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Design review of wastewater

treatment plants
2008



Design Review of
Wastewater Treatment Plants



Design Review of Wastewater
Treatment Plants
Prof. Dr. Mahmoud A. Azim
Prof. Dr. Fekry Ghebrial
Dr. Ahmed Refaat
Dr. Walid Abdel-Halim

Deutsche Gesellschaft fr Technische


Zusammenarbeit - GTZ
Water and Wastewater Management
Programme (WWM)
GTZ Project No. 06.2006.3

July 2008

:
1- 1

( )

1-1-1
2-1-1
3-1-1
4-1-1
5-1-1
2- 1

1-2-1
2-2-1
3-2-1
4 -2-1
5-2-1
6-2-1
3- 1

4- 1

5- 1

:
1- 2

2- 2

3- 2

4- 2

i-

)Water and Wastewater Management Program (WWM


GTZ

1-4-2
2-4-2
5- 2

1-5-2
2-5-2

:
1- 3

2- 3

3- 3

4- 3

5- 3

6- 3

7- 3

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10- 3
11- 3
1- 11- 3
2- 11- 3
3- 11- 3
4- 11- 3
5- 11- 3 ()

:
1- 4

1- 1- 4

2- 1- 4

ii-

)Water and Wastewater Management Program (WWM


GTZ

2- 4

3- 4

4- 4

5- 4

6- 4

7- 4

8- 4

9- 4

10- 4
11- 4
12- 4
13- 4
14- 4

:
1- 5

2- 5

3- 5

1- 3- 5

2- 3- 5

3- 3- 5

4- 3- 5

()

5- 3- 5

( )

6- 3- 5

7- 3- 5

8- 3- 5

9- 3- 5

( )

10- 3- 5

iii-

)Water and Wastewater Management Program (WWM


GTZ

4- 5

5- 5

:
1- 6

2- 6

( )

1- 2- 6
1- 1- 2- 6

()

2- 1- 2- 6

3- 1- 2- 6

4- 1- 2- 6

3- 6

1- 3- 6
2- 3- 6
3- 3- 6
4- 3- 6
5- 3- 6
4- 6

()

5- 6

6- 6

1- 6- 6 ()
1- 1- 6- 6

2- 1- 6- 6

2- 6- 6
3- 6- 6
4- 6- 6
1- 4- 6- 6

2- 4- 6- 6

iv-

)Water and Wastewater Management Program (WWM


GTZ

3- 4- 6- 6

5- 6- 6
7- 6

1- 7- 6

2- 7- 6

3- 7- 6

4- 7- 6

8- 6

9- 6

10- 6
1- 10- 6
2- 10- 6
3- 10- 6
4- 10- 6
11- 6
12- 6
13- 6 :
14- 6
15- 6
16- 6
17- 6
18- 6
19- 6
20- 6
21- 6
22- 6
23- 6
24- 6

v-

)Water and Wastewater Management Program (WWM


GTZ

25- 6
26- 6
27- 6
28- 6
29- 6

vi-

)Water and Wastewater Management Program (WWM


GTZ

( )WWM
( )GTZ



2009













.2037




.



)Water and Wastewater Management Program (WWM


GTZ






.




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GTZ



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GTZ

)Water and Wastewater Management Program (WWM


GTZ

1-1

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Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

2-1

2-1-1

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3-1-1


.

.
4-1-1

.
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

3-1

( - ).


200 10 30
600 20

80

.
1.3 4.7/

( )

.
,

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

4-1

5-1-1

.
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:
.
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.


.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

5-1

2-2-1

.
3-2-1

( ).

:
: (: ) Putrefaction

(Ammonia (

)Methane

( )Hydrogen Sulphide
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

6-1

( )Nitrates ( )Sulphates ( Carbon


)Dioxide .
:


.

.
( )
(

)
.

. :

,
.

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Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

7-1


%50 .

%65 %75
%25 %35

( )1-1:

( )1-1

1000
300
150
100

50

150
100

50

700
300

400

:

( )Volatile - Unstable

( (Mineral - Stable

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

8-1

%50

4 -2-1


: ,

.
:

- 1 30
.

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20 .

- 3 200000 30000 .

.

5-2-1

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

9-1

.1 ( (nitrogen-ammonia
.

