SRT 1F

Synchronous Radio for Trunk Applications

Contents
System overview System configuration Main features Equipment management Overall systems characteristics

Transport Network - Fixed Operators

High capacity Regional Subnetworks

Figure 1: Transport network

The fast-growing demand of telecommunication services as well as the increased network topologies and traffic requirements have been pushing for a new evolution of pointto-point radio systems for trunk applications. A cost effective compact Radio System allowing a rapid installation without any in-field alignment and offering standard TMN interfaces has been considered as the best choice to suit these new market requirements.

The radio relay system competitive features, such as the quick deployment and fast network roll-out with simple civil works as well as the high flexibility, strongly justify a modern telecommunications network scenario in which radio systems and fiber optic systems will complement and support each other in a very effective mixed media approach. A combined radio fiber transport network requires SDH radio system designed for full compatibility with other SDH Network Elements (fig.1)

Back up to the Fiber

Regional/National Radio Backbones

System overview
SRT 1F is a digital microwave communication system based on the SDH specifications conforming to international communications standards such as ITU-T, ITU-R and ETSI. The SRT 1F radio forms SDH communication network in combination with SDH-based fiber optical transmission system. For the operation, maintenance and monitoring of the whole system, a local craft terminal, element manager and network manager are connected on customers requirement. The SRT 1F system processes STM-1 (155.52 Mbit/s) base band signals in the SDH hierarchy, limiting their bandwidths within a single radio frequency band stipulated by ITU-R based on a multi-level QAM modulation technology (such as 64 or 128 QAM depending on radio frequency spacing) (fig.2). The base band signals are fed through an STM-1 optical interface or STM-1 electrical interface. In this system, N+1 radio protection switching is implemented on the radio side. On the STM-1 base band side, (1+1) multiplex section protection is also implemented for the STM-1 optical interface as option. With different combinations of RF transmit/receive units, RF branching network unit and modulator / demodulator units, this system can support the full range of radio frequency bands recommended by ITU-R (4G, 5G, L6G, U6G, 7G, L8G, 11G, 13G) and frequency spacing of 28 MHz, 29M Hz, 29.65 MHz and 40 MHz. The system supports both alternated and co-channel operation.

STM-1 Electrical Interface Protection RF Channel Branching System Transceiver Unit MOD DEM In Out In Out OPT INT#X MOD DEM Tx Rx Main RF Channel Transceiver Unit Tx Rx Local terminal

STM-1 Optical Interface

Main

SD

OPT INT#X

Clock Engineering Order wire Wayside traffic Operating System Support Interface User Channel

From other main channels Supervisory, Control& Switching subrack

Figure 2: Block diagram of the system

System configuration
The SRT 1F system consists of an RF Branching Unit, a Transceiver Unit and a Supervisory, Control and Switching sub-rack (SCS sub-rack). The Branching System includes an antenna duplexer and RF transmit / receive filters. The Transceiver Unit integrates the transmitter, receiver, modulation, demodulation , STM-1 electrical base band signal processing, unipolar hitless switch and auxiliary signal processing functions. The SCS base band integrates the synchronous equipment management function (SEMF), remote management function (MCF), radio protection switching, order wire, user channel, radio user channel and system synchronization functions. In case of STM-1 electrical interface system, three shelves are needed. While in case of STM-1 optical interface system, an additional interface unit shelf is needed as option. Rack Configuration/ RF CH Allocation Rack configuration for Alternated and Co-channel operations are the following: Alternated Operation Maximum 7+1 complete system having V-polarization and H-polarization is configured in a single rack Maximum 2x(3+1) Double Terminal complete system is configured in a single rack 1+1 Not Expansible system with single or double polarization is configured in a single sub-rack Co-channel Operation 2x(7+1) protection switching: Maximum 7+1 complete system having V-polarization and maximum 7+1 complete system having H-polarization are configured in two racks 2x(3+1) protection switching: Maximum 3+1 system having V-polarization and maximum 3+1 system having H-polarization are configured in the same rack 1+1 Not Expansible system with single or double polarization is configured in a single sub-rack Radio Protection Switching The maximum protection switching (RPS) capacity is 7+1 for alternated operation and 2x(7+1) for Co-channel operation. The RPS of SRT 1F system implements a switchover between any of working channels and protection channel. In this configuration, a unipolar switch (USW) inside the Transceiver Unit activates the switchover against propagation path fading and a bipolar switch inside the BSW unit activates the switchover against Transceiver failures. The USW has a one-bit error switching mode to maintain circuit quality for high speed fading in very heavy propagation conditions. USW switchover is unidirectional. The bipolar switch is activated in the event of a Transceiver failure: it is not hitless and it is bi-directional. The RPS ensures redundancy of the main signals (STM-1), Way Side and User Channel (F1) signals.

