Quick EST is an abbreviated version of EST, designed to be run when only the patient tubing system is being replaced. Quick EST, which tests the ventilator in approximately 1-1/2 minutes, runs six tests that ensure that the new patient service system is connected and matched to the ventilator. These tests are as follows:
Test 52 53 54 55, step 7 57, step 2 58 Function Autozeroes pressure transducers Ensures that patient is disconnected Tests for leaks Autozeroes proportional solenoid valves (PSOL1 and PSOL2) Calculates compliance Calculates area ratio
Before you initiate EST, if the ventilator is registering an alarm condition, press <ALARM RESET>. Alarm handling has the highest priority of ventilator tasks. To cancel an EST request after the <EST> button is pressed but before test routine execution begins, press <ALARM RESET>, <CLEAR>, or any ventilator setting or status key. If ventilator is a 7200ae and a 7250 Metabolic Monitor is installedfor the ventilator to enter metabolic mode, Volume Calibration must be accomplished. Refer to the 7250 Metabolic Monitor Service Manual, Section 3, Service Function 5. Calibration data is stored in the ventilators battery-backed RAM. If connector J11 has been disconnected during service, volume calibration must be performed.
5-6
Self-Tests
5
EST button
EST
2-00014
Figure 5-4. Location of EST Button 2. Respond to the following 20-character display prompts by pressing the keys indicated. If you do not respond to one of the following prompts within the allotted time, the EST request will be canceled.
Prompt START EST-ENTER PAT TUBING OFF-ENTER QUICK EST Response Make sure the patient is disconnected from the ventilator and the wye is blocked. Press <ENTER>. Press <ENTER> if patient is disconnected and wye is blocked. Respond as follows: Run Quick EST by pressing <ENTER>. Run Total EST or perform other EST fuctions by pressing <++>. Respond as follows: Run Total EST by pressing <ENTER>. NOTE: Puritan Bennett recommends you make a practice of reviewing error codes and other data from the most recent EST run before continuing with EST. Review the six most recent error codes by pressing the numbers <1> through <6> (see Section 5.3.9). Clear an error code from memory by pressing a number between <1> and <6>, <LAMP TEST>, then <ENTER> (see Section 5.3.10). Review data (other than errors) from the most recent EST run by pressing <0> (see Section 5.3.8). If a 7202 Display is present, the error codes and other data from the most recent EST run are now displayed (Figure 5-5 and Figure 5-6). View the ventilator model, software revision level, and option code by pressing <I:E RATIO> (see Section 1.3.3).
5-7
5
5.3.3 Running EST Test Routines
Self-Tests
The EST routines begin running when the previous prompts are answered. As the ventilator executes the test routines, it displays the test number, followed by [TESTING]. The EST routines run sequentially, stopping only to prompt the operator to perform certain actions. The 7202 Display, if present, lists the tests and their pass/fail status as they are run (see Figure 5-5 and Figure 5-6).
2-00294
2-00295
5-8
Self-Tests
5.3.3.1 Prompts
5
The ventilator displays the following prompts in the approximate order given after the previous prompts are answered appropriately. While all these prompts are displayed during Total EST, only the first four prompts are displayed during Quick EST. Respond to each prompt as indicated. Failing to respond to a prompt within an allotted time results in the test failing.
Prompt BLOCK WYE CONNECT O2 SET PEEP = 0 Response Insert a stopper into the patient wye. Press <ENTER>. Connect the ventilator to the oxygen supply. Press <ENTER>. This prompt is displayed only if oxygen is not already connected. Turn <PEEP/CPAP> control counterclockwise until the PEEP/CPAP or cmH2O display shows 0.0 cmH2O. Press <ENTER>. This prompt is displayed only if PEEP is greater than 0 cmH2O. Turn <PEEP/CPAP> control clockwise to increase PEEP. Observe that the value in the PEEP/CPAP or cmH2O display equals xx cmH2O. Three short beeps signal you to turn the knob and a long string of beeps signals you to stop. NOTE: Do not turn the knob once the beeping stops and [PLEASE PAUSE] is displayed, as the measurement is now being calculated. The setting is now within 5% range of the desired setting. UNBLOCK WYE CONNECT AIR DISCONNECT AIR DISCONNECT O2 PUSH xxx 591 NEB ATTACH/ 601 COMPR ATTACH/ Remove stopper from patient wye. Connect ventilator to external air supply. Verify that ventilator compressor (if attached) is turned off. Disconnect ventilator from external air supply. Disconnect ventilator from oxygen supply. Press requested key within 10 seconds. Press <ENTER> if patient tubing circuit includes a nebulizer. Press <CLEAR> to skip this test if tubing circuit does not have nebulizer. Press <ENTER> if ventilator is equipped with a compressor. Press <CLEAR> to skip this test if ventilator does not have a compressor.
