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Technical Specification
3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); LTE Physical Layer - General Description (Release 8)
The present document has been developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP TM) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP. The present document has not been subject to any approval process by the 3GPP Organisational Partners and shall not be implemented. This Specification is provided for future development work within 3GPP only. The Organisational Partners accept no liability for any use of this Specification. Specifications and reports for implementation of the 3GPP TM system should be obtained via the 3GPP Organisational Partners' Publications Offices.
Release 8T
Keywords
UMTS, radio, layer 1
Internet
http://www.3gpp.org
Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
2007, 3GPP Organizational Partners (ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TTA, TTC). All rights reserved.
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Contents
Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................4 1 2 3
3.1 3.2 3.3
4
4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5
5
5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6
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Foreword
This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: Version x.y.z where: x the first digit: 1 presented to TSG for information; 2 presented to TSG for approval; 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.
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Scope
The present document describes a general description of the physical layer of the E-UTRA radio interface. The present document also describes the document structure of the 3GPP physical layer specifications, i.e. TS 36.200 series. The TS 36.200 series specifies the Uu point for the 3G LTE mobile system, and defines the minimum level of specifications required for basic connections in terms of mutual connectivity and compatibility.
TS 36.2003G LTEUu
References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Release as the present document. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". 3GPP TS 36.211: "Physical channels and modulation". 3GPP TS 36.212: "Multiplexing and channel coding". 3GPP TS 36.213: "Physical layer procedures". 3GPP TS 36.214: "Physical layer Measurements".
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document.
3
3.1
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. Definition format <defined term>: <definition>. example: text used to clarify abstract rules by applying them literally.
3.2
Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: Symbol format <symbol> <Explanation>
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3.3
Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. Abbreviation format BPSK CQI CP CRC eNode-B E-UTRA FDD HARQ LTE MAC MBMS MBSFN MIMO OFDM PBCH PCFICH PDSCH PDCCH PHICH PMCH PRACH PUCCH PUSCH QAM QPP QPSK RRC RSSI RSRP RSRQ SAP SC-FDMA TDD TX Diversity UE <ACRONYM> Binary Phase Shift Keying Channel Quality Indicator Cyclic Prefix Cyclic Redundancy Check Evolved Node B Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Frequency Division Duplex Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Long Term Evolution Medium Access Control Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service Multicast/Broadcast over Single Frequency Network / Multiple Input Multiple Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Physical Broadcast Channel Physical Control Format Indicator Channel Physical Downlink Shared Channel Physical Downlink Control Channel Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel HARQ Physical Multicast Channel Physical Random Access Channel Physical Uplink Control Channel Physical Uplink Shared Channel Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Quadratic Permutation Polynomial Quadrature Phase Shift KeyingRLC Radio Link Control Radio Resource Control Received Signal Strength Indicator Reference Signal Received Power Reference Signal Received Quality Service Access Point Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access Time Division Duplex Transmit Diversity User Equipment <Explanation>
4
4.1
4.1.1
The radio interface described in this specification covers the interface between the User Equipment (UE) and the network. The radio interface is composed of the Layer 1, 2 and 3. The TS 36.200 series describes the Layer 1 (Physical Layer) specifications. Layers 2 and 3 are described in the 36.300 series. UE
TS 36.200Layer1PHY TS 36.300Layer2Layer3MACRRC
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PHYPHYLayer2 MACLayer3RRC
MACRLC
Layer 2
Layer 1
PHYMAC Figure 1: Radio interface protocol architecture around the physical layer
Figure 1 shows the E-UTRA radio interface protocol architecture around the physical layer (Layer 1). The physical layer interfaces the Medium Access Control (MAC) sub-layer of Layer 2 and the Radio Resource Control (RRC) Layer of Layer 3. The circles between different layer/sub-layers indicate Service Access Points (SAPs). The physical layer offers a transport channel to MAC. The transport channel is characterized by how the information is transferred over the radio interface. MAC offers different logical channels to the Radio Link Control (RLC) sub-layer of Layer 2. A logical channel is characterized by the type of information transferred.
4.1.2
The physical layer offers data transport services to higher layers. The access to these services is through the use of a transport channel via the MAC sub-layer. The physical layer is expected to perform the following functions in order to provide the data transport service:
Error detection on the transport channel and indication to higher layers FEC encoding/decoding of the transport channel FEC/ Hybrid ARQ soft-combining HARQ Rate matching of the coded transport channel to physical channels Mapping of the coded transport channel onto physical channels Power weighting of physical channels Modulation and demodulation of physical channels Frequency and time synchronisation Radio characteristics measurements and indication to higher layers Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna processing MIMO Transmit Diversity (TX diversity) Beamforming RF processing. (Note: RF processing aspects are specified in the TS 36.100 series)
4.2
4.2.1
The multiple access scheme for the LTE physical layer is based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) in the downlink, and on Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SCFDMA) with a cyclic prefix in the uplink. To support transmission in paired and unpaired spectrum, two duplex modes
OFDM SC-FDMA
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FDDTDD are supported: Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), supporting full duplex and half duplex operation, and Time Division Duplex (TDD). 0.5ms1215KHz247.5KHz The Layer 1 is defined in a bandwidth agnostic way based on resource blocks, allowing the LTE Layer 1 to adapt to various spectrum allocations. A resource block spans either 12 sub-carriers with a sub-carrier bandwidth of 15kHz or 24 sub-carriers with a sub-carrier bandwidth of 7.5kHz each over a slot duration of 0.5ms. 1FDD10ms200.5ms1ms The radio frame structure type 1 is used for FDD (for both full duplex and half duplex operation) and has a duration of 10ms and consists of 20 slots with a slot duration of 0.5ms. Two adjacent slots form one sub-frame of length 1ms. The radio frame structure type 2 is used for TDD and consists of two half-frames with a duration of 5ms each and containing each 8 slots of length 0.5ms and three special fields (DwPTS, GP and UpPTS) which have configurable individual lengths and a total length of 1ms. A sub-frame consists of two adjacent slots, except for sub-frames 1 and 6, which consist of DwPTS, GP and UpPTS. Both 5ms and 10ms switch-point periodicity are supported. Further details on the LTE frame structure are specified in [2]. 2TDD5ms80.5ms1ms DwPTSGPUpPTS16 To support a Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS), LTE offers the possibility to transmit Multicast/Broadcast over a Single Frequency Network (MBSFN), where a time-synchronized common waveform is transmitted from multiple cells for a given duration. MBSFN transmission enables highly efficient MBMS, allowing for over-the-air combining of multi-cell transmissions in the UE, where the cyclic prefix is utilized to cover the difference in the propagation delays, which makes the MBSFN transmission appear to the UE as a transmission from a single large cell. Transmission on a dedicated carrier for MBSFN with the possibility to use a longer CP with a sub-carrier bandwidth of 7.5kHz is supported as well as transmission of MBSFN on a carrier with both MBMS transmissions and point-to-point transmissions using time division multiplexing.
Transmission with multiple input and multiple output antennas (MIMO) are supported with configurations in the downlink with two or four transmit antennas and two or four receive antennas, which allow for multi-layer transmissions with up to four streams. Multi-user MIMO i.e. allocation of different streams to different users is supported in both UL and DL. MIMO24244
4.2.2
PDSCH PMCH and the Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH). PDCCH PBCH The physical channels defined in the uplink are: PCFICH PHICH HARQ the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH),
the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), and the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH).
In addition, signals are defined as reference signals, primary and secondary synchronization signals. The modulation schemes supported in the downlink and uplink are QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM.
4.2.3
Turbo1/3 The channel coding scheme for transport blocks in LTE is Turbo Coding with a coding rate of R=1/3, two 8-state constituent encoders and a contention-free quadratic permutation polynomial (QPP) turbo code internal interleaver. Trellis termination is used for the turbo coding. Before the turbo coding, transport blocks are segmented into byte aligned segments with a maximum information block size of 6144 bits. Error detection is supported by the use of 24 bit CRC. Further channel coding schemes for BCH and control information are specified in [3].
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4.2.4
There are several Physical layer procedures involved with LTE operation. Such procedures covered by the physical layer are; Cell search - Power control - Uplink synchronisation and Uplink timing control - Random access related procedures - HARQ related procedures HARQ Through the control of physical layer resources in the frequency domain as well as in the time and power domain, implicit support of interference coordination is provided in LTE.
4.2.5
Radio characteristics are measured by the UE and the eNode-B and reported to higher layers in the network. These include, e.g. measurements for intra- and inter-frequency handover, inter RAT handover, timing measurements and measurements for RRM. UEeNode-B Measurements for inter-RAT handover are defined in support of handover to GSM, UTRA FDD and UTRA TDD.
5
5.1
The physical layer specification consists of a general document (TS 36.201), and four documents (TS 36.211 through 36.214). The relation between the physical layer specifications in the context of the higher layers is shown in Figure 2.
36.212
Multiplexing and channel coding
36.211
Physical Channels and Modulation
36.213
Physical layer procedures
36.214
Physical layer Measurements
5.2
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The contents of the Layer 1 documents (TS 36.200 series); Where to find information; A general description of LTE Layer 1.
5.3
The scope of this specification is to establish the characteristics of the Layer-1 physical channels, generation of physical layer signals and modulation, and to specify: Definition of the uplink and downlink physical channels; The structure of the physical channels, frame format, physical resource elements, etc.; Modulation mapping (BPSK, QPSK, etc); Physical shared channel in uplink and downlink; Reference signal in uplink and downlink; Random access channel; Primary and secondary synchronization signals; OFDM signal generation in downlink; SC-FDMA signal generation in uplink; Scrambling, modulation and up conversion; Uplink-downlink timing relation Layer mapping and precoding in downlink.
5.4
The scope of this specification is to describe the transport channel and control channel data processing, including multiplexing, channel coding and interleaving, and to specify: Channel coding schemes; Coding of Layer 1 / Layer 2 control information; Interleaving; Rate matching;
5.5
-
The scope of this specification is to establish the characteristics of the physical layer procedures, and to specify:
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5.6
-
The scope of this specification is to establish the characteristics of the physical layer measurements, and to specify:
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item multiply product matrix product scalar product (product of a matrix by a scalar) matrix dimensioning Kronecker product bracketing of sets (all elements of same type, not ordered elements) bracketing of lists (all elements not necessary of same type, ordered elements) bracketing of sequences (all elements of same type, ordered elements) bracketing of function argument bracketing of array index bracketing of matrix or vector Separation of indexes use of italic for symbols bracketing of arithmetic expression to force precedence of operations necessity of bracketing arithmetic expressions number type
notation cross sign, e.g. ab dot sign, e.g. ab dot sign, scalar should precede matrix e.g.
(1 + j )
u v
number of rows number of column, e.g.: RC ab curly brackets {}, e.g. {a1, a2, ,ap}, or
round brackets (), e.g. (A, u, x) angle brackets, e.g. <a1, a2, ,ap> or
i{1, 2 ,, p }
round brackets, e.g. f(x) square brackets, e.g. a[x] square brackets [], e.g.
x y , [x
1 1 y ] , or 1 1
use a comma : e.g. Ni,j a symbol should be either in italic or in normal font, but mixing up should be avoided. round brackets : e.g.
(a + b) c
matrix or vector transpose 11 matrices vector dot product complex conjugate matrix or vector Hermitian transpose real part and imaginary part of complex numbers.
When only + and bracketing is not necessary. When the mod operator is used explicit bracketing of mod operands and possibly result should be done. in a context of non negative integer numbers, some notes should stress when a number is signed, or possibly fractional. respectively use + or . If no "mod 2" is explicitly in the expression some text should stress that the operation is modulo 2. vT implicitly cast to its unique element. uTv for column vectors, and uvT for line vectors v* vH Re(x) and Im(x)
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3GPP
3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical Channels and Modulation (Release 8)
The present document has been developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP TM) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP. The present document has not been subject to any approval process by the 3GPP Organizational Partners and shall not be implemented. This Specification is provided for future development work within 3GPP only. The Organizational Partners accept no liability for any use of this Specification. Specifications and reports for implementation of the 3GPP TM system should be obtained via the 3GPP Organizational Partners' Publications Offices.
Release 8
Keywords
UMTS, radio, layer 1
Internet
http://www.3gpp.org
Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
2008, 3GPP Organizational Partners (ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TTA, TTC). All rights reserved.
3GPP
Release 8
Contents
Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................6 1 2 3
3.1 3.2
4
4.1 4.2
Frame structure.........................................................................................................................................9
Frame structure type 1 ....................................................................................................................................... 9 Frame structure type 2 ....................................................................................................................................... 9
5
5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.3 5.5 5.5.1 5.5.1.1
Uplink.....................................................................................................................................................11
Overview.......................................................................................................................................................... 11 Physical channels ....................................................................................................................................... 11 Physical signals .......................................................................................................................................... 11 Slot structure and physical resources ............................................................................................................... 11 Resource grid ............................................................................................................................................. 11 Resource elements...................................................................................................................................... 12 Resource blocks ......................................................................................................................................... 12 Physical uplink shared channel........................................................................................................................ 13 Scrambling ................................................................................................................................................. 13 Modulation ................................................................................................................................................. 13 Transform precoding.................................................................................................................................. 14 Mapping to physical resources ................................................................................................................... 14 Physical uplink control channel ....................................................................................................................... 15 PUCCH formats 1, 1a and 1b..................................................................................................................... 15 PUCCH formats 2, 2a and 2b..................................................................................................................... 17 Mapping to physical resources ................................................................................................................... 18 Reference signals ............................................................................................................................................. 19 Generation of the reference signal sequence .............................................................................................. 19 RB Base sequences of length 3N sc or larger............................................................................................ 19
RB 5.5.1.2 Base sequences of length less than 3N sc ........................................................................................... 20 5.5.1.3 Group hopping...................................................................................................................................... 21 5.5.1.4 Sequence hopping................................................................................................................................. 22 5.5.2 Demodulation reference signal................................................................................................................... 22 5.5.2.1 Demodulation reference signal for PUSCH.......................................................................................... 22 5.5.2.1.1 Reference signal sequence .............................................................................................................. 22 5.5.2.1.2 Mapping to physical resources........................................................................................................ 23 5.5.2.2 Demodulation reference signal for PUCCH ......................................................................................... 23 5.5.2.2.1 Reference signal sequence .............................................................................................................. 23 5.5.2.2.2 Mapping to physical resources........................................................................................................ 24 5.5.3 Sounding reference signal .......................................................................................................................... 24 5.5.3.1 Sequence generation ............................................................................................................................. 24 5.5.3.2 Mapping to physical resources ............................................................................................................. 25 5.6 SC-FDMA baseband signal generation............................................................................................................ 25 5.7 Physical random access channel ...................................................................................................................... 25 5.7.1 Time and frequency structure..................................................................................................................... 25 5.7.2 Preamble sequence generation ................................................................................................................... 26 5.7.3 Baseband signal generation........................................................................................................................ 30 5.8 Modulation and upconversion.......................................................................................................................... 30
6
6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2
Downlink................................................................................................................................................31
Overview.......................................................................................................................................................... 31 Physical channels ....................................................................................................................................... 31 Physical signals .......................................................................................................................................... 31
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6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.2.4 6.2.5 6.2.6 6.3 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.3 6.3.3.1 6.3.3.2 6.3.3.3 6.3.4 6.3.4.1 6.3.4.2 6.3.4.2.1 6.3.4.2.2 6.3.4.2.3 6.3.4.3 6.3.5 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.6.1 6.6.2 6.6.3 6.6.4 6.7 6.7.1 6.7.2 6.7.3 6.7.4 6.8 6.8.1 6.8.2 6.8.3 6.8.4 6.8.5 6.9 6.9.1 6.9.2 6.9.3 6.10 6.10.1 6.10.1.1 6.10.1.2 6.10.2 6.10.2.1 6.10.2.2 6.10.3 6.10.3.1 6.10.3.2 6.11 6.11.1 6.11.1.1 6.11.1.2 6.11.2 6.11.2.1 6.11.2.2 6.12
Slot structure and physical resource elements ................................................................................................. 32 Resource grid ............................................................................................................................................. 32 Resource elements...................................................................................................................................... 32 Resource blocks ......................................................................................................................................... 33 Resource-element groups ........................................................................................................................... 34 Guard period for half-duplex FDD operation............................................................................................. 35 Guard Period for TDD Operation............................................................................................................... 35 General structure for downlink physical channels ........................................................................................... 35 Scrambling ................................................................................................................................................. 35 Modulation ................................................................................................................................................. 36 Layer mapping ........................................................................................................................................... 36 Layer mapping for transmission on a single antenna port .................................................................... 36 Layer mapping for spatial multiplexing ............................................................................................... 36 Layer mapping for transmit diversity ................................................................................................... 37 Precoding ................................................................................................................................................... 37 Precoding for transmission on a single antenna port ............................................................................ 37 Precoding for spatial multiplexing........................................................................................................ 37 Precoding for zero and small-delay CDD ....................................................................................... 37 Precoding for large delay CDD....................................................................................................... 38 Codebook for precoding ................................................................................................................. 39 Precoding for transmit diversity ........................................................................................................... 40 Mapping to resource elements.................................................................................................................... 41 Physical downlink shared channel ................................................................................................................... 41 Physical multicast channel............................................................................................................................... 41 Physical broadcast channel .............................................................................................................................. 42 Scrambling ................................................................................................................................................. 42 Modulation ................................................................................................................................................. 42 Layer mapping and precoding.................................................................................................................... 42 Mapping to resource elements.................................................................................................................... 42 Physical control format indicator channel ....................................................................................................... 43 Scrambling ................................................................................................................................................. 43 Modulation ................................................................................................................................................. 43 Layer mapping and precoding.................................................................................................................... 43 Mapping to resource elements.................................................................................................................... 43 Physical downlink control channel .................................................................................................................. 44 PDCCH formats ......................................................................................................................................... 44 PDCCH multiplexing and scrambling........................................................................................................ 44 Modulation ................................................................................................................................................. 45 Layer mapping and precoding.................................................................................................................... 45 Mapping to resource elements.................................................................................................................... 45 Physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel........................................................................................................... 46 Modulation ................................................................................................................................................. 46 Layer mapping and precoding.................................................................................................................... 47 Mapping to resource elements.................................................................................................................... 49 Reference signals ............................................................................................................................................. 50 Cell-specific reference signals ................................................................................................................... 50 Sequence generation ............................................................................................................................. 51 Mapping to resource elements .............................................................................................................. 51 MBSFN reference signals .......................................................................................................................... 53 Sequence generation ............................................................................................................................. 53 Mapping to resource elements .............................................................................................................. 53 UE-specific reference signals..................................................................................................................... 55 Sequence generation ............................................................................................................................. 55 Mapping to resource elements .............................................................................................................. 56 Synchronization signals ................................................................................................................................... 57 Primary synchronization signal .................................................................................................................. 57 Sequence generation ............................................................................................................................. 57 Mapping to resource elements .............................................................................................................. 57 Secondary synchronization signal .............................................................................................................. 58 Sequence generation ............................................................................................................................. 58 Mapping to resource elements .............................................................................................................. 59 OFDM baseband signal generation.................................................................................................................. 60
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7
7.1 7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.4 7.2
8
8.1
Timing ....................................................................................................................................................64
Uplink-downlink frame timing ........................................................................................................................ 64
Annex A (informative):
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Foreword
This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: Version x.y.z where: x the first digit: 1 presented to TSG for information; 2 presented to TSG for approval; 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.