Equipment layout

BRANCHING SYSTEM

TRANSCEIVERS AND MODEMS

SUPERVISORY CONTROL and SWITCHING TRANSCEIVERS AND BASEBAND OPTICAL INTERFACE

Fully Expansible System

1+1 Not Expansible System

Frequency band (GHz) ITU-R F series No. Modulation format (QAM)

SRT 1F: Frequency coverage

U4 128

4 64

5 64

L6 128

U6 64

7 128

L8 128

11 64

13 F.497-5 128

F.382-6 F.635-4

F.1099-1 F.383-5

F.384-6 F.385-6

F.386-4 F.387-7

Main Features
Transceiver Unit The Transceiver Unit is an all-in-one unit that receives the STM-1 base band (BB) electric signals and, after processing, it outputs the converted signals to the antenna port via RF Branching System at the required Radio Frequency (fig. 3). All the functions required for the signal processing are enclosed in this unit: it implements multi-level QAM (64/128) and the corresponding demodulation; it processes the required SOH bytes and pointers; it converts signals into the first IF (70 MHz), then (via synthesizer) to RF through the second IF (844 MHz). The STM-1 electric signals are output from the Transceiver to the outside via the BSW unit inside SCS sub-rack for N+1 RPS switchover (bipolar switchover) in the event of a Transceiver failure. Moreover, to reduce random errors in transmission paths, the MLCM error correction method is used. In addition to the main signals, the Transceiver also processes the input and output signals of the 2x2 Mbit/s Way Side traffic (one on SOH and one on RFCOH) and of the user channel using the F1 byte. These signals are accessed through BSW unit in the same way as the main signals. The unipolar switch and Space Diversity DADEing function are prepared in the unipolar stage for constructing radio protection switching to switchover from any of working channel to protection channel against fading. The orderwire bytes (E1, E2), DCC, Service Channels, MCF data, and RPS switchover data are processed in the Supervisory, Control & Switching sub-rack. Additional functions of the Unit are described below: - TVE with DFE: 11-taps Transversal Time Domain Equaliser with, 10taps Decisional Feedback Equaliser. - ATPC: Saves the power consumption and reduces interference (10dB variable). - PM: In addition to the conventional error Performance Monitoring, monitoring for send power and receive power is added.

TRANSMITTER

RECEIVER

Figure 3: Transceiver unit

Supervisory, control, and switching sub-rack The SCS sub-rack provides supervisory and control function, including alarm/event information management and provisioning data setting. It has a shelf structure and consists of the following units: MCF/Controller, BSW unit and Timing Source Unit (TSU) (fig.4). MCF/Controller: it has the supervisory and control functions for Transceiver Unit; manages and controls RPS-USW and RPS BSW; terminates the E1 and E2 order wire bytes (EOW); terminates the DCC line; sets security levels of operators; manages bit error performance, analogue monitoring and event monitoring. BSW: it is the BaseBand physical interface for STM-1 signals. It implements a switchover in the bipolar stage for any of Transceiver failure. The required number of BSWs is same as the number of working RF channels. TSU: it supplies clock signals for system synchronization. The SCS can have the following optional units installed: up to two Embedded Channel Units (ECU) for DCC distribution; up to two Housekeeping (HK) units for supervisory and control of external communication equipment by using housekeeping bits; one redundancy TSU; one Occasional Interface unit for occasional traffic on protection channel; and one BSW Interface for 2x(N+1) co-channel operation. In case of Double Terminal configuration in a single rack, the SCS is equipped with two MCF/Controller, two TSU, two Occasional Interfaces, two HK units and up to six BSW units (fig. 5).