SET PEEP = xx
OPERATOR RESPONSE TIMED OUT. PLEASE RESPOND TO THE PROMPT. TIME OUT
Either you did not enter requested information or the ventilator could not respond correctly to the action (for example, this message displayed during PEEP/CPAP level setting may mean the PEEP circuit cannot achieve the desired PEEP). Repeat test by pressing < > twice, then <ENTER>.
5-9
5
5.3.3.3 Power Loss During EST
Self-Tests
If the ventilator is turned off or loses power during EST, [RUN EST-DO NOT USE] is displayed when power is restored. The ventilator then goes into BUV. The ventilator cannot be used until EST is rerun and passed or overridden.
5.3.3.4 Displays
EST uses the ventilator displays to display various parameters. Figure 5-8 through Figure 5-10 and Table 5-7 provide information on these EST displays. Table 5-7: Displays Used in EST Operation
Display Pressure (cmH2O) display RATE/I:E display PEEP/CPAP cmH2Odisplay Volume (liters) display TIDAL VOL liters display PEAK FLOW lpm display O2% display Alarm summary display: NORMAL CAUTION Indicates EST is running by operator election and that EST has not detected any error conditions during current run. Indicates one of these conditions: A noncritical POST or EST error was detected. EST is being rerun after it failed once. A test was skipped. This light is turned off and NORMAL lit if an EST test is failed, then subsequently passed. The ALARM light is lit if EST fails while CAUTION is lit. EST detected an alarm condition during current run. This light is turned off and CAUTION is lit if EST is restarted. Displays operator prompts, error codes, and other messages. Function Displays pressure measurement of type indicated by LED. Displays area ratio. Displays PEEP/CPAP pressure measurement. Displays tubing system compliance. Displays BUV oxygen volume (test 614), lift-off current (test 557), or inspiratory oxygen flow rate. Displays BUV air volume (test 613), lift-off current (test 557), or inspiratory air flow rate. Displays exhalation flow rate.
5-10
Self-Tests
Displays PEEP/CPAP pressure
APNEA PARAMETERS AUTO PEEP PRESSURE SUPPORT DCI 2.0
5
VENTILATOR SETTINGS
RESPIRATORY MECHANICS PRESSURE CONTROL
FLOW BY 2.0
GRAPHICS 2.0
PATIENT DATA
AIRWAY PRESSURE cmH2O
60
SIGH
SPONTANEOUS
110
PLATEAU
PEEP/CPAP cmH2O
LOW EXHALED TIDAL VOLUME LOW EXHALED MINUTE VOLUME HIGH RESPIRATORY
50
cmH2O
90
O2 %
I:E APNEA
40
LOW PRESSURE O2 INLET MEAN AIRWAY PRESSURE PEAK AIRWAY PRESSURE LOW PRESSURE AIR INLET EXHALATION VALVE LEAK LOW BATTERY PEAK INSPIRATORY FLOW
70
30
Displays area ratio When reviewing previous errors, causes display of address being executed when error occurred
PLATEAU PRESSURE
50
20
RATE/I:E
TIDAL VOLUME
RESPIRATORY RATE
7 4
8 5
9 6 3
SENSITIVITY
30
HIGH PRESSURE LIMIT
O2 %
PLATEAU
1
RATE bpm I:E RATIO LOW INSPIRATION PRESSURE LOW PEEP/CPAP PRESSURE
10
0
ENTER
VENTILATOR
10
*
CLEAR
liters
0
Indicates presence of errors during previous and current EST runs Causes display of error codes in memory Causes display of previous EST data
CMV
SIMV
CPAP
LAMP TEST
100% O2 SUCTION
ALARM SILENCE
TIDAL VOLUME
MANUAL INSPIRATION
MANUAL SIGH
AUTOMATIC SIGH
NEBULIZER
ALARM RESET
2-00296
VENTILATOR STATUS
HIGH PRESSURE LIMIT LOW INSPIRATORY PRESSURE LOW PEEP/CPAP PRESSURE
LOW EXHALED TIDAL VOLUME LOW EXHALED MINUTE VOLUME HIGH RESPIRATORY RATE
O2%
PEEP/ CPAP