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Scope
The present document describes the physical channels for evolved UTRA.
References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Release as the present document.
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document.
3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". 3GPP TS 36.201: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical Layer General Description". 3GPP TS 36.212: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Multiplexing and channel coding". 3GPP TS 36.213: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures". 3GPP TS 36.214: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer Measurements". 3GPP TS 36.104: Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception.
3
3.1
(k , l )
( p) ak ,l
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
Value of resource element (k , l ) [for antenna port p ] Matrix for supporting cyclic delay diversity Carrier frequency
bit
D f0
PUSCH M sc
PUSCH M RB (q) M bit (q) M symb
Scheduled bandwidth for uplink transmission, expressed as a number of subcarriers Scheduled bandwidth for uplink transmission, expressed as a number of resource blocks Number of coded bits to transmit on a physical channel [for code word q ]
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layer M symb
ap M symb
Number of modulation symbols to transmit per antenna port for a physical channel
N N CP,l
(1) N cs (2) N RB PUCCH N RB cell N ID MBSFN N ID DL N RB min, DL N RB max, DL N RB UL N RB min, UL N RB max, UL N RB DL N symb UL N symb RB N sc PUCCH N RS
FFT15kHzN=20487.5kHzN=4096 OFDMl
A constant equal to 2048 for f = 15 kHz and 4096 for f = 7.5 kHz Downlink cyclic prefix length for OFDM symbol l in a slot
Number of cyclic shifts used for PUCCH formats 1/1a/1b in a resource block with a mix of formats 1/1a/1b and 2/2a/2b RB Bandwidth reserved for PUCCH formats 2/2a/2b, expressed in multiples of N sc Number of resource blocks in a slot used for PUCCH transmission (set by higher layers) Physical layer cell identity MBSFN area identity
RB Downlink bandwidth configuration, expressed in multiples of N sc RB Smallest downlink bandwidth configuration, expressed in multiples of N sc RB Largest downlink bandwidth configuration, expressed in multiples of N sc RB Uplink bandwidth configuration, expressed in multiples of N sc RB Smallest uplink bandwidth configuration, expressed in multiples of N sc RB Largest uplink bandwidth configuration, expressed in multiples of N sc
Number of OFDM symbols in a downlink slot Number of SC-FDMA symbols in an uplink slot Resource block size in the frequency domain, expressed as a number of subcarriers Number of reference symbols per slot for PUCCH Timing offset between uplink and downlink radio frames at the UE, expressed in units of Ts Resource index for PUCCH formats 1/1a/1b Resource index for PUCCH formats 2/2a/2b Number of PDCCHs present in a subframe Physical resource block number Virtual resource block number Radio network temporary identifier System frame number Slot number within a radio frame Number of cell-specific antenna ports Antenna port number Code word number Time-continuous baseband signal for antenna port p and OFDM symbol l in a slot Radio frame duration Basic time unit Slot duration Precoding matrix for downlink spatial multiplexing Amplitude scaling for PRACH Amplitude scaling for PUCCH Amplitude scaling for PUSCH Amplitude scaling for sounding reference symbols Subcarrier spacing Subcarrier spacing for the random access preamble Number of transmission layers
N TA
(1) nPUCCH ( 2) nPUCCH
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CCE CDD PBCH PCFICH PDCCH PDSCH PHICH PMCH PRACH PUCCH PUSCH
Abbreviations
Control Channel Element Cyclic Delay Diversity Physical broadcast channel Physical control format indicator channel Physical downlink control channel Physical downlink shared channel Physical hybrid-ARQ indicator channel Physical multicast channel Physical random access channel Physical uplink control channel Physical uplink shared channel
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
Frame structure
Throughout this specification, unless otherwise noted, the size of various fields in the time domain is expressed as a number of time units Ts = 1 (15000 2048) seconds. Downlink and uplink transmissions are organized into radio frames with Tf = 307200 Ts = 10 ms duration. Two radio frame structures are supported: Type 1, applicable to FDD, Type 2, applicable to TDD.
4.1
Frame structure type 1 is applicable to both full duplex and half duplex FDD. Each radio frame is Tf = 307200 Ts = 10 ms long and consists of 20 slots of length Tslot = 15360 Ts = 0.5 ms , numbered from 0 to 19. A subframe is defined as two consecutive slots where subframe i consists of slots 2i and 2i + 1 . For FDD, 10 subframes are available for downlink transmission and 10 subframes are available for uplink transmissions in each 10 ms interval. Uplink and downlink transmissions are separated in the frequency domain. In half-duplex FDD operation, the UE cannot transmit and receive at the same time while there are no such restrictions in full-duplex FDD.
4.2
Frame structure type 2 is applicable to TDD. Each radio frame of length Tf = 307200 Ts = 10 ms consists of two halfframes of length Tf = 153600 Ts = 5 ms each. Each half-frame consists of eight slots of length Tslot = 15360 Ts = 0.5 ms and three special fields, DwPTS, GP, and UpPTS. The length of DwPTS and UpPTS is given by Table 4.2-1 subject to the total length of DwPTS, GP and UpPTS being equal to 30720 Ts = 1 ms . Subframe 1 in all
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configurations and subframe 6 in configurations 0, 1, 2 and 6 in Table 4.2-2 consists of DwPTS, GP and UpPTS. All other subframes are defined as two slots where subframe i consists of slots 2i and 2i + 1 . Subframes 0 and 5 and DwPTS are always reserved for downlink transmission. The supported uplink-downlink allocations are listed in Table 4.2-2 where, for each subframe in a radio frame, D denotes the subframe is reserved for downlink transmissions, U denotes the subframe is reserved for uplink transmissions and S denotes a special subframe with the three fields DwPTS, GP and UpPTS. Both 5 ms and 10 ms switch-point periodicity is supported. In case of 5 ms switch-point periodicity, UpPTS and subframes 2 and 7 are reserved for uplink transmission. In case of 10 ms switch-point periodicity, DwPTS exist in both half-frames while GP and UpPTS only exist in the first half-frame and DwPTS in the second half-frame has a length equal to 30720Ts = 1 ms . UpPTS and subframe 2 are reserved for uplink transmission and subframes 7 to 9 are reserved for downlink transmission.
21936 Ts 8768 Ts 6576 Ts 4384 Ts 2192 Ts 19744 Ts 6576 Ts 4384 Ts 2192 Ts 4384 Ts 2192 Ts
2560 Ts
5120 Ts
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5
5.1
5.1.1
Uplink
Overview
Physical channels
The smallest resource unit for uplink transmissions is denoted a resource element and is defined in section 5.2.2.
An uplink physical channel corresponds to a set of resource elements carrying information originating from higher layers and is the interface defined between 36.212 and 36.211. The following uplink physical channels are defined: Physical Uplink Shared Channel, PUSCH Physical Uplink Control Channel, PUCCH Physical Random Access Channel, PRACH
5.1.2
Physical signals
An uplink physical signal is used by the physical layer but does not carry information originating from higher layers. The following uplink physical signals are defined: Reference signal
5.2
5.2.1
UL RB UL The transmitted signal in each slot is described by a resource grid of N RB N sc subcarriers and N symb SC-FDMA UL symbols. The resource grid is illustrated in Figure 5.2.1-1. The quantity N RB depends on the uplink transmission bandwidth configured in the cell and shall fulfil min, UL UL max, UL N RB N RB N RB min, UL max, UL = 6 and N RB = 110 is the smallest and largest uplink bandwidth, respectively, supported by the where N RB UL is given by [6]. current version of this specification. The set of allowed values for N RB
The number of SC-FDMA symbols in a slot depends on the cyclic prefix length configured by higher layers and is given in Table 5.2.3-1.
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Tslot
UL N symb
UL RB k = N RB N sc 1
UL RB N symb N sc
UL RB N RB N sc
(k , l )
RB N sc
k =0
l=0
l=
UL N symb
5.2.2
Resource elements
Each element in the resource grid is called a resource element and is uniquely defined by the index pair (k , l ) in a slot
UL RB UL N sc 1 and l = 0,..., N symb 1 are the indices in the frequency and time domain, respectively. where k = 0,..., N RB
Resource element (k , l ) corresponds to the complex value ak ,l . Quantities ak ,l corresponding to resource elements not used for transmission of a physical channel or a physical signal in a slot shall be set to zero.
5.2.3
Resource blocks
UL A physical resource block is defined as N symb consecutive SC-FDMA symbols in the time domain and
RB UL RB N sc consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain, where N symb and N sc are given by Table 5.2.3-1. A physical UL RB resource block in the uplink thus consists of N symb N sc resource elements, corresponding to one slot in the time
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12 12
7 6
The relation between the physical resource block number nPRB in the frequency domain and resource elements (k , l ) in a slot is given by
k nPRB = RB N sc
5.3
-
The baseband signal representing the physical uplink shared channel is defined in terms of the following steps:
5.3.1
Scrambling
The block of bits b(0),..., b( M bit 1) , where M bit is the number of bits transmitted on the physical uplink shared channel in one subframe, shall be scrambled with a UE-specific scrambling sequence prior to modulation, resulting in a ~ ~ block of scrambled bits b (0),..., b ( M bit 1) according to
~ b (i ) = (b(i ) + c(i ) ) mod 2
where the scrambling sequence c(i ) is given by Section 7.2. The scrambling sequence generator shall be initialised
cell at the start of each subframe. with cinit = nRNTI 214 + ns 2 2 9 + N ID
5.3.2
Modulation
~ ~ The block of scrambled bits b (0),..., b ( M bit 1) shall be modulated as described in Section 7.1, resulting in a block of complex-valued symbols d (0),..., d ( M symb 1) . Table 5.3.2-1 specifies the modulation mappings applicable for the
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5.3.3
Transform precoding
PUSCH The block of complex-valued symbols d (0),..., d ( M symb 1) is divided into M symb M sc sets, each corresponding
+ k) =
1
PUSCH M sc
PUSCH M sc 1
i =0
PUSCH d (l M sc
+ i )e
2ik PUSCH M sc
PUSCH k = 0,..., M sc 1 PUSCH l = 0,..., M symb M sc 1 PUSCH PUSCH UL = M RB N RB resulting in a block of complex-valued symbols z (0),..., z ( M symb 1) . The variable M sc , where PUSCH M RB represents the bandwidth of the PUSCH in terms of resource blocks, and shall fulfil PUSCH UL M RB = 2 2 3 3 5 5 N RB
5.3.4
The block of complex-valued symbols z (0),..., z ( M symb 1) shall be multiplied with the amplitude scaling factor The mapping to resource elements (k , l ) corresponding to the physical resource blocks assigned for transmission and not used for transmission of reference signals shall be in increasing order of first the index k , then the index l , starting with the first slot in the subframe. If uplink frequency-hopping is disabled or the hopping is included in the uplink scheduling grant, the set of physical resource blocks to be used for transmission are given by nPRB = nVRB where nVRB is obtained from the uplink scheduling grant as described in [4]. If uplink frequency-hopping with predefined hopping pattern is enabled, the set of physical resource blocks to be used for transmission in slot ns is given by the scheduling grant together with a predefined pattern according to
sb sb sb sb ~ (n ) = n ~ ~ n PRB s VRB + f hop (i ) N RB + N RB 1 2 nVRB mod N RB f m (i ) mod N RB N sb
PUSCH and mapped in sequence starting with z (0) to physical resource blocks assigned for transmission of PUSCH.
((
) (
))
10 nx + ns 2 inter subframe hopping i= intra subframe hopping 20 nx + ns ~ (n ) + N PUCCH 2 nPRB (ns ) = n PRB s RB ~ =n N PUCCH 2 n
VRB VRB RB
where nVRB is obtained from the scheduling grant as described in [4]. The number of resource blocks in a slot used for
PUCCH sb , is configured by higher layers. The size N RB of each sub-band is given by PUCCH transmission, N RB sb UL PUCCH N RB = N RB N RB N sb , where the number of sub-bands N sb is given by higher layers. The function
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where f cs (i ) { 1,2,..., N sb 1} .
5.4
The physical uplink control channel, PUCCH, carries uplink control information. The PUCCH is never transmitted simultaneously with the PUSCH from the same UE. For frame structure type 2, the PUCCH is not transmitted in the UpPTS field. The physical uplink control channel supports multiple formats as shown in Table 5.4-1. Formats 2a and 2b are supported for normal cyclic prefix only. Table 5.4-1: Supported PUCCH formats.
PUCCH format 1 1a 1b 2 2a 2b Modulation scheme N/A BPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK+BPSK QPSK+QPSK Number of bits per subframe, M bit N/A 1 2 20 21 22
cell All PUCCH formats use a cyclic shift of a sequence in each symbol, where ncs (ns , l ) is used to derive the cyclic shift cell (ns , l ) varies with the symbol number l and the slot number ns for the different PUCCH formats. The quantity ncs according to
cell ncs (ns , l ) =
3 i =0
UL c(4 N symb ns + 4l + i ) 2 i
where the pseudo-random sequence c(i ) is defined by section 7.2. The pseudo-random sequence generator shall be
cell at the beginning of each radio frame. initialized with cinit = f N ID (2) (1) and N cs , given by higher layers. The The physical resources used for PUCCH depends on two parameters, N RB (1) {0,1,...,8} and denotes the number of cyclic shift used for PUCCH formats transmission in each slot. The variable N cs 1/1a/1b in a resource block used for a mix of formats 1/1a/1b and 2/2a/2b. At most one resource block in each slot supports a mix of formats 1/1a/1b and 2/2a/2b. Resources used for transmission of PUCCH format 1/1a/1b and 2/2a/2b (1) (2) (2) RB RB (1) < N RB N sc + ( N sc N cs 2) , respectively. are represented by the non-negative indices nPUCCH and nPUCCH (2) 0 denotes the bandwidth in terms of resource blocks that are reserved for PUCCH formats 2/2a/2b variable N RB
5.4.1
For PUCCH format 1, information is carried by the presence/absence of transmission of PUCCH from the UE. In the remainder of this section, d (0) = 1 shall be assumed for PUCCH format 1. For PUCCH formats 1a and 1b, one or two explicit bits are transmitted, respectively. The block of bits b(0),..., b( M bit 1) shall be modulated as described in Section 7.1, resulting in a complex-valued symbol d (0) . The modulation schemes for the different PUCCH formats are given by Table 5.4-1.