Figure 4: Supervisory, control and switching unit layout

Figure 5: Double Terminal Supervisory control and switching sub-rack

Optical interface sub-rack This sub-rack is only needed for STM-1 optical interface operation. It can provide STM-1 optical interface S.1.1or L.1.1 and MSP protection is available.

Figure 6: Branching scheme for alternated operation

BSW1 TSU X BSW 1 TSU X

BSW2 TSU Y BSW 2 HK

BSW3 BSW 3 OCC.INTF

BSW4 HK1 MCF/Controller

BSW5 HK2 BSW 1 TSU X

BSW6 BSW 2 HK

BSW7 OCC INTF BSW 3 OCC.INTF

ECU1 MCF/Controller

ECU2 MCF/Controller (SV)

Connection Area

Branching System The Branching System is completely accessible from the front part of the rack. The high compactness of the system enables to locate the branching for eight channels together with the branching for SD receiver in the same sub-rack. It allows mixed polarization (H and V) inside the same rack, and the choice of frequency and polarization of stand-by channel (fig. 6 ). Expansion inside the same rack can be obtained, even from 1+0 Terminal to 7+1 Terminal, without removing the Transceiver Units already located in the rack. Up to eight channels on the same polarization can be mounted in the same rack . Expansion to 2x(N+1) configuration is also possible by adding an expansion rack .

Equipment Management
All SDH products in Siemens catalogue use the same approach to Telecommunication Management Network (TMN) from the point of view of hardware and software architecture in order to have the various network elements suitable for integration under a common management system. SRT 1F management platform bases upon the presence of the MCF / Controller unit with the following tasks (fig.7): receiving and transmitting from/to the controlled units all the information required for system management; transmitting to Local Craft Terminal (LCT) and the Element Manager (EM) the alarms and measures coming from the units receiving controls / settings from LCT / EM. The information stored and processed by MCF/Controller unit (configuration, events, performance monitoring) are made externally available in different ways in order to allow the radio to be considered as a Network Element of the Network. A powerful local control is managed by a Windows PC as craft-terminal via RS-232-C interface. The LCT handles units status and configuration, provides alarms and performance monitoring and reports analogues measures. In addition Security and Inventory facilities are available.

BSW units

Transceiver units

MCF/Controller unit
BSW interface

SCS Subrack

LCT To/from exp.rack Interface towards EM

OPTICAL/PDH subrack

Figure 7: Management architecture

NetViewer NME Suite The Microwave Management System NetViewer is a versatile TMN product for the management of PDH, SDH and Point-to-Multipoint microwave systems, able to supervise other vendors devices as well through a standard SNMP interface. An overall view of the complete network structure and its ability to enter down to the Network Element details give a clear picture of the whole network, its configuration and events. Fault, Configuration and Performance management are carried out at Network Element level; at Network level Fault and Security configuration are available. Netviewer is the basic part of Siemens offer for Network Management oriented to microwave networks that is represented by the NetViewer NME Suite.

The suite is composed of a number of modules: NetViewer, core of the system, as Element Manager; SNMP Agent, a real-time northbound interface; TCOA (TMF CORBA Agent), a realtime northbound interface; NML module, as Network Manager; HP OpenView NNM (Network Node Manager) add-on, that allows the integration of NetViewer in HP; OpenView NNM (product of Hewlett Packard); HP-Compaq TeMIP add-on, that allows the integration of NetViewer in HP OpenView TeMIP (product of HP-Compaq). Moreover, NetViewer can be easily integrated both in Siemens SDH TMN platform (TNMS) with TNMS Core Radio add-on, and in Mobile TMN platform (Radio Commander) in order to offer to the operator a unique interface for management purposes.

NetViewer Server

ADM
SRT 1F

NetViewer Clients 120

ADM

SRT 1F

SRT 1F

SRT 1F

ADM ADM

SRT 1F SRT 1F SRT 1F

SRT 1F

Figure 8: Example of Radio Network

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Overall system characteristics