.2 ( )nitrites and nitrates


.
.3 ( )chlorides

.
.4 ( )hydrogen sulphide

.5 ()COD chemical oxygen demand


)BOD- Biological oxygen demand

( .)aerated water

6-2-1

( )BOD

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

10-1

) incubation

-
.

( )standardization

20 ()incubation period

. ( )3-1

( )BOD
:
- : 10 15

.
- : ,

.

- :

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

11-1

3 1
1

,
.

.
.

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( )

,
.

.
- 3

.
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

12-1

-4

105 -100 .

.% 70

Settliable Matter

Colloidal matter

.
:

, .
.


( 500 )

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

13-1

100 .
4 1

Organic Matter

Carbohydrates

.

.
Proteins

%50 ,

, .
Fats ,Oils , Grease

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

14-1

Detergents ,

( ).

Inorganic Matters % 50

pH

7 ,
,
pH = 7.2.

... ( )

, ,
,
.
.

,

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

15-1

, .
.


:
(100 ) ( 5 : ) ( 1 : )

)(H2S

) (SO4


) (H2S

. ,

,
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

16-1

.
5 1
( ) :
Bacteria
,
.
:
: Aerobic Bacteria
Dissolved oxygen : Anaerobic Bacteria

: Facultative Bacteria

,

( ) Protozoa

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

17-1

) (Supernatant ,
.

,
.

% 75 %40
.

40 % 60

25 % 50

% 10

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

18-1

( )
.


:
). ( BOD
) .( COD
- ) . ( TOC
- ).( TOD

).)BOD

) (BOD
250 650 / .

) (BOD

30 /
10/ .

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

)Water and Wastewater Management Program (WWM


GTZ

1-2


1 2

.
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

2-2

2 2

3 2
:

.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

3-2

.
4 2

.
1-4-2

(.)1-2

( )1-2

/ ()

/ ()

/ ()

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

4-2

() ( )
/

2-4-2
()

. ( )/

().

(.)2-2

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

5-2

( )2-2
/

/ ()

.
/
.

:

()

/ .

/
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

6-2

5 2
:
.
( ).

.

/ .
1-5-2

,

.
.
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

7-2

.
2-5-2
( )1
.

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( ).

( )3
.

( )4
.
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.
( )6 .
( )7
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

)Water and Wastewater Management Program (WWM


GTZ

1-3

)1-3

.
1 3


:
-

.
-

- 500

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

2-3

(---)

( )1-3

-
.
-
.
-
.

-
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

3-3

50

%75 .

.

-
.

-
.
-
.
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-

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

4-3

.
-
.

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.

3 3
:
- ..
- .
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Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

5-3

()

.
( )

()

4 3

:
- .
-
- .
- .
-
.

-
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

6-3

-
.

-
.

-
.

-
.
-
46 76 ( 150

250).

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5 3

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

7-3

6 3


.
7 3

.

100

25

10 . :

- 25

.
- 100
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

8-3

.8 3


10000 =

930 930
.
9 3

10
- 3

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

9-3

( )
.

-:

- .
- .
- .
- .

.

11
- 3
1 11
- 3

( )1-3

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

10-3

( :)1-3

)(DBA

45-40

56-47

641-52

- .

66-56

80-66


- ()

50-40

- ()

55-65

70-60

2 11
- 3

. .


( )4-8 ( )3-8

3 11
- 3

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

11-3

.
4 11
- 3
:
-
- ( ).
- .
- .
- (
).

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- 3

( )( )
:
- .

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.

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- ( ).

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

)Water and Wastewater Management Program (WWM


GTZ

1-4

1 4
11 4

:
-

.
-
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

2-4

-
.

-
- .
21 4


-50

60

-
.
- .
-
.
2 4



Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

3-4

3 4
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
-
.

-
.

4 4

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

4-4

5 4


6 4


:
-
.

-
.

- .
7 4

.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

5-4

.
.

-
.
-
.
-

8 4

(

)6-3

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

6-4

9 4
-


( )20-15

()10

.
.

( ).

. 10
- 4


:
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

7-4

- .
:

.

11
- 4

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

8-4

12
- 4

- 24 (7.3).
- 38 ( 12).
- .%17
-
.

-
.

- 4 (1.2)
.
-

).

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

9-4

-
.

- .
- .
- .
-

13
- 4

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

10-4

14
- 4
-
.