PLATEAU PRESSURE
When reviewing previous errors, causes display of address being executed when error occurred
ASSIST
RATE/I:E
SENSITIVITY
O2 %
PLATEAU
ALARM CAUTION
SPONTANEOUS
SIGH
PLATEAU
RATE bpm
I:E RATIO
VALVE OPEN
ENTER
CLEAR
NORMAL
Indicates presence of errors during previous and current EST runs Causes display of error codes in memory Causes display of previous EST data
liters
CMV
SIMV
CPAP
LAMP TEST
100% O2 SUCTION
ALARM SILENCE
TIDAL VOLUME
MINUTE VOLUME
MANUAL INSPIRATION
MANUAL SIGH
AUTOMATIC SIGH
NEBULIZER
ALARM RESET
2-00297
5-11
Self-Tests
Displays indicated pressure Displays lift-off current (test 557), or oxygen volume or flow Displays lift-off current (test 557), or air volume or flow
AIRWAY PRESSURE cmH2O EXHALED VOLUME liters
PATIENT DATA
cmH2O RATE/I:E
RATE bpm
I:E RATIO
PEEP/CPAP
ASSIST SPONTANEOUS PEEP/ CPAP PLATEAU PRESSURE
liters
SIGH
PLATEAU
TIDAL VOLUME
MINUTE VOLUME
When reviewing previous errors, causes display of address being executed when error occurred Displays tubing system compliance
VENTILATOR STATUS
VENTILATOR INOPERATIVE ALARM
VENTILATOR SETTINGS
LOW EXHALED TIDAL VOL LOW PRESSURE O2 INLET
CAUTION
BACK UP VENTILATOR
O2%
NORMAL
APNEA
I:E
ALARM SILENCE
ALARM RESET
LAMP TEST
SENSITIVITY
O2 %
PLATEAU
100% O2 SUCTION
MANUAL INSPIRATION
MANUAL SIGH
AUTOMATIC SIGH
NEBULIZER
CMV
SIMV
CPAP
ENTER
CLEAR
5-12
Self-Tests
5.3.4.2 If the Entire EST Fails
Warning Do not use a ventilator that has failed EST without verifying its operational integrity by means other than EST and determining that the patient will not be placed at risk. After EST fails, it displays one of these messages. Respond as indicated.
Response EST failed one or more critical tests. Do one of the following: Rerun EST at the beginning by pressing <ALARM SILENCE>. Repair the ventilator by checking errors in battery-backed RAM (Section 5.3.9), powering down ventilator, repairing the malfunction, and powering up the ventilator to re-invoke EST. Resume ventilation by pressing <ENTER> after verifying the operational integrity of the ventilator by means independent of EST. [OVERRIDE-ENTER] will be displayed. Press <ENTER>. Either EST passed all critical tests, but failed one or more noncritical tests; or EST was exited at operator request (<ALARM RESET>). Press <ENTER>. [OVERRIDE-ENTER] will be displayed. You may press <ENTER> to resume ventilation.
EST COMPLETE
Do not attempt to bypass EST by turning the ventilator power switch off and back on.
5-13
5
5.3.5.2 After the Completion of EST
When EST passes, it displays one of the following messages. Respond as indicated.
Prompt TEST AC ALARM Response
Self-Tests
Disconnect power cord and verify audible power fail alarm. Reconnect power cord. Wait for POST to run and [REVIEW APNEA PARAMS] to be displayed. NOTE: When returning the ventilator to operation after EST, always wait until the ventilator displays [REVIEW APNEA PARAMS]. Do not turn the ventilator power switch off and on. If you do so, [RUN EST-DO NOT USE] will be displayed and BUV will start. If power fail alarm does not sound during ac alarm test, remove ventilator from operation, and troubleshoot it, referring to Section 7.8, step AF. NOTE: Puritan Bennett recommends you always perform the ac alarm test after EST. It is possible to skip the test, however, by pressing <CLEAR> in response to this prompt.
