Schizoaffective Disorder 1.

Definition A disorder with concurrent features of both schizophrenia and mood disorder that cannot be diagnosed as either one separately. 2. Diagnosis, sign and symptoms A. An uninterrupted period of illness during which, at some time there is either a major depressive episode, a manic episode, or mixed episode concurrent with symptoms that meet criterion A for schizophrenia. B. During that same period of illness, there have been delusions or hallucinations for at least two wee s in the absence of prominent mood symptoms. !. Symptoms that meet the criteria for a mood episode are present for a substantial portion of the total duration of the active and residual periods of the illness. D. "he disturbance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition. 3. Epidemiology #ifetime prevalence is less than $%& it occurs e'ually in men and women. 4. Etiology "he cause of schizoaffective is un nown. "he disorder may be a type of schizophrenia, a type of mood disorder or simultaneous expression of each. Schizoaffective disorder also may also be a distinct type of psychosis& one is unrelated to schizophrenia or a mood disorder. "he most li ely possibility is that schizoaffective disorder is a heterogeneous group of disorders encompassing of all these disorders. 5. Course and prognosis (oor prognosis is associated with positive family history of schizophrenia, early and insidious onset without precipitating factors, predominance of psychotic symptoms, and poor premorbid history. Schizoaffective patients have a better prognosis than schizophrenic patients and a worse prognosis in mood disorder patients. Schizoaffective patients respond more often to lithium and are less li ely to have a deterioting course than are schizophrenic patients. 5. Treatment )ood stabilizers such as carbamazepine and lithium are a mainstay of treatment for bipolar disorders and patients with schizoaffective disorders. A recent study indicates that between carbamazepine and lithium, carbamazepine was more superior for schizoaffective disorders, depressive type but found no difference in the two agents for the bipolar type. Since schizoaffective patients also by definition suffer from depressive episodes, then treatment with antidepressant mirror treatment are also re'uired. Selective serotonin upta e inhibitors are often used as first line agents because they have less effect on cardiac status and have a favorable overdose profile.

As in all cases of intractable mania, the use of electro convulsion therapy *+!", should also be considered. III. Status Psi iatri us -oman mu a /esadaran /onta 0rapport 1rientasi (erhatian (ersepsi 2ngatan 2ntelegensia 4i iran (enilaian 212 +mosi De orum "ing ah la u dan bicara . senang . compos mentis . ade uat . tempat . bai wa tu . bai orang . bai . bai . . masa ini . bai . masa dulu . bai . segera . bai . rata3rata . bentu . . jalan . oheren . isi . norma sosial . cu up . bai . bai . sopan santun . bai . cara berpa aian . bai . ebersihan . bai . normoa tif, relevan