- 3.5 3
( 1.10 - 0.9) .
- .
-
.

- .
- .
15
- 4

:
.
-
- .
-

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

)Water and Wastewater Management Program (WWM


GTZ

1-5

- .

- .

- .
- .

- (
) .

- ( ) .

-
.

- .

- .

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

2-5

BOD

.SS

%95 ()*

30/ 20 / (.)30:20

()

()

( )20-30
(

)20-30

8 : 1

5-4 / 1:1
() 10/
.

( )

()

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

3-5

- ( )

- .

- .
- .

- ().

- ().

1 5

:
.

:
(

: :

- ( ) .
- ( ) .

- .

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

4-5

:

.

( )1-5

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

5-5

( )1-5

110

10:10


10:10

10: 10

20: 50

20: 30

20: 30

20: 30

20: 30

20: 30

BOD

S.S

10

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

6-5

2 5

- ( ) 15 10
).
-
.
- .
-
.
- .
- .
- ( ).
- .
- .
- .
- ( 3-2).
- .
-
.
- .
- .

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

7-5

3 5


:
13 5

(. )2-5
()2-5

()

1-

5000

( )

2-

5000 10000

3-

10000 20000

4-

20000 30000

5-

30000 50000

6-

50000 100000

7-

100000 200000

8-

200000

9-

1000000

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

8-5

23 5

%90-70 )


(.)3-5

()3-5

33 5


( //)

1-

50

2-

51 100

3-3

100 150

4-

151 200

5-

200 350

6-

350

(.)4-5

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

9-5

( )4-5

43 5

( BOD/)

1-

150 200

2-

200 300

3-

300 500

4-

500 800

5-

500 800

()


()5-5
( )5-5

%80

%85 - %80

%90 % 85

%95 % 90

%97 % 95

%99 %97

%100

( )

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

10-5

53 5

( )

(.)6-5
()6-5

1-

( )

2-

3-

4-

( )

5-

( )

6-

( )

7-

8-

( )

9-

( )

10-

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

11-5

63 5

).

(. )7-5
()7-5

1-

2-

3-

4-

5-

6-

7-

8-

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

12-5

73 5

( )

(.)8-5
()8-5

83 5

1-

2-

3-

4-

5-

6-

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

13-5

(.)9-5
()9-5

1-

2-

3-

4-

5-

93 5

( )

( )10-5
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

14-5

()10-5

1-

2-

3-

4-

5-

6-

7-

8-

10
-3 5

(. )11-5

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

15-5

()11-5

1-

3-2

2-

10-6

3-

12-8

4-

18-12

5-

30-20

6-

40-30

()

4 5



(. )12-5

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

16-5

()12-5

1-

2-

3-

4-

5-

5 5

( )13-5

( )14-5


( )14-5

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

17-5

()13-5

()

()

-
-
2

()
()

:
-

( .) .

( .) .

- .
-
3

( .) .
( .) .

( ) :
-

(..)
(..)
(..)

( ) :
-

(..)

(..)
(..)

()2
Water and Wastewater Management Program
GTZ

18-5

( )

()

()2

()13-5

10

11

12

13

14

( )

15

( )

16

( )

(/)

()

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

19-5

( )14-5
5

()

3-2-1

3-2

3-2

5-4

7-6

10

3-2

3-2-1

3-2-1

8-7-6-5

1
5

()

3-2

5-4

3-2

5-4

5-4

5-4

3-2

5-5

5-4-3

()

2-1

5-4

4-3

3-2

2-1

4-3

3-2

5-4-3

()

()

()

2-1

3-2-1

3-2-1

3-2-1

4-3-2-1

4-3-2-1

1 5

4-3-2-1

1 6

3-2-1

3-2-1

3-2-1

()

()

1
8
6

4-3-2-1

()

10

()

11

()

7-6

7-6

11

12

)*( 13

14

(*) ( )1 ( )12.
() ( )12 .
() .

()

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

)Water and Wastewater Management Program (WWM


GTZ

1-6

1 6


()

( )2 6

( )

( )

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

2-6

( )1-6
.

12 6
() 1 12 6

) .

2 12 6
( )

. ( )2-6

3 12 6
0.2

.... . ( )3-6
.

4 12 6

. ( )4-6 .

()
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

3-6

%35-25

%60-50 (BOD) ) (SS.