PUCCH ) The complex-valued symbol d (0) shall be multiplied with a cyclically shifted length N seq = 12 sequence ru( ,v ( n)
according to
) y (n) = d (0) ru(, v ( n), PUCCH n = 0,1,..., N seq
) RS PUCCH where ru(, . The cyclic shift varies between symbols and slots as v ( n) is defined by section 5.5.1 with M sc = N seq
defined below.
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PUCCH The block of complex-valued symbols y (0),..., y ( N seq 1) shall be block-wise spread with the orthogonal sequence
wnoc (i ) according to
PUCCH PUCCH PUCCH z m'N SF N seq + m N seq + n = wnoc (m) y (n )
where
PUCCH 1 m = 0,..., N SF PUCCH 1 n = 0,..., N seq
m' = 0,1
PUCCH = 4 . The sequence wnoc (i ) is given by Table 5.4.1-1. with N SF (1) Resources used for transmission of PUCCH format 1, 1a and 1b are identified by a resource index nPUCCH from which the orthogonal sequence index noc (ns ) and the cyclic shift (ns ) are determined according to
n cell (n , l ) + n(n ) PUCCH + PUCCH + n (n ) mod PUCCH mod N mod N RB cs s s shift offset oc s shift sc ncs (ns )= cell PUCCH PUCCH RB n (n , l ) + n(ns ) shift + offset + noc (ns ) 2 mod N mod N sc cs s
[ [
( (
))
where
(1) (1) (1) if nPUCCH < c N cs PUCCH N shift N = cs RB N sc otherwise 3 normal cyclic prefix c= 2 extended cyclic prefix
The resource indices within the two resource blocks in the two slots of a subframe to which the PUCCH is mapped are given by
n n(ns ) = PUCCH (1) (1) PUCCH RB PUCCH nPUCCH c N cs shift mod c N sc shift
(1)
) (
)
otherwise
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Release 8
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[+ 1 [+ 1 [+ 1
+ 1 + 1 + 1] 1 + 1 1] 1 1 + 1]
5.4.2
The block of bits b(0),..., b( M bit 1) shall be scrambled with a UE-specific scrambling sequence, resulting in a block of ~ ~ scrambled bits b (0),..., b ( M bit 1) according to
~ b (i ) = (b(i ) + c(i ) ) mod 2
where the scrambling sequence c(i ) is given by Section 7.2. The scrambling sequence generator shall be initialised
cell at the start of each subframe. with cinit = nRNTI 214 + ns 2 2 9 + N ID
~ ~ The block of scrambled bits b (0),..., b (19) shall be QPSK modulated as described in Section 7.1, resulting in a block of complex-valued modulation symbols d (0),..., d (9) .
PUCCH = 12 sequence Each complex-valued symbol d (0),..., d (9) shall be multiplied with a cyclically shifted length N seq ) ru(, v ( n) according to PUCCH ) n + i ) = d (n) ru(, z ( N seq v (i )
n = 0,1,...,9
RB i = 0,1,..., N sc 1 ) RS PUCCH where ru(, . v (i ) is defined by section 5.5.1 with M sc = N seq (2) from which the Resources used for transmission of PUCCH formats 2/2a/2b are identified by a resource index nPUCCH cyclic shift is determined according to RB (ns ) = 2 ncs (ns ) N sc
where
(2) cell RB n (ns , l ) + nPUCCH mod N sc ncs (ns ) = cs (2) (2) cell RB ncs (ns , l ) + nPUCCH + N RB + 1 mod N sc
( (
] (
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for ns mod 2 = 1 . For PUCCH formats 2a and 2b, supported for normal cyclic prefix only, the bit(s) b(20),..., b( M bit 1) shall be modulated as described in Table 5.4.2-1 resulting in a single modulation symbol d (10) used in the generation of the reference-signal for PUCCH format 2a and 2b as described in Section 5.5.2.2.1.
Table 5.4.2-1: Modulation symbol d (10) for PUCCH formats 2a and 2b.
PUCCH format 2a
b(20),..., b( M bit 1)
0 1 00 01 10 11
2b
d (10) 1 1 1 j j 1
5.4.3
The block of complex-valued symbols z (i ) shall be multiplied with the amplitude scaling factor PUCCH and mapped in sequence starting with z (0) to resource elements. PUCCH uses one resource block in each of the two slots in a subframe. Within the physical resource block used for transmission, the mapping of z (i ) to resource elements (k , l ) not used for transmission of reference signals shall be in increasing order of first k , then l and finally the slot number, starting with the first slot in the subframe. The physical resource blocks to be used for transmission of PUCCH in slot ns is given by
m 2 = N UL 1 m 2 RB if (m + ns mod 2 ) mod 2 = 0 if (m + ns mod 2 ) mod 2 = 1
nPRB
where the variable m depends on the PUCCH format. For formats 1, 1a and 1b
(1) (1) N (2) if nPUCCH < c N cs PUCCH shift RB (1) (1) PUCCH m = n (2) PUCCH c N cs shift + N RB + 1 otherwise RB PUCCH c N sc shift
Mapping of modulation symbols for the physical uplink control channel is illustrated in Figure 5.4.3-1. In case of simultaneous transmission of sounding reference signal and PUCCH format 1a or 1b, one SC-FDMA symbol on PUCCH shall punctured.
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Release 8
UL nPRB = N RB 1
19
m =1 m=3
m=0 m=2
nPRB = 0
m=2 m=0
m=3 m =1
One subframe Figure 5.4.3-1: Mapping to physical resource blocks for PUCCH.
5.5
-
Reference signals
Demodulation reference signal, associated with transmission of PUSCH or PUCCH Sounding reference signal, not associated with transmission of PUSCH or PUCCH
The same set of base sequences is used for demodulation and sounding reference signals.
5.5.1
) Reference signal sequence ru( ,v ( n) is defined by a cyclic shift of a base sequence ru ,v ( n) according to ) RS jn ru(, ru ,v (n), 0 n < M sc v ( n) = e RS RB max, UL = mN sc is the length of the reference signal sequence and 1 m N RB . Multiple reference signal where M sc sequences are defined from a single base sequence through different values of .
Base sequences ru ,v (n) are divided into groups, where u {0,1,...,29} is the group number and v is the base sequence
RS RB = mN sc number within the group, such that each group contains one base sequence ( v = 0 ) of each length M sc , RS RB max, UL 1 m 5 and two base sequences ( v = 0,1 ) of each length M sc = mN sc , 6 m N RB . The sequence group number u and the number v within the group may vary in time as described in Sections 5.5.1.3 and 5.5.1.4, RS respectively.The definition of the base sequence ru ,v (0),..., ru ,v ( M sc 1) depends on the sequence length M sc . RS
5.5.1.1
qm ( m +1)
RS N ZC
RS , 0 m N ZC 1
with q given by
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q = q + 1 2 + v (1) 2 q
RS q = N ZC (u + 1) 31 RS RS RS of the Zadoff-Chu sequence is given by the largest prime number such that N ZC < M sc . The length N ZC
5.5.1.2
RS RB RS RB For M sc = N sc and M sc = 2 N sc , base sequence is given by RS ru ,v (n) = e j ( n ) 4 , 0 n M sc 1 RS RB RS RB = N sc and M sc = 2 N sc , where the value of ( n) is given by Table 5.5.1.2-1 and Table 5.5.1.2-2 for M sc respectively. RS RB Table 5.5.1.2-1: Definition of (n) for M sc = N sc .
u
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -3 1 1 -1 3 1 3 -3 3 1 -3 -3 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 -3 -1 3 1 1 1 1 3 -3 3 -1 -3 -3 3 1 -3 3 1 -1 3 1 3 3 -3 3 1 1 1 -3 3 -1 3 -3 3 3 -3 1 1 3 -3 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 1 -3 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 -3 -1 3 3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 3 -3 1 -1 -1 -3 -1 1 3 1 -1 1 3 -3 -3 -1 3 1 3 1 1 -3 -3 1 3 -3 -1 3 -1
(0),..., (11)
3 3 -3 1 1 -1 -3 1 -1 3 1 3 -3 -3 -1 -1 1 -3 -3 1 1 -3 -3 -1 3 1 3 -3 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 3 -3 -1 -1 -3 3 1 1 3 -1 3 3 1 -1 1 -3 -3 -3 3 3 -3 3 3 -3 1 1 -3 -3 -3 1 1 3 -1 -3 -3 -3 1 1 1 1 3 -3 -3 -1 3 -3 -1 1 -1 3 1 1 3 -1 1 3 1 -3 3 -3 -3 1 -3 3 -3 1 -3 1 -1 -3 1 -3 3 -1 -1 1 -1 1 3 -1 -1 3 -3 1 -1 3 3 -3 1 -1 1 -3 3 1 1 1 3 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 -3 -3 3 -1 1 3 1 3 3 1 -3 -3 -3 1 3 -1 -3 3 3 3 3 3 -1 1 1 3 1 -1 -3 3 -1 -1 3 -1 -3 3 1 3 -1 -3 -1 -1 1 -3 3 -3 -1 -3 -1 1 -1 1 -3 -1 -3 -3 1 -1 -3 3 -3 1 -3 3 -1 1 3 -1 1 1 -1 -3 -3 1 1 -3 -1 -1 3 -1 -1 3 -1 -3 -1 1 3 -3 -3 -3 3 3 -1 -1 3 -3 3 1 -1
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u
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 -1 -3 3 -1 -1 -3 1 -3 -3 1 -1 1 1 3 -3 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -3 -3 -1 1 1 -3 -1 -1 1 3 3 -1 -3 -1 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 -1 -3 -1 -3 3 1 3 -3 -3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -3 -3 1 1 -3 3 -3 -3 -3 3 3 1 1 1 3 -1 -3 -3 1 3 -1 -1 -1 3 3 -1 -1 3 -3 1 -3 3 3 -3 -3 3 3 -3 -3 3 1 1 -1 -1 -1 3 1 3 1 -3 1 3 -1 -1 -1 3 3 1 1 1 3 1 -1 3 -3 -3 1 1 -1 -3 3 1 -1 -1 3 3 3 -1 1 -1 3 1 3 1 3 3 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -3 -1 1 1 -3 -1 1 -3 -3 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -3 1 3 -1 -1 -1 -3 -3 1 -1 3 -3 -1 1 1 -3 -1 1 -3 -3 1 1 3 -3 -1 -3 -3 3 3 -1 -1 -3 -3 -1 -3 3 3 -1 -1 -3 3 3 3 -3 3 -1 3 3 -3 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 -1 -1 1 -1 3 3 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -3 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -3 3 3 -3 3 -3 -3 1 -3 3 -1 -1 1 3 1 -1 1 -1 -3 3 -3 -1 -3 3 -1 1 -1 -3 1 3 3 -1 3 -1 3 1 1 3 3 -3 -3 -3 -3 1 3 -3 -3 -3 1 3 -1 3 -3 3 -1 -1 -3 -1 -1 -1
(0),..., (23)
1 1 3 -1 -1 -3 -1 1 -1 3 -3 -3 3 -1 1 -1 3 3 1 3 -3 1 3 -3 3 -1 3 -1 -3 1 3 1 1 1 3 1 -1 3 -1 3 -3 -3 -1 1 1 3 1 3 3 -3 3 -3 -3 1 -1 -3 -3 -1 1 3 -3 1 -1 3 -1 1 1 1 -1 3 -1 3 1 3 3 1 3 3 -3 1 1 -1 3 3 3 1 3 3 1 1 3 3 3 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -3 3 1 3 3 3 3 -1 1 -1 3 1 -3 -1 -1 1 1 1 -3 -1 1 1 -1 3 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -3 -3 -3 3 -1 1 1 1 -3 1 -3 -1 -1 3 -1 -3 -3 -3 1 3 1 -1 1 1 -3 3 1 3 -3 1 1 3 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 3 -3 -3 1 -1 3 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -3 -3 -1 3 3 1 -3 -3 1 3 1 -3 3 -1 3 3 1 3 -3 -1 -3 3 1 -3 -1 3 -1 -3 -3 -1 -3 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -3 -3 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 3 1 -3 1 3 3 -3 3 -3 -3 1 -3 3 -1 1 1 -1 3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -1 1 -3 -3 1 1 3 -3 -3 1 1 -1 -3 1 -3 -3 1 -1 1 -3 -3 1 3 -3 1 3 3 3 1 -1 -1 -3 -1 -3 3 -1 3 1 3 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 3 3 -1 -3 1 -3 -1 -3 -3 1 -1 -1 -3 3 3 -3 1 3 3 -1 3 -3 3 1 -1 -3 -3 -3 -1 -1 -3 1 1 -1 -3 -3 3 -1 -3 -3 1 1 -1 -1 1 -3 1 -1 1 3 -3 -1 3 -1 -3 -3 1 -1 3 -1 -1 1 3 -3 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -3 -3 -3 1 -3 -3 -1 1 -3 1 1 -1 3 -1 -1 1 -3 -1 1 -3 -3 3 -1 -1 1 -3 1 -3 1 3 1 -1 3 3 -1 -1 -1 -3 -3 -1 -3 -3 3 3 -1 1 -1 -1 3
5.5.1.3
Group hopping
The sequence-group number u in slot ns is defined by a group hopping pattern f gh (ns ) and a sequence-shift pattern
f ss (ns ) according to u = f gh (ns ) + f ss (ns ) mod 30
There are 17 different hopping patterns and 30 different sequence-shift patterns. Sequence-group hopping can be enabled or disabled by higher layers. PUCCH and PUSCH have the same hopping pattern but may have different sequence-shift patterns. The group-hopping pattern f gh (ns ) is the same for PUSCH and PUCCH and given by
0 f gh (ns ) = if group hopping is disabled
4 i =0
where the pseudo-random sequence c(i ) is defined by section 7.2. The pseudo-random sequence generator shall be
cell at the beginning of each radio frame. initialized with cinit = f N ID
The sequence-shift pattern f ss (ns ) definition differs between PUCCH and PUSCH.
PUCCH For PUCCH, the sequence-shift pattern f ss (ns ) is derived from the physical-layer cell identity.
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PUSCH PUSCH PUCCH For PUSCH, the sequence-shift pattern f ss (ns ) is given by f ss (ns ) = f ss (ns ) + ss mod 30 , where ss {0,1,...,29} is configured by higher layers.
5.5.1.4
Sequence hopping
RS RB Sequence hopping only applies for reference-signals of length M sc 6 N sc . RS RB For reference-signals of length M sc < 6 N sc , the base sequence number v within the base sequence group is given by v=0. RS RB For reference-signals of length M sc 6 N sc , the base sequence number v within the base sequence group is defined by
where the pseudo-random sequence c(i ) is given by section 7.2. The pseudo-random sequence generator shall be
cell at the beginning of each radio frame. initialized with cinit = f N ID
5.5.2
5.5.2.1
5.5.2.1.1
where
m = 0,1
RS n = 0,..., M sc 1
and
RS PUSCH M sc = M sc ) ( ) RS Section 5.5.1 defines the sequence ru( ,v (0),..., ru ,v ( M sc 1) .
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5.5.2.1.2
The sequence r PUSCH () shall be multiplied with the amplitude scaling factor PUSCH and mapped in sequence starting with r PUSCH (0) to the same set of physical resource blocks used for the corresponding PUSCH transmission defined in Section 5.3.4. The mapping to resource elements (k , l ) with l = 3 in the subframe shall be in increasing order of first k , then the slot number.
5.5.2.2
5.5.2.2.1
where
PUCCH 1 m = 0,..., N RS RS 1 n = 0,..., M sc
m' = 0,1
For PUCCH format 2a and 2b, z (m) equals d (10) for m = 1 , where d (10) is defined in Section 5.4.2. For all other cases, z (m) = 1.
) RS The sequence ru(, v ( n) is given by Section 5.5.1 with M sc = 12 where the expression for the cyclic shift is
determined by the PUCCH format. For PUCCH formats 1, 1a and 1b, (ns ) is given by
n(n ) PUCCH N s shift noc (ns ) = N 2 n(ns ) PUCCH shift
n cell (n , l ) + n(n ) PUCCH + PUCCH + n (n ) mod PUCCH mod N mod N RB cs s s shift offset oc s shift sc ncs (ns )= cell PUCCH PUCCH RB n (n , l ) + n(ns ) shift + offset + noc (ns ) mod N mod N sc cs s
[ [
( (
))
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Release 8
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PUCCH cell where n(ns ) , N , PUCCH , offset and ncs (ns , l ) are defined by Section 5.4.1. The number of reference symbols shift PUCCH and the sequence w (n) are given by Table 5.5.2.2.1-1 and 5.5.2.2.1-2, respectively. per slot N RS
For PUCCH formats 2, 2a and 2b, (ns ) is defined by Section 5.4.2. The number of reference symbols per slot
PUCCH N RS and the sequence w (n) are given by Table 5.5.2.2.1-1 and 5.5.2.2.1-3, respectively. PUCCH Table 5.5.2.2.1-1: Number of PUCCH demodulation reference symbols per slot N RS .