Response EST failed one or more tests or it was exited at operator request. See Section 5.3.4 to respond to this prompt.
5-14
Self-Tests
current status codes in battery-backed RAM overall result of the most recent EST: whether the ventilator passed or failed the test
<ENTER>
For additional information on using the DCI option, see the Digital Communication Interface (DCI) Appendix to the 7200 Series Ventilatory System Operators Manual. Refer to Section 1.10 of this manual for the part number.
5-15
Self-Tests
TIME: 08:50 VENTILATOR SERIAL # DATE: NOV 30 1999 ************************ EST RESULTS *************************************** -------------------------------------------------------------------------------TEST CONDITION ERROR CODE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------51 TEST BBR PASSED 52 AUTOZERO PRESS TRANSDUCERS PASSED 53 CHECK PATIENT ATTACHED PASSED 54 LEAK TEST PASSED 55 TEST Q2 VS Q3 PASSED 56 TEST Q1 VS Q3 ****** 57 COMPLIANCE/SAFETY VALVE PASSED 58 AREA RATIO/PEEP PASSED 59 TEST NEBULIZER ****** 60 TEST COMPRESSOR ****** 61 TEST BUV ****** 62 TEST FRONT PANEL ****** 63 TEST DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS ****** TUBING COMPLIANCE TUBING LEAK AREA RATIO 35 cmH2O 30 cmH2O 20 cmH2O 15 cmH2O 10 cmH2O 5 cmH2O 2 cmH2O AVERAGE BBR STATUS 1 0000 2 0000 3 0000 4 0000 5 0000 6 0000 4.10 7.7 ml/cmH2O cmH2O/10 SEC ****** = TEST NOT RUN (QUICK EST)
*****
5-16
To start EST at its beginning while you are reviewing error codes, press <ALARM SILENCE>. The ventilator can store data on the six most recent errors detected by EST. This error data is stored in battery-backed RAM. It includes the error codes and the date and time the errors were detected. The error code display takes this form: xxyz ERR mmdd hhmm where: xxyz is the error code mmdd is the month and day the error was detected hhmm is the hour and minute the error was detected On a ventilator with a 7202 Display, this information is part of the screen that automatically comes up when EST begins (Figure 5-5 and Figure 5-6). On a ventilator without a 7202 Display, view this error data by pressing a number in the range <1> through <6> in response to the [QUICK EST] or [TOTAL EST] prompt. <1> stands for the most recently detected and <6> stands for the least recently detected error. If no errors were detected, [NULL ERR] is displayed. When certain errors, such as some soft errors, are detected, the address being executed when the error occurred is also stored in battery-backed RAM. For errors 48F8 through 48FF, these addresses may prove helpful in diagnosing the origin of the problem. To make use of these addresses, get to the [QUICK EST] prompt, then press <1> and the <RATE bpm> key in the upper right-hand corner of the keyboard. Make note of the 12-digit number in the 20-character display. Do this for locations 1 through 6. If two or more of the addresses you retrieve are identical, do the following: 1. Break the address into three sets of four digits. (For example, [40A361010100] would be broken into 40A3/6101/0100). 2. Multiply the first set by 10H. (For example, 40A3H x 10H = 40A30H.) 3. Add the second set to this value. (For example, 40A30 H + 6101H = 46B31H.) 4. Look at the appropriate memory map in Table 5-12 or Table 5-13 to determine the corresponding suspect part. (For example, if the ventilator is 80188-based, 64B31H could represent faulty software.)
5-17
5
Table 5-12: 80188-Based Ventilator Memory Map
Address range 00000 -7FFFF 80000 -8FFFF 90000 -903FF 90400 -90FFF 91000 -92FFF 93000 -93FFF 94000 -943FF 94400 -947FF 94800 -97FFF 98000 -9FFFF A0000 -AFFFF B0000 -BFFFF C0000 -C7FFF C8000 -F7FFF F8000 -FFFFF Suspected hardware location Software (on CPU PCB) CPU PCB Conversion PCB Reserved for future expansion DCI-display controller PCB Reserved for future expansion DCI-display controller PCB Pulse oximetry PCB Reserved for future expansion Pulse oximetry PCB CPU PCB CPU PCB Reserved for future expansion CPU PCB Software (on CPU PCB)
Self-Tests
5-18