RF band 4/5/U6/11GHz (40MHz) U4GHz (29 MHz) L6/L8GHz (29.65 MHz) L7/U7/ 13 GHz (28 MHz) 128QAM single carrier 64QAM single carrier Alternated Co-channel Signal Interface STM-1 STM-1 per RF (V or H-pol.) Method 2 x STM-1 per RF (V and H-pol.) 155.52 Mbit/s electrical 155.52 Mbit/s opt. (S-1.1) 155.52 Mbit/s opt. (L-1.1) +29 dBm (4-8 GHz) * +29 dBm (11 GHz) +27 dBm (13GHz) 10 ppm guaranteed (4-8 GHz) 5 ppm guaranteed (11-13 GHz) Mechanical IF TX side RX side 70/844 MHz 70/844 MHz 35 % (64QAM) 25 % (128QAM, 28/29/29.65 MHz) DSC/AUX Receiver Local oscillator stability BER at 10(-3) 10 ppm (4-8 GHz) 5 ppm (11-13 GHz) 64QAM MLCM 4GHz -76.5 5GHz -76.5 U6,11GHz -76.5 128QAM MLCM U4 -74 L6,L7,U7 -74 8GHz -73.5 13GHz -71.5 MLCM (Multi-Level Coded Modulation) 10 % for 64QAM 8.9 % for 128QAM (1) Frequency domain Slope equalizer(SLP) (2) Time domain 11-tap full digital TVE with 10-tap DFE EQL in BB Type 11-tap full digital TVE EQL for co-channel operation Power consumption Service channel EOW Rack dimensions SW Initiation Errorless switching with early warning detection (1) Frame loss (2) BER 10(-3) to 10(-7) presettable BER is detected before FEC (3) Signal loss Available One OCC for N+1 system Two OCC for 2x(N+1) system 2,200 mm (H) 600 mm (W) 300 mm (D) 1+1N.E. 500 mm sub rack 300 mm 1 CH(E1) for omnibus 1 CH(E2) for express External telephone set - Max. 2 CH per system VF and/or 64 kb/s available For 64 kb/s, co-directional or contradirectional (async) - 1 CH 64 kb/s/STM-1 Co-directional/ contra-directional using F1 byte Service channel are doubled in 2x(N+1) configuration Max. 2 CH/STM-1 1CH on SOH 1CH on RFCOH < 300 W for alternated 1+1 with SD, elec interface normal power < 560 W for alternated 3+1 with SD, elec interface normal power Radio Protection Switch Capacity (1) Max. 7+1 alternated (2) Max. 2 x (7+1) co-channel for two (2) racks (3) max 2x (3+1) co-channel in one rack Two protection CHs are activated For V-pol and H-pol systems Independently

Modulation

Capacity

Transmitter

Output power (measured at Tx output)

OCC

Local oscillator stability

Roll-off factor

Threshold Measured at Receiver input (dBm)

FEC

Coding method

Wayside (WS)

Total bit addition

Adaptive EQL

XPIC Only for CC

* +32 dBm high-power version available as option

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Acronyms and Abbreviations

AGC AMP ATPC Automatic Gain Control Amplifier Automatic Transmitter Power Control BBC Base Band Control BER Bit Error Ratio BSW Bipolar Switch DADE Differential Absolute Delay Equalizer DCC Digital Communication Channel DEM Demodulator DFE Decisional Feedback Equalizer DSC Digital Service Channel ECU Embedded Channel Unit/ Embedded Communication Unit EM Element Manager EOW Engineering Order Wire ETSI European Telecommunication Standard Institute FEC Forward Error Correction HK Housekeeping IF Intermediate Frequency INTF Interface ITU International Telecommunication Union LCT Local Craft Terminal MCF Message Communication Function MLCM Multi Level Code Modulation MOD Modulator MSP Multiplex Section Protection OCC OPT PDH PM QAM Occasional Optical Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy Performance Monitor Quadrature Amplitude Modulation RDP Receiver Digital Processing RF Radio Frequency RFCOH Radio Frame Complementary Over Head RPS Radio Protection Switching RSL Receive Signal Level SCS Supervision, Control and Switching unit SD Space Diversity SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SEMF Synchronous Equipment Management Function STM-1 Synchronous Transfer Module level 1 TDP Transmission Digital Processing TMN Telecommunication Management Network TSU Timing Source Unit TVE Transversal Equalizer USW Unipolar Switch VF Voice Frequency WS Wayside Signal XPIC Cross Polarization Interference Canceller
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G4.3 1762/1000 Siemens Mobile Communications Spa Printed in Italy This publication is issued to provide information only and is not to form part of any order or contract. The products and services described herein are subject to availability and to change without notice.