[1 [1
[1
e j 2 e j 4
1 1]
3 3
e j 4 e j 2
3 3
] ]
[1 1] [1
1]
N/A
[1 1]
[1]
5.5.2.2.2
The sequence r PUCCH () shall be multiplied with the amplitude scaling factor PUCCH and mapped in sequence starting with r PUCCH (0) to resource elements (k , l ) . The mapping shall be in increasing order of first k , then l and finally the slot number. The same set of values for k as for the corresponding PUCCH transmission shall be used. The values of the symbol index l in a slot are given by Table 5.5.2.2.2-1.
Table 5.5.2.2.2-1: Demodulation reference signal location for different PUCCH formats
PUCCH format 1, 1a, 1b 2, 2a, 2b Set of values for l Normal cyclic prefix Extended cyclic prefix 2, 3, 4 2, 3 1, 5 3
5.5.3
The sounding reference signal is not transmitted simultaneously with PUCCH format 1. PUCCH format 1 takes precedence over the sounding reference signal in case their respective configurations cause an overlap in time.
5.5.3.1
Sequence generation
) The sounding reference signal sequence r SRS (n ) = ru(, v (n ) is defined by Section 5.5.1. The sequence index to use is
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5.5.3.2
RS The sequence r SRS (0),..., r SRS ( M sc 1) shall be multiplied with the amplitude scaling factor SRS and mapped in
where k 0 is the frequency-domain starting position of the sounding reference signal and M sc is the length of the sounding reference signal sequence.
RS
5.6
This section applies to all uplink physical signals and physical channels except the physical random access channel. The time-continuous signal sl (t ) in SC-FDMA symbol l in an uplink slot is defined by
sl (t ) =
UL RB N sc / 2 1 N RB
UL RB k = N RB N sc / 2
a k ( ) ,l e
j 2 (k +1 2 )f (t N CP ,l Ts )
RB for 0 t < (N CP,l + N ) Ts where k ( ) = k + N UL RB N sc 2 , N = 2048 , f = 15 kHz and a k ,l is the content of resource
element (k , l ) .
The SC-FDMA symbols in a slot shall be transmitted in increasing order of l , starting with l = 0 , where SC-FDMA symbol l > 0 starts at time
l 1 l =0
Table 5.6-1lists the values of N CP,l that shall be used. Note that different SC-FDMA symbols within a slot may have different cyclic prefix lengths.
5.7
5.7.1
The physical layer random access preamble, illustrated in Figure 5.7.1-1, consists of a cyclic prefix of length TCP and a sequence part of length TSEQ . The parameter values are listed in Table 5.7.1-1 and depend on the frame structure and the random access configuration. Higher layers control the preamble format.
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TCP
TSEQ
TCP
TSEQ
The transmission of a random access preamble, if triggered by the MAC layer, is restricted to certain time and frequency resources. These resources are enumerated in increasing order of the subframe number within the radio frame and the physical resource blocks in the frequency domain such that index 0 correspond to the lowest numbered physical resource block and subframe within the radio frame. For preamble format 0-3, there is at most one random access resource per subframe for FDD. Table 5.7.1-2 lists the subframes in which random access preamble transmission is allowed for a given configuration. The start of the random access preamble shall be aligned with the start of the corresponding uplink subframe at the UE assuming a timing advance of zero. For PRACH configuration 0, 1, 2, 15, the UE may for handover purposes assume an absolute value of the relative time difference between radio frame i in the current cell and the target cell of less than 153600 Ts .
Table 5.7.1-2: Random access preamble timing for preamble format 0-3.
PRACH configuration 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 System frame number Even Even Even Any Any Any Any Any Any Any Any Any Any Any Any Even Subframe number 1 4 7 1 4 7 1, 6 2 ,7 3, 8 1, 4, 7 2, 5, 8 3, 6, 9 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 9
For preamble format 4 available in TDD only, the preamble shall start 4832 Ts before the end of the UpPTS at the UE. In the frequency domain, the random access preamble occupies a bandwidth corresponding to 6 resource blocks for both frame structures.
5.7.2
The random access preambles are generated from Zadoff-Chu sequences with zero correlation zone, generated from one or several root Zadoff-Chu sequences. The network configures the set of preamble sequences the UE is allowed to use.
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There are 64 preambles available in each cell. The set of 64 preamble sequences in a cell is found by including first, in the order of increasing cyclic shift, all the available cyclic shifts of a root Zadoff-Chu sequence with the logical index RACH_ROOT_SEQUENCE, where RACH_ROOT_SEQUENCE is broadcasted as part of the System Information. Additional preamble sequences, in case 64 preambles cannot be generated from a single root Zadoff-Chu sequence, are obtained from the root sequences with the consecutive logical indexes until all the 64 sequences are found. The logical root sequence order is cyclic: the logical index 0 is consecutive to 837. The relation between a logical root sequence index and physical root sequence index u is given by Tables 5.7.2-4 and 5.7.2-5 for preamble formats 0 3 and 4, respectively. The u th root Zadoff-Chu sequence is defined by
xu (n ) = e
j
un ( n +1)
N ZC
, 0 n N ZC 1
where the length N ZC of the Zadoff-Chu sequence is given by Table 5.7.2-1. From the u th root Zadoff-Chu sequence, random access preambles with zero correlation zones of length N CS 1 are defined by cyclic shifts according to
xu ,v (n) = xu ((n + Cv ) mod N ZC )
v = 0,1,..., N ZC N CS 1
and N CS is given by Tables 5.7.2-2 and 5.7.2-3 for preamble formats 0-3 and 4, respectively. The variable d u is the cyclic shift corresponding to a Doppler shift of magnitude 1 TSEQ and is given by
1 u mod N ZC du = 1 N ZC u mod N ZC
The parameters for restricted sets of cyclic shifts depend on d u . For N CS d u < N ZC 3 , the parameters are given by
RA nshift = d u N CS RA d start = 2d u + nshift N CS RA ngroup = N ZC d start
( (
For all other values of d u , there are no cyclic shifts in the restricted set.
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N ZC
839 139
Table 5.7.2-2: Cyclic shifts N CS for preamble generation (preamble formats 0-3).
N CS
configuration 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
N CS value
Unrestricted set 0 13 15 18 22 26 32 38 46 59 76 93 119 167 279 419 Restricted set 15 18 22 26 32 38 46 55 68 82 100 128 158 202 237 -
Table 5.7.2-3: Cyclic shifts N CS for preamble generation (preamble format 4).
N CS
configuration 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
N CS value
2 4 6 8 10 12 15
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264327
328383
384455
456513
514561
562629
630659 660707
708729 730751 752765 766777 778789 790795 796803 804809 810815 816819 820837
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5.7.3
u ,v ( n) e
RB UL RB where 0 t < TSEQ + TCP , PRACH is an amplitude scaling factor and k 0 = k RA N sc N RB N sc 2 . The location in the
frequency domain is controlled by the parameter k RA , expressed as a physical resource block number configured by
UL higher layers and fulfilling 0 k RA N RB 6 . The factor K = f f RA accounts for the difference in subcarrier
spacing between the random access preamble and uplink data transmission. The variable f RA , the subcarrier spacing for the random access preamble, and the variable , a fixed offset determining the frequency-domain location of the random access preamble within the physical resource blocks, are both given by Table 5.7.3-1.
Table 5.7.3-1: Random access baseband parameters.
Preamble format 03 4
f RA
1250 Hz 7500 Hz
7 2
5.8
Modulation and upconversion to the carrier frequency of the complex-valued SC-FDMA baseband signal for each antenna port is shown in Figure 5.8-1. The filtering required prior to transmission is defined by the requirements in [6].
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cos (2f 0 t )
Re {sl (t )}
sl (t )
Im{sl (t )}
sin (2f 0 t )
6
6.1
Downlink
Overview
The smallest time-frequency unit for downlink transmission is denoted a resource element and is defined in Section 6.2.2.
6.1.1
Physical channels
A downlink physical channel corresponds to a set of resource elements carrying information originating from higher layers and is the interface defined between 36.212 and 36.211. The following downlink physical channels are defined: Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH Physical Broadcast Channel, PBCH Physical Multicast Channel, PMCH Physical Control Format Indicator Channel, PCFICH Physical Downlink Control Channel, PDCCH Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel, PHICH
6.1.2
Physical signals
A downlink signal corresponds to a set of resource elements used by the physical layer but does not carry information originating from higher layers. The following downlink physical signals are defined: Reference signal Synchronization signal
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6.2
6.2.1
DL RB DL The transmitted signal in each slot is described by a resource grid of N RB N sc subcarriers and N symb OFDM symbols. DL The resource grid structure is illustrated in Figure 6.2.2-1. The quantity N RB depends on the downlink transmission bandwidth configured in the cell and shall fulfil min, DL DL max,DL N RB N RB N RB min, DL max,DL where N RB = 6 and N RB = 110 are the smallest and largest downlink bandwidth, respectively, supported by the current version of this specification. DL is given by [6]. The number of OFDM symbols in a slot depends on the cyclic The set of allowed values for N RB prefix length and subcarrier spacing configured and is given in Table 6.2.3-1.
In case of multi-antenna transmission, there is one resource grid defined per antenna port. An antenna port is defined by its associated reference signal. The set of antenna ports supported depends on the reference signal configuration in the cell: Cell-specific reference signals, associated with non-MBSFN transmission, support a configuration of one, two, or four antenna ports and the antenna port number p shall fulfil p = 0 , p {0,1} , and p {0,1,2,3} , respectively. MBSFN reference signals, associated with MBSFN transmission, are transmitted on antenna port p = 4 . UE-specific reference signals are transmitted on antenna port p = 5 .
6.2.2
Resource elements
Each element in the resource grid for antenna port p is called a resource element and is uniquely identified by the
DL RB DL index pair (k , l ) in a slot where k = 0,..., N RB N sc 1 and l = 0,..., N symb 1 are the indices in the frequency and time ( p) domains, respectively. Resource element (k , l ) on antenna port p corresponds to the complex value ak ,l . When there
is no risk for confusion, or no particular antenna port is specified, the index p may be dropped.
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Tslot
DL N symb
DL RB k = N RB N sc 1
DL RB N symb N sc
subcarrier s subcarrier s
DL RB N RB N sc
(k , l )
RB N sc
k =0
l=0
l=
DL N symb
6.2.3
Resource blocks
Resource blocks are used to describe the mapping of certain physical channels to resource elements.. Physical and virtual resource blocks are defined.
DL RB consecutive OFDM symbols in the time domain and N sc consecutive A physical resource block is defined as N symb
DL RB and N sc are given by Table 6.2.3-1. A physical resource block thus subcarriers in the frequency domain, where N symb
DL RB N sc resource elements, corresponding to one slot in the time domain and 180 kHz in the frequency consists of N symb
domain.
DL 1 in the frequency domain. The relation between the physical Physical resource blocks are numbered from 0 to N RB resource block number nPRB in the frequency domain and resource elements (k , l ) in a slot is given by
k nPRB = RB N sc
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12 24
7 6 3
A virtual resource block is of the same size as a physical resource block. Virtual resource blocks are numbered from 0 DL 1 . Two types of virtual resource blocks are defined: to N RB Virtual resource blocks of localized type Virtual resource blocks of distributed type
Virtual resource blocks of localized type are mapped directly to physical resource blocks such that virtual resource block nVRB corresponds to physical resource block nPRB = nVRB . Virtual resource blocks of distributed type are mapped to physical resource blocks such that virtual resource block nVRB corresponds to physical resource block nPRB = f (nVRB , ns ) , where ns is the slot number within a radio frame. The virtual-to-physical resource block mapping is different in the two slots of a subframe.
6.2.4
Resource-element groups
Resource-element groups are used for defining the mapping of control channels to resource elements. A resource-element group is represented by the index pair (k , l ) of the resource element with the lowest index k in the group with all resource elements in the group having the same value of l . The set of resource elements (k , l ) in a resource-element group depends on the number of cell-specific reference signals configured as described below with RB DL k 0 = nPRB N sc , 0 nPRB < N RB . In the first OFDM symbol of the first slot in a subframe the two resource-element groups in physical resource block nPRB consist of resource elements (k , l = 0) with k = k 0 + 0, k 0 + 1,..., k 0 + 5 and k = k 0 + 6, k 0 + 7,..., k 0 + 11 , respectively. In the second OFDM symbol of the first slot in a subframe in case of one or two cell-specific reference signals configured, the three resource-element groups in physical resource block nPRB consist of resource elements (k , l = 1) with k = k 0 + 0, k 0 + 1,..., k 0 + 3 , k = k 0 + 4, k 0 + 5,..., k 0 + 7 and k = k 0 + 8, k 0 + 9,..., k 0 + 11 , respectively. In the second OFDM symbol of the first slot in a subframe in case of four cell-specific reference signals configured, the two resource-element groups in physical resource block nPRB consist of resource elements (k , l = 1) with k = k 0 + 0, k 0 + 1,..., k 0 + 5 and k = k 0 + 6, k 0 + 7,..., k 0 + 11 , respectively. In the third OFDM symbol of the first slot in a subframe, the three resource-element groups in physical resource block nPRB consist of resource elements (k , l = 2) with k = k 0 + 0, k 0 + 1,..., k 0 + 3 , k = k 0 + 4, k 0 + 5,..., k 0 + 7 and k = k 0 + 8, k 0 + 9,..., k 0 + 11 , respectively.
Mapping of a symbol-quadruplet z (i ), z (i + 1), z (i + 2), z (i + 3) onto a resource-element group represented by resourceelement (k , l ) is defined such that elements z (i ) are mapped to resource elements (k , l ) of the resource-element group not used for cell-specific reference signals in increasing order of i and k . In case a single cell-specific reference signal is configured, cell-specific reference signals shall be assumed to be present on antenna ports 0 and 1 for the purpose of mapping a symbol-quadruplet to a resource-element group, otherwise the number of cell-specific reference signals shall be assumed equal to the actual number of antenna ports used for cell-specific reference signals.
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6.2.5
For half-duplex FDD operation, a guard period is created by the UE by not receiving the last part of a downlink subframe immediately preceding an uplink subframe from the same UE.
6.2.6
For frame structure type 2, the GP field in Figure 4.2-1 serves as a guard period.
6.3
This section describes a general structure, applicable to more than one physical channel. The baseband signal representing a downlink physical channel is defined in terms of the following steps: scrambling of coded bits in each of the code words to be transmitted on a physical channel modulation of scrambled bits to generate complex-valued modulation symbols mapping of the complex-valued modulation symbols onto one or several transmission layers precoding of the complex-valued modulation symbols on each layer for transmission on the antenna ports mapping of complex-valued modulation symbols for each antenna port to resource elements generation of complex-valued time-domain OFDM signal for each antenna port
6.3.1
Scrambling
(q) (q) For each code word q , the block of bits b ( q ) (0),..., b ( q ) ( M bit 1) , where M bit is the number of bits in code word q
transmitted on the physical channel in one subframe, shall be scrambled prior to modulation, resulting in a block of ~ ~ (q) 1) according to scrambled bits b ( q ) (0),..., b ( q ) ( M bit
~ b q (i ) = b q (i ) + c q (i ) mod 2
where the scrambling sequence c q (i ) is given by Section 7.2. The scrambling sequence generator shall be initialised at the start of each subframe, where the initialisation value of cinit depends on the transport channel type according to
cell 214 + q 213 + ns 2 2 9 + N ID n cinit = RNTI 9 MBSFN ns 2 2 + N ID
where nRNTI corresponds to the identity of the UE(s) to which the PDSCH transmission is intended. Up to two code words can be transmitted in one subframe, i.e., q {0,1}.
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6.3.2
Modulation
~ ~ (q) For each code word q , the block of scrambled bits b ( q ) (0),..., b ( q ) ( M bit 1) shall be modulated as described in
Section 7.1 using one of the modulation schemes in Table 6.3.2-1, resulting in a block of complex-valued modulation (q) 1) . symbols d ( q ) (0),..., d ( q ) ( M symb
Table 6.3.2-1: Modulation schemes
Physical channel PDSCH PMCH Modulation schemes QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
6.3.3
Layer mapping
The complex-valued modulation symbols for each of the code words to be transmitted are mapped onto one or several (q) 1) for code word q shall be mapped onto the layers. Complex-valued modulation symbols d ( q ) (0),..., d ( q ) ( M symb
layer layer layers x(i ) = x (0) (i ) ... x ( 1) (i ) , i = 0,1,..., M symb is the number of 1 where is the number of layers and M symb
T
6.3.3.1
For transmission on a single antenna port, a single layer is used, = 1 , and the mapping is defined by
x ( 0) (i ) = d ( 0) (i )
layer (0) with M symb = M symb .
6.3.3.2
For spatial multiplexing, the layer mapping shall be done according to Table 6.3.3.2-1. The number of layers is less than or equal to the number of antenna ports P used for transmission of the physical channel.