( )1-6

( )2-6

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

4-6

( )3-6

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

5-6

( )3-6

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

6-6

3 6
13 6

.
= ( = * )

= ( )3 1

= ( * )4 3
2

= (/ )1.5 0.6

= * *

23 6
= ( = * )

= (/ )1.5 0.6

33 6

15
( ).

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

7-6

=
/ 0.6 = ( / ** )

/ 1.5 = ( / * *

* )

= ((1.4 )
)*2(/)2 )

( 2

= ( * )3-2 = *

* *
= ( )6.25 0.6

= *
= ( )60- 45 30

= 10 +

= 18 -16 12

= ( *)1+ + *

43 6

.

.
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

8-6

.
.
=

= (/ )0.35 0.25

= ( )90 45

/2/3 )2500 1000( =

= ( )20 15

53 6


380 50/.
=

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

9-6

/ 0.3

= ( )2.5 1.5

/2/3 )45 30( =

50

= ( * )5 4
= ( )3 2

)5 3( =
35

= (//3 )600 150

.
.
.

.
.
.

.
.

()4 6

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

10-6

%90-75

%90-80 .

5 6
1
2
3
4

( ).
.

6 6
() 16 6
1 16 6
/2/3 4 -1 = .
( 320-80 = /3/ )
= . 3 1.8

2 16 6
( 30-10 = ) /2/3.

(1000-500 = /3/)
. 2.0 1.0

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

11-6

( )5 6 .

26 6
= (

)2-1.

= (

)3.5-2.

= ( )2-1 ( )
.

)40-30( = .

60-40/2/.

210-55 = /2.

7 .

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

12-6

( )5 6

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

13-6

36 6
:
:
= 5 3

1.5 = 2.00

:
F/M = Q/V (Li Le)/MLSS
= F/M .

= Q (

/3.)

= V (

.)3

= Li

= Le

= MLSS

( ..)3/
( ..)3/

( )3/ .

) (T
T = V/Q

T = (Li-Le) F/M * MLSS

= *

Mw/F = a-b/ F/M
= M/W ( /.)

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

14-6

= F
a

(/.)

= = 0.7

= b =

0.075


SRT = M / aF-bm
= SRT
) .Recalculation Rate of Sludge ( R

)C2R = C1 (R + Q
= C1 ()3 /
= C2 (/
= R (

= Q (

)3

%100) /3.
/3).


2 BOD
:
(/) = * 2 (/) * 24
(/)
3
(/) = BOD (/ ) *
(/3)

= ( * 9.17 (/)) *
(Z * )Cr B * CDc( * CWTR / )T 20()1.024

= CWTR
= CDc
= B ( /) MLSS / ()

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

15-6

= Cr ( /)3
= Z ( /) BOD / ( /)
= T
( )6 6

( )6 6

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

16-6

46 6
( )7-6

1 46 6
=

53

).%70 - %50 = (BOD

).%80 - %30 = (SS

300-100 = /3/(BOD) .

600-100 = (BOD) /.

2( 1 : 2 1 : .)

2 46 6

:
:

= 5 103.5

()1.085

(-35 )

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

17-6

)1.0993( 6.30 = .

: .

6325 -375 =
.

.
:
-

10 .

2.0 1.5 .

20 = .

400-200 /BOD /.
2 ( 1 : 2 1 : .)

3 46 6
/ = ( / 1 (k)
)1 +

= 610 4.7.100/

310 2 .100/
2 = (K) .

= 3 .

= .

1.5 1 = .

= 2( 1 : 2 1 : .)

)1-6 (
.

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

18-6

( )1-6

1000/
/3

) :
-

/
/MLSS

%BOD

0.5-0.2 600-450
1500
1.0-0.5

7.5-6.0

30

95

3.5-2.5

100

90-85

0.5-0.2 800-450

7.0-5.0

50

95-90

0.5-0.2 800-450

9.0-6.0

100

90-85

100

90-85

30

95-90

30.0-20.0 0.2-0.05 450-150


2000 3.0-1.0 1.5-0.6
)
:

- 400-100

85-80

-400
3000

-100

80-65

)(Biotower
)

< 3000

< *400

85-75

- 600-300

90-80

*400

Water and Wastewater Management Program


GTZ

19-6

(*) .

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