PRCTICA CALIFICADA N1 DEL CURSO DE CENTRALES HIDROELCTRICAS

NOMBRES Y APELLIDOS :
CDIGO
:

ALCALDE LUDEA, HECTOR ANTONIO

06130061

DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE UNA CENTRAL HIDROELECTRICA/CALCULAR EL CAUDAL DE DISEO (EN ROJO)

Subestacin
Tipo de Cambio
Caudal
Altura
Eficiencia
Costo de Inversin 1 Ao
Costo de Inversin 2 Ao
Costo O&M
Canon de Agua
COES
Osinergmin
Impuesto a la Renta

Iteraremos el Caudal

ZAPALLAL
2.9
1.452
200
0.92
$5,000,000.00
$2,000,000.00
3%
1.0%
1.0%
1.0%
30%

m^3/s
m

3697.5
Caida Bruta
del grupo (incluido pdc)

de la Inversin
de la Inversin
de la Inversin
de la Inversin
del total de Ingresos

Caudal Medio Mensual (m^3/s)

ENE
4.00

FEB
3.00

Caudal Mnimo
Caudal Mximo

MAR
2.00

ABR
1.60

1.00
4.00

MAY
1.20

JUN
1.00

JUL
1.00

AGO
1.00

m^3/s
m^3/s

PRECIOS OSINERGMIN
SUBESTACIN BASE
UNMSM
TIPO DE
CAMBIO

2.9

VIDA UTIL DE LA CCHH

TASA DE INTERS

POTENCIA
PPM
S/. / KW-mes
15
US$ /KW-mes
5.17

30 aos
12%

ENERGIA PUNTA
PEMP
ctm S/. /KWh
12
US$ / MWh
41.38

ENERGIA FUERA PUNTA

PEMF
ctm S/. /KWh
8
US$ / MWh
27.59

SEP
1.60

OCT
2.00

NOV
3.00

DIC
4.00

CLCULO DE LA POTENCIA INSTALADA

Eficiencia

Gravedad

Caudal

Altura

9.81

1.452

200

m/s^2

m^3/s

0.92

persistencia (%)

Enero
95

Febrero
0.8

Marzo
0.7

Abril
0.6

Junio

Julio

Agosto
Con los datos en azul (Su
promedio) se calculara la
potencia firme

Septiembre

Octubre

Noviembre

Mayo
0.4

POTENCIA
INSTALADA

2620.92

KW

POTENCIA
FIRME

114.32

KW

Junio
0.2

Julio
0.15

Agosto
0.1

2.62091808 MW

1.452

0.270756 MW

0.15

2.62091808 MW

1.452

0.180504 MW

0.1

2.62091808 MW

1.452

0.090252 MW

0.05

2.62091808 MW

1.452

0.0541512 MW

0.03

2.62091808 MW

1.452

0.0541512 MW

0.03

2.62091808 MW

1.452

0.0361008 MW

0.02

0.05

Septiembre Octubre
Noviembre Diciembre
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.2

CALCULO DE LA ENERGIA TOTAL

RIO
MES

ENE
FEB
MAR
ABR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AGO
SEP
OCT
NOV
DIC

CAUDAL
MEDIO
MENSUAL
(m^3/s)
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.60
1.20
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.60
2.00
3.00
4.00

CAUDAL
TURBINADO
1.452
1.452
1.452
1.452
1.2
1
1
1
1.452
1.452
1.452
1.452

POTENCIA
(MW)

DIAS
30/31

ENERGIA
(MWH)

2.62
2.62
2.62
2.62
2.17
1.81
1.81
1.81
2.62
2.62
2.62
2.62

31
28
31
30
31
30
31
31
30
31
30
31

1949.96
1761.26
1949.96
1887.06
1611.54
1299.63
1342.95
1342.95
1887.06
1949.96
1887.06
1949.96

Energa Total
Energa Punta
Energa Fuera Punta

20819.36 MWH
4337.367 MWH
16481.99 MWH

INGRESOS DEL PROYECTO

Costo Tarifa por Potencia
Costo Energa de Punta
Costo Energia Fuera Punta

AO

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

POTENCIA
FIRME
MW
--------------------0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192
0.1143192