Table 6.3.3.2-1: Codeword-to-layer mapping for spatial multiplexing
Number of layers Number of code words 1 2 Codeword-to-layer mapping
layer i = 0,1,..., M symb 1 layer ( 0) M symb = M symb layer ( 0) (1) M symb = M symb = M symb
1 2
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6.3.3.3
For transmit diversity, the layer mapping shall be done according to Table 6.3.3.3-1. There is only one codeword and the number of layers is equal to the number of antenna ports P used for transmission of the physical channel.
Table 6.3.3.3-1: Codeword-to-layer mapping for transmit diversity
Number of layers Number of code words Codeword-to-layer mapping
layer i = 0,1,..., M symb 1
x ( 0) (i ) = d ( 0) (2i )
2 1
6.3.4
Precoding
layer The precoder takes as input a block of vectors x(i ) = x ( 0) (i ) ... x ( 1) (i ) , i = 0,1,..., M symb 1 from the layer
T
ap 1 to be mapped onto resources on mapping and generates a block of vectors y (i ) = ... y ( p ) (i ) ... , i = 0,1,..., M symb
each of the antenna ports, where y ( p ) (i ) represents the signal for antenna port p .
6.3.4.1
where p {0,4,5} is the number of the single antenna port used for transmission of the physical channel and
ap ap layer i = 0,1,..., M symb 1 , M symb = M symb .
6.3.4.2
Precoding for spatial multiplexing is only used in combination with layer mapping for spatial multiplexing as described in Section 6.3.3.2. Spatial multiplexing supports two or four antenna ports and the set of antenna ports used is p {0,1} or p {0,1,2,3} , respectively.
6.3.4.2.1
For zero-delay and small-delay cyclic delay diversity (CDD), precoding for spatial multiplexing is defined by
y (0) (i ) x ( 0) (i ) = D(k i )W (i ) y ( P 1) (i ) x ( 1) (i )
where the precoding matrix W (i ) is of size P , the quantity D(k i ) is a diagonal matrix for support of cyclic delay diversity, ki represents the frequency-domain index of the resource element to which complex-valued symbol y (i ) is
ap ap layer 1 , M symb = M symb . mapped to and i = 0,1,..., M symb
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The matrix D(k i ) shall be selected from Table 6.3.4.2.1-1, where a UE-specific value of is semi-statically configured in the UE and the eNodeB by higher layer signalling. The quantity in Table 6.3.4.2.1-1 is the smallest
DL RB N sc . 128,256,512,1024,2048} such that N RB number from the set {
D(k i ) 0 1 0 e j 2 ki
0 1 0 e j 2 ki 0 0 0 0 0 0 e j 2 ki 2 0 j 2 ki 3 e 0 0 0
No CDD 0 Small delay
{0,1} {0,1,2,3}
1 2 1 2 3 4
For spatial multiplexing, the values of W (i ) shall be selected among the precoder elements in the codebook configured in the eNodeB and the UE. The eNodeB can further confine the precoder selection in the UE to a subset of the elements in the codebook using codebook subset restrictions. The configured codebook shall be selected from Table 6.3.4.2.3-1 or 6.3.4.2.3-2.
6.3.4.2.2
D(i ) supporting cyclic delay diversity and the size- matrix U are both given by Table 6.3.4.2.2-1 for different numbers of layers .
The values of the precoding matrix W (i ) shall be selected among the precoder elements in the codebook configured in the eNodeB and the UE. The eNodeB can further confine the precoder selection in the UE to a subset of the elements in the codebook using codebook subset restriction. The configured codebook shall be selected from Table 6.3.4.2.3-1 or 6.3.4.2.3-2.
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D(i )
[1]
1 1 1 1 e j 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 j 2 3 j 4 1 e e 3 j 4 3 1 e e j 8
1 1 1 e j 2 1 2 1 e j 4 j 6 1 e 1
4 4 4
[1]
4 4 1 0 0 0
3 3
1 e e j12 e j18
e e
j 4 4 j 8 4 4
j 6 4
e j12
0 1 0 e j 2i 2 0 0 1 0 e j 2i 3 0 0 e j 4i 3 0 0 0 0 j 2i 4 e 0 0 j 4i 4 0 e 0 0 0 e j 6i 4
6.3.4.2.3
For transmission on two antenna ports, p {0,1} , the precoding matrix W (i ) for zero, small, and large-delay CDD shall be selected from Table 6.3.4.2.3-1 or a subset thereof.
Table 6.3.4.2.3-1: Codebook for transmission on antenna ports {0,1} .
Codebook index Number of layers 1 0 2
1 0 0 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 j 1 1 2 j
1 1 0 2 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 j j
-
For transmission on four antenna ports, p {0,1,2,3} , the precoding matrix W for zero, small, and large-delay CDD
{ s} denotes the matrix defined by the shall be selected from Table 6.3.4.2.3-2 or a subset thereof. The quantity Wn H H un u n where I is the 4 4 identity matrix and the columns given by the set {s} from the expression Wn = I 2u n u n
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un u 0 = [1 1 1 1]T u1 = [1 j 1 u3 = [1 j ]T u 2 = [1 1 1 1]T u 4 = 1 (1 j ) u5 u6 u7 (1 j ) (1 + j ) (1 + j ) 2 2 2
1
Number of layers 2 3 4
W0{1} W1{1}
{1} W2
W0{14} W1{12}
{12} W2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
W0{124} W1{123}
{123} W2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
W0{1234} 2 W1{1234} 2
{3214} W2 2
[ =[ 1 =[ 1 =[ 1
j 1 j ]T 2 j (1 j ) j ( 1 j ) j (1 + j ) j (1 + j ) 2 2
2
T
W3{1}
{1} W4
W3{12}
{14} W4
W3{123}
{124} W4
W3{3214} 2
{1234} W4 2
2
T
W5{1}
W5{1234} 2
u8 = [1 1 1 1]T u9 = [1 j 1 j ]T u10 = [1 1 1 1]T u11 = [1 j 1 j ]T u12 = [1 1 1 1]T u13 = [1 1 1 1]T u14 = [1 1 1 1]T u15 = [1 1 1 1]T
{1234} W15 2
6.3.4.3
Precoding for transmit diversity is only used in combination with layer mapping for transmit diversity as described in Section 6.3.3.3. The precoding operation for transmit diversity is defined for two and four antenna ports. For transmission on two antenna ports, p {0,1} , the output y (i ) = y ( 0) (i ) defined by
y (1) (i )
( ( ( (
) ) ) )
For transmission on four antenna ports, p {0,1,2,3} , the output y (i ) = y ( 0) (i ) precoding operation is defined by
y (1) (i )
y ( 2) (i )
y (3) (i )
of the
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y ( 0) (4i ) 1 0 (1) 0 0 y (4i ) y ( 2) (4i ) 0 1 (3) y ( 4i ) 0 0 y ( 0) (4i + 1) 0 1 (1) y (4i + 1) 0 0 ( 2) 1 0 y (4i + 1) y (3) (4i + 1) 1 0 0 = ( 0) 2 0 0 y (4i + 2) y (1) (4i + 2) 0 0 ( 2) y (4i + 2) 0 0 (3) 0 0 y (4i + 2) y ( 0) (4i + 3) 0 0 (1) 0 0 y (4i + 3) y ( 2) (4i + 3) 0 0 (3) 0 0 y (4i + 3)
layer ap layer for i = 0,1,..., M symb 1 with M symb = 4M symb .
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
j 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 j 0 j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
6.3.5
For each of the antenna ports used for transmission of the physical channel, the block of complex-valued symbols ap y ( p ) (0),..., y ( p ) ( M symb 1) shall be mapped in sequence starting with y ( p ) (0) to resource elements (k , l ) in the physical resource blocks corresponding to the virtual resource blocks assigned for transmission and not used for transmission of PCFICH, PHICH, PDCCH, PBCH, synchronization signals or reference signals. The mapping to resource elements (k , l ) on antenna port p not reserved for other purposes shall be in increasing order of first the index k and then the index l , starting with the first slot in a subframe.
6.4
The physical downlink shared channel shall be processed and mapped to resource elements as described in Section 6.3 with the following exceptions: -
6.5
The physical multicast channel shall be processed and mapped to resource elements as described in Section 6.3 with the following exceptions: No transmit diversity scheme is specified Layer mapping and precoding shall be done assuming a single antenna port and the transmission shall use antenna port 4. In subframes where PMCH is transmitted on a carrier supporting a mix of PDSCH and PMCH transmission, up to two of the first OFDM symbols of a subframe can be reserved for non-MBSFN transmission and shall not be used for PMCH transmission. The non-MBSFN symbols shall use the same cyclic prefix as used for subframe #0.
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PMCH shall not be transmitted in subframes 0 and 5 on a carrier supporting a mix of PDSCH and PMCH transmission
6.6
6.6.1
The block of bits b(0),..., b( M bit 1) , where M bit , the number of bits transmitted on the physical broadcast channel, equals 1920 for normal cyclic prefix and 1728 for extended cyclic prefix, shall be scrambled with a cell-specific ~ ~ sequence prior to modulation, resulting in a block of scrambled bits b (0),..., b ( M bit 1) according to
~ b (i ) = (b(i ) + c(i ) ) mod 2
where the scrambling sequence c(i ) is given by Section 7.2. The scrambling sequence shall be initialised with
cell cinit = N ID in each radio frame fulfilling nf mod 4 = 0 .
6.6.2
Modulation
~ ~ The block of scrambled bits b (0),..., b ( M bit 1) shall be modulated as described in Section 7.1, resulting in a block of complex-valued modulation symbols d (0),..., d ( M symb 1) . Table 6.6.2-1 specifies the modulation mappings applicable
6.6.3
The block of modulation symbols d (0),..., d ( M symb 1) shall be mapped to layers according to one of Sections 6.3.3.1
( 0) or 6.3.3.3 with M symb = M symb and precoded according to one of Sections 6.3.4.1 or 6.3.4.3, resulting in a block of
1,2,4} . where p = 0,..., P 1 and the number of antenna ports for cell-specific reference signals P {
vectors y (i ) = y ( 0) (i ) ... y ( P 1) (i ) , i = 0,..., M symb 1 , where y ( p ) (i ) represents the signal for antenna port p and
6.6.4
The block of complex-valued symbols y ( p ) (0),..., y ( p ) ( M symb 1) for each antenna port is transmitted during 4 consecutive radio frames starting in each radio frame fulfilling nf mod 4 = 0 and shall be mapped in sequence starting with y (0) to resource elements (k , l ) . The mapping to resource elements (k , l ) not reserved for transmission of reference signals shall be in increasing order of first the index k , then the index l in slot 1 in subframe 0 and finally the radio frame number. The resource-element indices are given by
k=
DL RB N RB N sc 36 + k ' , 2 l = 0,1,...,3
k ' = 0,1,...,71
where resource elements reserved for reference signals shall be excluded. The mapping operation shall assume cellspecific reference signals for antenna ports 0-3 being present irrespective of the actual configuration. Resource elements assumed to be reserved for reference signals in the mapping operation above but not used for transmission of reference signal shall not be used for transmission of any physical channel.
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6.7
The physical control format indicator channel carries information about the number of OFDM symbols used for transmission of PDCCHs in a subframe. The set of OFDM symbols possible to use for PDCCH in a subframe is given by Table 6.7-1.
Table 6.7-1: Maximum number of OFDM symbols used for PDCCH.
Subframe Subframe 1 and 6 for frame structure type 2 MBSFN subframes on a carrier supporting both PMCH and PDSCH MBSFN subframes on a carrier not supporting PDSCH All other subframes Number of OFDM symbols for PDCCH 1, 2 1, 2 0 1, 2, 3
6.7.1
Scrambling
The block of bits b(0),..., b(31) transmitted in one subframe shall be scrambled with a cell-specific sequence prior to ~ ~ modulation, resulting in a block of scrambled bits b (0),..., b (31) according to
~ b (i ) = (b(i ) + c(i ) ) mod 2
where the scrambling sequence c(i ) is given by Section 7.2. The scrambling sequence generator shall be initialised
cell at the start of each subframe. with cinit = ns 2 2 9 + N ID
6.7.2
Modulation
~ ~ The block of scrambled bits b (0),..., b (31) shall be modulated as described in Section 7.1, resulting in a block of
complex-valued modulation symbols d (0),..., d (15) . Table 6.7.2-1 specifies the modulation mappings applicable for the physical control format indicator channel.
Table 6.7.2-1: PCFICH modulation schemes
Physical channel PCFICH Modulation schemes QPSK
6.7.3
The block of modulation symbols d (0),..., d (15) shall be mapped to layers according to one of Sections 6.3.3.1 or
( 0) = 16 and precoded according to one of Sections 6.3.4.1 or 6.3.4.3, resulting in a block of vectors 6.3.3.3 with M symb
p = 0,..., P 1 and the number of antenna ports for cell-specific reference signals P { 1,2,4} . The PCFICH shall be transmitted on the same set of antenna ports as the PBCH.
y (i ) = y ( 0) (i ) ... y ( P 1) (i ) , i = 0,...,15 , where y ( p ) (i ) represents the signal for antenna port p and where
6.7.4
The mapping to resource elements is defined in terms of quadruplets of complex-valued symbols. Let
z ( p ) (i ) = y ( p ) (4i ), y ( p ) (4i + 1), y ( p ) (4i + 2), y ( p ) (4i + 3) denote symbol quadruplet i for antenna port p . For each of
the antenna ports, symbol quadruplets shall be mapped in increasing order of i to the four resource-element groups in the first OFDM symbol in a downlink subframe with the representative resource-element as defined in Section 6.2.4 given by
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DL RB 2 N RB 2 N sc DL RB 2 N sc 3N RB
2 2
)(
6.8
6.8.1
The physical downlink control channel carries scheduling assignments and other control information. A physical control channel is transmitted on an aggregation of one or several consecutive control channel elements (CCEs), where a control channel element corresponds to a set of resource elements. The CCEs available in the system are numbered from 0 and upwards. The PDCCH supports multiple formats as listed in Table 6.8.1-1. A PDCCH consisting of n consecutive CCEs may only start on a CCE fulfilling i mod n = 0 , where i is the CCE number. Multiple PDCCHs can be transmitted in a subframe.
Table 6.8.1-1: Supported PDCCH formats
PDCCH format 0 1 2 3 Number of CCEs 1 2 4 8 Number of PDCCH bits
6.8.2
(i) (i) The block of bits b (i ) (0),..., b (i ) ( M bit 1) on each of the control channels to be transmitted in a subframe, where M bit is
the number of bits in one subframe to be transmitted on physical downlink control channel number i , shall be multiplexed, resulting in a block of
( nPDCCH -1) (0) (1) 1), b (1) (0),..., b (1) ( M bit 1),..., b ( nPDCCH 1) (0),..., b ( nPDCCH 1) ( M bit 1) , where nPDCCH is the bits b ( 0) (0),..., b ( 0) ( M bit
scrambled with a cell-specific sequence prior to modulation, resulting in a block of scrambled bits ~ ~ b (0),..., b ( M tot 1) according to
~ b (i ) = (b(i ) + c(i ) ) mod 2
where the scrambling sequence c(i ) is given by Section 7.2. The scrambling sequence generator shall be initialised
cell at the start of each subframe. with cinit = ns 22 9 + N ID
If necessary, dummy elements shall be inserted in the block of bits prior to scrambling to ensure that the PDCCHs starts at the CCE positions as described in [4] and to ensure that the length M tot bits matches the amount of resources reserved for PDCCH transmission.
nPDCCH 1
i =0
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6.8.3
Modulation
~ ~ The block of scrambled bits b (0),..., b ( M tot 1) shall be modulated as described in Section 7.1, resulting in a block of complex-valued modulation symbols d (0),..., d ( M symb 1) . Table 6.8.3-1 specifies the modulation mappings applicable
6.8.4
The block of modulation symbols d (0),..., d ( M symb 1) shall be mapped to layers according to one of Sections 6.3.3.1
( 0) or 6.3.3.3 with M symb = M symb and precoded according to one of Sections 6.3.4.1 or 6.3.4.3, resulting in a block of
vectors y (i ) = y ( 0) (i ) ... y ( P 1) (i ) , i = 0,..., M symb 1 to be mapped onto resources on the antenna ports used for transmission, where y ( p ) (i ) represents the signal for antenna port p . The PDCCH shall be transmitted on the same set of antenna ports as the PBCH.
6.8.5
The mapping to resource elements is defined by operations on quadruplets of complex-valued symbols. Let
z ( p ) (i ) = y ( p ) (4i ), y ( p ) (4i + 1), y ( p ) (4i + 2), y ( p ) (4i + 3) denote symbol quadruplet i for antenna port p .