Se consideran 32 aos, ya que los dos primeros

5.17 $/KW - mes

41.38 $ MWh
27.59 $ MWh

ENERGIA DE
PUNTA
MWh
--------------------4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34

ENERGIA
FUERA DE
PUNTA
MWh
--------------------16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48
16.48

INGRESO
INGRESO
ADICIONAL
ENERGIA DE
POTENCIA
PUNTA
FIRME
(US$)
(US$)
----------------------------------------7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477
7,096
179,477

INGRESO
ENERGIA
FUERA DE
PUNTA
(US$)
--------------------454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676
454,676

TOTAL
INGRESOS
(US$)
--------------------641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249

an 32 aos, ya que los dos primeros aos son

EGRESOS DEL PROYECTO

Inversin
1 Ao
2 Ao

AO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

$7,000,000
$5,000,000
$2,000,000

INVERSION
5,000,000
2,000,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

COSTO FIJO CANON DE AGUA

--------------------210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000
210,000

--------------------6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486

PAGO AL COES
--------------------6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486

OSINERG
--------------------6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486
6,412.486

TOTAL DE
EGRESOS
$5,000,000
$2,000,000
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237
$229,237

UTILIDAD NETA

AO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

INGRESOS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

--------------------641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249

EGRESOS
--------------------229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237
229,237

DEPRECIACI UTILIDAD
IMPUESTO A
UTILIDAD NETA
N
OPERATIVA
LA RENTA
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074
233,333
178,678
53,603
$125,074

FLUJO ECONMICO
N

AO

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

TOTAL DE
INGRESOS
0
0
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249
641,249

TOTAL DE
EGRESOS
5,000,000
2,000,000
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841
282,841

FLUJO
ECONMICO
-$5,000,000
-$2,000,000
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408
$358,408

TIR

2.87%

INDICADORES ECONMICOS
TASA
8%
9%
10%
11%
12%
13%
14%
15%
16%
17%
18%
19%
20%
21%

VAN B (US$)
$6,189,161.37
$5,544,959.42
$4,995,864.23
$4,524,699.56
$4,117,805.69
$3,764,255.06
$3,455,254.36
$3,183,686.40
$2,943,757.36
$2,730,723.89
$2,540,680.91
$2,370,395.71
$2,217,177.78
$2,078,776.06
TASA DE INTERS
TIR

TASA
12%

VAN B (US$)
4,117,806

En las hojas m
de diseo
o no; veremos
VAN C (US$)
$9,074,211.64
$8,716,276.86
$8,401,914.08
$8,123,495.87
$7,874,947.93
$7,651,403.10
$7,448,937.46
$7,264,368.20
$7,095,097.93
$6,938,994.25
$6,794,296.05
$6,659,540.26
$6,533,504.42
$6,415,161.19

VAN E (US$)
S/. -2,885,050.27
S/. -3,171,317.44
S/. -3,406,049.85
S/. -3,598,796.30
S/. -3,757,142.25
S/. -3,887,148.05
S/. -3,993,683.10
S/. -4,080,681.80
S/. -4,151,340.57
S/. -4,208,270.36
S/. -4,253,615.14
S/. -4,289,144.56
S/. -4,316,326.64
S/. -4,336,385.13

B/C
0.68
0.64
0.59
0.56
0.52
0.49
0.46
0.44
0.41
0.39
0.37
0.36
0.34
0.32

12%
2.87%
VAN C (US$)
S/. 7,874,947.93

VAN E (US$)
S/. -3,757,142.25

B/C
0.522899

Si la relacion B
diseo MINIM

En las hojas mostradas, se ve la relacion que existe entre el caudal

de diseo y los demas parametros, para ver si la central es rentable
o no; veremos la relacion con los indicadores economicos.
Si la relacion B/C se acerca a la unidad, ese caudal sera el caudal de
diseo MINIMO

El caudal minimo de diseo sera cuando la relacion

Con un error de 10^-3; podemos asegurar que el caudal

CONCLUSIN
Como:

VAN E

B/C
TIR

=
<
<

1
0
0

1
Tasa de Inters

Entonces:
El Proyecto de la Central Hidroelctrica
La respuesta sera

NO ES

FACTIBLE, VIABLE O RENTABLE

1.452 m^3/s

Caudal Minimo de Diseo

Minimo de Diseo