The block of quadruplets z ( p ) (0),..., z ( p ) ( M quad 1) , where M quad = M symb 4 , shall be permuted according to Section 5.1.4.2.1 of [3], resulting in w ( p ) (0),..., w ( p ) ( M quad 1) . The block of quadruplets w ( p ) (0),..., w ( p ) ( M quad 1) shall be cyclically shifted, resulting in
cell w ( p ) (0),..., w ( p ) ( M quad 1) where w ( p ) (i ) = w ( p ) (i + N ID ) mod M quad .
Mapping of the block of quadruplets w ( p ) (0),..., w ( p ) ( M quad 1) is defined in terms of resource-element groups, specified in Section 6.2.4, according to steps 110 below: 1) Initialize m = 0 (resource-element group number) 2) Initialize k ' = 0 3) Initialize l ' = 0 4) If the resource element (k , l ) represents a resource-element group not assigned to PCFICH or PHICH then perform step 5 and 6, else go to step 7 5) Map symbol-quadruplet w ( p ) (m' ) to the resource-element group represented by (k , l ) for each antenna port p 6) Increase m by 1 7) Increase l ' by 1 8) Repeat from step 4 if l ' < L , where L 3 corresponds to the value represented by the sequence transmitted on the PCFICH 9) Increase k ' by 1
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6.9
The PHICH carries the hybrid-ARQ ACK/NAK. Multiple PHICHs mapped to the same set of resource elements constitute a PHICH group, where PHICHs within the same PHICH group are separated through different orthogonal group seq group sequences. A PHICH resource is identified by the index pair nPHICH , nPHICH , where nPHICH is the PHICH group
number and
seq nPHICH
6.9.1
Modulation
The block of bits b(0),..., b( M bit 1) transmitted on one PHICH in one subframe shall be modulated as described in Section 7.1, resulting in a block of complex-valued modulation symbols z (0),..., z ( M s 1) , where M s = M bit . Table 6.9.1-1 specifies the modulation mappings applicable for the physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel.
Table 6.9.1-1: PHICH modulation schemes
Physical channel PHICH Modulation schemes BPSK
The block of modulation symbols z (0),..., z ( M s 1) shall be bit-wise multiplied with an orthogonal sequence, resulting in a sequence of modulation symbols d (0),..., d ( M symb 1) according to
PHICH PHICH d (i ) = w i mod N SF (1 2c(i ) ) z i N SF
where
i = 0,..., M symb 1
PHICH M symb = N SF Ms
and c(i ) is a cell-specific scrambling sequence generated according to Section 7.2. The scrambling sequence generator
cell at the start of each subframe. shall be initialised with cinit = ns 2 2 9 + N ID seq PHICH 1) is given by Table 6.9.1-2 where the sequence index nPHICH corresponds to The sequence w(0) w( N SF the PHICH number within the PHICH group.
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for PHICH
Sequence index
seq nPHICH
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
[+ j [+ j [+ j [+ j
[+ 1 [+ 1 [+ 1 [+ 1
PHICH N SF =4
+ 1 + 1 + 1]
PHICH N SF =2
1 + 1 1] + 1 1 1] 1 1 + 1]
+ j + j + j] j + j j] + j j j] j j + j]
[+ 1 [+ 1 [+ j [+ j
+ 1] 1]
+ j] j]
-
6.9.2
The block of symbols d (0),..., d ( M symb 1) shall be mapped to layers and precoded, resulting in a block of vectors
p = 0,..., P 1 and the number of antenna ports for cell-specific reference signals P { 1,2,4} . The layer mapping and precoding operation depends on the cyclic prefix length and the number of antenna ports used for transmission of the PHICH. The PHICH shall be transmitted on the same set of antenna ports as the PBCH. y (i ) = y ( 0) (i ) ... y ( P 1) (i ) , i = 0,..., M symb 1 , where y ( p ) (i ) represents the signal for antenna port p ,
For transmission on a single antenna port, P = 1 , layer mapping and precoding are defined by Sections 6.3.3.1 and ( 0) 6.3.4.1, respectively, with M symb = M symb . For transmission on two antenna ports, P = 2 , layer mapping and precoding are defined by Sections 6.3.3.3 and 6.3.4.3, ( 0) respectively, with M symb = M symb . For transmission on four antenna ports, P = 4 , and normal cyclic prefix, layer mapping is defined by Section 6.3.3.3 and precoding by
y ( 0) (4i ) 1 0 (1) 0 0 y (4i ) y ( 2) (4i ) 0 1 (3) y (4i ) 0 0 y ( 0) (4i + 1) 0 1 (1) y (4i + 1) 0 0 ( 2) 1 0 y (4i + 1) y (3) (4i + 1) 1 0 0 = ( 0) 2 0 0 y (4i + 2) y (1) (4i + 2) 0 0 ( 2) y (4i + 2) 0 0 y (3) (4i 2) 0 0 + y ( 0) (4i + 3) 0 0 (1) 0 0 y (4i + 3) y ( 2) (4i + 3) 0 0 (3) 0 0 y (4i + 3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 j 0 j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Re x ( 0) (i ) 0 Re x (1) (i ) 0 0 Re x ( 2) (i ) 0 0 Re x (3) (i ) j 0 Im x ( 0) (i ) 0 0 Im x (1) (i ) j Im x ( 2) (i ) 0 0 0 Im x (3) (i ) j 0 0 0 j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
j 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
group group ) mod 2 = 0 where nPHICH is the PHICH group number and i = 0,1,2 , and by if (i + nPHICH
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y ( 0) (4i ) 0 0 (1) 1 0 y (4i ) y ( 2) (4i ) 0 0 (3) y (4i ) 0 1 y ( 0) (4i + 1) 0 0 (1) y (4i + 1) 0 1 ( 2) 0 0 y (4i + 1) y (3) (4i + 1) 1 1 0 = ( 0) 2 0 0 y (4i + 2) y (1) (4i + 2) 0 0 ( 2) y (4i + 2) 0 0 y (3) (4i 2) 0 0 + y ( 0) (4i + 3) 0 0 (1) 0 0 y (4i + 3) y ( 2) (4i + 3) 0 0 (3) 0 0 y (4i + 3)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 j 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 j 0 j
( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
where i = 0,1,2 otherwise. For transmission on four antenna ports, P = 4 , and extended cyclic prefix, layer mapping is defined by
[x
( 0)
(i ) x (1) (i ) x ( 2) (i )
x (3) (i )
[ [
group is the PHICH group number, i = 0,1,2 , and precoding by where nPHICH
y ( 0) (4i ) 1 0 (1) 0 0 y (4i ) y ( 2) (4i ) 0 1 (3) y (4i ) 0 0 y ( 0) (4i + 1) 0 1 y (1) (4i + 1) 0 0 ( 2) 1 0 y (4i + 1) ( 3 ) y (4i + 1) 1 0 0 = ( 0) 2 0 0 y (4i + 2) y (1) (4i + 2) 0 0 ( 2) y (4i + 2) 0 0 y (3) (4i 2) 0 0 + ( 0) y (4i + 3) 0 0 (1) 0 0 y (4i + 3) y ( 2) (4i + 3) 0 0 (3) y (4i + 3) 0 0
group 2 ) mod 2 = 0 and by if (i + nPHICH
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
j 0 0 0 0 0 j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 j 0 j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
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y ( 0) (4i ) 0 0 (1) 1 0 y (4i ) y ( 2) (4i ) 0 0 (3) y (4i ) 0 1 y ( 0) (4i + 1) 0 0 (1) y (4i + 1) 0 1 ( 2) 0 0 y (4i + 1) y (3) (4i + 1) 1 1 0 = ( 0) 2 0 0 y (4i + 2) y (1) (4i + 2) 0 0 ( 2) y (4i + 2) 0 0 y (3) (4i 2) 0 0 + y ( 0) (4i + 3) 0 0 (1) 0 0 y (4i + 3) y ( 2) (4i + 3) 0 0 (3) 0 0 y (4i + 3)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 j 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 j 0 j
( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
otherwise.
6.9.3
The sequence y ( p ) (0),..., y ( p ) ( M symb 1) for each of the PHICH groups is defined by
y ( p ) ( n) =
( p) i (n)
where the sum is over all PHICHs in the PHICH group and yi( p ) (n) represents the symbol sequence from the i :th PHICH in the PHICH group.
Let z ( p ) (i ) = y ( p ) (4i ), y ( p ) (4i + 1), y ( p ) (4i + 2), y ( p ) (4i + 3) , i = 0,1,2 denote symbol quadruplet i for antenna port p . Mapping to resource elements is defined in terms of symbol quadruplets according to steps 110 below: 1) For each value of i = 0,1,2 2) Let ni denote the number of resource element groups not assigned to PCFICH in OFDM symbol i 3) Number the resource-element groups not assigned to PCFICH in OFDM symbol i from 0 to ni 1 , starting from the resource-element group with the lowest frequency-domain index. 4) Initialize m = 0 (PHICH group number) 5) For each value of i = 0,1,2 6) Symbol-quadruplet z ( p ) (i ) from PHICH group m' is mapped to the resource-element group represented by (k , l ) i as defined in Section 6.2.4 where the indices k i and li are given by steps 7 and 8 below: 7) The time-domain index li is given by
0 ( m 2 + i + 1) mod 2 li = ( 2 m + i + 1) mod 2 i normal PHICH duration, all subframes extended PHICH duration, MBSFN subframes extended PHICH duration, subframe 1 and 6 in frame structure type 2 otherwise
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8) Set the frequency-domain index k i to the resource-element group assigned the number ni in step 3 above, where ni is given by
ni =
(N (N (N
i=0 i =1 i=2
in case of extended PHICH duration in MBSFN subframes, or extended PHICH duration in subframe 1 and 6 for frame structure type 2 and by
ni =
(N (N (N
i=0 i =1 i=2
otherwise. 9) Increase m by 1. 10) Repeat from step 5 until all PHICH groups have been assigned. The PHICH duration is configurable by higher layers according to Table 6.9.3-1. The duration configured puts a lower limit on the size of the control region signalled by the PCFICH.
6.10
-
Reference signals
Three types of downlink reference signals are defined: Cell-specific reference signals, associated with non-MBSFN transmission MBSFN reference signals, associated with MBSFN transmission UE-specific reference signals
6.10.1
Cell-specific reference signals shall be transmitted in all downlink subframes in a cell supporting non-MBSFN transmission. In case the subframe is used for transmission with MBSFN, only the first two OFDM symbols in a subframe can be used for transmission of cell-specific reference symbols. Cell-specific reference signals are transmitted on one or several of antenna ports 0 to 3. Cell-specific reference signals are defined for f = 15 kHz only.
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6.10.1.1
Sequence generation
(1 2 c(2m)) + j
1 2
(1 2 c(2m + 1) ),
max,DL m = 0,1,...,2 N RB 1
where ns is the slot number within a radio frame and l is the OFDM symbol number within the slot. The pseudorandom sequence c(i ) is defined in Section 7.2. The pseudo-random sequence generator shall be initialised with
cell DL cinit = 213 l + 2 9 ns 2 + N ID at the start of each OFDM symbol where l = (ns mod 2) N symb + l is the OFDM
6.10.1.2
( p) The reference signal sequence rl ,ns (m) shall be mapped to complex-valued modulation symbols ak ,l used as reference
where
k = 6m + (v + vshift ) mod 6
DL 3 if p {0,1} 0, N symb l= if p {2,3} 1 DL 1 m = 0,1,...,2 N RB max,DL DL m = m + N RB N RB
The variables v and vshift define the position in the frequency domain for the different reference signals where v is given by
0 3 3 v= 0 3(ns mod 2) 3 + 3(ns mod 2) if p = 0 and l = 0 if p = 0 and l 0 if p = 1 and l = 0 if p = 1 and l 0 if p = 2 if p = 3
Resource elements (k , l ) used for reference signal transmission on any of the antenna ports in a slot shall not be used for any transmission on any other antenna port in the same slot and set to zero. Figures 6.10.1.2-1 and 6.10.1.2-2 illustrate the resource elements used for reference signal transmission according to the above definition. The notation R p is used to denote a resource element used for reference signal transmission on antenna port p .
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R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
l=0
R0 l =6 l =0 l =6
Resource element (
R0
R0
R1
R0
R0
R1
R1
R0
R0
R1
R1
R0 l=0
R0 l =6 l =0 l =6 l=0
R1 l =6 l =0
R1 l =6
R0
R0
R1
R1
R2
R3
R0
R0
R1
R1
R2
R3
R0
R0
R1
R1
R2
R3
R0
l=0
R0
l =6 l =0 l =6 l=0
R1
l =6 l =0
R1
l =6 l =0
R2
l=6 l=0 l=6 l=0
R3
l =6 l =0 l =6
even-numbered slots
odd-numbered slots
even-numbered slots
odd-numbered slots
even-numbered slots
odd-numbered slots
even-numbered slots
odd-numbered slots
Antenna port 0
Antenna port 1
Antenna port 2
Antenna port 3
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R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
l=0
Resource element (
R0
R0
R1
R0
R0
R1
R1
R0
R0
R1
R1
R0 l=0
R1 l =5 l =0
R1 l =5
R0
R0
R1
R1
R2
R3
R0
R0
R1
R1
R2
R3
R0
R0
R1
R1
R2
R3
R0 l=0
R0 l =5 l=0 l =5 l=0
R1 l =5 l =0
R1 l =5 l=0
R2 l = 5l = 0 l =5 l=0
even-numbered slots
odd-numbered slots
even-numbered slots
odd-numbered slots
even-numbered slots
odd-numbered slots
even-numbered slots
odd-numbered slots
Antenna port 0
Antenna port 1
Antenna port 2
Antenna port 3
6.10.2
MBSFN reference signals shall only be transmitted in subframes allocated for MBSFN transmissions. MBSFN reference signals are transmitted on antenna port 4. MBSFN reference signals are defined for extended cyclic prefix only.
6.10.2.1
Sequence generation
(1 2 c(2m)) + j
1 2
(1 2 c(2m + 1) ),
max,DL m = 0,1,...,6 N RB 1
where ns is the slot number within a radio frame and l is the OFDM symbol number within the slot. The pseudorandom sequence c(i ) is defined in Section 7.2. The pseudo-random sequence generator shall be initialised with
MBSFN DL cinit = 213 l + 2 9 ns 2 + N ID at the start of each OFDM symbol where l = (ns mod 2) N symb + l is the OFDM
6.10.2.2
The reference-signal sequence rl ,ns (m) in OFDM symbol l shall be mapped to complex-valued modulation symbols
( p) ak ,l with p = 4 according to
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( p) ak ,l = rl , ns ( m )
where
if l 0 and f = 15 kHz 2m 2m + 1 if l = 0 and f = 15 kHz k= if l 0 and f = 7.5 kHz 4m 4 2 if m l = 0 and f = 7.5 kHz + if ns mod 2 = 0 and f = 15 kHz 2 0,4 if n mod 2 = 1 and f = 15 kHz s l= n 1 if s mod 2 = 0 and f = 7.5 kHz 0,2 if ns mod 2 = 1 and f = 7.5 kHz
DL m = 0,1,...,6 N RB 1 max,DL DL m = m + 3 N RB N RB
Figure 6.10.2.2-1 illustrates the resource elements used for MBSFN reference signal transmission in case of f = 15 kHz . In case of f = 7.5 kHz for a MBSFN-dedicated cell, the MBSFN reference signal shall be mapped to resource elements according to Figure 6.10.2.2-3. The notation R p is used to denote a resource element used for reference signal transmission on antenna port p .
R4
R4 R4
R4 R4
R4
R4 R4 R4
R4
R4
R4
R4 R4
R4
R4 R4
l =5l = 0 l =5
R4
l =0
Figure 6.10.2.2-1: Mapping of MBSFN reference signals (extended cyclic prefix, f = 15 kHz )
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R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 l = 0 l = 2l = 0 l = 2
evennumbered slots oddnumbered slots
R4
R4
R4
R4
R4
Antenna port 4 Figure 6.10.2.2-3: Mapping of MBSFN reference signals (extended cyclic prefix, f = 7.5 kHz )
6.10.3
UE-specific reference signals are supported for single-antenna-port transmission of PDSCH and are transmitted on antenna port 5. The UE is informed by higher layers whether the UE-specific reference signal is present and is a valid phase reference for PDSCH demodulation or not. If higher layer signalling informs the UE that the UE-specific reference signals are present and is a valid phase reference for PDSCH demodulation, the UE may ignore any transmission on antenna port 2 and 3. UE-specific reference signals are transmitted only on the resource blocks upon which the corresponding PDSCH is mapped.
6.10.3.1
Sequence generation
(1 2 c(2m) ) + j
1 2
(1 2 c(2m + 1)),
PDSCH m = 0 ,1,...,12 N RB 1
PDSCH where N RB denotes the bandwidth in resource blocks of the corresponding PDSCH transmission.. The pseudorandom sequence c(i ) is defined in Section 7.2. The pseudo-random sequence generator shall be initialised with cell cinit = 213 nRNTI + 2 9 ns 2 + N ID at the start of each subframe.
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6.10.3.2
In a physical resource block with frequency-domain index nPRB assigned for the corresponding PDSCH transmission,
( p) the reference signal sequence r (m) shall be mapped to complex-valued modulation symbols ak ,l with p = 5 in a
subframe according to
( p) PDSCH + m) ak ,l = r (3 l N RB
where
if l {2,3} and normal cyclic prefix 4m k = 4m + 2 if l {5,6} and normal cyclic prefix 3 l = 0 6 l = 1 l= 2 l = 2 5 l = 3 0,1 if ns mod 2 = 0 and normal cyclic prefix l = 2,3 if ns mod 2 = 1 and normal cyclic prefix
PDSCH 1 m = 0,1,...,3 N RB RB nPRB k = k + N sc
The mapping shall be in increasing order of the frequency-domain index nPRB of the physical resource blocks assigned
PDSCH for the corresponding PDSCH transmission. The quantity N RB denotes the bandwidth in resource blocks of the corresponding PDSCH transmission.
Figure 6.10.3.2-1 illustrates the resource elements used for UE-specific reference signals for normal cyclic prefix. The notation R p is used to denote a resource element used for reference signal transmission on antenna port p .
R5 R5 R5
R5
R5
R5 R5 R5 R5 R5 R5
l =6 l =0 l =6
R5
l=0
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6.11
Synchronization signals
There are 504 unique physical-layer cell identities. The physical-layer cell identities are grouped into 168 unique physical-layer cell-identity groups, each group containing three unique identities. The grouping is such that each physical-layer cell identity is part of one and only one physical-layer cell-identity group. A physical-layer cell identity (1) (2) (1) cell N ID = 3N ID + N ID is thus uniquely defined by a number N ID in the range of 0 to 167, representing the physical-layer
(2) in the range of 0 to 2, representing the physical-layer identity within the cell-identity group, and a number N ID physical-layer cell-identity group.
6.11.1
6.11.1.1
The sequence d (n) used for the primary synchronization signal is generated from a frequency-domain Zadoff-Chu sequence according to
j un ( n +1) 63 e d u (n) = u ( n +1)( n + 2) e j 63 n = 0,1,...,30 n = 31,32,...,61
Root index u 25 29 34
0 1 2
6.11.1.2
The mapping of the sequence to resource elements depends on the frame structure. The antenna port used for transmission of the primary synchronization signal is not specified. The sequence d (n ) shall be mapped to the resource elements according to
ak ,l = d (n ), k = n 31 + n = 0,...,61
DL RB N RB N sc 2
For frame structure type 1, the primary synchronization signal shall be mapped to the last OFDM symbol in slots 0 and 10. For frame structure type 2, the primary synchronization signal shall be mapped to the third OFDM symbol in subframes 1 and 6. Resource elements (k , l ) in the OFDM symbols used for transmission of the primary synchronization signal where
k = n 31 +
DL RB N RB N sc 2 n = 5,4,...,1,62,63,...66
are reserved and not used for transmission of the primary synchronization signal.
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6.11.2
6.11.2.1
The sequence d (0),..., d (61) used for the second synchronization signal is an interleaved concatenation of two length-31 binary sequences. The concatenated sequence is scrambled with a scrambling sequence given by the primary synchronization signal. The combination of two length-31 sequences defining the secondary synchronization signal differs between subframe 0 and subframe 5 according to
(m ) s 0 ( n)c0 (n ) in subframe 0 d ( 2 n) = 0 ( m1 ) s1 ( n)c0 (n ) in subframe 5 (m ) (m ) s 1 (n)c1 (n )z1 0 (n ) in subframe 0 d (2n + 1) = 1 ( m0 ) ( m1 ) s0 (n)c1 (n )z1 (n ) in subframe 5 (1) according to where 0 n 30 . The indices m 0 and m1 are derived from the physical-layer cell-identity group N ID
The two scrambling sequences c0 (n) and c1 (n) depend on the primary synchronization signal and are defined by two ~ (n) according to different cyclic shifts of the m-sequence c
~ ((n + N ( 2) ) mod 31) c0 ( n ) = c ID ~ ((n + N ( 2) + 3) mod 31) c ( n) = c
1 ID ( 2) (1) {0,1,2} is the physical-layer identity within the physical-layer cell identity group N ID and where N ID ~ c (i ) = 1 2 x(i ) , 0 i 30 , is defined by
0 i 25
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( m0 ) ( m0 ) The scrambling sequences z1 (n) are z1 (n) are defined by a cyclic shift of the m-sequence ~ z (n) according to ( m0 ) z1 ( n) = ~ z ((n + (m0 mod 8)) mod 31) ( m1 ) z1 ( n) = ~ z ((n + (m1 mod 8)) mod 31)
z (i ) = 1 2 x(i ) , 0 i 30 , is defined by where m 0 and m1 are obtained from Table 6.11.2.1-1 and ~ x(i + 5) = (x(i + 4) + x(i + 2) + x(i + 1) + x(i ) )mod 2, 0 i 25
(1) Table 6.11.2.1-1: Mapping between physical-layer cell-identity group N ID and the indices m 0 and m1 . (1) N ID
m0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 0 1 2 3
m1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 2 3 4 5
(1) N ID
m0
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
m1
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
(1) N ID
m0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
m1
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
(1) N ID
m0
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
m1
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
(1) N ID
m0
22 23 24 25 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 0 1 2 -
m1
27 28 29 30 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 7 8 9 -
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67
68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101
102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135
136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 -
6.11.2.2
The mapping of the sequence to resource elements depends on the frame structure. In a subframe, the same antenna port as for the primary synchronization signal shall be used for the secondary synchronization signal. The sequence d (n ) shall be mapped to resource elements according to
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ak ,l = d (n ), k = n 31 +
n = 0,...,61
DL RB N RB N sc
2 DL 2 in slots 0 and 10 for frame structure type 1 N l = symb DL N symb 1 in slots 1 and 11 for frame structure type 2
k = n 31 +
DL RB N RB N sc 2
DL 2 in slots 0 and 10 for frame structure type 1 N l = symb DL N symb 1 in slots 1 and 11 for frame structure type 2 n = 5,4,...,1,62,63,...66
are reserved and not used for transmission of the secondary synchronization signal.
6.12
The time-continuous signal sl( p ) (t ) on antenna port p in OFDM symbol l in a downlink slot is defined by
sl( p ) (t ) =
DL RB k = N RB N sc / 2
( p) ak e () ,l
j 2kf (t N CP ,l Ts )
k =1
( p) ak e (+) ,l
j 2kf (t N CP ,l Ts )
2048 for f = 15 kHz subcarrier spacing and 4096 for f = 7.5 kHz subcarrier spacing. The OFDM symbols in a slot shall be transmitted in increasing order of l , starting with l = 0 , where OFDM symbol
l > 0 starts at time
l 1 l =0
( N CP ,l + N )Ts within the slot. In case the first OFDM symbol(s) in a slot use normal cyclic
prefix and the remaining OFDM symbols use extended cyclic prefix, the starting position the OFDM symbols with extended cyclic prefix shall be identical to those in a slot where all OFDM symbols use extended cyclic prefix. Thus there will be a part of the time slot between the two cyclic prefix regions where the transmitted signal is not specified. Table 6.12-1 lists the value of N CP,l that shall be used. Note that different OFDM symbols within a slot in some cases have different cyclic prefix lengths.
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6.13
Modulation and upconversion to the carrier frequency of the complex-valued OFDM baseband signal for each antenna port is shown in Figure 6.13-1. The filtering required prior to transmission is defined by the requirements in [6].
cos (2f 0 t )
Re sl( p ) (t )
sl( p ) (t )
Im sl( p ) (t )
sin (2f 0t )
7
7.1
Generic functions
Modulation mapper
The modulation mapper takes binary digits, 0 or 1, as input and produces complex-valued modulation symbols, x=I+jQ, as output.
7.1.1
BPSK
In case of BPSK modulation, a single bit0, b(i ) , is mapped to a complex-valued modulation symbol x=I+jQ according to Table 7.1.1-1.
Table 7.1.1-1: BPSK modulation mapping
b(i )
0 1 I Q
1 1
2 2
1 1
2 2
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7.1.2
QPSK
In case of QPSK modulation, pairs of bits, b(i ), b(i + 1) , are mapped to complex-valued modulation symbols x=I+jQ according to Table 7.1.2-1.
Table 7.1.2-1: QPSK modulation mapping
b(i ), b(i + 1)
00 01 10 11 I Q
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
7.1.3
16QAM
In case of 16QAM modulation, quadruplets of bits, b(i ), b(i + 1), b(i + 2), b(i + 3) , are mapped to complex-valued modulation symbols x=I+jQ according to Table 7.1.3-1.
Table 7.1.3-1: 16QAM modulation mapping
b(i ), b(i + 1), b(i + 2), b(i + 3)
0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 I Q
1 10 1 10 3 3 10 10
1 10 3 10
1 10 3 3 3 10 1 10 10 1 10 10
1 10 1 10 3 3 10 10
1 10 1 10 3 3 10 10
1 10 3 10
1 10 3 3 3 10 1 10 10 1 10 10
1 10 1 10 3 3 10 10
7.1.4
64QAM
In case of 64QAM modulation, hextuplets of bits, b(i ), b(i + 1), b(i + 2), b(i + 3), b(i + 4), b(i + 5) , are mapped to complexvalued modulation symbols x=I+jQ according to Table 7.1.4-1.
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b (i ), b (i + 1), b (i + 2 ), b (i + 3), b (i + 4 ), b ( i + 5)
000000 000001 000010 000011 000100 000101 000110 000111 001000 001001 001010 001011 001100 001101 001110 001111 010000 010001 010010 010011 010100 010101 010110 010111 011000 011001 011010 011011 011100 011101 011110 011111
3 3 1 1 3 3 1 1 5 5 7 7 5 5 7 7 3 3 1 1 3 3 1 1 5 5 7 7 5 5 7 7
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42
3 1 3 1 5 7 5 7 3 1 3 1 5 7 5 7 3 1 3 1 5 7 5 7 3 1 3 1 5 7 5 7
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42
100000 100001 100010 100011 100100 100101 100110 100111 101000 101001 101010 101011 101100 101101 101110 101111 110000 110001 110010 110011 110100 110101 110110 110111 111000 111001 111010 111011 111100 111101 111110 111111
3 3 1 1 3 3 1 1 5 5 7 7 5 5 7 7 3 3 1 1 3 3 1 1 5 5 7 7 5 5 7 7
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42
3 1 3 1 5 7 5 7 3 1 3 1 5 7 5 7 3 1 3 1 5 7 5 7 3 1 3 1 5 7 5 7
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42
7.2
Pseudo-random sequences are defined by a length-31 Gold sequence. The output sequence c(n) of length M PN , where n = 0,1,..., M PN 1 , is defined by
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where the first m-sequence shall be initialised with x1 (0) = 1, x1 (n) = 0, n = 1,2,...,30 . The initialisation of the second msequence is denoted by cinit =
30
x (i ) 2 i =0 2
8
8.1
Timing
Uplink-downlink frame timing
Transmission of the uplink radio frame number i from the UE shall start N TA Ts seconds before the start of the corresponding downlink radio frame at the UE. Note that not all slots in a radio frame may be transmitted. One example hereof is TDD, where only a subset of the slots in a radio frame is transmitted.
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Editors version, including decisions from RAN1#49 Updated editors version Endorsed by RAN1#49bis Editors version, including decisions from RAN1#49bis Updated editors version Updated editors version Endorsed by RAN1#50 Editors version, including decisions from RAN1#50 Updated editors version For approval at RAN#37 Approved version Introduction of optimized FS2 for TDD Introduction of scrambling sequences, uplink reference signal sequences, secondary synchronization sequences and control channel processing Update of uplink reference-signal hopping, downlink reference signals, scrambling sequences, DwPTS/UpPTS lengths for TDD and control channel processing
8.1.0
8.2.0
3GPP
3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Multiplexing and channel coding (Release 8)
The present document has been developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP TM) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP. The present document has not been subject to any approval process by the 3GPP Organizational Partners and shall not be implemented. This Specification is provided for future development work within 3GPP only. The Organizational Partners accept no liability for any use of this Specification. Specifications and reports for implementation of the 3GPP TM system should be obtained via the 3GPP Organizational Partners Publications Offices.
Release 8
Keywords
<keyword[, keyword]>
Internet
http://www.3gpp.org
Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
2008, 3GPP Organizational Partners (ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TTA, TTC). All rights reserved.
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Contents
Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................5 1 2 3
3.1 3.2 3.3
4
4.1 4.2
5.1 Generic procedures ............................................................................................................................................ 8 5.1.1 CRC calculation ........................................................................................................................................... 8 5.1.2 Code block segmentation and code block CRC attachment......................................................................... 9 5.1.3 Channel coding........................................................................................................................................... 10 5.1.3.1 Tail biting convolutional coding........................................................................................................... 11 5.1.3.2 Turbo coding ........................................................................................................................................ 12 5.1.3.2.1 Turbo encoder ................................................................................................................................. 12 5.1.3.2.2 Trellis termination for turbo encoder .............................................................................................. 13 5.1.3.2.3 Turbo code internal interleaver ....................................................................................................... 13 5.1.4 Rate matching............................................................................................................................................. 15 5.1.4.1 Rate matching for turbo coded transport channels ............................................................................... 15 5.1.4.1.1 Sub-block interleaver ...................................................................................................................... 15 5.1.4.1.2 Bit collection, selection and transmission ....................................................................................... 16 5.1.4.2 Rate matching for convolutionally coded transport channels and control information ........................ 17 5.1.4.2.1 Sub-block interleaver ...................................................................................................................... 18 5.1.4.2.2 Bit collection, selection and transmission ....................................................................................... 19 5.1.5 Code block concatenation .......................................................................................................................... 19 5.2 Uplink transport channels and control information ......................................................................................... 20 5.2.1 Random access channel.............................................................................................................................. 20 5.2.2 Uplink shared channel................................................................................................................................ 20 5.2.2.1 Transport block CRC attachment ......................................................................................................... 21 5.2.2.2 Code block segmentation and code block CRC attachment ................................................................. 21 5.2.2.3 Channel coding of UL-SCH ................................................................................................................. 22 5.2.2.4 Rate matching....................................................................................................................................... 22 5.2.2.5 Code block concatenation..................................................................................................................... 22 5.2.2.6 Channel coding of control information................................................................................................. 22 5.2.2.7 Data and control multiplexing .............................................................................................................. 23 5.2.2.8 Channel interleaver............................................................................................................................... 24 5.2.3 Uplink control information on PUCCH ..................................................................................................... 25 5.2.3.1 Channel coding for UCI HARQ-ACK.................................................................................................. 25 5.2.3.2 Channel coding for UCI scheduling request......................................................................................... 25 5.2.3.3 Channel coding for UCI channel quality information .......................................................................... 26 5.2.3.3.1 Channel quality information formats for wideband reports ............................................................ 26 5.2.3.3.2 Channel quality information formats for UE-selected sub-band reports......................................... 27 5.2.3.4 Channel coding for UCI channel quality information and HARQ-ACK.............................................. 28 5.3 Downlink transport channels and control information..................................................................................... 29 5.3.1 Broadcast channel ...................................................................................................................................... 29 5.3.1.1 Transport block CRC attachment ......................................................................................................... 29 5.3.1.2 Channel coding..................................................................................................................................... 30 5.3.1.3 Rate matching....................................................................................................................................... 30 5.3.2 Downlink shared channel, Paging channel and Multicast channel............................................................. 30 5.3.2.1 Transport block CRC attachment ......................................................................................................... 31 5.3.2.2 Code block segmentation and code block CRC attachment ................................................................. 31
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5.3.2.3 5.3.2.4 5.3.2.5 5.3.3 5.3.3.1 5.3.3.1.1 5.3.3.1.2 5.3.3.1.3 5.3.3.1.4 5.3.3.1.5 5.3.3.1.6 5.3.3.2 5.3.3.3 5.3.3.4 5.3.4 5.3.4.1 5.3.5 5.3.5.1
Channel coding..................................................................................................................................... 31 Rate matching....................................................................................................................................... 32 Code block concatenation..................................................................................................................... 32 Downlink control information.................................................................................................................... 32 DCI formats .......................................................................................................................................... 33 Format 0.......................................................................................................................................... 33 Format 1.......................................................................................................................................... 34 Format 1A ....................................................................................................................................... 34 Format 2.......................................................................................................................................... 35 Format 3.......................................................................................................................................... 35 Format 3A ....................................................................................................................................... 36 CRC attachment.................................................................................................................................... 36 Channel coding..................................................................................................................................... 36 Rate matching....................................................................................................................................... 36 Control format indicator............................................................................................................................. 36 Channel coding..................................................................................................................................... 37 HARQ indicator ......................................................................................................................................... 37 Channel coding..................................................................................................................................... 37
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Foreword
This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: Version x.y.z where: x the first digit: 1 presented to TSG for information; 2 presented to TSG for approval; 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. Y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.
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Scope
The present document specifies the coding, multiplexing and mapping to physical channels for E-UTRA.
References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Release as the present document. [1] [2] [3] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications". 3GPP TS 36.211: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical channels and modulation". 3GPP TS 36.213: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures".
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document.
3
3.1
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in [1]. Definition format <defined term>: <definition>.
3.2
DL N RB UL N RB PUSCH N symb
Symbols
Downlink bandwidth configuration, expressed in number of resource blocks [2] Uplink bandwidth configuration, expressed in number of resource blocks [2] Number of SC-FDMA symbols carrying PUSCH in a subframe Number of SC-FDMA symbols in an uplink slot Number of SC-FDMA symbols used for SRS transmission in a subframe (0 or 1).
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
UL N symb
N SRS
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3.3
BCH CFI CP DCI DL-SCH FDD HI MCH PBCH PCFICH PCH PDCCH PDSCH PHICH PMCH PRACH PUCCH PUSCH RACH SRS TDD UCI UL-SCH
Abbreviations
Broadcast channel Control Format Indicator Cyclic Prefix Downlink Control Information Downlink Shared channel Frequency Division Duplexing HARQ indicator Multicast channel Physical Broadcast channel Physical Control Format Indicator channel Paging channel Physical Downlink Control channel Physical Downlink Shared channel Physical HARQ indicator channel Physical Multicast channel Physical Random Access channel Physical Uplink Control channel Physical Uplink Shared channel Random Access channel Sounding Reference Signal Time Division Duplexing Uplink Control Information Uplink Shared channel
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
4
4.1
Table 4.1-1 specifies the mapping of the uplink transport channels to their corresponding physical channels. Table 4.1-2 specifies the mapping of the uplink control channel information to its corresponding physical channel. Table 4.1-1
TrCH UL-SCH RACH Physical Channel PUSCH PRACH
Table 4.1-2
Control information UCI Physical Channel PUCCH, PUSCH
4.2
Downlink
Table 4.2-1 specifies the mapping of the downlink transport channels to their corresponding physical channels. Table 4.2-2 specifies the mapping of the downlink control channel information to its corresponding physical channel.
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Table 4.2-1
TrCH DL-SCH BCH PCH MCH Physical Channel PDSCH PBCH PDSCH PMCH
Table 4.2-2
Control information CFI HI DCI Physical Channel PCFICH PHICH PDCCH
Data and control streams from/to MAC layer are encoded /decoded to offer transport and control services over the radio transmission link. Channel coding scheme is a combination of error detection, error correcting, rate matching, interleaving and transport channel or control information mapping onto/splitting from physical channels.
5.1
5.1.1
Generic procedures
CRC calculation
This section contains coding procedures which are used for more than one transport channel or control information type.
Denote the input bits to the CRC computation by a 0 , a1 , a 2 , a 3 ,..., a A1 , and the parity bits by p 0 , p1 , p 2 , p 3 ,..., p L 1 . A is the size of the input sequence and L is the number of parity bits. The parity bits are generated by one of the following cyclic generator polynomials: gCRC24A(D) = [D24 + D23 + D18 + D17 + D14 + D11 + D10 + D7 + D6 + D5 + D4 + D3 + D + 1] and; gCRC24B(D) = [D24 + D23 + D6 + D5 + D + 1] for a CRC length L = 24 and; gCRC16(D) = [D16 + D12 + D5 + 1] for a CRC length L = 16.
The encoding is performed in a systematic form, which means that in GF(2), the polynomial:
a 0 D A+ 23 + a1 D A+ 22 + ... + a A1 D 24 + p 0 D 23 + p1 D 22 + ... + p 22 D 1 + p 23
yields a remainder equal to 0 when divided by the corresponding length-24 CRC generator polynomial, gCRC24A(D) or gCRC24B(D), and the polynomial:
a 0 D A+15 + a1 D A+14 + ... + a A1 D 16 + p 0 D15 + p1 D 14 + ... + p14 D 1 + p15
yields a remainder equal to 0 when divided by gCRC16(D). The bits after CRC attachment are denoted by b0 , b1 , b2 , b3 ,..., b B 1 , where B = A+ L. The relation between ak and bk is:
bk = a k bk = p k A
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5.1.2
The input bit sequence to the code block segmentation is denoted by b0 , b1 , b2 , b3 ,..., b B 1 , where B > 0. If B is larger than the maximum code block size Z, segmentation of the input bit sequence is performed and an additional CRC sequence of L = 24 bits is attached to each code block. The maximum code block size is: -
Z = 6144.
If the number of filler bits F calculated below is not 0, filler bits are added to the beginning of the first block. Note that if B < 40, filler bits are added to the beginning of the code block. The filler bits shall be set to <NULL> at the input to the encoder. Total number of code blocks C is determined by: if B Z
L=0
Number of code blocks: C = 1
B = B
else
L = 24
Number of code blocks: C = B / (Z L ) .
B = B + C L
end if The bits output from code block segmentation, for C 0, are denoted by c r 0 , c r1 , c r 2 , c r 3 ,..., c r (K r 1) , where r is the code block number, and Kr is the number of bits for the code block number r. Number of bits in each code block (applicable for C 0 only): First segmentation size: K + = minimum K in table 5.1.3-3 such that C K B if C = 1 the number of code blocks with length K + is C + =1, K = 0 , C = 0 else if C > 1 Second segmentation size: K = maximum K in table 5.1.3-3 such that K < K +
K = K+ K C K + B Number of segments of size K : C = . K
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end for
k=F s=0
for r = 0 to C-1 if r < C
Kr = K
else
Kr = K+
end while if C >1 The sequence c r 0 , c r1 , c r 2 , c r 3 ,..., c r (K r L 1) is used to calculate the CRC parity bits p r 0 , p r1 , p r 2 ,..., p r (L1) according to subclause 5.1.1 with the generator polynomial gCRC24B(D). For CRC calculation it is assumed that filler bits, if present, have the value 0. while k < K r
crk = pr ( k + L K r )
k = k +1 end while
5.1.3
Channel coding
The bit sequence input for a given code block to channel coding is denoted by c 0 , c1 , c 2 , c 3 ,..., c K 1 , where K is the
(i ) (i ) (i ) (i ) number of bits to encode. After encoding the bits are denoted by d 0 , d 1(i ) , d 2 , d3 ,..., d D 1 , where D is the number of
(i ) encoded bits per output stream and i indexes the encoder output stream. The relation between c k and d k and between
K and D is dependent on the channel coding scheme. The following channel coding schemes can be applied to TrCHs: tail biting convolutional coding; turbo coding.
Usage of coding scheme and coding rate for the different types of TrCH is shown in table 5.1.3-1. Usage of coding scheme and coding rate for the different control information types is shown in table 5.1.3-2. The values of D in connection with each coding scheme: tail biting convolutional coding with rate 1/3: D = K;
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The range for the output stream index i is 0, 1 and 2 for both coding schemes.
Table 5.1.3-1: Usage of channel coding scheme and coding rate for TrCHs
TrCH UL-SCH DL-SCH PCH MCH BCH Coding scheme Turbo coding Tail biting convolutional coding Coding rate 1/3
1/3
Table 5.1.3-2: Usage of channel coding scheme and coding rate for control information
Control Information DCI CFI HI UCI Coding scheme Tail biting convolutional coding Block code Repetition code Block code Tail biting convolutional coding Coding rate 1/3 1/16 1/3 variable 1/3
5.1.3.1
A tail biting convolutional code with constraint length 7 and coding rate 1/3 is defined. The configuration of the convolutional encoder is presented in figure 5.1.3-1. The initial value of the shift register of the encoder shall be set to the values corresponding to the last 6 information bits in the input stream so that the initial and final states of the shift register are the same. Therefore, denoting the shift register of the encoder by s 0 , s1 , s 2 ,..., s 5 , then the initial value of the shift register shall be set to
s i = c (K 1i )
ck
( 0) dk
(1) dk
( 2) dk
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5.1.3.2
5.1.3.2.1
Turbo coding
Turbo encoder
The scheme of turbo encoder is a Parallel Concatenated Convolutional Code (PCCC) with two 8-state constituent encoders and one turbo code internal interleaver. The coding rate of turbo encoder is 1/3. The structure of turbo encoder is illustrated in figure 5.1.3-2. The transfer function of the 8-state constituent code for the PCCC is: G(D) = 1, where g0(D) = 1 + D2 + D3, g1(D) = 1 + D + D3. The initial value of the shift registers of the 8-state constituent encoders shall be all zeros when starting to encode the input bits. The output from the turbo encoder is
( 0) dk = xk
(1) dk = zk ( 2) dk = z k
g1 ( D ) , g 0 ( D)
for k = 0,1,2,..., K 1 . If the code block to be encoded is the 0-th code block and the number of filler bits is greater than zero, i.e., F > 0, then
(0) the encoder shall set ck, = 0, k = 0,,(F-1) at its input and shall set d k =< NULL > , k = 0,,(F-1) and (1) dk =< NULL > , k = 0,,(F-1) at its output.
The bits input to the turbo encoder are denoted by c 0 , c1 , c 2 , c 3 ,..., c K 1 , and the bits output from the first and second 8 , z1 , z2 , z3 ,..., z state constituent encoders are denoted by z 0 , z1 , z 2 , z 3 ,..., z K 1 and z 0 K 1 , respectively. The bits output , c1 ,..., c from the turbo code internal interleaver are denoted by c0 K 1 , and these bits are to be the input to the second 8state constituent encoder.
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xk
zk
ck
z k ck
x k
Figure 5.1.3-2: Structure of rate 1/3 turbo encoder (dotted lines apply for trellis termination only)
5.1.3.2.2
Trellis termination is performed by taking the tail bits from the shift register feedback after all information bits are encoded. Tail bits are padded after the encoding of information bits. The first three tail bits shall be used to terminate the first constituent encoder (upper switch of figure 5.1.3-2 in lower position) while the second constituent encoder is disabled. The last three tail bits shall be used to terminate the second constituent encoder (lower switch of figure 5.1.3-2 in lower position) while the first constituent encoder is disabled. The transmitted bits for trellis termination shall then be:
( 0) ( 0) (0) ( 0) dK = xK , d K +1 = z K +1 , d K + 2 = x K , d K + 3 = z K +1 (1) (1) (1) (1) dK = zK , dK +1 = x K + 2 , d K + 2 = z K , d K + 3 = x K + 2 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) dK = x K +1 , d K +1 = z K + 2 , d K + 2 = x K +1 , d K +3 = z K + 2
5.1.3.2.3
The bits input to the turbo code internal interleaver are denoted by c 0 , c1 ,..., c K 1 , where K is the number of input bits. , c1 ,..., c The bits output from the turbo code internal interleaver are denoted by c0 K 1 . The relationship between the input and output bits is as follows:
c i = c (i ) , i=0, 1,, (K-1)
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where the relationship between the output index i and the input index (i ) satisfies the following quadratic form:
(i ) = f1 i + f 2 i 2 mod K
The parameters f1 and f 2 depend on the block size K and are summarized in Table 5.1.3-3.
Table 5.1.3-3: Turbo code internal interleaver parameters
i 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 Ki 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 104 112 120 128 136 144 152 160 168 176 184 192 200 208 216 224 232 240 248 256 264 272 280 288 296 304 312 320 328 336 344 352 360 368 376 384 392 400 408
f1
3 7 19 7 7 11 5 11 7 41 103 15 9 17 9 21 101 21 57 23 13 27 11 27 85 29 33 15 17 33 103 19 19 37 19 21 21 115 193 21 133 81 45 23 243 151 155
f2
10 12 42 16 18 20 22 24 26 84 90 32 34 108 38 120 84 44 46 48 50 52 36 56 58 60 62 32 198 68 210 36 74 76 78 120 82 84 86 44 90 46 94 48 98 40 102
i 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94
Ki 416 424 432 440 448 456 464 472 480 488 496 504 512 528 544 560 576 592 608 624 640 656 672 688 704 720 736 752 768 784 800 816 832 848 864 880 896 912 928 944 960 976 992 1008 1024 1056 1088
f1
25 51 47 91 29 29 247 29 89 91 157 55 31 17 35 227 65 19 37 41 39 185 43 21 155 79 139 23 217 25 17 127 25 239 17 137 215 29 15 147 29 59 65 55 31 17 171
f2
52 106 72 110 168 114 58 118 180 122 62 84 64 66 68 420 96 74 76 234 80 82 252 86 44 120 92 94 48 98 80 102 52 106 48 110 112 114 58 118 60 122 124 84 64 66 204
i 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141
Ki 1120 1152 1184 1216 1248 1280 1312 1344 1376 1408 1440 1472 1504 1536 1568 1600 1632 1664 1696 1728 1760 1792 1824 1856 1888 1920 1952 1984 2016 2048 2112 2176 2240 2304 2368 2432 2496 2560 2624 2688 2752 2816 2880 2944 3008 3072 3136
f1
67 35 19 39 19 199 21 211 21 43 149 45 49 71 13 17 25 183 55 127 27 29 29 57 45 31 59 185 113 31 17 171 209 253 367 265 181 39 27 127 143 43 29 45 157 47 13
f2
140 72 74 76 78 240 82 252 86 88 60 92 846 48 28 80 102 104 954 96 110 112 114 116 354 120 610 124 420 64 66 136 420 216 444 456 468 80 164 504 172 88 300 92 188 96 28
i 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188
Ki 3200 3264 3328 3392 3456 3520 3584 3648 3712 3776 3840 3904 3968 4032 4096 4160 4224 4288 4352 4416 4480 4544 4608 4672 4736 4800 4864 4928 4992 5056 5120 5184 5248 5312 5376 5440 5504 5568 5632 5696 5760 5824 5888 5952 6016 6080 6144
f1
111 443 51 51 451 257 57 313 271 179 331 363 375 127 31 33 43 33 477 35 233 357 337 37 71 71 37 39 127 39 39 31 113 41 251 43 21 43 45 45 161 89 323 47 23 47 263
f2
240 204 104 212 192 220 336 228 232 236 120 244 248 168 64 130 264 134 408 138 280 142 480 146 444 120 152 462 234 158 80 96 902 166 336 170 86 174 176 178 120 182 184 186 94 190 480
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5.1.4
5.1.4.1
Rate matching
Rate matching for turbo coded transport channels
The rate matching for turbo coded transport channels is defined per coded block and consists of interleaving the three
(0) (1) ( 2) , dk and d k , followed by the collection of bits and the generation of a circular buffer as information bit streams d k
depicted in Figure 5.1.4-1. The output bits for each code block are transmitted as described in subclause 5.1.4.1.2.
( 0) dk
( 0) vk
(1) dk
(1) vk
wk
ek
( 2) dk
( 2) vk
(1) is interleaved according to the sub-block interleaver defined in subclause 5.1.4.1.1 with an output The bit stream d k (1) (1) (1) (1) sequence defined as v 0 , v1 , v2 ,..., v K
1
( 2) The bit stream d k is interleaved according to the sub-block interleaver defined in subclause 5.1.4.1.1 with an output
( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) sequence defined as v 0 , v1 , v2 ,..., v K . 1
5.1.4.1.1
Sub-block interleaver
(i ) (i ) (i ) (i ) , d1 ,d2 ,..., d D The bits input to the block interleaver are denoted by d 0 1 , where D is the number of bits. The output bit sequence from the block interleaver is derived as follows:
TC = 32 to be the number of columns of the matrix. The columns of the matrix are numbered 0, 1, (1) Assign C subblock TC 1 from left to right. 2,, C subblock TC , by finding minimum integer Rsubblock such that: (2) Determine the number of rows of the matrix Rsubblock TC TC D Rsubblock C subblock TC
TC The rows of rectangular matrix are numbered 0, 1, 2,, Rsubblock 1 from top to bottom.
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TC TC TC TC (3) If Rsubblock C subblock > D , then N D = Rsubblock C subblock D dummy bits are padded such that yk = <NULL>
(i ) , k = 0, 1,, D-1, into for k = 0, 1,, ND - 1. Then, write the input bit sequence, i.e. y N D + k = d k TC TC the Rsubblock C subblock matrix row by row starting with bit y0 in column 0 of row 0:
y1 yCTC y ( RTC
subblock +1
y2 yCTC y( RTC
subblock + 2
TC subblock 1)Csubblock +1
TC subblock 1)Csubblock + 2
yCTC
subblock 1
(4) Perform the inter-column permutation for the matrix based on the pattern P ( j )
TC j 0,1,...,Csubblock 1
} that is shown in
table 5.1.4-1, where P(j) is the original column position of the j-th permuted column. After permutation of the TC TC columns, the inter-column permuted Rsubblock C subblock matrix is equal to
y P (1) y P (1)+CTC
y P ( 2) y P ( 2)+CTC